CN103319820B - The preparation method of a kind of Graphene and composite conducting polymer material - Google Patents
The preparation method of a kind of Graphene and composite conducting polymer material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103319820B CN103319820B CN201310250598.5A CN201310250598A CN103319820B CN 103319820 B CN103319820 B CN 103319820B CN 201310250598 A CN201310250598 A CN 201310250598A CN 103319820 B CN103319820 B CN 103319820B
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Abstract
The present invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of Graphene and composite conducting polymer material.First be that graphene oxide is coated in by solution on the surface of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder particle, then by these powder under without any the condition of protective atmosphere 200 DEG C of mold pressings 2 hours.In stamping of powder moulding process, the graphene oxide between polymer powder, by in-situ reducing, forms two-dimensional channel in matrices of composite material, thus makes the matrix material be produced have very high conductivity under the condition of low levels conductive filler material.This compression molding and in-situ reducing one step complete the method that preparation has a matrix material of isolating construction and have simple, environmental friendliness, feature with low cost, and the conducing composite material for preparation with isolating construction provides new way, has application prospect.
Description
Technical field
That the present invention relates to is the preparation method of a kind of polymkeric substance and graphene conductive composite material.
Background technology
As everyone knows, in common polymer matrix conductive matrix material, the conductive filler material that often will add high filler loading capacity could realize the electroconductibility of matrix material.But high filler loading capacity will cause the problems such as the cost of matrix material increases, poor processability, mechanical properties decrease.Therefore obtain higher specific conductivity with less conductive filler material is the target that people pursue always.The research in recent years with the polymer base conductive composite material of isolating construction gets more and more people's extensive concerning.In the matrix material of this structure, conductive filler material is applied to polymer beads sub-surface and forms two-dimentional conductive network, thus makes matrix material obtain higher specific conductivity when lower conductive filler material.Graphene has very high electroconductibility.Because it has very high specific surface, in the polymkeric substance that only a small amount of Graphene need be incorporated into insulation, it just can be made to become conducing composite material.Recently, Graphene is incorporated in polymeric matrix the conducing composite material made and have isolating construction by some researchists.The people such as Pang (Pang H, Chen T, ZhangGM, Zeng BQ, Li ZM.Mater Lett2010; 64:2226) utilize the dispersion of Graphene in water/ethanol then hot pressing make the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene/graphite alkene conducing composite material with isolating construction.The people such as Du (Du JH, Zhao L, Zeng Y, Zhang LL, Li F, Liu PF.Carbon2011; 49:1094-100) also report similar preparation method.But in these methods, directly dispersion Graphene in the solution inevitably forms aggregate in stirring and ultrasonic procedure, causes the coating of Graphene on polymer particle surface uneven, thus reduces the conductivity of matrix material.In order to avoid Graphene forms aggregate in coating procedure, publication number is disclose in the Chinese patent document of CN102585335A a kind ofly first graphene oxide to be coated in polymer beads sub-surface and then to carry out the two-step approach of reducing, the single stage method of the people such as Pang with Du is compared above, effectively prevent the reunion of Graphene, further increase the electroconductibility of matrix material.
Recently, the people such as Tang (
tang H,
ehlert GJ,
lin Y,
sodano HA.Nano Lett.2012; 12:84-90) reporting one is dispersed in polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) matrix by graphene oxide by solution method, and then 200 ° of C hot pressing, the graphene oxide in matrix is become Graphene by in-situ reducing.This simple, eco-friendly preparation method is that the large-scale production of polymer/graphene composite material provides new approach.But the Graphene prepared due to them is without being dispersed in polymeric matrix with returning, therefore the poorly conductive of this matrix material, can not application requiring be met.If we first graphene oxide is coated in polymer beads sub-surface then by it at hot pressing situ redox graphene, make Graphene/polymkeric substance two dimension conductive composite material with isolating construction, the electroconductibility of matrix material can be increased substantially undoubtedly, significant to practical application.But the work of this respect there is no report at home and abroad at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one neither to need any shielding gas or vacuum condition, also without any need for chemical reducing agent redox graphene, reduction and mold pressing once complete, simple and practical Graphene and the preparation method of composite conducting polymer material.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A. the preparation of graphene oxide: according to Graphite Powder 99 2-3g, SODIUMNITRATE 1-1.5g, three is mixed to get mixed solution by the ratio of vitriol oil 350-375ml, by 10-12g potassium permanganate in stirring with remain and slowly join in described solution under temperature is lower than the cooling conditions of 20 DEG C, go to the ionized water that adds 250-375ml be continuously agitated 30 minutes under the water-bath of 35 DEG C after and be warmed up to 97 DEG C, stir after 30 minutes, reaction terminating is made by the hydrogen peroxide adding deionized water and 60 milliliter 30%, mixing solutions is filtered and uses the HCl aqueous solution of 5% and water to clean, graphene oxide is obtained after drying,
B. the coating of graphene oxide: graphite oxide is placed in after deionized water for ultrasonic disperses 3 hours and obtains the graphene oxide water solution that homodisperse concentration is 0.1mg/ml, 2g polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder is joined in graphene oxide water solution described in 27-330ml, at the temperature of 80 DEG C and mechanical stirring, solution moisture content testing is evaporated, the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of oxidized Graphene coating under the vacuum of 80 DEG C dry 24 hours, obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of graphene oxide coating;
C. compression molding: without any under the condition of gas shield; on the press that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies is placed in 200 DEG C, mold pressing is after 2 hours, takes out air cooling obtain the Graphene and composite conducting polymer material with isolating construction to room temperature from press.
Effect of the present invention is by following checking.
Testing method:
In order to the volume fraction that the graphene oxide calculating reduction is shared in the composite, by the also mold pressing 2 hours on the press of 200 DEG C of the graphene oxide of 0.5g, surveying its weight is 0.2851g, namely in thermal reduction weightless 43%.The density of the graphene oxide be reduced is by document (Stankovich S, Dikin DA, Dommett GHB, Kohlhaas KM, Zimney EJ, StachEA, et al.Nature2006; 442:282 – 6) ρ=2.2g/cm
3calculate.DT-9205 digital multimeter and ZC-36 megger is used to measure the resistance of matrix material respectively.
The stripping of graphite oxide
Fig. 1 is the X-ray diffraction of graphite and graphite oxide.The X-ray diffraction of graphite has the last one peak in 2 θ=26.24 °, and the interlamellar spacing of corresponding lamella is 0.34nm.After graphite is oxidized, is increased to 0.86nm by the known interlamellar spacing of diffraction honeybee of 2 θ=10.42 °, shows that oxy radical is inserted into interlayer.Graphite oxide is after supersound process, and graphite oxide dissociates, and dispersion forms stable suspension in aqueous.Atomic force microscope observation shows, the graphene oxide sheet in this suspension is about 1nm (see Fig. 2).
The coating of graphene oxide
Fig. 3 indicates the dispersion of graphene oxide on polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) particle.Very thin graphene oxide sheet is randomly dispersed in polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) particle surface.The surface of some polymer particles almost complete oxidized graphene film covers that (Fig. 3 a), but also finds to there is a small amount of graphene oxide aggregate (Fig. 3 b).
The in-situ heat reduction of graphene oxide
The work of forefathers (
tang H,
ehlert GJ,
lin Y,
sodano HA.Nano Lett.2012; 12:84-90) show, graphene oxide is reduced through 200 DEG C of two hours thermal treatment rear oxidation Graphenes, and it is invalid for increasing the reduction of heat treatment time to graphene oxide further.Therefore in the present invention, heat two hours reductive conditions as graphene oxide using at 200 DEG C.Through the thermal treatment of above-mentioned condition, i.e. the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of all oxidized Graphene coatings is after 200 DEG C of hot pressing in two hours, and their color becomes black by lark or grey.As a typical example, Fig. 4 gives the color change of graphene oxide before and after hot pressing of the reduction containing 0.114vol.% in matrix material, becomes the block composite material of black after the powder hot-pressing of lark.This phenomenon shows the oxy radical eliminated in hot pressing on graphene oxide, makes graphene oxide in-situ heat be reduced to Graphene.
The conductive network of isolating construction
After the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder hot-pressing of graphene oxide coating, originally the position being distributed in the graphene oxide lamella on polymer particle remains unchanged substantially, the graphene oxide be reduced after forming matrix material is only distributed in the interface location of two polymer particles instead of is evenly distributed in whole polymeric matrix, therefore forms the two-dimentional conductive network with isolating construction in the composite.As shown in Figure 5.
First the present invention utilizes solution method that graphene oxide lamella is coated in polymer particle on the surface, the size of coated weight is by how many decisions containing graphene solution amount, then solvent is removed, obtain the polymer powder of graphene oxide coating, again by these coated powder hot-pressings, obtain two dimension conductive composite materials with isolating construction.This matrix material only need add a small amount of graphene oxide just can obtain very high specific conductivity through hot pressing in-situ reducing, makes the polymkeric substance of insulation become the complex body of conduction, therefore has extensive use in practice.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The X-ray diffraction of Fig. 1 graphite and graphite oxide.
Fig. 2 atomic force microscopy is observed.
The dispersion of Fig. 3 a-Fig. 3 b graphene oxide on polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) (after hot pressing, matrix material contains the Graphene of 0.134vol%).
Fig. 4 contains the matrix material (a) of 0.114vol.% and the color distinction of its starting powder (b).
Fig. 5 volume fraction is the Photomicrograph of 0.134% matrix material.
The relation of Fig. 6 specific conductivity and volume fraction.
Embodiment
Illustrate below and the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1:
It is in the graphene oxide solution of 0.1mg/ml that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined 27ml concentration, after making solution moisture content testing evaporate at the temperature of 80 DEG C and mechanical stirring, the polymer powder of oxidized Graphene coating under the vacuum of 80 DEG C dry 24 hours, obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of graphene oxide coating.On the press that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies is placed in 200 DEG C, mold pressing is after 2 hours, takes out air cooling obtain the matrix material with isolating construction to room temperature from press.The specific conductivity recording this matrix material is 5.41 × 10
-10s/m.
Embodiment 2:
It is in the graphene oxide solution of 0.1mg/ml that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined 35ml concentration, after making solution moisture content testing evaporate at the temperature of 80 DEG C and mechanical stirring, the polymer powder of oxidized Graphene coating under the vacuum of 80 DEG C dry 24 hours, obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of graphene oxide coating.On the press that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies is placed in 200 DEG C, mold pressing is after 2 hours, takes out air cooling obtain the matrix material with isolating construction to room temperature from press.The specific conductivity recording this matrix material is 1.21 × 10
-5s/m.
Embodiment 3:
It is in the graphene oxide solution of 0.1mg/ml that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined 49ml concentration, after making solution moisture content testing evaporate at the temperature of 80 DEG C and mechanical stirring, the polymer powder of oxidized Graphene coating under the vacuum of 80 DEG C dry 24 hours, obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of graphene oxide coating.On the press that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies is placed in 200 DEG C, mold pressing is after 2 hours, takes out air cooling obtain the matrix material with isolating construction to room temperature from press.The specific conductivity recording this matrix material is 1.12 × 10
-4s/m.
Embodiment 4:
It is in the graphene oxide solution of 0.1mg/ml that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined 58ml concentration, after making solution moisture content testing evaporate at the temperature of 80 DEG C and mechanical stirring, the polymer powder of oxidized Graphene coating under the vacuum of 80 DEG C dry 24 hours, obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of graphene oxide coating.On the press that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies is placed in 200 DEG C, mold pressing is after 2 hours, takes out air cooling obtain the matrix material with isolating construction to room temperature from press.The specific conductivity recording this matrix material is 1.04 × 10
-3s/m.
Embodiment 5:
It is in the graphene oxide solution of 0.1mg/ml that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined 97ml concentration, after making solution moisture content testing evaporate at the temperature of 80 DEG C and mechanical stirring, the polymer powder of oxidized Graphene coating under the vacuum of 80 DEG C dry 24 hours, obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of graphene oxide coating.On the press that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies is placed in 200 DEG C, mold pressing is after 2 hours, takes out air cooling obtain the matrix material with isolating construction to room temperature from press.The specific conductivity recording this matrix material is 2.41 × 10
-3s/m.
Embodiment 6:
It is in the graphene oxide solution of 0.1mg/ml that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined 108ml concentration, after making solution moisture content testing evaporate at the temperature of 80 DEG C and mechanical stirring, the polymer powder of oxidized Graphene coating under the vacuum of 80 DEG C dry 24 hours, obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of graphene oxide coating.On the press that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies is placed in 200 DEG C, mold pressing is after 2 hours, takes out air cooling obtain the matrix material with isolating construction to room temperature from press.The specific conductivity recording this matrix material is 4.12 × 10
-3s/m.
Embodiment 7:
It is in the graphene oxide solution of 0.1mg/ml that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined 176ml concentration, after making solution moisture content testing evaporate at the temperature of 80 DEG C and mechanical stirring, the polymer powder of oxidized Graphene coating under the vacuum of 80 DEG C dry 24 hours, obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of graphene oxide coating.On the press that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies is placed in 200 DEG C, mold pressing is after 2 hours, takes out air cooling obtain the matrix material with isolating construction to room temperature from press.The specific conductivity recording this matrix material is 9.12 × 10
-3s/m.
Embodiment 8:
It is in the graphene oxide solution of 0.1mg/ml that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of 2g is joined 330ml concentration, after making solution moisture content testing evaporate at the temperature of 80 DEG C and mechanical stirring, the polymer powder of oxidized Graphene coating under the vacuum of 80 DEG C dry 24 hours, obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of graphene oxide coating.On the press that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies is placed in 200 DEG C, mold pressing is after 2 hours, takes out air cooling obtain the matrix material with isolating construction to room temperature from press.The specific conductivity recording this matrix material is 2.21 × 10
-2s/m.
Fig. 6 is the specific conductivity of above-described embodiment and the relation of volume fraction, and it is 0.105vol.% that threshold values is oozed in the Chongqing that figure can obtain thus.The coefficient t relevant to system dimension is 1.101, and illustrate that matrix material is two-dimentional conductive network, this is consistent with experimental result.
More than say that the specific descriptions of invention are illustrative, not by above-mentioned described content constraints.During enforcement, multiple change and change can be carried out in the limited range of claim, but they all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Attached following specific conductivity related data is for invention:
(density is 1.78g/cm to the PVDF of 2g
3), volume is 1.124cm
3, graphene oxide weight loss is 43%, remains 57% of original weight, and Graphene density is 2.2g/cm
3, strength of solution is the graphene oxide of 0.1mg/ml.
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method for Graphene and composite conducting polymer material, is characterized in that:
A. the preparation of graphene oxide: according to Graphite Powder 99 2-3g, SODIUMNITRATE 1-1.5g, three is mixed to get mixed solution by the ratio of vitriol oil 350-375ml, by 10-12g potassium permanganate in stirring with remain and slowly join in described solution under temperature is lower than the cooling conditions of 20 DEG C, go to the ionized water that adds 250-375ml be continuously agitated 30 minutes under the water-bath of 35 DEG C after and be warmed up to 97 DEG C, stir after 30 minutes, reaction terminating is made by the hydrogen peroxide adding deionized water and 60 milliliter 30%, mixing solutions is filtered and uses the HCl aqueous solution of 5% and water to clean, graphene oxide is obtained after drying,
B. the coating of graphene oxide: graphite oxide is placed in after deionized water for ultrasonic disperses 3 hours and obtains the graphene oxide water solution that homodisperse concentration is 0.1mg/ml, 2g polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder is joined in graphene oxide water solution described in 27-330ml, at the temperature of 80 DEG C and mechanical stirring, solution moisture content testing is evaporated, the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of oxidized Graphene coating under the vacuum of 80 DEG C dry 24 hours, obtains the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder of graphene oxide coating;
C. compression molding: without any under the condition of gas shield; on the press that the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) powder that graphene oxide applies is placed in 200 DEG C, mold pressing is after 2 hours, takes out air cooling obtain the Graphene and composite conducting polymer material with isolating construction to room temperature from press.
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| CN104845009B (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2018-03-23 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Fluororesin/graphene composite material with isolation structure and preparation method and application |
| CN105215353B (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2017-08-25 | 山东大学 | A kind of Metal/grapheme composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN106633336B (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2020-04-07 | 复旦大学 | Method for preparing polymer/reduced graphene oxide composite material |
| CN108976606B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-11-19 | 四川大学 | Anisotropic conductive thermal conductive polymer composite material and preparation method |
| CN110550626B (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2021-03-26 | 青岛科技大学 | Method for controllable reduction in modified graphene oxide matrix |
| CN114392659A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-26 | 台州耘智科技有限公司 | Device and method for preparing modified polyvinylidene fluoride from graphene oxide |
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| CN102585335A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-18 | 吉林大学 | Method for preparing polyethylene/graphene conductive composite material |
| CN102729562A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-17 | 电子科技大学 | Composite medium film material based on polyvinylidene fluoride and graphene, and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102585335A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-18 | 吉林大学 | Method for preparing polyethylene/graphene conductive composite material |
| CN102729562A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-17 | 电子科技大学 | Composite medium film material based on polyvinylidene fluoride and graphene, and preparation method thereof |
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