CN103307799B - Multistage Stirling refrigerating machine - Google Patents
Multistage Stirling refrigerating machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103307799B CN103307799B CN201310284693.7A CN201310284693A CN103307799B CN 103307799 B CN103307799 B CN 103307799B CN 201310284693 A CN201310284693 A CN 201310284693A CN 103307799 B CN103307799 B CN 103307799B
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Abstract
The invention provides a multistage Stirling refrigerating machine. A Stirling reversible heat engine is utilized to serve as a refrigerating machine, and multiple stages of refrigerating machines are connected in series coaxially. Two working cavities, the phase difference of which is pi, of two adjacent stages are communicated with two heat exchange passages of the same interstage heat exchanger, so that reliable transmission of heat of two stages is realized. Two working cavities, the phase difference of which is pi, of the same stage are communicated with two heat exchange passages of the same regenerator, so that rational use of heat is achieved. The enclosed space of an operating condition controller is communicated with a two-stage seal cavity, and all the working cavities have the same lowest working pressure, so that well-balanced running of the whole machine is ensured. The number of stages of the refrigerating machine and refrigerating power can be determined according to requirements, so that the refrigerating machine can satisfy various requirements of refrigerating depth and refrigerating capacity. The refrigerating machine has the advantages that the refrigerating process is simple; less equipment is required; the cost is lower; the refrigerating machine can be used in a large air or natural gas liquefaction plant, and is suitable in a mobile vehicle-mounted refrigerating station, so that marsh gas and coal mine methane gas are subjected to liquefaction treatment.
Description
Art
The present invention relates to a kind of sterlin refrigerator, be specially a kind of multi-stage stirling refrigeration machine.
Background technology
Along with scientific and technological progress, deep refrigerating technology plays more and more important effect in some industries.The industries such as Aero-Space, food processing, health care, chemical fertilizer production, natural gas accumulating, petroleum refining all be unable to do without deep refrigerating technology.Current deep refrigerating technical scheme, mainly utilizes Linde cycle to realize deep refrigerating through multi-stage compression and throttling expansion.
Natural gas accumulating is the representative industry of application deep refrigerating technology.The exhausted major part of LNG product comes from large-scale natural gas liquefaction factory, for natural gas peak-shaving and natural gas seaborne trade.And that miniature LNG liquefying plant is separated accumulating to oil well associated gas, the Methane Resources of soot and waste water treatment plant reclaims is all essential.In order to meet the demand to miniature LNG liquefying plant, under the subsidy of USDOE, US natural gas technical research institute has developed a kind of miniature natural gas liquefaction device of patented power.This miniature natural gas liquefaction device utilizes the refrigeration system using cold-producing medium, and the LNG daily output is between 5 thousand to three ten thousand gallons.US natural gas technical research institute has permitted that commercial cooperation partner Linde BOC uses technique and actively carry out commercialization in worldwide.As can be seen here, miniature natural gas liquefaction device has market potential.Sterlin refrigerator is used as miniature natural gas liquefaction device and has very promising prospects.
At present, low power sterlin refrigerator has been widely used as the low-temperature receiver of electronic imaging system, electronic control system, and power only has 2 to 6 watts.Powerful sterlin refrigerator there is no application example.Basic reason is working medium difficult sealing, does not have simple and reliable agent structure can meet the requirement of high-power deep refrigerating.
Chinese invention patent Stirling reversible heat engine (200710050949.2) has stopped refrigerant leakage completely with two-stage Sealing Technology, and compact conformation.But Stirling reversible heat engine is used as refrigeration machine and does not also reach deep refrigerating temperature (less than-100 DEG C)." research of stirling heat pump (refrigeration machine) design theory " literary composition discloses the inner link of the refrigeration degree of depth (heat pump lift) and each structural parameters and operational factor.Adopt the Stirling reversible heat engine of more than two to connect, deep refrigerating temperature (less than-100 DEG C) can be reached completely.A Stirling reversible heat engine is called one-level.Have several series connection to be just called what sterlin refrigerator, multi-stage stirling refrigeration machine is referred to as in more than two series connection.The heat of the first order flows into end and sucks heat from environment, and the heat of the second level flows into end and sucks heat from the heat outflow end of the first order.By that analogy.The heat outflow end of afterbody releases heat to environment.The inter-stage transmission how realizing heat is the key of multi-stage stirling refrigeration machine success or failure.
A kind of heat exchange-type regenerator for Stirling heat engine (201210000717.7) of Chinese invention patent realizes the two working chamber countercurrent flows that phase difference is π in peer, reach heat Appropriate application, realize at two inter-stages the two working chamber heat exchange that phase difference is π, complete heat two inter-stage reliable delivery; Chinese invention patent many rings connecting-type Stirling reversible heat engine (201210174097.7) makes sterlin refrigerator have the larger refrigeration degree of depth, and space availability ratio also improves; A kind of Stirling thermal engine operating condition controller (201110035499.6) of Chinese invention patent ensures that each working chamber working medium is balanced, operates steadily; A kind of Stirling thermal engine operating heat-exchanger rig (201210383424.1) of Chinese invention patent makes sterlin refrigerator high efficiency and heat radiation.The Combination application of these patented technologies, determines appropriate refrigeration machine sum of series power of motor, can make the multi-stage stirling refrigeration machine meeting the various refrigeration degree of depth and refrigerating capacity requirement.A kind of stirling heat pump water heater (201210473554.4) of Chinese invention patent is exactly the application example of single-stage sterlin refrigerator (heat pump).
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is application Stirling reversible heat engine and make refrigeration machine, plural serial stage, adopt a kind of heat exchange-type regenerator for Stirling heat engine (201210000717.7) of Chinese invention patent to make inter-stage heat exchanger, design a kind of multi-stage stirling refrigeration machine that can reach deep refrigerating temperature.
To achieve these goals, the solution of the present invention is: its structure comprises some grades of sterlin refrigerators, inter-stage heat exchanger, shaft coupling passage, condition controller, motor.It is characterized in that: described motor is placed in the secondary seal chamber of afterbody sterlin refrigerator heat outflow end bore central.Motor rotary shaft and sterlin refrigerator heat engine rotor at different levels on the same axis, and are connected through shaft coupling passage.It is an annular seal space that the secondary seal chamber of sterlin refrigerator at different levels is communicated with.The piston group of sterlin refrigerator at different levels is stuck on respective heat engine rotor, and two ends piston inserts heat respectively and flows into end cylinder and heat outflow end cylinder.Sterlin refrigerator working chamber quantity at different levels is identical, and phase difference at the same level is two heat exchanger channels that two working chambers of π are communicated with same regenerator, and adjacent two inter-stage phase differences are two heat exchanger channels that two working chambers of π are communicated with same inter-stage heat exchanger.All working chamber is connected to same condition controller.The confined space of condition controller is communicated with secondary seal chamber.Working medium is filled with in secondary seal chamber and each working chamber.In secondary seal chamber, power pressure is the minimum operating pressure in all working chamber.
Described working medium is hydrogen or helium.
The cylinder bore of described first order sterlin refrigerator is minimum or stroke is the shortest.Cylinder bore increases step by step, or stroke increases step by step.Because first order operating temperature is low, working medium density large, minimum operating pressure is the same, transports heat minimum.
Described sterlin refrigerator at different levels can connect separately respective condition controller, and is communicated with secondary seal chamber by the confined space of condition controller.
The invention has the advantages that: one be refrigeration thermodynamic cycle be efficient Stirling cycle, relative Linde cycle is improved the potentiality of refrigeration efficiency.Two is increase refrigeration machine progression, and the refrigeration degree of depth increases; Strengthen motor power (output) and improve power pressure, refrigerating capacity increases.The various refrigeration degree of depth and refrigeration capacity requirement can be met.Three is that refrigeration process is simple, equipment needed thereby is few, and cost is corresponding lower.Four is applied widely to refrigeration scale, not only can be used for large-scale air or natural gas liquefaction plant, is also applicable to the vehicle-mounted refrigeration plant of movement, does liquefaction process to biogas and colliery device in Gas.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is a kind of two-stage sterlin refrigerator overall schematic;
Fig. 2 is a kind of two-stage sterlin refrigerator agent structure schematic diagram;
In accompanying drawing, 1, cooling water inlet, 2, heat outflow end, 3, coolant outlet, 4, heat outflow end tube connector passes through mouth, 5, second level refrigeration machine regenerator, 6, second level refrigeration machine regenerator and inter-stage heat exchanger tube connector pass through mouth, 7, first order refrigeration machine regenerator and inter-stage heat exchanger tube connector pass through mouth, 8, first order refrigeration machine regenerator, 9, heat flows into end tube connector and passes through mouth, 10, liquefied natural gas exports, 11, heat flows into end, 12, Imported gas, 13, motor, 14, second level refrigeration machine heat outflow end cylinder, 15, second level refrigeration machine heat flows into end cylinder, 16, first order refrigeration machine heat outflow end cylinder, 17, shaft coupling passage, 18, first order refrigeration machine heat flows into end cylinder, 19, condition controller, 20, inter-stage heat exchanger.
Detailed description of the invention
Two-stage sterlin refrigerator shown in Fig. 1 Fig. 2 is every grade and has 6 working chambers, biarc connecting type sterlin refrigerator, and two-stage has 12 working chambers.Produce for liquefied natural gas.Motor 13 is placed in heat outflow end 2 central authorities, and motor rotary shaft is coaxial with dual unit cold heat engine armature spindle and be connected.The piston group of two-stage sterlin refrigerator is stuck on respective heat engine rotor, and two ends piston inserts heat respectively and flows into end cylinder and heat outflow end cylinder.The secondary seal chamber of dual unit cold is communicated with by the shaft coupling passage 17 between dual unit cold.Heat outflow end 2 side lower has cooling water inlet 1, and coolant outlet 3 is arranged at heat outflow end 2 top.Tube connector is communicated with second level refrigeration machine heat outflow end cylinder 14 and second level refrigeration machine regenerator 5 through heat outflow end tube connector by mouth 4, tube connector is communicated with second level refrigeration machine regenerator 5 and inter-stage heat exchanger 20 with inter-stage heat exchanger tube connector by mouth 6 through second level refrigeration machine regenerator, tube connector is communicated with inter-stage heat exchanger 20 and second level refrigeration machine heat flows into end cylinder 15, forms 6 second level refrigeration machine working chambers.Tube connector is communicated with inter-stage heat exchanger 20 and first order refrigeration machine heat outflow end cylinder 16, tube connector is communicated with first order refrigeration machine regenerator 8 and inter-stage heat exchanger 20 with inter-stage heat exchanger tube connector by mouth 7 through first order refrigeration machine regenerator, tube connector flows into end tube connector through heat and is communicated with first order refrigeration machine heat inflow end cylinder 18 and first order refrigeration machine regenerator 8 by mouth 9, forms 6 first order refrigeration machine working chambers.Refrigeration machine phase difference at the same level is two heat exchanger channels that two working chambers of π are communicated with same regenerator, and between dual unit cold, phase difference is two heat exchanger channels that two working chambers of π are communicated with same inter-stage heat exchanger.Because first order refrigeration machine operating temperature is low, it is few to transport heat, the cylinder bore of first order refrigeration machine is less than the cylinder bore of second level refrigeration machine.12 working chambers are connected to the condition controller 19 with 12 interfaces correspondingly, and the confined space of condition controller is communicated with secondary seal chamber.Heat flows in the middle part of end 11 side Imported gas 12, and heat flows into bottom end 11 has liquefied natural gas to export 10.
The course of work of the present invention is: connect motor power, motor 13 drives sterlin refrigerator to operate, and carries out Stirling refrigeration cycle.The working medium helium that first order refrigeration machine heat flows in end cylinder 18 and tube connector absorbs heat in isothermal expansion process from natural gas, natural gas temperature is reduced, until less than one 162 DEG C liquefaction.It is the working chamber working medium liberated heat at the same level of π that working medium after low temperature heat absorption flows into that regenerator 8 continues to absorb phase difference, enters and waits appearance endothermic process.Temperature of Working raises, and flows into heat outflow end cylinder 16.Enter isotherm compression process subsequently, in inter-stage heat exchanger 20 and heat outflow end cylinder 16, Temperature of Working raises further, and the working chamber being connected in the second level refrigeration machine of same inter-stage heat exchanger is in isothermal expansion process, needs heat absorption.Heat is delivered to second level refrigeration machine.Finally the working medium of this working chamber flows back to refrigeration machine heat and flows into end cylinder 18, and in regenerator 8, heats the working chamber working medium at the same level that phase difference at the same level is π, to enter etc. to put thermal process, completes a thermodynamic cycle.The each working chamber of first order refrigeration machine carries out thermodynamic cycle like this again and again, heat is delivered to second level refrigeration machine.Heat is also delivered in the cooling water of heat outflow end by same mode of operation by second level refrigeration machine.Open cooling water switch, cooling water enters heat outflow end from cooling water inlet 1, is discharged after absorbing heat by coolant outlet 3.Open gas source switch, natural gas enters heat from Imported gas 12 continually and flows into end, after being transformed into liquid state, exporting 10 and flows out, enter reservoir vessel by liquefied natural gas.
Claims (2)
1. a multi-stage stirling refrigeration machine, comprise some grades of sterlin refrigerators, inter-stage heat exchanger, shaft coupling passage, condition controller, motor, it is characterized in that: described motor is placed in the secondary seal chamber of afterbody sterlin refrigerator heat outflow end bore central, motor rotary shaft and sterlin refrigerator heat engine rotor at different levels are on the same axis, and be connected through shaft coupling passage, it is an annular seal space that the secondary seal chamber of sterlin refrigerator at different levels is communicated with, the piston group of sterlin refrigerator at different levels is stuck on respective heat engine rotor, two ends piston inserts heat respectively and flows into end cylinder and heat outflow end cylinder, sterlin refrigerator working chamber quantity at different levels is identical, phase difference at the same level is two heat exchanger channels that two working chambers of π are communicated with same regenerator, adjacent two inter-stage phase differences are two heat exchanger channels that two working chambers of π are communicated with same inter-stage heat exchanger, all working chamber is connected to same condition controller, the confined space of condition controller is communicated with secondary seal chamber, working medium is filled with in secondary seal chamber and each working chamber, in secondary seal chamber, power pressure is the minimum operating pressure in all working chamber.
2. a kind of multi-stage stirling refrigeration machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the cylinder bore of described afterbody sterlin refrigerator is maximum or stroke is the longest, and cylinder bore reduces step by step, or stroke shortens step by step.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310284693.7A CN103307799B (en) | 2013-07-07 | 2013-07-07 | Multistage Stirling refrigerating machine |
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| CN201310284693.7A CN103307799B (en) | 2013-07-07 | 2013-07-07 | Multistage Stirling refrigerating machine |
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| CN103307799A CN103307799A (en) | 2013-09-18 |
| CN103307799B true CN103307799B (en) | 2015-03-18 |
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| CN104390383A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-04 | 兰州空间技术物理研究所 | Separated arrangement type two-stage Stirling low-temperature refrigerating machine with dual expansion machines driven by single compressor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09159299A (en) * | 1995-12-08 | 1997-06-20 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Stirling cycle multi-stage freezer |
| JP2000121191A (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 2000-04-28 | Zexel Corp | Stirling refrigerator |
| JP2004027866A (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2004-01-29 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Cryopump device and operating method of cryopump device |
| US7171811B1 (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-02-06 | Global Cooling Bv | Multiple-cylinder, free-piston, alpha configured stirling engines and heat pumps with stepped pistons |
| CN101463775B (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2011-06-15 | 孔令斌 | Stirling reversible heat engine |
| CN102506513B (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2014-12-10 | 浙江大学 | Stirling pulse tube refrigerator connected with displacer |
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Effective date of registration: 20210721 Address after: 030000 room 403-01, building 6, North America N1 cultural and creative zone, No. 95, TIYU South Road, Taiyuan Xuefu Park, comprehensive reform demonstration zone, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province Patentee after: Shanxi Sanjin window Business Service Co., Ltd Address before: 646600 no.1-2-9, Yanchang dormitory, Yutang Town, Longmatan District, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: Kong Lingbin |
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