Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is, provides a kind of inhibiting AChE detecting carbamates.
Another object of the present invention is, provides a kind of inhibiting AChE detecting the multiple carbamate containing amino structure such as urethanes, carbamic acid propyl ester, butyl carbamate.
Invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose.
First, invention provides a kind of inhibiting AChE of carbamates, and described enzyme is acetylcholinesterase; Adopt acetylthiocholine iodide as enzymolysis substrate, adopt dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid as developer.
Preferably, described urethanes class is that amino ethyl amino propyl formate, butyl carbamate etc. are multiple containing amino carbamate.
Especially preferred, described urethanes, before suppressing acetylcholinesterase, is also first oxidized through the process of oxygenant.
Described oxygenant is one or more in sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, bromine water, sodium bromate, sodium chlorate, hydrogen peroxide, bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution.
Described urethanes, after oxidation, need reduce with excessive reductive agent.
To particularly, said method comprising the steps of:
S1. pre-service: after adopting oxygenant to be oxidized the target to be measured containing urethanes, then reduce;
S2., in S1 pretreatment product, add acetylcholinesterase and acetylthiocholine iodide, react;
S3., in S2 reaction product, add dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid and develop the color.
More specifically, comprise the following steps:
S1. pre-service: add bromine preparation in containing the target to be measured of urethanes, after oxidation 5-30min (preferably 10-25min), reduces with 5-15% sodium nitrite solution;
S2. in S1 pretreatment product, acetylcholinesterase is added, 25-40 DEG C of reaction 10-30min;
S3. in S2 reaction product, add dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid and acetylthiocholine iodide, after colour developing, under wavelength 405-415nm, measure light absorption value; Preferred 412nm.
The amount ratio of acetylcholinesterase wherein, dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid, acetylthiocholine iodide and bromine is 1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3:1 ~ 3.
Preferably, acetylcholine ester enzyme concentration is 10-15mg/ml, and consumption is 50-150ul; Dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid concentration is 5-10mg/ml, and consumption is 50-150ul; Acetylthiocholine iodide concentration is 5-10mg/ml, and consumption is 50-150ul; The concentration of bromine water is 3-10%, and consumption is 50-100ul.
Bromine preparation wherein and the amount ratio of sodium nitrite are volume ratio 1:1 ~ 1:5.
Preferably, the massfraction of above-mentioned adopted sodium nitrite solution is 5-15%(preferably 7-12%).
Preferably, bromine preparation is bromine water, or bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution.Alternatively, the massfraction of bromine water is 3% ~ 10%; The concentration of described bromine water is massfraction 3% ~ 10%; In bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution, the massfraction of bromine is 2% ~ 10%, and the concentration of NaOH is 0.003mol/L ~ 0.3mol/L.
Can preferred following bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution: by the NaOH of the bromine water of massfraction 3% ~ 10% and concentration 0.01 ~ 0.1mol/L, be that 5:0.2 ~ 5:1.6 mixes according to the volume ratio of bromine water and NaOH.
As wherein a kind of method of testing, the inhibiting AChE of quick detection ethyl carbamate content provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) in test tube, add 5ml urethanes standard solution (1mg/L), then add 20-200ul bromine preparation, after oxidation 5-30min, reduce with 60-600ul 5-15% sodium nitrite;
(2) 50-200ul acetylcholinesterase and 50-200ul dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid is added, in 30-40 DEG C of water-bath 10-30min;
(3) add 50-200ul acetylthiocholine iodide, immediately in wavelength 405-415nm place 1cm cuvette colorimetric after mixing, record 3min absorbance is worth △ A over time
0and △ A
1.
The invention provides a kind of method for detecting urethanes fast.This method take acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate, dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) is developer, the acetylcholinesterase of vigor >200U/g, uses oxidizing urethanes, then can measure the inhibiting rate of urethanes to enzyme fast by spectrophotometric method.
Oxidizing urethanes is first used in invention, be substrate again with acetylthiocholine iodide, dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) is developer, the acetylcholinesterase of vigor >200U/g carries out enzyme reaction, absorbance can be measured fast with spectrophotometer must change, thus calculate the inhibiting rate of urethanes, concrete step is:
Described urethanes, purity more than 99%, wins biological company limited purchased from phenanthrene.
Enzyme is the acetylcholinesterase of the vigor >200U/g winning biological company limited purchased from phenanthrene.Substrate is the acetylthiocholine iodide winning biological company limited purchased from phenanthrene.
One of innovative point of the present invention is to make use of the inhibiting effect of urethanes to acetylcholinesterase.Prior art discloses and select 2,6-dichloroindophenol acetic acid esters is substrate, but, inventor finds in the acetylcholine ester enzyme level detection method of urethanes, adopts above-mentioned this substrate, has a series of defect, such as: 2, the non-common reagent of 6-dichloroindophenol acetic acid esters, not easily buys and cost is high, or needs recrystallization to be prepared.And the present invention to choose with acetylthiocholine iodide be substrate, dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) is developer, has that cost is low, color stability; Except this, it is short that this method detects the used time, and namely 3min can be observed suppression situation, measures the content of urethanes.
Two of innovative point of the present invention is to adopt suitable oxygenant to be oxidized urethanes, substantially increases the susceptibility of acetylcholinesterase to urethanes oxidation product, improves the sensitivity of method.Inventor compared for multiple oxygenant, comprises sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, bromine water, bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution, sodium bromate, sodium chlorate, hydrogen peroxide etc.Different oxygenants effect is in the method different, and wherein sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, bromine water, bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution can significantly improve the inhibiting rate of urethanes to acetylcholinesterase, and other oxygenants then to no effect.
It should be noted that, although the embodiment of the present invention is all using urethanes as research object, but because principle of the present invention is: hypochlorite (as sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite etc.), hypobromite and the halogen such as bromine, chlorine simple substance can introduce one or two bromine/chlorine on the amino of urethanes, generate one chloro/bromo or dichloro-/bromo urethanes.As long as containing amino carbamates, all one chloro/bromo or dichloro-/bromo carbamates can be formed by the oxidation of oxygenant, thus suppress acetylcholinesterase further.Therefore, those skilled in the art can unambiguously know by inference, and the carbamate containing amino structure such as urethanes, carbamic acid propyl ester, butyl carbamate can be applicable to method of the present invention and detect.
Inhibiting AChE of the present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages:
(1) the present invention reacts substrate acetylthiocholine iodide used, and developer dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) cost is low, and method is simple and quick.
(2) the present invention adopts oxidizing urethanes, makes originally to significantly improve the urethanes inhibiting rate of this acetylcholinesterase unrestraint, and detectability significantly reduces, and can reach 1mg/L.
(3) reaction conditions gentleness of the present invention is easy to control, and step is simple, and equipment needed thereby is few, is easy to operation.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in more detail.But these embodiments can not form limiting the scope of the invention.
The inhibiting rate addressed in embodiment, is the suppression situation of urethanes to acetylcholine esterase active, is proportionate with the concentration of urethanes.In the solution of pH7-9, acetylthiocholine iodide, by acetylcholine ester enzyme hydrolysis, generates thiocholine.Thiocholine and developer dithiobis-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB) react, and produce yellow substance.Be worth over time by the absorbance at spectrophotometric determination 412nm place, calculate inhibiting rate, the content of urethanes can be obtained.By following formulae discovery inhibiting rate (E):
Inhibiting rate (E)=[(△ A
0-△ A
1)/△ A
0] × 100%
In formula: △ A
0--the changing value of contrast solution reaction 3min absorbance; △ A
1--the changing value of sample solution reaction 3min absorbance.
Embodiment 1:
(1) add in test tube 5mL EC standard solution (20g/L, excessive) (0.1mol/L, pH9.0 phosphate buffered saline);
(2) 50-200ul acetylcholinesterase (13mg/mL) and 50-200ul DTNB(10mg/mL is added), in 30-40 DEG C of water-bath 10-30min;
(3) add 50-200ul acetylthiocholine iodide (10mg/mL), immediately in wavelength 412nm place 1cm cuvette colorimetric after mixing, compare with the damping fluid not containing EC.Record 3min absorbance is worth △ A over time
0and △ A
1.A
0=0.3830, △ A
1=0.3910, excessive EC to acetylcholinesterase unrestraint effect.
Embodiment 2:
(1) in test tube, add 5mL EC standard solution (20g/L, excessive) (0.1mol/L, pH9.0 phosphate buffered saline), then add 20-200ul bromine preparation (bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution) and be oxidized 10-20min, reduce with 60-600ul 5-15% sodium nitrite; In the bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution adopted, the massfraction of bromine is 3%, and the concentration of NaOH is 0.001mol/L.
(2) 50-200ul acetylcholinesterase (13mg/mL) and 50-200ul DTNB(10mg/mL is added), in 30-40 DEG C of water-bath 10-30min;
(3) add 50-200ul acetylthiocholine iodide (10mg/mL), immediately in wavelength 412nm place 1cm cuvette colorimetric after mixing, compare with the damping fluid not containing EC.Record 3min absorbance is worth A over time
0and △ A
1.A
0=0.3830, △ A
1=-0.0063, through the excessive EC of bromine preparation oxidation, inhibiting rate significantly improves, and reaches 101.64 %.
Embodiment 3:
(1) in test tube, add 5ml EC standard solution (2mg/L), then add 20-200ul oxygenant (bromine preparation) and be oxidized 10-20min, reduce with 60-600ul 5-15% sodium nitrite; Bromine preparation is bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution; In the bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution adopted, the massfraction of bromine is 5%, and the concentration of NaOH is 0.002mol/L.
(2) 50-200ul acetylcholinesterase (13mg/mL) and 50-200ul DTNB(10mg/mL is added), in 30-40 DEG C of water-bath 10-30min;
(3) add 50-200ul acetylthiocholine iodide (10mg/mL), immediately in wavelength 412nm place 1cm cuvette colorimetric after mixing, compare with the damping fluid not containing EC.Record 3min absorbance is worth A over time
0and △ A
1.A
0=0.3830, △ A
1=0.23635, through the EC standard solution of oxidizing 2mg/L, inhibiting rate can reach 38.29%
Embodiment 4:
(4) (1) adds 5ml EC standard solution (1mg/L) in test tube, then adds 20-200ul oxygenant (bromine preparation) and be oxidized 10-20min, reduces with 60-600ul 5-15% sodium nitrite; Bromine preparation is bromine water-sodium hydroxide solution; Bromine water-the sodium hydroxide solution adopted, the massfraction of bromine is 10%, and the concentration of NaOH is 0.003mol/L.
(2) 50-200ul acetylcholinesterase (13mg/mL) and 50-200ul DTNB is added, in 30-40 DEG C of water-bath 10-30min;
(3) add 50-200ul acetylthiocholine iodide, immediately in wavelength 412nm place 1cm cuvette colorimetric after mixing, compare with the damping fluid not containing EC.Record 3min absorbance is worth A over time
0and △ A
1.A
0=0.3830, △ A
1=0.28065, through the EC standard solution of oxidizing 2mg/L, inhibiting rate can reach 26.72%.
Can be found out by embodiment 1-4, EC(20g/L, excessive) to acetylcholinesterase unrestraint effect, but after the oxidation of bromine preparation, not only make script to the EC of acetylcholinesterase unrestraint effect to which creating suppression, and inhibiting rate is significantly improved, 2mg/L EC inhibiting rate can reach 38.29%, 1mg/L EC inhibiting rate can reach 26.72%.If using to acetylcholine ester enzyme inhibition rate 15% as detecting standard, then use this method <1mg/L EC can be detected.This method makes the detectability of urethanes greatly reduce, and makes inhibiting AChE detect urethanes and has more actual application value containing amino carbamates.
Embodiment 5:
As embodiment 2, but have employed multiple different oxygenant and replace, detect the detection line under different condition, result is as shown in table 1.
The selection and comparison of the different oxygenant of table 1.
。