CN103306915A - Moving point array solar Sterling engine power generation system - Google Patents
Moving point array solar Sterling engine power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103306915A CN103306915A CN2012100718592A CN201210071859A CN103306915A CN 103306915 A CN103306915 A CN 103306915A CN 2012100718592 A CN2012100718592 A CN 2012100718592A CN 201210071859 A CN201210071859 A CN 201210071859A CN 103306915 A CN103306915 A CN 103306915A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
- F03G6/068—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means having other power cycles, e.g. Stirling or transcritical, supercritical cycles; combined with other power sources, e.g. wind, gas or nuclear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/045—Controlling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2254/00—Heat inputs
- F02G2254/30—Heat inputs using solar radiation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G2280/00—Output delivery
- F02G2280/20—Rotary generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to solar energy utilization, in particular to solar energy collection by using a point focusing solar mirror and application of the point focusing solar mirror to a moving point array solar Sterling engine power generation system. The moving point array solar Sterling engine power generation system at least comprises one or one group of point focusing solar mirrors, at least one Sterling engine and a tracking control device for control, wherein the solar mirrors are arranged on a solar mirror support; Sterling engines are arranged on a Sterling engine support, and are arranged in a punctiform area focused by the solar mirrors and above or below the solar mirrors; and the tracking control device controls the solar mirrors to focus sunlight to at least one Sterling engine when the sunlight changes, the Sterling engines move in the process that the solar mirrors track solar energy, and each or each group of solar mirrors select the Sterling engine capable of reaching the highest solar energy utilization efficiency for focusing, so that the solar energy is tracked, focused and utilized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar energy utilization, particularly adopt the solar energy mirror of point focusing to realize solar energy acquisition, adopt solar energy point focusing to realize the focus tracking Stirling power generation system of solar energy, relate to the focusing utilization of solar energy.
Background technique
It mainly is two kinds of tower and butterflies that solar energy point focusing utilizes technology, and dish formula system adopts solar energy mirror to focus on the stirling generator.And the Stirling-electric hybrid of existing dish formula Stirling generation technology is to move along with the variation of sun glasses, because the weight of large Stirling-electric hybrid will increase the load of Stirling-electric hybrid, be unfavorable for following the tracks of, thereby existing dish formula Stirling-electric hybrid Technology Need improves.
Tower system is as heliostat with a solar energy mirror, a plurality of solar energy reflection mirrors are focused on a solar energy Stirling machine power generating system on the stirling generator, because the feature that tower type solar gathers, so that its time of utilizing in tracking solar procedure division solar energy mirror only is 4-6 hour, solar energy mirror such as the tower east side can't be utilized substantially in the upper period of the day from 11 a.m. to 1 p.m, only have to noon or lower in the afternoon just can utilize, thereby solar energy acquisition efficient is low, this technological scheme can realize the collection of high temperature, but it is larger usually, is not suitable for small-sized or domestic system.
Usually the generated output of stirling generator is 25KW only, and the power of the solar energy that tower system produces is far longer than this power, thereby can't realize Stirling-electric hybrid is directly applied to the tower-type electricity generation system.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention just provides a kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system, employing solar energy mirror collection focus becomes various optics of solar energy mirrors a little, in the zone of focus, stirling generator is set, stirling generator moves in the process of tracking solar, in solar energy mirror tracking solar process, its focal length changes, thereby is called the zoom tracking; In following the tracks of the process of the sun, keep its focal length to be in all the time the zone of the point of stirling generator; Be provided with follow-up control apparatus in solar energy mirror, solar energy mirror is arranged on the solar bracket, the high temperature highly effective gathering and the utilization that realize.
The present invention adopts stirling generator and sun acquisition system not to interconnect, sun acquisition system and stirling generator move respectively, also be provided with tracking control system on stirling generator, stirling generator adopts not identical tracking control system with sun acquisition system; Perhaps at least one stirling generator interconnects with sun acquisition system and moves with solar energy mirror, and another one stirling generator and sun acquisition system do not interconnect at least, and sun acquisition system and stirling generator move respectively.
The present invention adopts and contains at least a solar energy mirror or one group of solar energy mirror and two stirling generators, in the tracking solar process with solar light focusing at least one stirling generator, solar energy tracking process in every day, have at least one or one group of solar energy mirror to focus at least two stirling generators, the stirling generator of the solar energy utilization ratio that each or every group of solar energy mirror are selected to reach the highest focuses on.Thereby realized improving the tracking efficient of existing solar tracking system, reduced the cost of tracking system, overcome so the existing tower type solar acquisition system solar energy acquisition time low shortcoming, by the technological method of a plurality of stirling generators is set, realized the raising that utilizes time and efficient to existing solar energy mirror, so that the system of point focusing can carry out is distributed, the requirement of the suitable different scale of miniaturization, the photovoltaic that also is suitable for simultaneously large scale system, particularly solar energy, the heat generating, heating, culinary art, the application of the multiple difference in functionalitys such as refrigeration.
Concrete summary of the invention is as follows:
A kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system, comprise at least one stirling generator (1), can gather solar energy mirror (2), the solar energy mirror holder device (4) of support solar mirror, power supplying apparatus, the power transmission of solar energy, and electronic control system, it is characterized in that: solar energy mirror and at least one stirling generator of at least one or one group of point focusing; Stirling generator is arranged in the zone of the point-like that solar energy mirror focuses on, and be arranged on top or the below of solar energy mirror, stirling generator is arranged on (12) on the stirling generator support, solar energy mirror is arranged on the solar energy mirror support, at the solar energy mirror support or/and solar energy mirror or/and stirling generator is provided with follow-up control apparatus, follow-up control apparatus control solar energy mirror when sunlight changes with solar light focusing at least one stirling generator, in the solar energy tracking process of every day, focus at least one stirling generator, stirling generator moves in solar energy mirror tracking solar process, realizes that the tracking of solar energy focuses on utilization.
A plurality of solar energy mirror or organize more solar energy mirror in the tracking solar process with solar light focusing at least one stirling generator, solar energy tracking process in every day, have at least one or one group of solar energy mirror to focus at least two stirling generators, the stirling generator of the solar energy utilization ratio that each or every group of solar energy mirror are selected to reach the highest focuses on.
The solar energy Stirling machine power generating system that is formed by a plurality of solar energy mirror and a plurality of stirling generator, a plurality of solar energy mirror are carried out optimum focusing according to solar energy acquisition efficient, each solar energy mirror can be according to the principle of the nearest or optimum stirling generator of the principle chosen distance of solar energy acquisition efficient, optimum focuses on selection.This selection can be that a plurality of solar energy mirror consist of one group of solar energy mirror, and a stirling generator of common choice optimum is realized collection and the utilization of solar energy.Can there be solar energy mirror in tracing process, to focus on a stirling generator in a plurality of sun glassess, but has at least one or one group to focus on plural stirling generator, perhaps focus on as required a plurality of stirling generators.
Solar energy mirror and stirling generator adopt following a kind of mode to carry out matched motion:
A, solar energy mirror and solar energy mirror support and stirling generator do not interconnect, or/and adopt respectively different follow-up control apparatus on solar energy mirror support and the stirling generator, make solar energy mirror or/and solar energy mirror support and stirling generator move respectively in solar energy mirror;
B, have a solar energy mirror at least or/and solar energy mirror support and stirling generator interconnect, and by being arranged on the solar energy mirror support or/and solar energy mirror or/and the follow-up control apparatus on the stirling generator makes solar energy mirror move with stirling generator.
Described solar energy mirror support is comprised of with the supporting element of being connected rotating shaft and be connected with ground or installation position connected element, form the solar energy acquisition system by at least one or one group of solar energy mirror and solar energy mirror support, the solar energy acquisition system selects following at least a kind of:
Be provided with two rotating shafts on A, each solar energy mirror, one is called transverse axis another is called the longitudinal axis, and transverse axis and the longitudinal axis intersect mutually, comprises into 90 degree angles, and solar energy mirror connects to form the solar energy acquisition system with the solar energy mirror support that contains this rotating shaft;
B, each solar energy mirror are connected with two rotating shafts respectively, one is called transverse axis another is called the longitudinal axis, transverse axis is mutually non-cross with the longitudinal axis, on rotating shaft and the solar energy mirror or the solar energy mirror frame be connected to become the longitudinal axis, another one be connected to become transverse axis with solar energy mirror again after connected element is connected, solar energy mirror connects to form the solar energy acquisition system with the solar bracket that contains transverse axis and the longitudinal axis;
C, a plurality of solar energy mirror mutually are connected on and form a series connection group on the connected element, solar energy mirror on each series connection group is connected with a rotating shaft, this axle becomes the longitudinal axis, a plurality of series connection groups are parallel with one another to be connected on a connected element and with the another one rotating shaft, this axle becomes transverse axis, transverse axis intersects mutually with the longitudinal axis, comprises into 90 degree, and solar energy mirror connects to form the solar energy acquisition system with the solar bracket that contains transverse axis and the longitudinal axis;
D, a plurality of solar energy mirror mutually are connected on and form a series connection group on the connected element, solar energy mirror on each series connection group is connected with a rotating shaft, this axle becomes the longitudinal axis, a plurality of series connection groups are parallel with one another to be connected on a connected element and with the another one rotating shaft, this axle becomes transverse axis, transverse axis with and the longitudinal axis does not mutually intersect, solar energy mirror and the solar bracket that contains transverse axis and the longitudinal axis connect to form the solar energy acquisition system;
E, by the solar energy mirror of a point focusing or the solar energy mirror of one group of point focusing, contain solar brackets parallel with earth's axis or that form less than the rotating shaft of 90 degree angles and be connected with one.
Owing to having adopted a plurality of stirling generators, thereby can realize the collection of optimum solar energy mirror, solar energy mirror can select suitable stirling generator to focus on as required, simultaneously owing to having adopted a plurality of stirling generators, thereby can choose optimum stirling generator focusing, reduced like this cost of solar energy tracking.
In order to realize optimum tracking, connected element or rotating shaft can be adopted different geometrical shapies, so that the tracking of solar energy mirror is suitable for different exsiccators, but connected element or rotating shaft geometrical shape are selected from following at least a:
A, linear cylinder are provided with a plurality of solar energy mirror at cylinder, and preferred straight line is parallel with earth's axis;
B, be one or more of curve, parabolic shape, compound parabolic line style, hyperbolic parabola type;
C, be one or more of circle, polygonal, arc, rectangle.
Described stirling generator support is comprised of with the supporting element of being connected rotating shaft and be connected with ground or installation position connected element, stirling generator be connected with rotating shaft again after connected element is connected, be connected with supporting element again; The geometrical shape of described connected element or rotating shaft is selected from following at least a:
A, linear cylinder are provided with a plurality of solar energy mirror at cylinder, and preferred straight line is parallel with earth's axis;
B, be one or more of curve, parabolic shape, compound parabolic line style, hyperbolic parabola type;
C, be one or more of circle, polygonal, arc, rectangle.
Follow-up control apparatus is comprised of integrated follow-up control apparatus and/or complete follow-up control apparatus.
Described integrated follow-up control apparatus provides parts by power, power transmission component, computer controlled member made consists of an integrated device, integrated device is arranged on solar energy mirror support or the stirling generator support and with rotating shaft and is connected, the electronic sensor device is arranged on solar energy mirror or the stirling generator, be provided with an integrated follow-up control apparatus in each rotating shaft, the electronic sensor device is sent to control signal on the computer controlled member made in the integrated device, is realized each solar energy mirror is followed the tracks of control by the rotation of integrated control device by a rotating shaft of control;
Described complete follow-up control apparatus provides parts by power, power transmission component, the electronic sensor parts, computer controlled member made forms, the electronic sensor device is arranged on solar energy mirror or the stirling generator, power transmission component is connected with rotating shaft, power transmission component is arranged on the solar energy mirror support, power provides parts and computer controlled member made to be arranged on the solar energy mirror support or follows the tracks of on support or stirling generator support or the ground, the electronic sensor device transmits computer controlled member made with control signal, the control power transmission component provides power to send rotating shaft to through power transmission component, the control of realization countershaft drives simultaneously the solar energy mirror that is arranged in the rotating shaft and follows the tracks of, and a plurality of sun glassess and rotating shaft are common adopts complete follow-up control apparatus to realize the tracking of solar energy is controlled;
Described electronic sensor parts adopt the sensor of optics or electronics, with optical signalling, the physical geographical position signal, electronic sensor signal or its combination, software in single-chip machine or computer calculates, realization is to the tracking of solar energy and the driving of solar energy mirror or stirling generator, optical signalling, the physical geographical position signal, electronic sensor signal or its combination are arranged on the solar energy mirror or link to each other on the stirling generator or on every side and with computer controlled member made, computer controlled member made provides parts to link to each other with power, and power provides parts to be connected with power transmission component.
Described power provides parts, be selected from following one of at least:
A, Mechanical Driven device;
B, phase transformation drive unit adopt the material that is enclosed in a space, make the increase of its pressure along with the increase of temperature, promote motion, realize following the tracks of;
C, utilize electric energy drive motor or hydraulic pressure installation to drive power transmission mechanism (10) to realize following the tracks of;
D, utilize gas pressure that the device of power is provided.
Described power transmission component be arranged on connected element or and supporting part on, and be connected with power supplying apparatus, power transmission component select from following one or more: gear mechanism (10), link chain mechanism, turbine and worm mechanism, linkage.
The solar energy heat absorbing part of described Stirling-electric hybrid is relative with solar energy mirror, so that sunlight can be injected into the sunlight absorption site of Stirling-electric hybrid in the process of following the tracks of.
Be provided with an adopting heat pipes for heat transfer system at described Stirling-electric hybrid, the vaporizing end of heat pipe is arranged on the interior heat absorbing part that thermal energy transfer is arrived Stirling-electric hybrid in zone of the point-like of solar energy mirror focusing, be provided with solar energy on the external casing of heat pipe and select coating, the outer installment of heat pipe has lucalox and thermal insulating material.Lucalox comprises the material that light-passing plastic, glass, quartz etc. can see through solar energy, and thermal insulating material comprises the thermal insulating material of low temperature and high temperature, and high temperature material can reach 1000 degree or higher, and the low temperature thermal insulating material is polyurethane or polyphenyl material.
The solar energy mirror of any point focusing all is useful on the solar energy acquisition of patent of the present invention, and the optical frames of solar energy point focusing is selected from following a kind of or its combination:
The lens of A, point focusing comprise the lens that glass, Fresnel, nonmetal or nonmetal film or thin mirror form;
The reflector of B, point focusing comprises the lens that glass, Fresnel, nonmetal or nonmetal film or thin mirror form;
C, compound curved surface point focusing mirror comprise compound parabolic, compound hyperbolic parabola mirror;
D, by the one group of solar energy mirror that is formed by a plurality of plane mirrors or curved mirror, every group of solar energy mirror has the focus of a point focusing.
Because what focus on is the zone of a point, any stirling generator can be arranged in this zone, even stirling generator can be arranged on the focal line zone with the equipment of generator set, in the focal range of focal line and solar energy mirror, stirling generator can be set, according to requirements such as temperature and spaces, can select any scope that is not more than focal length that stirling generator is set.
In the tracing process of carrying out solar energy, the error that may occur following the tracks of, perhaps the sunlight of part is owing to reasons such as scatterings, sunlight is in the zone outside the stirling generator behind the primary optics of solar energy mirror linear focusing of process, in order to reduce the loss of this part, adopted secondary focusing, the solar energy mirror of a secondary focusing namely be set at stirling generator, with the solar energy of a focused lost through after the secondary focusing solar energy being focused on the stirling generator.
The secondary focusing optical frames can be arranged on the stirling generator, rotate with the solar energy mirror that once focuses on, so once the solar energy mirror with secondary focusing can adopt same tracking equipment and driving arrangement realization to the secondary focusing of solar energy, has improved the efficient that solar energy utilizes.
The scheme that the present invention selects is to realize the object of the invention part preferred version, and the scheme of any principle according to the invention and technology, product all are protection scope of the present invention.
The advantage of this kind tracking system is:
1, adopts the tracking Stirling power generation system of the solar energy of the present invention's announcement, given full play to the tower advantage that gathers with the dish formula, adopted simultaneously the zoom tracking technique, realized utilizing cheaply, thereby combine dish formula, tower advantage, thereby economic utilization cheaply.
2, can be so that the utilization of the solar energy of realization array realizes the efficiently large-scale utilization of different solar products; Both can small-scale family enterprise use, also can utilize on a large scale.
3, the present invention can realize multiple solar energy utilization, comprises the application to heavy weight equipment, and the load-carrying that has overcome existing dish formula system is little, poor reliability, the shortcoming that is of limited application, has expanded greatly technology and scope that disc type solar energy utilizes.
4, the tracking with existing dish formula system effectively separates with conversion, changed the shortcoming that existing dish formula system focuses tracking, in the process of solar energy tracking, it is motionless that stirling generator keeps, can make dish formula acquisition system, the advantage that performance is maximum is owing to adopting the design of relatively static solar energy conversion using equipment, thereby can make the point focusing system possess multiple application, dish formula application and mode are provided greatly.
This acquisition system has improved acquisition time and the efficient of tower type solar mirror, adopts simultaneously single shaft to follow the utilization that realizes the point focusing solar energy system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the solar energy acquisition figure in 2 solar utilizing equipment of 4 solar energy mirror mornings;
Fig. 2: 2 solar utilizing equipment midday suns of 4 solar energy mirror can gather figure;
Fig. 3: the solar energy acquisition figure in 2 solar utilizing equipment of 4 solar energy mirror afternoons;
Fig. 4: 6 solar utilizing equipment solar energy acquisitions of 12 solar energy mirror figure;
Fig. 5: 1*3 moves the point type solar energy tracking and utilizes system;
Fig. 6: 2*2 moves the point type solar energy tracking and utilizes system;
Fig. 7: 2*4 moves the point type solar energy tracking and utilizes system;
Fig. 8: 2*2*4 moves the point type solar energy tracking and utilizes system.
Label concrete meaning in the accompanying drawing is as follows:
1: solar utilizing equipment (point focusing zone), 2: the point focusing solar energy mirror, 3: secondary reflection mirror, 4: solar energy mirror support, 5: integrated follow-up control apparatus, 6: power supplying apparatus (motor), 7: power transmission, 8: electric control device, 9: the sun, 10: be the device (generator) of electric energy with thermal power transfer, 11: thermal accumulator; 12: solar utilizing equipment support, 13: solar energy mirror transverse axis, 14: the solar energy mirror longitudinal axis, 15: solar utilizing equipment connected element, 16: solar energy mirror connected element, 17: linking mechanism, 18: the solar utilizing equipment follow-up control apparatus; 19: No. 1 position of solar facilities, 20: No. 2 positions of solar facilities, 21: No. 3 positions of solar facilities; 22: No. 4 positions of solar facilities.
Embodiment
The transfer point array solar collection and utilization system that 2 solar utilizing equipment of one: 4 solar energy mirror of embodiment form
The transfer point array solar collection and utilization system that is formed by 2 stirling generators of 4 solar energy mirror shown in accompanying drawing 1,2,3, Fig. 1,2,3 is respectively at the solar energy acquisition in the morning, noon, afternoon and utilizes situation, the morning among Fig. 1, the sun is risen by east, 1,2, No. 3 solar energy mirror respectively with solar focusing in 1, on No. 2 stirling generators, realize that the tracking of solar energy focuses on; Fig. 2 is noon, and the sun is positioned at the sky middle section, 1, No. 2 solar energy mirror respectively with solar focusing on No. 1 stirling generator, 3, No. 4 sun glassess focus on No. 2 solar energy and stay on the equipment, realize that the tracking of solar energy focuses on; Fig. 3 is afternoon, the sun is positioned at the west landing, 1 stirling generator is from No. 2 position movement to 1 positions, 2 stirling generators are from No. 3 position movement to 2 positions, No. 2 solar energy mirror respectively with solar focusing on No. 1 stirling generator, 3, No. 4 solar energy mirror realize solar focusing that respectively the tracking of solar energy focuses on No. 2 stirling generators.Four solar energy mirror focus on respectively on three different stirling generators, wherein No. 1 solar energy mirror utilization ratio be the morning to noon, No. 4 solar energy mirror utilizes the time to be noon and afternoon, 2,3 solar energy mirror utilize the time to be whole day, have improved like this 2, No. 3 solar energy mirror utilize the time, because 2, No. 3 mirrors can focus on 2, No. 3 stirling generators as required, thereby in one day tracing process, can preferred 2, No. 3 stirling generators, take the solar energy utilization ratio as target, simultaneously, with the tracking situation of stirling generator according to solar energy, along with the motion of solar energy, 1,2, move between No. 3 positions, in the process of solar energy tracking solar energy, stirling generator is also from 2, No. 3 positions, move to the position 1, No. 2, improved the collecting efficiency of solar energy mirror.
The transfer point array solar collection and utilization system that 6 solar utilizing equipment of two: 12 solar energy mirror of embodiment form
The transfer point array solar collection and utilization system that the present embodiment is comprised of 6 stirling generators of 12 solar energy mirror as shown in Figure 4,12 solar energy mirror are divided according to the array of three rows and four columns and are arranged, 6 stirling generators arrange according to the array of 3 row, 2 row, and stirling generator is separately positioned on the zone line of three row solar energy mirror.
In the morning, noon, in different time period in the afternoon, the 1-12 solar energy mirror can select 1-6 number different stirling generator to focus on, according to the solar energy acquisition efficient that reality obtains, select different focus points to focus on, be in the 1-12 solar energy mirror of diverse location, the also difference of the selection of the stirling generator that can focus on, for being in 1,5,9 of both sides, 4,8, No. 12 solar energy mirror can have 2 stirling generators can select to focus on, for being in 2 of centre, both sides, 3,10, No. 11 solar energy mirror, can select three stirling generators and performance to focus on, be in 6, No. 7 solar energy mirror of middle section, can select 1-6 number totally six stirling generators focus on, thereby each solar energy mirror, according to the difference of its position, can select respectively 2,3,6 stirling generators are realized the focusing utilization of solar energy.
Stirling generator consists of by 1-6 number, wherein 1,2, No. 3 is row, 4,5, No. 6 is secondary series, and the 1-6 stirling generator is in the solar energy tracking process, every morning is to evening, No. 1 stirling generator moves to the position No. 2 from 1 good position, and No. 2 stirling generator moves to the position No. 3 from 2 good positions, and No. 3 stirling generator moves to the position No. 4 from 3 good positions, equally, No. 4 stirling generator moves to the position No. 2 from 1 good position, and No. 5 stirling generator moves to the position No. 3 from 2 good positions, and No. 6 stirling generator moves to the position No. 4 from 3 good positions; In the present embodiment, stirling generator carries out the movement of level, and in the process of tracking solar, solar facilities carries out the movement of level.
Transfer point array acquisition system of the present invention, each solar energy mirror can realize different focusing according to the preferred different stirling generator of situation about focusing on, improve so greatly the utilization ratio of solar energy mirror, reduced the cost of solar energy mirror, increased system reliability.
Embodiment three: 1*3 transfer point solar energy tracking utilizes system
As shown in Figure 5, the present embodiment example adopts three parabola disc type solar energy mirrors (2), be arranged on the parabolic shape connected element, each solar energy mirror is connected with the parabolic shape connected element by system's axle, transverse axis in this system's axle is mutually vertical with the longitudinal axis, this embodiment is three solar brackets that the system's axle that is arranged on the connected element consists of, connected element does not move, and three system's axle motions, the setting of solar energy tracking control gear and each system's axle interconnect, in each solar energy mirror (2) physics and optical sensor are set, the solar energy tracking control gear is by motor, the integrated electronic control gear that driving gear and electronic control unit are grouped into, adopt the tracking system of physics and optical tracking complementation, realization is to the tracking of solar energy, simultaneously, on stirling generator, be provided with the solar facilities follow-up control apparatus, so that stirling generator is in the process of tracking solar, can rotate take the stirling generator support as round dot, the tracking of every day is rotated radian less than 45 degree.In the process of the sun comes up in the east west landing, three dish formula acquisition systems are by the control of solar tracking system, finish the tracking to solar energy system, each solar energy mirror is moved around each system's axle, and stirling generator is a photovoltaic generation battery, and solar energy is converted to electric energy, be arranged in the zone of focus of point focusing, equipment has cooling system simultaneously, realizes the cooling to solar panel, and all the other hotworks are that solar energy utilizes.Stirling generator is connected with ground, and in the solar energy movement process, stirling generator is in all the time and keeps relatively static on the position of focus.
Embodiment four: 2*2 array immovable point solar energy acquisition utilizes system
As shown in Figure 6, the present embodiment is realized the collection of solar energy by the compound parabolic disc type solar energy mirror of 2*2 array, each solar energy mirror is connected with straight line type transverse axis (13) by a straight line type connected element (16), solar energy mirror be connected with transverse axis again after connected element is connected, four solar energy mirror are arranged on the straight line cylinder transverse axis (13), four solar energy mirror are separately positioned on the two ends of transverse axis, be symmetric configuration, transverse axis is parallel with earth's axis, each solar energy mirror arranges a longitudinal axis, the longitudinal axis of two solar energy mirror on the left side and the angle of transverse axis are 30 degree, the longitudinal axis of two solar energy mirror on the right side and the angle of transverse axis are 60 degree, each solar energy mirror and the longitudinal axis interconnect, arrange by a power supplying apparatus and power transmission at transverse axis, the follow-up control apparatus that electric control device is integrated, arrange by a power supplying apparatus and power transmission at each longitudinal axis, the follow-up control apparatus that electric control device is integrated, be provided with optical sensor and physical sensors in each solar energy mirror, optical sensor on each sun glasses and physical sensors are transferred to electric control device with the signal that gathers, electric control device sends signal to five power supplying apparatus according to software program, by the driving of power transmission realization to five axles, realize solar energy tracking control (5), this embodiment is by a transverse axis and four solar brackets that the longitudinal axis forms, transverse axis does not intersect mutually with the longitudinal axis, five axles all are separate operations, stirling generator (1) is arranged on the top of solar energy mirror array, stirling generator connected element (15) is a semicircular structure, stirling generator moves along semi-circular connected element (15) in the process of tracking solar.Adopt the power generation system of a small-sized ORC circulation, realized the heat generating of solar energy, at the solar energy focus area, be provided with secondary focusing device (3).
Five: 9 Fresnel mirror arrays of embodiment immovable point solar energy acquisition utilizes system
As shown in Figure 7,9 Fresnel mirrors are arranged on the connected element of a rectangular hexahedron, the top is provided with 6, the side is provided with 2, rear side is provided with one, top and sidepiece are diaphotoscope, rear side is reflector, connected element is hexahedron, and the connected element transverse axis (13) parallel with rotation of the earth connects, and is provided with electronic control sensor device (8) at each Fresnel mirror, by follow-up control apparatus control to solar energy is set, be provided with integrated electric control device at transverse axis, provide signal to integrated manipulator by the sensor that is arranged on each Fresnel mirror, realize the tracking control to solar energy mirror.Follow-up control apparatus at transverse axis is provided with linking mechanism (17), in following the tracks of the control procedure of control mechanism realization to transverse axis, utilizes linking mechanism directly to control the Fresnel mirror that rear side arranges.The present embodiment is the solar bracket that an axle parallel with rotation of the earth and linking mechanism form, its connected element be shaped as hexahedron.Stirling generator is a solar cogeneration generator set, be arranged on Fresnel mirror below, sunlight (9) scioptics focus on the solar energy utilization and utilize on the equipment, have realized the utilization of solar energy.Stirling generator has a stirling generator stent support, at stirling generator follow-up control apparatus (18) is set, in the process of tracking solar, stirling generator carries out straight line motion along cylinder, remains relative with ground static in the process of Fresnel mirror tracking solar.
Embodiment six: 2*2*4 array immovable point solar energy acquisition utilizes system
As shown in Figure 8, the present embodiment adopts 16 solar energy mirror, carry out alignment placement according to two rows, every row adopts the structure of 2*4, in upper row's 2*4 structure, adopt 8 reflectors that solar energy mirror is point focusing, each reflector is connected with straight line cylinder connected element, connected element is connected with movable transverse axis (13), be provided with tracking and driving system at transverse axis, on 8 solar energy mirror, also be provided with 8 longitudinal axis (14), the longitudinal axis is vertical with transverse axis but mutually do not intersect, and is provided with integrated tracking control unit spare on each longitudinal axis.Be provided with sensor at each Fresnel mirror, signal is offered electronic control part, electronic control part provides control signal to provide parts to the power of a transverse axis (13) and 8 longitudinal axis, power provides parts to provide power to power transmission component, the electronic control part setting on the ground, power provides parts, power transmission component to be arranged on the solar energy mirror support, power transmission component is connected with the longitudinal axis with transverse axis, realization reflexes to solar energy with solar energy and utilizes on the parts the tracking of solar energy; This part forms solar bracket by a transverse axis and eight longitudinal axis, and transverse axis and the longitudinal axis are not in contact with one another intersection.
Adopting 8 solar energy mirror in lower row's 2*4 structure is parabolic reflector, parabolic reflector for the ultra-thin glass manufacturing, per four reflectors are connected with a Parabolic connected element (16), 8 reflectors are arranged on the common transverse axis, transverse axis and earth's axis angle are 5 degree, be provided with tracking control system at transverse axis, physics and optical sensor are installed on each reflector, sensor provides the follow-up control apparatus of signal to transverse axis, realizes the tracking to solar energy.This part only is provided with a transverse axis.Utilize simultaneously the parabolic shape connected element, per four solar energy mirror are consisted of a grooved tracking system.Thereby can adopt single transverse axis realization to the tracking of solar energy.
Stirling generator be provided with a movement (No. 2) with fixing (No. 1), the solar energy utilization is established on No. 2 and is provided with follow-up control apparatus, the connected element of No. 2 stirling generators is a leg-of-mutton structure, No. 2 stirling generator moves along hypotenuse, No. 1 stirling generator keeps fixing, in the time of in the morning, solar energy mirror focuses on stirling generator No. 1, then according to solar focusing efficient, when focusing on No. 2 stirling generators and be higher than No. 1 equipment, solar focusing on No. 2 equipment, is realized highly effective gathering and the utilization of solar energy.
In the present embodiment, stirling generator is a trapezoidal hot pipe solar photothermal converter of black matrix, realizes the solar energy acquisition of high temperature.
The 100*2*2*4 array of organizing is formed a solar heat acquisition system more, 100 solar energy black matrix photothermal converters that are made of heat pipe are connected, heat energy is stored or is transported in the power generating equipment, realize the heat generating of solar energy.
Claims (10)
1. transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system, comprise at least one stirling generator (1), can gather solar energy mirror (2), the solar energy mirror holder device (4) of support solar mirror, power supplying apparatus, the power transmission of solar energy, and electronic control system, it is characterized in that: solar energy mirror and at least one stirling generator of at least one or one group of point focusing; Stirling generator is arranged in the zone of the point-like that solar energy mirror focuses on, and be arranged on top or the below of solar energy mirror, stirling generator is arranged on (12) on the stirling generator support, solar energy mirror is arranged on the solar energy mirror support, at the solar energy mirror support or/and solar energy mirror or/and stirling generator is provided with follow-up control apparatus, follow-up control apparatus control solar energy mirror when sunlight changes with solar light focusing at least one stirling generator, in the solar energy tracking process of every day, focus at least one stirling generator, stirling generator moves in solar energy mirror tracking solar process, realizes that the tracking of solar energy focuses on utilization.
2. a kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: a plurality of solar energy mirror or organize more solar energy mirror in the tracking solar process with solar light focusing at least one stirling generator, solar energy tracking process in every day, have at least one or one group of solar energy mirror to focus at least two stirling generators, the stirling generator of the solar energy utilization ratio that each or every group of solar energy mirror are selected to reach the highest focuses on.
3. a kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: solar energy mirror and stirling generator adopt following a kind of mode to carry out matched motion:
A, solar energy mirror and solar energy mirror support and stirling generator do not interconnect, or/and adopt respectively different follow-up control apparatus on solar energy mirror support and the stirling generator, make solar energy mirror or/and solar energy mirror support and stirling generator move respectively in solar energy mirror;
B, have a solar energy mirror at least or/and solar energy mirror support and stirling generator interconnect, and by being arranged on the solar energy mirror support or/and solar energy mirror or/and the follow-up control apparatus on the stirling generator makes solar energy mirror move with stirling generator.
4. a kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described solar energy mirror support is comprised of with the supporting element of being connected rotating shaft and be connected with ground or installation position connected element, form the solar energy acquisition system by at least one or one group of solar energy mirror and solar energy mirror support, the solar energy acquisition system selects following at least a kind of:
Be provided with two rotating shafts on A, each solar energy mirror, one is called transverse axis another is called the longitudinal axis, and transverse axis and the longitudinal axis intersect mutually, comprises into 90 degree angles, and solar energy mirror connects to form the solar energy acquisition system with the solar energy mirror support that contains this rotating shaft;
B, each solar energy mirror are connected with two rotating shafts respectively, one is called transverse axis another is called the longitudinal axis, transverse axis is mutually non-cross with the longitudinal axis, on rotating shaft and the solar energy mirror or the solar energy mirror frame be connected to become the longitudinal axis, another one be connected to become transverse axis with solar energy mirror again after connected element is connected, solar energy mirror connects to form the solar energy acquisition system with the solar bracket that contains transverse axis and the longitudinal axis;
C, a plurality of solar energy mirror mutually are connected on and form a series connection group on the connected element, solar energy mirror on each series connection group is connected with a rotating shaft, this axle becomes the longitudinal axis, a plurality of series connection groups are parallel with one another to be connected on a connected element and with the another one rotating shaft, this axle becomes transverse axis, transverse axis intersects mutually with the longitudinal axis, comprises into 90 degree, and solar energy mirror connects to form the solar energy acquisition system with the solar bracket that contains transverse axis and the longitudinal axis;
D, a plurality of solar energy mirror mutually are connected on and form a series connection group on the connected element, solar energy mirror on each series connection group is connected with a rotating shaft, this axle becomes the longitudinal axis, a plurality of series connection groups are parallel with one another to be connected on a connected element and with the another one rotating shaft, this axle becomes transverse axis, transverse axis with and the longitudinal axis does not mutually intersect, solar energy mirror and the solar bracket that contains transverse axis and the longitudinal axis connect to form the solar energy acquisition system;
E, by the solar energy mirror of a point focusing or the solar energy mirror of one group of point focusing, contain solar brackets parallel with earth's axis or that form less than the rotating shaft of 90 degree angles and be connected with one.
5. a kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the geometrical shape of connected element or rotating shaft is selected from following at least a:
A, linear cylinder are provided with a plurality of solar energy mirror at cylinder, and preferred straight line is parallel with earth's axis;
B, be one or more of curve, parabolic shape, compound parabolic line style, hyperbolic parabola type;
C, be one or more of circle, polygonal, arc, rectangle.
6. a kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stirling generator support is comprised of with the supporting element of being connected rotating shaft and be connected with ground or installation position connected element, stirling generator be connected with rotating shaft again after connected element is connected, be connected with supporting element again;
The geometrical shape of described connected element or rotating shaft is selected from following at least a:
Linear cylinder is provided with a plurality of solar energy mirror at cylinder, and preferred straight line is parallel with earth's axis;
Be one or more of curve, parabolic shape, compound parabolic line style, hyperbolic parabola type;
C, be one or more of circle, polygonal, arc, rectangle.
7. according to claim 4 or 6 described a kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating systems, it is characterized in that: described follow-up control apparatus is comprised of integrated follow-up control apparatus and/or complete follow-up control apparatus:
Described integrated follow-up control apparatus provides parts by power, power transmission component, computer controlled member made consists of an integrated device, integrated device is arranged on solar energy mirror support or the stirling generator support and with rotating shaft and is connected, the electronic sensor device is arranged on solar energy mirror or the stirling generator, be provided with an integrated follow-up control apparatus in each rotating shaft, the electronic sensor device is sent to control signal on the computer controlled member made in the integrated device, is realized each solar energy mirror is followed the tracks of control by the rotation of integrated control device by a rotating shaft of control;
Described complete follow-up control apparatus provides parts by power, power transmission component, the electronic sensor parts, computer controlled member made forms, the electronic sensor device is arranged on solar energy mirror or the stirling generator, power transmission component is connected with rotating shaft, power transmission component is arranged on the solar energy mirror support, power provides parts and computer controlled member made to be arranged on the solar energy mirror support or follows the tracks of on support or stirling generator support or the ground, the electronic sensor device transmits computer controlled member made with control signal, the control power transmission component provides power to send rotating shaft to through power transmission component, the control of realization countershaft drives simultaneously the solar energy mirror that is arranged in the rotating shaft and follows the tracks of, and a plurality of sun glassess and rotating shaft are common adopts complete follow-up control apparatus to realize the tracking of solar energy is controlled;
Described electronic sensor parts adopt the sensor of optics or electronics, with optical signalling, the physical geographical position signal, electronic sensor signal or its combination, software in single-chip machine or computer calculates, realization is to the tracking of solar energy and the driving of solar energy mirror or stirling generator, optical signalling, the physical geographical position signal, electronic sensor signal or its combination are arranged on the solar energy mirror or link to each other on the stirling generator or on every side and with computer controlled member made, computer controlled member made provides parts to link to each other with power, and power provides parts to be connected with power transmission component.
8. a kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described power provides parts, be selected from following one of at least:
A, Mechanical Driven device;
B, phase transformation drive unit adopt the material that is enclosed in a space, make the increase of its pressure along with the increase of temperature, promote motion, realize following the tracks of;
C, utilize electric energy drive motor or hydraulic pressure installation to drive power transmission mechanism (10) to realize following the tracks of;
D, utilize gas pressure that the device of power is provided;
Described power transmission component be arranged on connected element or and supporting part on, and be connected with power supplying apparatus, power transmission component select from following one or more: gear mechanism (10), link chain mechanism, turbine and worm mechanism, linkage.
9. a kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the solar energy heat absorbing part of described Stirling-electric hybrid is relative with solar energy mirror, so that sunlight can be injected into the sunlight absorption site of Stirling-electric hybrid in the process of following the tracks of;
Be provided with an adopting heat pipes for heat transfer system at described Stirling-electric hybrid, the vaporizing end of heat pipe is arranged on the interior heat absorbing part that thermal energy transfer is arrived Stirling-electric hybrid in zone of the point-like of solar energy mirror focusing, be provided with solar energy on the external casing of heat pipe and select coating, the outer installment of heat pipe has lucalox and thermal insulating material.
10. a kind of transfer point array solar Stirling engine generating system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the optical frames of solar energy point focusing is selected from following a kind of or its combination:
The lens of A, point focusing comprise the lens that glass, Fresnel, nonmetal or nonmetal film or thin mirror form;
The reflector of B, point focusing comprises the lens that glass, Fresnel, nonmetal or nonmetal film or thin mirror form;
C, compound curved surface point focusing mirror comprise compound parabolic, compound hyperbolic parabola mirror;
D, by the one group of solar energy mirror that is formed by a plurality of plane mirrors or curved mirror, every group of solar energy mirror has the focus of a point focusing.
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