CN103304352B - N-propyl nitrate full-simulation explosive simulant - Google Patents
N-propyl nitrate full-simulation explosive simulant Download PDFInfo
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- CN103304352B CN103304352B CN201210297376.4A CN201210297376A CN103304352B CN 103304352 B CN103304352 B CN 103304352B CN 201210297376 A CN201210297376 A CN 201210297376A CN 103304352 B CN103304352 B CN 103304352B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to N-propyl nitrate full-simulation explosive simulant, belong to energetic material and imitation technology field.The object of the invention is to solve using n-Propyl Nitrate hazardous substance in kind directly as the object of reference of safety check instrument identification, there is high danger, and the full analogue simulation thing with n-Propyl Nitrate with aspects such as identical appearance, color, states of matter, density, chemical element compositions is provided.Three kinds of formulas of the present invention are as follows: formula 1: these stand-in are prepared from according to mol ratio 1:1 by ethanamide, formic acid; Formula 2: these stand-in are prepared from according to mol ratio 1:1:1 by formic acid, ethylene glycol and Malonamide; Formula 3: these stand-in are prepared from according to mol ratio 1:1:1 by ethanol, urea and propanedioic acid.The present invention can substitute the correction that explosive carries out the instruments such as safety check instrument, avoids potential safety hazard.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to N-propyl nitrate full-simulation explosive simulant, belong to energetic material and imitation technology field.
Background technology
Along with terror upgrading, anti-terrorism strength is constantly strengthened, and trial of strength that is terrified and antiterrorism also will continue for some time.Airport, station, harbour and crowd concentrate the place of comparatively dense and important place to be the objects of terrorist attacks always.Thus various countries strengthen all should carrying out safety inspection to the luggage in various different path and the belongings of personnel.Whether safety check instrument recognition material is before Explosive hazardous material, needs corresponding reference.Under normal circumstances, Explosive hazardous material is in kind unsuitable directly as object of reference, mainly due to phobia at heart to explosive of the insecurity of Explosive hazardous material and people.Especially on airport, station, the safety check place such as harbour, to the periodic check of safety check instrument or demarcate more outstanding.
N-Propyl Nitrate is a kind of colourless liquid, and explosive extremely strong and unusual unstable, slightly rubs and very easily blast, in the correction of safety check instrument, adopt true explosive to carry out verifying or demarcating to have high danger.
Using stand-in as the sample judging Explosive hazardous material, Explosive hazardous material can be distinguished from aspect emulation such as outward appearance, color, states of matter, density, chemical element compositions, global security staff and public security system personnel can be helped to a certain extent to reduce verification or demarcation Explosive hazardous material under the constraints such as dangerous instability as far as possible.
Although the stand-in of some liquid explosive have also been prepared by the U.S., Britain and Israel, the aspects such as its outward appearance, form and density are close with true thing, ordination number aspect is also close with true explosive, but elementary composition, the aspect such as element percentage content and color is different from true explosive, what can not reach full emulation should be effective, can only be x ray level emulation, affect the accuracy of safety check instrument recognition material.But up to the present, do not retrieve n-Propyl Nitrate stand-in and related data thereof.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve using n-Propyl Nitrate hazardous substance in kind directly as the object of reference of safety check instrument identification, there is high danger, and the full analogue simulation thing with n-Propyl Nitrate with aspects such as identical appearance, color, states of matter, density, chemical element compositions is provided, while guarantee safety check instrument recognition material accuracy, turn avoid and adopt the danger as object of reference in kind.
Mentality of designing of the present invention is: foundation n-Propyl Nitrate is elementary composition by CHON tetra-kinds, and molecular formula is C
3h
7nO
3, the percentage composition of each element is: C34.28%, H6.72%, O45.67%, N13.33%; Stand-in element percentage composition for preparation is identical, molecular formula is identical with relative molecular mass, first structure is designed, according to the molecular formula of n-Propyl Nitrate, the present invention adopts smallest common multiple method, the smallest molecule therefrom finding out stable existence in conjunction with method for splitting and factorization is assembled, and make every effort to stand-in at element percentage composition, color appearance, the aspects such as density are consistent with true explosive.
1, elementary composition and characteristic is determined
Consider according to the element formed in n-Propyl Nitrate molecule and elementary composition percentage composition, take into full account element percentage composition, ordination number, density, the factors such as color appearance, n-Propyl Nitrate is carried out split or by n-Propyl Nitrate molecular formula and elementary composition expansion n doubly, as 2 × C
12h
10o
2=C
24h
20o
4, then split compound is elementary composition, select the mixed in theory composition of micromolecular compound, the element percentage composition of its mixture is identical with n-Propyl Nitrate.
2, simulation composition is solved with ordination number
Calculate the composition of n-Propyl Nitrate and ordination number according to the method for formula (1), as calculated, only have elementary composition percentage composition more close, ordination number could coincide, just more accurate with explosive n-Propyl Nitrate molecule.
3, accurate measurement, premix and assembling stand-in.
It not simple mixing in process for preparation, if solid matter mixes mutually or solid-liquid mixing, then to fusing point by a part of heating materials, it is made to melt rear and other component obtained pre-composite A in advance, again the third material is added after complete dispersing and mixing is even, assemble under high-speed stirring and Elevated Temperature Conditions, some materials are then by dispersion, solve intermiscibility, organic element parcel water molecules (when mainly referring to trace water content) should be obtained as moisture, stand-in are made to have excellent intermiscibility, do not present demixing phenomenon and obtain corresponding explosive simulant.If liquid mixes mutually, direct two kinds of liquid are mutual misciblely to be assembled.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Three kinds of formulas of N-propyl nitrate full-simulation explosive simulant of the present invention are as follows:
Formula 1: these stand-in are prepared from according to mol ratio 1:1 by ethanamide, formic acid;
Formula 2: these stand-in are prepared from according to mol ratio 1:1:1 by formic acid, ethylene glycol and Malonamide;
Formula 3: these stand-in are prepared from according to mol ratio 1:1:1 by ethanol, urea and propanedioic acid.
Wherein, to adopt formula 1 to prepare the concrete preparation process of these stand-in as follows in the present invention:
Take ethanamide and formic acid according to the proportionlity of formula 1, in ethanamide, add formic acid, leave standstill and dissolve completely to solid matter, under the stirring velocity of 800r/min, be warming up to 50 DEG C, dispersed with stirring 1h, obtain n-Propyl Nitrate Fluid simulation thing.
It is as follows that the present invention adopts formula 2 to prepare the concrete preparation process of these stand-in:
Take formic acid, ethylene glycol and Malonamide according to the proportionlity of formula 2, under the stirring velocity of 500r/min, ethylene glycol is added in formic acid, dispersed with stirring 30min; And then be warming up to 50 DEG C and add Malonamide, keep 50 DEG C of constant temperature to be stirred to Malonamide and dissolve completely; Adjust stirring velocity again to 800r/min, continue to stir 30min, be cooled to discharging after normal temperature, obtain n-Propyl Nitrate Fluid simulation thing.
It is as follows that the present invention adopts formula 3 to prepare the concrete preparation process of these stand-in:
Ethanol, urea and propanedioic acid is taken according to the proportionlity of formula 3, urea is added in ethanol, 60 DEG C are warming up under the stirring velocity of 600r/min, constant temperature is stirred to and dissolves completely, and adjustment rotating speed is 800r/min, adds propanedioic acid while stirring with the speed of 20g/min, after treating that solid matter dissolves completely, continue to stir 30min, be cooled to discharging after normal temperature, the Fluid simulation thing of n-Propyl Nitrate.
Beneficial effect
The present invention obtain n-Propyl Nitrate stand-in, not only substantially identical in color, outward appearance, density, and the aspect such as ordination number, elementary composition, element percentage composition all fits like a glove with true explosive, but its molecular structure and true explosive have the different of essence, do not blast.Thus avoid the danger that public place uses true explosive to bring, the correction that explosive carries out the instruments such as safety check instrument can be substituted, decrease some unsafe factors in use procedure, and can reuse, significant to the correction of instrument etc., and can be used for sample of imparting knowledge to students.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, content of the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
First according to the proportionlity of formula 1, mol ratio is converted into mass ratio, 1:1 calculates in molar ratio, desirable ethanamide 59.07g, formic acid 46.03g.Get the clean Erlenmeyer flask of 300ml, put into magneton in order to stirring, add the ethanamide 59.07g of accurate measurement, continue the formic acid 46.03g adding precise, leave standstill and dissolve completely to solid matter, start stirring, be warming up to 50 DEG C, control stirring velocity 800r/min, stir 1h, obtain n-Propyl Nitrate Fluid simulation thing.Element percentage composition is after measured: C34.35%, H6.70%, O45.65%, N13.30%, error is within ± 2%, its ordination number is equal with n-Propyl Nitrate as calculated, compared with n-Propyl Nitrate, ordination number is equal, and color appearance is identical, element percentage composition, within limit of error, is fit to n-Propyl Nitrate.
Embodiment 2
First according to the proportionlity of formula 2, mol ratio is converted into mass ratio, 1:1:1 calculates in molar ratio, desirable formic acid 46.03g, ethylene glycol 62.07g and Malonamide 102.09g, get the clean Erlenmeyer flask of 300ml, put into magneton in order to stirring, first the formic acid 46.03g accurately taken is added, open and stir, adjustment stirring velocity 500r/min, add ethylene glycol 62.07g, stir 30min, be warming up to 50 DEG C, add Malonamide 102.09g, continue to be stirred to Malonamide to dissolve completely, stirring velocity 800r/min is adjusted after solid dissolves completely, continue to stir 30min, be cooled to discharging after room temperature, obtain n-Propyl Nitrate Fluid simulation thing.Element percentage composition is after measured: C34.20%, H6.69%, O45.76%, N13.35%, error is within ± 2%, its ordination number is equal with n-Propyl Nitrate as calculated, compared with n-Propyl Nitrate, ordination number is equal, and color appearance is identical, element percentage composition, within limit of error, is fit to n-Propyl Nitrate.
Embodiment 3
First according to the proportionlity of formula 3, mol ratio is converted into mass ratio, 1:1:1 calculates in molar ratio, desirable ethanol 46.07g, urea 60.05g and propanedioic acid 104.06g, get the clean Erlenmeyer flask of 300ml, put into magneton in order to stirring, add the ethanol 46.07g accurately taken, open and stir, 60 DEG C are warming up under the stirring velocity of 600r/min, add urea 60.05g, be stirred to and dissolve completely, after treating that urea dissolves completely, propanedioic acid 104.06g is added with the speed of 20g/min, adjustment rotating speed 800r/min, stir while adding, after treating that solid matter dissolves completely, continue to stir 30min and be cooled to normal temperature discharging, the Fluid simulation thing of n-Propyl Nitrate.Element percentage composition is after measured: C34.25%, H6.75%, O45.74%, N13.26%, error is within ± 2%, its ordination number is equal with n-Propyl Nitrate as calculated, compared with n-Propyl Nitrate, ordination number is equal, and color appearance is identical, element percentage composition, within limit of error, is fit to n-Propyl Nitrate.
The element percentage composition of the n-Propyl Nitrate stand-in of each embodiment and density and n-Propyl Nitrate authentic sample Data Comparison as shown in the table:
Claims (1)
1. N-propyl nitrate full-simulation explosive simulant, is characterized in that three kinds of formulas are as follows:
Formula 1: these stand-in are prepared from according to mol ratio 1:1 by ethanamide, formic acid;
Formula 2: these stand-in are prepared from according to mol ratio 1:1:1 by formic acid, ethylene glycol and Malonamide;
Formula 3: these stand-in are prepared from according to mol ratio 1:1:1 by ethanol, urea and propanedioic acid;
The concrete preparation process that employing formula 1 prepares these stand-in is as follows:
Take ethanamide and formic acid according to the proportionlity of formula 1, in ethanamide, add formic acid, leave standstill and dissolve completely to solid matter, under the stirring velocity of 800r/min, be warming up to 50 DEG C, dispersed with stirring 1h, obtain n-Propyl Nitrate Fluid simulation thing;
The concrete preparation process that employing formula 2 prepares these stand-in is as follows:
Take formic acid, ethylene glycol and Malonamide according to the proportionlity of formula 2, under the stirring velocity of 500r/min, ethylene glycol is added in formic acid, dispersed with stirring 30min; And then be warming up to 50 DEG C and add Malonamide, keep 50 DEG C of constant temperature to be stirred to Malonamide and dissolve completely; Adjust stirring velocity again to 800r/min, continue to stir 30min, be cooled to discharging after normal temperature, obtain n-Propyl Nitrate Fluid simulation thing;
The concrete preparation process that employing formula 3 prepares these stand-in is as follows:
Ethanol, urea and propanedioic acid is taken according to the proportionlity of formula 3, urea is added in ethanol, 60 DEG C are warming up under the stirring velocity of 600r/min, constant temperature is stirred to and dissolves completely, and adjustment rotating speed is 800r/min, adds propanedioic acid while stirring with the speed of 20g/min, after treating that solid matter dissolves completely, continue to stir 30min, be cooled to discharging after normal temperature, the Fluid simulation thing of n-Propyl Nitrate.
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| CN201210297376.4A CN103304352B (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2012-08-20 | N-propyl nitrate full-simulation explosive simulant |
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| CN201210297376.4A CN103304352B (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2012-08-20 | N-propyl nitrate full-simulation explosive simulant |
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| CN103304352B true CN103304352B (en) | 2015-10-14 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3457329A (en) * | 1968-02-21 | 1969-07-22 | Us Navy | Inert simulant composition for a plastic bonded explosive |
| US5958299A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-09-28 | Regents Of The University Of California | Explosive simulants for testing explosive detection systems |
| US8114230B1 (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-02-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Composition 4 (C-4) simulants |
| CN102539409A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | Method for increasing detection sensitivity of laser Raman spectroscopy by adopting molecularly imprinted material |
| CN102621124A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-08-01 | 北京理工大学 | Method for improving detection sensitivity of laser-Raman spectrum through adopting molecularly imprinted material |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007108797A2 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2007-09-27 | Gma Industries | A method of producing energetically-inert pseudoscents of explosive materials, and compositions thereof |
-
2012
- 2012-08-20 CN CN201210297376.4A patent/CN103304352B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3457329A (en) * | 1968-02-21 | 1969-07-22 | Us Navy | Inert simulant composition for a plastic bonded explosive |
| US5958299A (en) * | 1997-12-01 | 1999-09-28 | Regents Of The University Of California | Explosive simulants for testing explosive detection systems |
| US8114230B1 (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2012-02-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Composition 4 (C-4) simulants |
| CN102539409A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2012-07-04 | 北京理工大学 | Method for increasing detection sensitivity of laser Raman spectroscopy by adopting molecularly imprinted material |
| CN102621124A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-08-01 | 北京理工大学 | Method for improving detection sensitivity of laser-Raman spectrum through adopting molecularly imprinted material |
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