CN103310267B - Amplitude shift keying modulator and transmitter comprising same - Google Patents

Amplitude shift keying modulator and transmitter comprising same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103310267B
CN103310267B CN201210223847.7A CN201210223847A CN103310267B CN 103310267 B CN103310267 B CN 103310267B CN 201210223847 A CN201210223847 A CN 201210223847A CN 103310267 B CN103310267 B CN 103310267B
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terminal
modulator
amplitude
radio
resistor
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CN103310267A (en
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蔡俊良
张劭彰
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FAVEPC Inc
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FAVEPC Inc
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Abstract

A modulator has a first terminal for receiving a carrier signal, a second terminal for receiving a first control signal to control a frequency band of the carrier signal, and a third terminal for receiving a second control signal to control a modulation depth of the carrier signal.

Description

Amplitude moves key modulator and comprises the transmitter that described amplitude moves key modulator
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of radio-frequency (RF) identification (Radio-frequencyidentification, RFID) system, amplitude in espespecially a kind of rfid system moves key (Amplitudeshiftkeying, ASK) modulator and comprises the transmitter that described amplitude moves key modulator.
Background technology
RFID technique has been widely used in the middle of multiple application, such as electronic cash, save from damage and stock-taking etc., a kind of typical rfid system comprises a reader, a label and a database platform.
ASK is tuned as mode the most general in RFID communication, Figure 1A illustrates a kind of ASK modulation mode, please refer to Figure 1A, the one signal S1 with amplitude " A " can be become have by modulation a signal S2 of amplitude " B ", and in ASK modulation, a key parameter of so-called depth of modulation is defined as follows: depth of modulation= , generally speaking, described depth of modulation must higher than 90%, if less than, may electromagnetic radiation be had.
Figure 1B illustrates another kind of ASK modulation mode, please refer to Figure 1B, the one signal S3 with amplitude " A ' " can be become have by modulation a signal S4 of amplitude " B ' ", and in this example B '=0, be 100% according to the described depth of modulation of above formula in this example, i.e. so-called on-off keying (On-offkeying, OOK), in this case, one external label possibly cannot operate, because the signal S4 received does not have power to start described label, therefore, in a rfid system, control described depth of modulation extremely important.
Fig. 1 C is the schematic diagram of a traditional ASK modulator, please refer to Fig. 1 C, and an ASK modulator 1 comprises oscillator 10, buffer amplifier 11, changing device 12, bandpass filter 13, antenna 14 and a low-pass filter 15; Changing device 12 separately comprises p-type essence N-shaped (p-intrinsic-n, PIN) diode modulator 121, power amplification circuit 122 and a current/charge-voltage convertor 123.
PIN diode modulator 121 invariably cannot can produce the noise or parasitic radiation composition that are amplified by power amplification circuit 122, therefore, bandpass filter 13 for eliminating unwanted noise or parasitic radiation composition is indispensable for ASK modulator, moreover, low-pass filter 15 can receive a digital signal from a terminal " a ", and produce simulating signal to control changing device 12, it represents changing device 12 and can only be controlled by two voltage levels (namely high (VDD) and low (ground connection) position is accurate), therefore, low-pass filter 15 is the key element in ASK modulator 1, but, low-pass filter 15 can increase the cost of ASK modulator 1 with the use of bandpass filter 13.
Moreover the described PIN diode (not shown) of PIN diode modulator 121 is an active member, and it can cause noise signal, but these unwanted noise signals possibly cannot be eliminated by power amplification circuit 122 and be exaggerated on the contrary.
In addition, one PIN diode possibly cannot be incorporated in a chip with the other electron component of an ASK modulator, Fig. 1 D is the schematic diagram of a traditional ASK modulator 1 ', please refer to Fig. 1 D, ASK modulator 1 ' comprises an oscillator 10 ', a buffer amplifier 11 ', a control circuit 16 ', PIN diode modulator 121 ', power amplifier 122 ' and an antenna 14 '; Control circuit 16 ' can comprise a micro-control unit (not shown) and/or a digital processing unit (not shown), buffer amplifier 11 ', control circuit 16 ' can be integrated in a chip with power amplifier 122 ' to form an integrated circuit (Integratedcircuit, IC) 17 ', as shown in figure ip, IC17 ' has five pin t1, t2, t3, t4 and t5, and wherein pin t1 receives the carrier signal of self-oscillator 10 '; Pin t2 connects the described output terminal of buffer amplifier 11 ' to PIN diode modulator 121 '; Pin t3 controls signal to PIN diode modulator 121 ' for transmitting one; Pin t4 connects the described input end of PIN diode modulator 121 ' to power amplifier 122 '; And pin t5 connects the described output terminal of power amplifier 122 ' to antenna 14 ', IC17 ' additional pins t2 and t4 can cause more multiple-harmonic or spur signal, and the packaging cost of also increase ASK modulator 1 '.
Therefore need to utilize the circuit of a simplification to provide one to have cost-benefit modulator.
Summary of the invention
Embodiments of the invention can provide a modulator, described modulator has a first terminal for receiving a carrier signal, one second terminal is for receiving one first control signal to control a frequency band of described carrier signal, and a third terminal is for receiving one second control signal to control a depth of modulation of described carrier signal.
Some embodiments of the present invention also can provide a transmitter, and described transmitter comprises one to be had for generation of the carrier generator, of a carrier signal amplifying circuit, that an entry terminal is connected to described carrier generator and have the modulator that a first terminal is connected to described amplifying circuit one output terminal; And one has the antenna that an input end is connected to described modulator.
Some embodiments of the invention also can provide a modulator, and described modulator comprises the variohm being provided with a voltage level; One switch being connected to described variohm; One the first resistor being connected in parallel to described switch; One the second resistor being connected to described first resistor; One first inductor, it has the first terminal that is connected to described second resistor and one second terminal for receiving a carrier signal; One PIN diode, it has one of described second terminal being connected to described first inductor anode, and for a negative electrode of the signal that exports a modulation; And one second inductor, it has a first terminal and one second terminal of the described negative electrode being connected to described PIN diode, and wherein said second terminal is grounded.
In explanation hereafter, part is proposed other features of the present invention and advantage, and it is wherein a part of to understand the present invention from described explanation, or also can acquistion by implementing the present invention.Can understand by the element listed especially in the claim of enclosing with combination and reach feature of the present invention and advantage.
Will be appreciated that summary description above and detailed description hereafter are all only made for illustrate and explain, it does not limit the invention of advocating herein.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A is a kind of ASK modulation mode;
Figure 1B is another kind of ASK modulation mode;
Fig. 1 C is the schematic diagram of a traditional ASK modulator 1;
Fig. 1 D is the schematic diagram of another traditional ASK modulator 1 ';
Fig. 2 A is the calcspar of a transmitter 2 in a rfid system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 B is the calcspar according to modulator 26 as shown in Figure 2 A in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 A is a kind of according to an embodiment of the invention modulation mode;
Fig. 3 B is another kind of according to an embodiment of the invention modulation mode.
[main element symbol description]
1ASK modulator
1 ' ASK modulator
2 transmitters
10 oscillators
10 ' oscillator
11 buffer amplifiers
11 ' buffer amplifier
12 changing devices
13 bandpass filter
14 antennas
14 ' antenna
15 low-pass filters
16 ' control circuit
17 ' integrated circuit
21 micro-control units
22 digital processing units
23 carrier generators
24 buffer amplifiers
25 power amplifiers
26 modulators
27 antennas
28 integrated circuit
121p type essence N-shaped (PIN) diode modulator
121 ' p-type essence N-shaped (PIN) diode modulator
122 power amplification circuits
122 ' power amplifier
123 current/charge-voltage convertors
261 diodes.
Embodiment
Now will in detail with reference to the embodiment of the present invention, its illustrations is illustrated among accompanying drawing, to the greatest extent its may, all graphic in will according to similar elements symbol to represent same or similar parts.
Fig. 2 A is the calcspar of a transmitter 2 in a rfid system according to an embodiment of the invention, please refer to Fig. 2 A, transmitter 2 can comprise micro-control unit (microcontrolunit, MCU) 21, digital processing unit 22, carrier generator 23, buffer amplifier 24, power amplifier 25, modulator 26 and an antenna 27.
Digital processing unit 22 can be connected to MCU21, carrier generator 23 can be connected to buffer amplifier 24, it is connected to power amplifier 25 according to this, modulator 26 can be connected between power amplifier 25 and antenna 27, modulator 26 also can have two terminals " T1 " and " T2 ", it is all connected to digital processing unit 22
Carrier generator 23 can produce the signal TS1 that a frequency is fts1, then described signal TS1 can be transferred into buffer amplifier 24, buffer amplifier 24 can receive described signal TS1, then the voltage of amplifying signal TS1, and export an amplifying signal TS2 according to this, it can be transferred into power amplifier 25, and power amplifier 25 can the power of amplifying signal TS2, and export an amplifying signal TS3 to modulator 26; In one embodiment, described frequency f ts1 can be but is not limited to about 433.92 megahertzs (Megahertz, MHz), and amplifier 24 and 25 can amplify signal TS1 and the TS2 such as described linearly, in another embodiment, described frequency f ts1 can be but is not limited to about 915MHz.
Modulator 26 can receive described signal TS3 from power amplifier 25, and the signal TS4 of output one modulation is to antenna 27, the numerical digit processor 22 that can be controlled by MCU21 produces control signal, and transmit and described etc. control signal to terminal T1 and/or terminal T2, to control frequency band and/or the depth of modulation of described signal TS4, in another embodiment, terminal T2 is not necessarily connected to digital processing unit 22, and a direct current (Directcurrent can be connected to, DC) voltage source, the harmonic wave that may be caused by modulator 26 or spur signal can not be exaggerated because modulator 26 is configured in the next stage of power amplifier 25, therefore, the described harmonic wave such as grade caused by modulator 26 or spur signal can be minimized improves transmission quality.
Please still with reference to Fig. 2 A, MCU21, digital processing unit 22, buffer amplifier 24 can be added into an integrated circuit (Integratedcircuit in another embodiment with power amplifier 25, IC) in the middle of 28, IC28 can comprise a pin t5 to receive the described signal TS1 from carrier generator 23, and another pin t6, its terminal T3 that can be connected to modulator 26 is to transmit described signal TS3, IC28 also can comprise pin t7 and t8, and its terminal T2 and T1 that can be connected to modulator 26 carrys out transfer control signal; By the Circnit Layout of transmitter 2, in a Traditional modulation device, for the additional pins (please refer to the pin t2 shown in Fig. 1 D) of the output terminal Zhi described modulator that connect described buffer amplifier, and be all excluded in IC28 for connecting described modulator to the additional pins (please refer to the pin t4 shown in Fig. 1 D) of input end of described power amplifier, the pin number reduced minimizes described harmonic wave such as grade or spur signal helpfully, and also saves the packaging cost of IC28; Moreover, modulator 26 controlled by the digital signal from MCU21 or digital processing unit 22, therefore the low-pass filter of simulating signal (low-pass filter 15 see as shown in Figure 1 C) is become also can be excluded for conversion digital signal, in another embodiment, MCU21 and digital processing unit 22 can be integrated into (not shown) in a control circuit.
Fig. 2 B separately illustrates the calcspar according to modulator 26 as shown in Figure 2 A in one embodiment of the invention, please refer to Fig. 2 B, modulator 26 can comprise a variohm VR, two resistor R1 and R2, two inductor L1 and L2, an interrupteur SW, diode 261 and transistor Q1.
Described variohm VR can have the terminal that is connected to a voltage termination VDD of supply one direct current (DC) voltage level, another terminal of described variohm VR can be connected to the described resistor R1 and described interrupteur SW that are connected in parallel, described interrupteur SW can be connected to described terminal T1, then to digital processing unit 22, in this embodiment, described interrupteur SW can include but not limited to a transistor, described resistor R2 can be connected to described resistor R1 and described inductor L1, described inductor L1 can have the terminal (i.e. terminal T3) being connected to the described output terminal of power amplifier 25 and the described anode of diode 261, described inductor L2 can have a terminal (i.e. terminal T4) of described negative electrode and the antenna 27 being connected to diode 261, and another terminal be grounded, described transistor Q1 can have the first terminal being connected to described terminal T2, and described transistor Q1 separately can have one second terminal and a third terminal, and described resistor R2 can be connected between the described grade second of described transistor Q1 and third terminal, in one embodiment, described transistor Q1 can be but is not limited to a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) (Complementarymetal-oxide-semiconductor, CMOS) transistor, in another embodiment, diode 261 can be but is not limited to a PIN (p-type essence N-shaped, p-intrinsic-n) diode.
Fig. 3 A illustrates a kind of according to an embodiment of the invention modulation mode, please refer to Fig. 3 A, a control signal CS1 from digital processing unit 22 can be transferred into terminal T1 (with reference to Fig. 2 B) and carry out interrupteur SW described in On/Off, in this embodiment, when described control signal CS1 is relatively low, described interrupteur SW is for closing (opening loop), modulator 26 can perform described ASK modulation, in other words, digital processing unit 22 can determine whether modulator 26 will perform described ASK modulation, when described control signal CS1 is relatively high, described interrupteur SW is for opening (closed loop), and modulator 26 can stop performing described ASK modulation, digital processing unit 22 can transmit a control signal, and mode controls the described frequency band of described signal TS4 according to this.
Please still with reference to Fig. 3 A, another control signal CS2 from digital processing unit 22 can be transferred into the described depth of modulation that terminal T2 (please refer to Fig. 2 B) changes described signal TS4, in this embodiment, described control signal CS2 is relatively low, and modulator 26 can perform the ASK modulation with 75% depth of modulation.
Fig. 3 B illustrates a kind of according to an embodiment of the invention modulation mode, please refer to Fig. 3 B, a control signal CS1 ' from digital processing unit 22 can be transferred into terminal T1 (with reference to Fig. 2 B) and carry out interrupteur SW described in On/Off, in this embodiment, when described control signal CS1 ' is relatively low, described interrupteur SW is for closing (opening loop), and modulator 26 can perform described ASK modulation; In other words, digital processing unit 22 can determine whether modulator 26 will perform described ASK modulation, when described control signal CS1 ' is relatively high, described interrupteur SW is for opening (closed loop), and modulator 26 can stop performing described ASK modulation, digital processing unit 22 mode can control the described frequency band of described signal TS4 according to this.
Please still with reference to Fig. 3 B, the described depth of modulation that terminal T2 (please refer to Fig. 2 B) changes described signal TS4 can be transferred into from digital processing unit 22 or from another control signal CS2 ' of an external device (ED), in this embodiment, when described control signal CS2 ' is relatively low, and modulator 26 can perform the ASK modulation with 75% depth of modulation, when described control signal CS2 ' is relatively high, and modulator 26 can perform the ASK modulation with 50% depth of modulation, described depth of modulation can be not limited to above-mentioned, but can change in other embodiments.
Please refer back to Fig. 2 B, in one embodiment, the resistance range of described variohm VR is at 10 Ω to 50k Ω, the described resistance waiting each of resistor R1 and R2 is 10k Ω, the described inductance waiting each of inductor L1 and L2 is 100nH (Nano-Henry), but above-mentioned resistance and the numerical value of inductance can change to change described depth of modulation in another embodiment.
Have the knack of this those skilled in the art namely to understand and can change above-mentioned every embodiment, and the unlikely inventive concepts departing from its broad sense, therefore, should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment originally taken off, and be contain the modification belonged in the spirit of the present invention as defined by the following claims and scope.
In addition, when representative embodiment of the present invention is described, method of the present invention and/or processing procedure can be expressed as a specific order of steps by this instructions; But, because the scope of described method or processing procedure does not lie in proposed specific order of steps, therefore described method or processing procedure should not be limited to described particular step order; As haveing the knack of this those skilled in the art when to understand other order of steps be also feasible, so, the particular step order that this instructions should not proposed is considered as limitations on claims, in addition, also should the claim of method for the present invention and/or processing procedure be only limited in the enforcement of written contained order of steps, have the knack of this those skilled in the art to be easy to understand, the described order that waits also can be changed, and within the spirit being still covered by the present invention and category.

Claims (19)

1. the amplitude in radio-frequency recognition system moves a key modulator, it is characterized in that, comprises:
One first terminal, for receiving a carrier signal;
One second terminal, for receiving one first control signal to control a frequency band of described carrier signal;
One third terminal, for receiving one second control signal to control a depth of modulation of described carrier signal;
One the 4th terminal is connected to an antenna;
One carrier generator;
One amplifying circuit is connected between described carrier generator and described first terminal; And
One PIN diode, has an anode of the output terminal being connected to described amplifying circuit, and is connected to a negative electrode of described antenna.
2. the amplitude in radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 1 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, described second terminal and described third terminal are connected to a control module.
3. the amplitude in radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 1 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, described third terminal is connected to a direct voltage source.
4. the amplitude in radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 1 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, described modulator also comprises:
One variohm, it is provided with a voltage level;
One switch, it is connected to described variohm, and is electrically coupled to described second terminal of described modulator;
One first resistor, it is connected in parallel to described switch;
One second resistor, it is connected to described first resistor;
One first inductor, it has the first terminal being connected to described second resistor, and is connected to one second terminal of described output terminal of described amplifying circuit;
Described PIN diode, it has the described anode of described second terminal being connected to described first inductor; And
One second inductor, it has a first terminal and one second terminal of the described negative electrode being connected to described PIN diode, and wherein said second terminal is grounded.
5. the amplitude in radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 4 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, separately comprise a transistor, it has a first terminal of the described third terminal being connected to described modulator, one second terminal and a third terminal, and wherein said second resistor is connected between described second of described transistor and third terminal.
6. the amplitude in radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 5 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, described transistor is a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) (CMOS) transistor.
7. the amplitude in radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 1 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, described amplifying circuit comprises a buffer amplifier.
8. the amplitude in radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 7 moves key modulator, and its spy is, described amplifying circuit comprises the power amplifier being connected in series in described buffer amplifier.
9. comprise the transmitter that amplitude moves key modulator in radio-frequency recognition system, it is characterized in that, comprise:
One carrier generator, for generation of a carrier signal;
One amplifying circuit, it has the entry terminal being connected to described carrier generator;
One modulator, it has a first terminal of the output terminal being connected to described amplifying circuit; And
One antenna, it has the input end being connected to described modulator,
Wherein said modulator comprises a PIN diode, and it has an anode of the described output terminal being connected to described amplifying circuit, and is connected to a negative electrode of described antenna.
10. comprise the transmitter that amplitude moves key modulator in radio-frequency recognition system according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, described modulator comprises one second terminal, for receiving one first control signal to control a frequency band of described carrier signal.
Comprise the transmitter that amplitude moves key modulator in 11. radio-frequency recognition systems according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described modulator comprises a third terminal, for receiving one second control signal to control a depth of modulation of described carrier signal.
The transmitter that amplitude moves key modulator is comprised in 12. radio-frequency recognition systems according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described modulator comprises the third terminal being connected to a direct voltage source, and described direct voltage source supplies the described third terminal of a voltage level to described modulator to control a depth of modulation of described carrier signal.
Comprise the transmitter that amplitude moves key modulator in 13. radio-frequency recognition systems according to claim 11 or 12, it is characterized in that, described modulator comprises:
One variohm, it is provided with a voltage level;
One switch, it is connected to described variohm, and is electrically coupled to described second terminal of described modulator;
One first resistor, it is connected in parallel to described switch;
One second resistor, it is connected to described first resistor;
One first inductor, it has the first terminal being connected to described second resistor, and is connected to one second terminal of described output terminal of described amplifying circuit;
Described PIN diode, it has the described anode of described second terminal being connected to described first inductor; And
One second inductor, it has a first terminal and one second terminal of the described negative electrode being connected to described PIN diode, and wherein said second terminal is grounded.
Amplitude in 14. 1 kinds of radio-frequency recognition systems moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, comprises:
One variohm, it is provided with a voltage level;
One switch, it is connected to described variohm;
One first resistor, it is connected in parallel to described switch;
One second resistor, it is connected to described first resistor;
One first inductor, it has the first terminal being connected to described second resistor, and for receiving one second terminal of a carrier signal;
One PIN diode, it has an anode of described second terminal being connected to described first inductor, and for a negative electrode of the signal that exports a modulation; And
One second inductor, it has a first terminal and one second terminal of the described negative electrode being connected to described PIN diode, and wherein said second terminal is grounded.
Amplitude in 15. radio-frequency recognition systems according to claim 14 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, described switch receives one first control signal to control a frequency band of described carrier signal.
Amplitude in 16. radio-frequency recognition systems according to claim 15 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, described modulator separately comprises a transistor, it has a first terminal, one second terminal and a third terminal, and wherein said second resistor is connected between second and third terminal of described transistor.
Amplitude in 17. radio-frequency recognition systems according to claim 16 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, the described first terminal of described transistor receives one second control signal to control a depth of modulation of described carrier signal.
Amplitude in 18. radio-frequency recognition systems according to claim 14 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, the described anode of described PIN diode and described second terminal of described first inductor are connected to an output terminal of a power amplifier.
Amplitude in 19. radio-frequency recognition systems according to claim 14 moves key modulator, it is characterized in that, the described negative electrode of described PIN diode is connected to an antenna.
CN201210223847.7A 2012-03-16 2012-07-02 Amplitude shift keying modulator and transmitter comprising same Active CN103310267B (en)

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TW101109100 2012-03-16
TW101109100A TWI516063B (en) 2012-03-16 2012-03-16 Ask modulator and transmitter having the same

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CN103310267B true CN103310267B (en) 2016-03-30

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6078226A (en) * 1998-02-02 2000-06-20 Tritech Microelectronics, Ltd. Integrated circuit implementation of a frequency shift keying oscillator
US6529562B1 (en) * 1998-04-08 2003-03-04 Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. Ask Modulator
JP2005018404A (en) * 2003-06-26 2005-01-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Guidance type read/write communication terminal and communication system using the same
CN101169821A (en) * 2007-08-24 2008-04-30 深圳先进技术研究院 Signal transmitting/receiving module for promoting radio frequency tag readable degree and its method
CN101655925A (en) * 2009-06-23 2010-02-24 深圳市华士精成科技有限公司 Close coupling radio frequency identification devices (RFID) tag and control method thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6078226A (en) * 1998-02-02 2000-06-20 Tritech Microelectronics, Ltd. Integrated circuit implementation of a frequency shift keying oscillator
US6529562B1 (en) * 1998-04-08 2003-03-04 Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. Ask Modulator
JP2005018404A (en) * 2003-06-26 2005-01-20 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Guidance type read/write communication terminal and communication system using the same
CN101169821A (en) * 2007-08-24 2008-04-30 深圳先进技术研究院 Signal transmitting/receiving module for promoting radio frequency tag readable degree and its method
CN101655925A (en) * 2009-06-23 2010-02-24 深圳市华士精成科技有限公司 Close coupling radio frequency identification devices (RFID) tag and control method thereof

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TW201340656A (en) 2013-10-01
CN103310267A (en) 2013-09-18
TWI516063B (en) 2016-01-01

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