CN103323276B - Method for fast detection and evaluation of cross-section characteristic of concrete bridge - Google Patents
Method for fast detection and evaluation of cross-section characteristic of concrete bridge Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004836 empirical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for fast detection and evaluation of the cross-section characteristic of a concrete bridge. The method for the fast detection and evaluation of the cross-section characteristic of the concrete bridge comprises the following steps that (1) strain pieces or strain meters are adhered to the upper edge of a caring section and to the lower edge of the caring section according to the loading characteristic of a structure to be detected; (2) theoretical values of relevant parameters are calculated; (3) the strain increment value of each measuring point is measured by a strain gage before loading and after loading; (4) the position of an actual measurement neutral axis of the caring section and the flexural rigidity of the caring section are calculated; (5) an eccentric load is applied to a component, and actual effective stress area of the section is calculated; (6) a result is finally calculated according to test results in the step (4) and in the step (5); (7) the specific loading method of the structure can be a vehicle load, or external force and the like, and the difference value of two stages of loads can be used as the internal force in the test; (8) the step (3), the step (4), the step (5) and the step (6) are repeated, results are calculated respectively, and an average value is obtained. The method for the fast detection and evaluation of the cross-section characteristic of the concrete bridge has the advantages that mechanics concepts are clear, operation is simple, and the results are accurate and reliable. The method for the fast detection and evaluation of the cross-section characteristic of the concrete bridge can be mastered by engineering technicians easily.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to and belong to bridge and Structural Engineering field, be specifically related to a kind of quick detecting appraisal method of concrete-bridge cross section property.
Background technology
Concrete-bridge is in construction and operation process, and due to the error work in construction, the factor impacts such as the damage of operation process middle section and deterioration, cause cross section property to change.
Evaluation xoncrete structure cross section conventional is at present worsened or the method for damage mainly contains: (1) Visual Inspection+empirical method.The method mainly according to relevant old bridge test assessment technology standard, to the presentation quality of structure with the naked eye or instrument detect, then according to the parameter of the program computation structure of relevant criterion; (2) ultrasonic Detection Method.Ultrasound examination is detection method conventional in current xoncrete structure, is mainly divided into: concrete strength inspection ultrasonic-resilience comprehensively surveys strong method, concrete density and integrity detection, crack depth of concrete detection etc.; (3) loading test method.The method is mainly according to the loading characteristic of structure, be concerned about that cross section applies the internal force that one approximates design load effect to structure, and the strain and displacement situation of test structure, the checkout coefficient of structure is calculated in conjunction with corresponding theoretical value, be safety when checkout coefficient is not more than 1, otherwise be then dangerous.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention will provide a kind of concrete-bridge cross section property quick detecting appraisal method exactly, quick detecting appraisal method mechanical concept provided by the invention is clear, simple to operate, result accurately and reliably, be easy to be grasped by engineering technical personnel, quick detecting appraisal when being applicable to Quality Identification in concrete bridge construction process or occurring damage or worsen.
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of quick detecting appraisal method of concrete bridge structure cross section property extent of deviation, it comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the loading characteristic of structure to be detected, select to be concerned about some places, cross section, on care cross section, lower edge pastes foil gauge or strainometer;
(2) size of measuring structure controlling sections, calculates the theoretical value (as: A of correlation parameter
theoretical, EI
theoretical, X
theoretical) etc., and record the particular location of foil gauge or strainometer; Assuming that current structure is concerned about that the Z-factor of each parameter in cross section is α
1, α
2, α
3;
(3) according to the loading characteristic of structure, give and be concerned about that cross section applies one not containing the moment of flexure effect M of axle power
j1, the strain increment value of each measuring point before and after loading with strain-gauge test;
(4) the actual measurement position of neutral axis and bendind rigidity: X of being concerned about cross section is calculated according to plane cross-section assumption and resilient material theory of mechanics
actual measurement=
, owing to there is error in test process, suggestion actual measurement bendind rigidity is averaged
;
(5) an eccentric load N is applied to this component
j, M
j2, consistent when making tension side and step (3), the strain increment value of each measuring point before and after loading with strain-gauge test; The actual effectively lifting surface area of computing nodes, owing to can there is test error in test process, advises that effective lifting surface area is averaged,
;
(6) test findings in integrating step (4), (5), finally calculates
,
,
, complete the detecting appraisal being concerned about cross section property extent of deviation;
(7) load mode that structure is concrete can be vehicular load, external force etc., and in order to improve measuring accuracy, eliminate the impact of initial value in test process, the internal force in test can select the difference of two-stage load, and namely N, M are respectively
,
, now corresponding strain testing result is also taken as
;
(8) repeat (3)-(6) step, then calculate the corresponding Z-factor of cross section geometric characteristic sum of each test respectively, finally average, geometric properties and mechanical characteristic that this structure is concerned about cross section can be evaluated quantitatively.
This step is applicable to statically determinate structure, iteration technique should be adopted to solve for hyperstatic structure, and the actual measurement characteristic value being about to the care cross section of calculating substitutes in stiffness matrix, then repeats (3)-(5) step, until X
actual measurement, EI
actual measurement, A
actual measurementnumerical convergence to satisfied, finally calculate α
1, α
2, α
3.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: quick detecting appraisal method mechanical concept provided by the invention is clear, simple to operate, result accurately and reliably, be easy to be grasped by engineering technical personnel, quick detecting appraisal when being applicable to Quality Identification in concrete bridge construction process or occurring damage or worsen.
parameter declaration
A---area of section, unit: mm
2;
E---test structure elasticity modulus of materials, unit: MPa;
I---cross sectional moment of inertia, unit: mm
4;
X---cross-sectional neutral axis height (apart from cross section most lower edge distance), unit: mm;
H---depth of section, unit: mm;
C
s---cross section near upper limb measuring point apart from cross section most upper limb distance, unit: mm;
C
x---cross section near lower edge measuring point apart from cross section most lower edge distance, unit: mm;
(or
)---cross section near upper limb measuring point normal strain (or strain increment), unit:
;
(or
)---cross section near lower edge measuring point normal strain (or strain increment), unit:
;
M
j1(or
)---girder moment of flexure (or moment of flexure increment) under vertical uniform load q, unit
.
N(or
), M
j2(or
)---girder axle power (or axle power increment), moment of flexure (or moment of flexure increment) under Under Eccentric Loading, unit is respectively: KN,
.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the test beam ordinary construction figure front view in the present invention,
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 left view,
Fig. 3 is that the mid span moment in the present invention loads schematic diagram,
Fig. 4 is that the span centre eccentric load in the present invention loads schematic diagram,
Fig. 5 is the cored slab ordinary construction figure front view in the present invention,
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 5,
Fig. 7 is the loading schematic diagram in the present invention.
Accompanying drawing illustrate in accompanying drawing size all with millimeter (mm) for unit.
Embodiment
A kind of quick detecting appraisal method of concrete bridge structure cross section property extent of deviation, it comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the loading characteristic of structure to be detected, select to be concerned about some places, cross section, on care cross section, lower edge pastes foil gauge or strainometer;
(2) size of measuring structure controlling sections, calculates the theoretical value (as: A of correlation parameter
theoretical, EI
theoretical, X
theoretical) etc., and record the particular location of foil gauge or strainometer; Assuming that current structure is concerned about that the Z-factor of each parameter in cross section is α
1, α
2, α
3;
(3) according to the loading characteristic of structure, give and be concerned about that cross section applies one not containing the moment of flexure effect M of axle power
j1, the strain increment value of each measuring point before and after loading with strain-gauge test;
(4) the actual measurement position of neutral axis and bendind rigidity: X of being concerned about cross section is calculated according to plane cross-section assumption and resilient material theory of mechanics
actual measurement=
, owing to there is error in test process, suggestion actual measurement bendind rigidity is averaged
;
(5) an eccentric load N is applied to this component
j, M
j2, consistent when making tension side and step (3), the strain increment value of each measuring point before and after loading with strain-gauge test; The actual effectively lifting surface area of computing nodes, owing to can there is test error in test process, advises that effective lifting surface area is averaged,
;
(6) test findings in integrating step (4), (5), finally calculates
,
,
, complete the detecting appraisal being concerned about cross section property extent of deviation;
(7) load mode that structure is concrete can be vehicular load, external force etc., and in order to improve measuring accuracy, eliminate the impact of initial value in test process, the internal force in test can select the difference of two-stage load, and namely N, M are respectively
,
, now corresponding strain testing result is also taken as
;
(8) repeat (3)-(6) step, then calculate the corresponding Z-factor of cross section geometric characteristic sum of each test respectively, finally average, geometric properties and mechanical characteristic that this structure is concerned about cross section can be evaluated quantitatively.
This step is applicable to statically determinate structure, iteration technique should be adopted to solve for hyperstatic structure, and the actual measurement characteristic value being about to the care cross section of calculating substitutes in stiffness matrix, then repeats (3)-(5) step, until X
actual measurement, EI
actual measurement, A
actual measurementnumerical convergence to satisfied, finally calculate α
1, α
2, α
3.
Illustrate for two specific embodiments below
embodiment one
Be the test beam ordinary construction figure of shop experiment partially prestressed concrete rectangular model beam as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
As required, operate according to following steps:
1, according to the loading characteristic of this structure, select this test beam spaning middle section, paste foil gauge respectively at the upper and lower edge of spaning middle section;
2, the sectional dimension of measuring structure, in conjunction with design drawing, and calculate spaning middle section rigidity (EI) and and property axle height (X);
Spaning middle section elasticity theory result of calculation
Area A (mm 2) | Rigidity EI (× 10 14mm 4) | Neutral axis height X (mm) |
300000 | 8.625 | 50.0 |
3, near its spaning middle section, upper limb lifting jack loads, and loads successively according to the size of load classification, and load icon as shown in Figure 3.
4, according to the test findings in step (3), (4), calculate actual measurement bendind rigidity and the neutral axis height of structure, and calculate α
2, α
3, as following table 1(prestressed concrete air slab veneer static test):
Table 1
Class of loading (KNm) | EI Actual measurement(×10 14mm 4) | X Actual measurement(mm) |
37.5 | 8.918 | 527.5 |
75 | 8.701 | 514.4 |
112.5 | 8.834 | 495.7 |
150 | 8.975 | 521.2 |
187.5 | 8.735 | 539.3 |
225 | 8.897 | 513.4 |
262.5 | 8.941 | 519.6 |
300 | 8.721 | 531.4 |
Mean value | 8.829 | 520.3 |
With the difference of design load | 102.4% | 104.1% |
α 2=0.024 | α 3=0.041 |
5, by stretch-draw external prestressing steel hinge line, an eccentric load is applied to this test beam, as shown in Figure 4.
6, according to the test findings in step (5), calculate the effective lifting surface area of actual measurement of structure, and calculate corresponding parameter alpha
1, as table 2(eccentric load test findings):
Table 2
embodiment two
Be the cored slab ordinary construction figure of certain Class I highway 13 meters of prefabricated concrete hollow slab bridge single-beam static tests as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6.
As required, operate according to following steps:
1, according to the loading characteristic of this structure, select this cored slab spaning middle section, paste foil gauge respectively at the upper and lower edge of spaning middle section;
2, measure the sectional dimension of structure, in conjunction with design drawing, and calculate spaning middle section rigidity (EI) and and property axle height (X), as table 3(spaning middle section elasticity theory result of calculation):
Table 3
Area A (mm 2) | Rigidity EI (mm 4) | Neutral axis height X (mm) |
485400 | 9.9225×10 14 | 346.2 |
3, according to test site, all spread skim fine sand on cored slab top, and count its weight, then on its top, use steel plate and sand pocket, load successively according to the size of load classification, load icon as shown in Figure 7.
4, according to the test findings in step (3), (4), calculate actual measurement bendind rigidity and the neutral axis height of structure, and calculate α
2, α
3, as table 4(prestressed concrete air slab veneer results of dead load):
Table 4
Class of loading (KNm) | EI Actual measurement(×10 14mm 4) | X Actual measurement(mm) |
118.9 | 10.699 | 331.2 |
237.7 | 10.646 | 335.2 |
335.7 | 10.656 | 331.2 |
433.7 | 10.519 | 328.5 |
510.8 | 10.423 | 339.1 |
588 | 10.164 | 332.7 |
644.3 | 10.035 | 342.2 |
700.6 | 9.882 | 352.0 |
Mean value | 10.407 | 336.5 |
With the difference (%) of design load | 104.6% | 97.2% |
α 2=0.046 | α 3=-0.028 |
Claims (2)
1. the quick detecting appraisal method of concrete bridge structure cross section property extent of deviation, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the loading characteristic of structure to be detected, choice structure is concerned about some places, cross section, is concerned about that on cross section, lower edge pastes foil gauge or strainometer in structure;
(2) measuring structure is concerned about the size in cross section, calculates theoretical value: A
theoretical, E
i
theoreticaland X
theoretical, and record the particular location of foil gauge or strainometer; Assuming that current structure is concerned about that the Z-factor of each parameter in cross section is α
1, α
2, α
3;
(3) according to the loading characteristic of structure, be concerned about that cross section applies one not containing the moment of flexure effect M of axle power to structure
j1, the strain increment value of each measuring point before and after loading with strain-gauge test;
(4) calculate according to plane cross-section assumption and resilient material theory of mechanics actual measurement position of neutral axis and bendind rigidity: the X that structure is concerned about cross section
actual measurement=
, owing to there is error in test process, actual measurement bendind rigidity is averaged
;
(5) eccentric load N, a M is applied to this structure
j2, consistent when making tension side and step (3), the strain increment value of each measuring point before and after loading with strain-gauge test; Computation structure is concerned about the actual effectively lifting surface area in cross section, and owing to can there is test error in test process, effective lifting surface area is averaged,
;
(6) test findings in integrating step (4), (5), finally calculates
,
,
, complete the detecting appraisal that structure is concerned about cross section property extent of deviation;
(7) load mode that structure is concrete is external force;
(8) repeat (3)-(6) step, then calculate the corresponding Z-factor of cross section geometric characteristic sum of each test respectively, finally average, geometric properties and mechanical characteristic that this structure is concerned about cross section can be evaluated quantitatively;
Each meaning of parameters is as follows:
A---area of section, unit: mm
2;
E---test structure elasticity modulus of materials, unit: MPa;
I---cross sectional moment of inertia, unit: mm
4;
X---cross-sectional neutral axis height, unit: mm;
H---depth of section, unit: mm;
C
s---cross section near upper limb measuring point apart from cross section most upper limb distance, unit: mm;
C
x---cross section near lower edge measuring point apart from cross section most lower edge distance, unit: mm;
---cross section near upper limb measuring point normal strain, unit:
;
---cross section near lower edge measuring point normal strain, unit:
;
M
j1---girder moment of flexure under vertical uniform load q, unit
;
N---girder axle power under Under Eccentric Loading, unit K N;
M
j2---girder moment of flexure under Under Eccentric Loading, unit
.
2. the quick detecting appraisal method of a kind of concrete bridge structure cross section property extent of deviation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the method step is applicable to statically determinate structure, iteration technique should be adopted to solve for hyperstatic structure, the structure being about to calculate is concerned about that the actual measurement characteristic value in cross section substitutes in stiffness matrix, then (3)-(5) step is repeated, until X
actual measurement, E
i
actual measurement, A
actual measurementnumerical convergence to satisfied, finally calculate α
1, α
2, α
3.
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