CN103323568A - Material smelting and welding experimental apparatus under ground microgravity and methods for smelting and welding material under microgravity based on device - Google Patents
Material smelting and welding experimental apparatus under ground microgravity and methods for smelting and welding material under microgravity based on device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103323568A CN103323568A CN2013102600636A CN201310260063A CN103323568A CN 103323568 A CN103323568 A CN 103323568A CN 2013102600636 A CN2013102600636 A CN 2013102600636A CN 201310260063 A CN201310260063 A CN 201310260063A CN 103323568 A CN103323568 A CN 103323568A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a material smelting and welding experimental device under the ground microgravity and methods for smelting and welding a material under the microgravity, relates to a microgravity ground experimental device, and solves the problems of the existing microgravity device that a non-real microgravity environment is generated due to air resistance and external force. The material smelting and welding experimental apparatus under the microgravity comprises a vacuum system, a heat source, a clamping ejection device and a buffering device, the vacuum system comprises a vacuum chamber and a vacuumizing device, an air pumping hole of the vacuum chamber is communicated with a vacuumizing hole of the vacuumizing system, the heat source is fixed in the center on the inner top end of the vacuum chamber, the clamping ejection device is fixed on the inner side wall of the vacuum chamber, the buffering device is arranged on the inner bottom surface of the vacuum chamber, and the buffering device is arranged right below the heat source. The material smelting and welding experimental device under the microgravity is mainly applicable to the field of the microgravity science.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microgravity ground experiment device.
Background technology
Microgravity Science is exactly the science of motion of matter rule in the research microgravity environment.Materials sciences in space is the maximum and largest field of investment in the Microgravity Science.Microgravity environment has the Some features that is different from gravity environment, for materials processing provides extremely superior condition, provide superior environment for producing the material preparations such as high performance material, crystal growth, can also improve simultaneously the existing production method in ground and technique, current in foamed material preparation, new material exploitation, smelt and make the desirable material melting fields such as spherical products and carried out research without container.Microgravity welding is as a kind of microgravity material processing method, be following large space aircraft in rail assembling, spacecraft long service process maintenance and safeguard indispensable a kind of technology.
The acquisition of current microgravity environment is divided into Space Experiments and ground simulation dual mode, the former comprises the experiment porchs such as space shuttle, space station, retrievable satellite, sounding rocket, and the latter comprises the diver method, the tower method that falls, the well method that falls, the experimental techniques such as pipe method, high-altitude balloon fall.Yet these experiment porchs are carried out, and microgravity experiment is costly, complex structure and experimental resources are very limited.The microgravity simulation becomes a frontier of space technology thus, prolongs the microgravity experiment time and reduce the emphasis that experimental cost is this area research when guaranteeing low Level of Microgravity.
Patent CN202795838U discloses a kind of microgravity device that adopts upright guide rail, although guide rail is connected by tourelle with the platform that rises and falls, rubs but still unavoidably produce, the method falls in atmosphere simultaneously, can produce air resistance, increase gravity horizontal, reduce the microgravity effect;
Patent CN201364672Y and patent CN102564905A all disclose the device that produces microgravity environment, but the essence of these two kinds of devices is to utilize external force and gravitational equilibrium, so that object suspends, be not microgravity truly, namely the difference of inertial acceleration and gravitational acceleration can't reach the acceleration of gravity much smaller than the place, ground.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve existing microgravity device, because having air resistance and existing external force to get involved, produce the problem of the microgravity environment that is not real meaning, the invention provides under the microgravity of a kind of ground material melting and welding experimental device and based on material melting and welding method under this device realization microgravity.
Material melting and welding experimental device under the microgravity of ground, it comprises vacuum system, thermal source, clamping casting device and snubber assembly,
Described vacuum system comprises vacuum chamber and vacuum extractor, and the aspirating hole of described vacuum chamber is communicated with the hole that vacuumizes of pumped vacuum systems,
Described thermal source is fixed on the center on internal vacuum chamber top, and described clamping casting device is fixed on the sidewall of internal vacuum chamber, and described snubber assembly places the internal vacuum chamber bottom surface, and snubber assembly be positioned at thermal source under.
Material melting and welding experimental device are realized material method of smelting under the microgravity under the microgravity of employing ground, its concrete steps are, at first, adopt the clamping casting device that test specimen is fixed, and test specimen is placed in the heating region of thermal source, adopt vacuum extractor that vacuum chamber is vacuumized, so that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber is in 5 * 10
-2Pa;
Then, the clamping casting device with test specimen with speed V
3Dish out vertically upward, and thermal source heats test specimen simultaneously, make the test specimen fusing, and guarantee that test specimen solidified before falling to snubber assembly, test specimen cushions through snubber assembly, is still in the upper surface of snubber assembly, finish the melting of material under the microgravity, described speed V
3Scope be from 0.5m/s to 3m/s.
Adopt that material melting and welding experimental device realize material welding method under the microgravity under the microgravity of ground, its concrete steps are,
At first, assembly is placed on the clamping casting device, and guarantees that assembly is in the heating region of thermal source, adopt vacuum extractor that vacuum chamber is vacuumized, so that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber is in 5 * 10
-2Pa;
Then, the clamping casting device is dished out assembly, that is: make assembly with horizontal initial rate V
1Initial velocity V vertically upward
2Motion, and thermal source heats assembly simultaneously, makes the assembly fusing, and guarantee that assembly solidifies in the process that falls, assembly whereabouts N in vacuum chamber cushioned through snubber assembly after second, be still in the upper surface of snubber assembly, finish the welding of material under the microgravity, described V
1Scope be from 0.008m/s to 0.015m/s, described V
2Scope be from 0.5m/s to 3m/s, the scope of described N is from 0.8 to 1.
Adopt material welding method under the above-mentioned microgravity, can realize the butt welding of microgravity material.
Adopt that material melting and welding experimental device realize material welding method under the microgravity under the microgravity of ground, its concrete steps are,
At first, assembly is placed on the clamping casting device, and guarantees that test specimen is in the heating region of thermal source, adopt vacuum extractor that vacuum chamber is vacuumized, so that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber is in 5 * 10
-2Pa;
Then, the clamping casting device discharges assembly, that is: make assembly do the movement of falling object, and thermal source heats simultaneously to assembly, make the assembly fusing, and guarantee that assembly solidifies in the process that falls, assembly whereabouts N in vacuum chamber through the snubber assembly buffering, is still in the upper surface of snubber assembly after second, finish the welding of material under the microgravity, the scope of described N is from 0.8 to 1.
Adopt material welding method under the above-mentioned microgravity, can realize spot welding and the soldering of microgravity material.
In ground environment, all close to the acceleration of gravity at this place, the two is poor acceleration of gravity much smaller than this ground, place only, therefore can realize the microgravity process for the inertial acceleration during the object free-falling and gravitational acceleration.
The beneficial effect that the present invention brings is, carry out microgravity experiment in vacuum chamber, can eliminate the resistance that produces with windage in the test specimen dropping process, microgravity realizes in the freely falling body process, test specimen not with other object contact, realized microgravity truly; Utilize the clamping casting device that test specimen is upwards dished out, effectively prolonged the time of microgravity experiment; Apparatus of the present invention can be passed through existing vacuum material process equipment transformation is realized, and are simple in structure, with low cost; This device can also carry out melting, spot welding, soldering and butt welding to multiple microgravity material.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of material melting and welding experimental device under the microgravity of ground of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: referring to Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, material melting and welding experimental device under the microgravity of the described ground of present embodiment, it comprises vacuum system, thermal source 2, clamping casting device 3 and snubber assembly 4,
Described vacuum system comprises vacuum chamber 1 and vacuum extractor 5, and the aspirating hole of described vacuum chamber is communicated with the hole that vacuumizes of pumped vacuum systems,
Described thermal source 2 is fixed on the center of vacuum chamber 1 inner tip, and described clamping casting device 3 is fixed on the sidewall of vacuum chamber 1 inside, and described snubber assembly 4 places vacuum chamber 1 inner bottom surface, and snubber assembly 4 be positioned at thermal source 2 under.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is described referring to Fig. 1, the difference of material melting and welding experimental device is under present embodiment and the embodiment one described ground microgravity, described thermal source 2 is the pulsed electron beam thermal source, and the current margin of pulsed electron beam thermal source is from 1mA to 200mA.
Embodiment three: referring to Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, adopts that material melting and welding experimental device realize that the difference of material method of smelting under the microgravity is under embodiment one or the two described ground microgravitys, its concrete steps are,
At first, adopt clamping casting device 3 that test specimen is fixed, and test specimen is placed in the heating region of thermal source 2, adopt 5 pairs of vacuum chambers 1 of vacuum extractor to vacuumize, so that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber 1 is in 5 * 10
-2Pa;
Then, clamping casting device 3 with test specimen with speed V
3Dish out vertically upward, and 2 pairs of test specimens of thermal source heat simultaneously, make the test specimen fusing, and guarantee that test specimen solidified before falling to snubber assembly 4, test specimen is still in the upper surface of snubber assembly 4 through snubber assembly 4 bufferings, finish the melting of material under the microgravity, described speed V
3Scope be from 0.5m/s to 3m/s.
Embodiment four: referring to Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the difference of material method of smelting is described speed V under present embodiment and the embodiment three described microgravitys
3Be 2m/s.
In the present embodiment, adopt clamping casting device 3 that the aluminium alloy test specimen of diameter 20mm, high 25mm is fixed, and make the melting position of aluminium alloy test specimen at the heating region of thermal source 2, adopt 5 pairs of vacuum chambers 1 of vacuum extractor to vacuumize, treat that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber 1 is in 5 * 10
-2Behind the Pa, clamping casting device 3 is dished out test specimen vertically upward with the speed of 2m/s, thermal source 2 adopts the 25mA line that instantaneous heating 0.4s is carried out at the melting position of aluminium alloy test specimen simultaneously, the fusing of aluminium alloy test specimen is rear behind vacuum chamber 1 interior continuation whereabouts 0.8s, through snubber assembly 4 bufferings, be still in the upper surface of snubber assembly 4, finish the melting of material under the microgravity.
Embodiment five: referring to Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, adopts that material melting and welding experimental device realize material welding method under the microgravity under embodiment one or the two described ground microgravitys, its concrete steps are,
At first, assembly is placed on the clamping casting device 3, and guarantees that assembly is in the heating region of thermal source 2, adopt 5 pairs of vacuum chambers 1 of vacuum extractor to vacuumize, so that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber 1 is in 5 * 10
-2Pa;
Then, clamping casting device 3 is dished out assembly, that is: make assembly with horizontal initial rate V
1Initial velocity V vertically upward
2Motion, and 2 pairs of assemblies of thermal source heat simultaneously, make the assembly fusing, and guarantee that assembly solidifies in the process that falls, assembly, cushions through snubber assembly 4 after second at vacuum chamber 1 interior whereabouts N, be still in the upper surface of snubber assembly 4, finish the welding of material under the microgravity, described V
1Scope be from 0.008m/s to 0.015m/s, described V
2Scope be from 0.5m/s to 3m/s, the scope of described N is from 0.8 to 1.
In the present embodiment, the horizontal initial rate V of assembly
1Be speed of welding.
Embodiment six: referring to Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the difference of material welding method is under present embodiment and the embodiment five described microgravitys, and the value of described N is 0.8.
Embodiment seven: referring to Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the difference of material welding method is described horizontal initial rate V under present embodiment and the embodiment five described microgravitys
1Value be 0.01m/s, initial velocity V vertically upward
2Value be 3m/s.
In the present embodiment, described horizontal initial rate V
1Be speed of welding.
After adopting the clamping casting device 3 flat aluminium alloy plate test specimens with two block length 20mm, wide 10mm, thick 3mm to dock along its length, be fixed on thermal source 2 heating regions, the weld seam that two flat aluminium alloy plate test specimens are formed is positioned under the thermal source 2;
Adopt 5 pairs of vacuum chambers 1 of vacuum extractor to vacuumize, treat that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber 1 is in 5 * 10
-2Behind the Pa, clamping casting device 3 is dished out two test specimens, make two test specimens with the vertical initial velocity motion of horizontal initial rate and the 3m/s of 0.01m/s, thermal source 2 heats with the 12mA line simultaneously, makes two test specimen interface fusings, forms weld seam, continue behind vacuum chamber 1 interior whereabouts 0.8s after two test specimen interface fusings, through snubber assembly 4 bufferings, be still in the upper surface of snubber assembly 4, finish the butt welding of material under the microgravity.
Embodiment eight: referring to Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, adopts that material melting and welding experimental device realize material welding method under the microgravity under embodiment one or the two described ground microgravitys, its concrete steps are,
At first, assembly is placed on the clamping casting device 3, and guarantees that test specimen is in the heating region of thermal source 2, adopt 5 pairs of vacuum chambers 1 of vacuum extractor to vacuumize, so that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber 1 is in 5 * 10
-2Pa;
Then, clamping casting device 3 discharges assembly, that is: make assembly do the movement of falling object, and 2 pairs of assemblies of thermal source heat simultaneously, make the assembly fusing, and guarantee that assembly solidifies in the process that falls, assembly after second, through snubber assembly 4 bufferings, is still in the upper surface of snubber assembly 4 at vacuum chamber 1 interior whereabouts N, finish the welding of material under the microgravity, the scope of described N is from 0.8 to 1.
Embodiment nine: referring to Fig. 1 present embodiment is described, the difference of material welding method is under present embodiment and the embodiment eight described microgravitys, and the value of described N is 0.8.
In the present embodiment, described assembly is that the stainless steel test specimen that 20mm, thickness are respectively 0.8mm and 5mm forms by two diameters, use stainless steel test specimen that clamping casting device 3 is respectively 0.8mm and 5mm as 20mm, thickness with two diameters up and down after the relative stack, and be fixed on the heating region of thermal source 2, adopt 5 pairs of vacuum chambers 1 of vacuum extractor to vacuumize, treat that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber 1 is in 5 * 10
-2Behind the Pa, clamping casting device 3 makes two stainless steel test specimens do the movement of falling object, and thermal source 2 carries out instantaneous heating 0.2s with the line of 25mA to the spot welding position of upper strata stainless steel test specimen simultaneously, makes the fusing of stainless steel test specimen and lower floor stainless steel test specimen formation spot welding molten bath; Two stainless steel test specimens through snubber assembly 4 bufferings, are still in the upper surface of snubber assembly 4 behind vacuum chamber 1 interior whereabouts 0.8s, finish the spot welding of material under the microgravity.
In the present embodiment, to be the circular hole of 4mm at the upper surface center of the TC4 thin plate of a block length 15mm, wide 15mm, high 3mm processing diameter, TC4 cylindrical plate outer wrapping a layer thickness with the high 3mm of another piece, diameter 3.95mm is 0.05mm Ag-Cu eutectic solder paper tinsel again, the TC4 cylindrical plate that parcel is finished is filled in the circular hole of TC4 thin plate, form assembly, use clamping casting device 3 that assembly is fixed on thermal source 2 heating regions;
Adopt 5 pairs of vacuum chambers 1 of vacuum extractor to vacuumize, treat that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber 1 is in 5 * 10
-2Behind the Pa, clamping casting device 3 makes assembly do the movement of falling object, the 30mA line heats 0.2s to the solder position of assembly to thermal source 2 under the pattern to defocus simultaneously, make the fusing of Ag-Cu eutectic solder, assembly is behind vacuum chamber 1 interior whereabouts 0.8s, through snubber assembly 4 bufferings, be still in the upper surface of snubber assembly 4, finish the soldering of material under the microgravity.
Claims (9)
1. material melting and welding experimental device under the microgravity of ground is characterized in that, it comprises vacuum system, thermal source (2), clamping casting device (3) and snubber assembly (4),
Described vacuum system comprises vacuum chamber (1) and vacuum extractor (5), and the aspirating hole of described vacuum chamber is communicated with the hole that vacuumizes of pumped vacuum systems,
Described thermal source (2) is fixed on the center of vacuum chamber (1) inner tip, described clamping casting device (3) is fixed on the inner sidewall of vacuum chamber (1), described snubber assembly (4) places vacuum chamber (1) inner bottom surface, and snubber assembly (4) be positioned at thermal source (2) under.
2. material melting and welding experimental device under the microgravity of ground according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described thermal source (2) is the pulsed electron beam thermal source, and the current margin of pulsed electron beam thermal source is from 1mA to 200mA.
3. adopt that material melting and welding experimental device realize material method of smelting under the microgravity under claim 1 or the 2 described ground microgravitys, it is characterized in that, its concrete steps are,
At first, adopt clamping casting device (3) that test specimen is fixed, and test specimen is placed in the heating region of thermal source (2), adopt vacuum extractor (5) that vacuum chamber (1) is vacuumized, so that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber (1) is in 5 * 10
-2Pa;
Then, clamping casting device (3) with test specimen with speed V
3Dish out vertically upward, and thermal source (2) heats test specimen simultaneously, make the test specimen fusing, and guarantee that test specimen solidifies before falling to snubber assembly (4), test specimen cushions through snubber assembly (4), be still in the upper surface of snubber assembly (4), finish the melting of material under the microgravity, described speed V
3Scope be from 0.5m/s to 3m/s.
4. material method of smelting under the microgravity according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described speed V
3Be 2m/s.
5. adopt that material melting and welding experimental device realize material welding method under the microgravity under claim 1 or the 2 described ground microgravitys, it is characterized in that, its concrete steps are,
At first, assembly is placed on the clamping casting device (3), and guarantees that assembly is in the heating region of thermal source (2), adopt vacuum extractor (5) that vacuum chamber (1) is vacuumized, so that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber (1) is in 5 * 10
-2Pa;
Then, clamping casting device (3) is dished out assembly, that is: make assembly with horizontal initial rate V
1Initial velocity V vertically upward
2Motion, and thermal source (2) heats assembly simultaneously, make the assembly fusing, and guarantee that assembly solidifies in the process that falls, assembly whereabouts N in vacuum chamber (1) through snubber assembly (4) buffering, is still in the upper surface of snubber assembly (4) after second, finish the welding of material under the microgravity, described V
1Scope be from 0.008m/s to 0.015m/s, described V
2Scope be from 0.5m/s to 3m/s, the scope of described N is from 0.8 to 1.
6. material welding method under the microgravity according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the value of described N is 0.8.
7. material welding method under the microgravity according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described horizontal initial rate V
1Value be 0.01m/s, initial velocity V vertically upward
2Value be 3m/s.
8. adopt that material melting and welding experimental device realize material welding method under the microgravity under claim 1 or the 2 described ground microgravitys, it is characterized in that, its concrete steps are,
At first, assembly is placed on the clamping casting device (3), and guarantees that test specimen is in the heating region of thermal source (2), adopt vacuum extractor (5) that vacuum chamber (1) is vacuumized, so that the low vacuum of vacuum chamber (1) is in 5 * 10
-2Pa;
Then, clamping casting device (3) discharges assembly, that is: make assembly do the movement of falling object, and thermal source (2) heats simultaneously to assembly, make the assembly fusing, and guarantee that assembly solidifies in the process that falls, assembly whereabouts N in vacuum chamber (1) through snubber assembly (4) buffering, is still in the upper surface of snubber assembly (4) after second, finish the welding of material under the microgravity, the scope of described N is from 0.8 to 1.
9. material welding method under the microgravity according to claim 8 is characterized in that, the value of described N is 0.8.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107695359A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-02-16 | 西北工业大学 | The molten drop clotting method that microgravity is quenched integrated with liquid |
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Patent Citations (6)
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| JPH03155480A (en) * | 1989-08-28 | 1991-07-03 | Hitachi Ltd | Partial vacuum electron beam welding equipment and its method and evacuating device |
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| CN107695359A (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2018-02-16 | 西北工业大学 | The molten drop clotting method that microgravity is quenched integrated with liquid |
| CN107695359B (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2020-03-31 | 西北工业大学 | Microgravity and liquid quenching integrated metal droplet solidification method |
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