CN103303902A - Preparation method of environment-friendly economic luminescent carbon quantum dot - Google Patents
Preparation method of environment-friendly economic luminescent carbon quantum dot Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method and application of an environment-friendly economic luminescent carbon quantum dot. The method disclosed by the invention mainly comprises the following steps of: with bagasse as a carbon source material, adding the bagasse into a mineralizer aqueous solution, and heating by using a hydro-thermal synthesis reaction kettle in a muffle furnace at the temperature of 180 DEG C for 4h; centrifuging a brownish black reaction liquid at a high speed, and then, collecting a supernatant for dialyzing; collecting the reaction liquid in a dialysis bag, cooling the reaction liquid, and then, transferring the reaction liquid into a freezer drier for freeze-drying to finally obtain a powdery carbon quantum dot. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of simplicity, convenience and rapidness in operation as well as simplicity in preparation process and equipment; and the environment-friendly economic luminescent carbon quantum dot is made of daily wastes as raw materials and is low in cost, environment-friendly and easy to popularize. The carbon quantum dot prepared by the invention has the excellent characteristics of favorable dispersibility, water solubility, fluorescent stability, biocompatibility and the like, and is successfully applied to living cell imaging and marking.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the environmental protection and economy type carbon quantum dot of single stage method preparation and in biomedical imaging, use, belong to nano material and biomedical engineering field.
Background technology
Quantum dot (quantum dots, QDs) also is called semiconductor nanocrystal, refers to that diameter is at 1-10nm, by the semiconductor nano fluorescent grain of a small amount of atomic building.Therefore the motion of its internal electron on all directions all limited to, and energy all is quantized on three directions, and (quantum confinement) is remarkable especially for quantum confinement effect.Because the absorb light spectrum width of quantum dot is and continuous, emmission spectrum is then narrow and symmetrical, so can reach the optical property adjustability by the composition and size of regulating quantum dot.The optical property of this uniqueness and be easy to surface-functionalized modification is so that quantum dot is widely used in the biomedical sectors such as bio-imaging, cell marking and DNA detection.Although heavy metal quantum dot such as CdSe, CdTe, the PbTe etc. of surface modification parcel can reduce bio-toxicity to a certain extent, the unavoidable existence reveals when practical application, and its potential bio-toxicity can cause a significant threat environmental and human health impacts.
Carbon quantum dot (carbondots, CDs) as the rising star in the nano-luminescent material family, not only possesses the optical property that is similar to heavy metal quantum dot excellence, and have synthetic convenience, abundant raw material, good characteristics such as biocompatibility, possess and meet needed good characteristic in biomarker and biomedical imaging.Report about preparation carbon quantum dot method is a lot of at present, mainly comprise laser lift-off graphite method, electrochemical oxidation process, arc discharge method, microwave process for synthesizing, chemical oxidization method and high temperature pyrolytic cracking (HTP) etc., the raw material of employing mainly contains Graphene, carbon nanotube, gac, candle ash and small molecules organic compound etc.Carboxyl often is rich on prepared carbon quantum dot surface, need to be rich in the amino further passivation of compound after, the optical property that guarantee carbon quantum dot is stable.These methods often need large-scale equipment in addition, relatively expensive raw material and complicated subsequent disposal means etc., and these have all limited scale operation and the practical application of fluorescent carbon quantum dot to a great extent.Therefore, explore and to utilize cheap and easy to get, Nantural non-toxic and environmentally friendly precursor, the carbon nano-particles that utilizes the simple effective method preparation to have high fluorescence property is very important.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for preparation environmental protection and economy type carbon quantum dot is set up a kind of easy and simple to handle, device simple, raw material is cheap and environmental protection synthetic method.
Another object of the present invention is to widen fluorescent carbon quantum dot in the application of biomedical sector, comprises viable cell imaging, viable cell labelling and fluorescent tracing etc.
Single stage method of the present invention prepares the method for environmental protection and economy type carbon quantum dot, may further comprise the steps:
(1) takes by weighing the bagasse of certain mass, place the corresponding mineralizer aqueous solution; The feed ratio of bagasse and mineralizer is 0.1～10g.ml
-1
(2) in hydrothermal reaction kettle, behind the pyrolytic reaction certain hour, obtain the solution of brownish black;
(3) solution that step (2) is obtained is injected in the dialysis tubing behind centrifugal removal macrobead and dialyses, and dialysis time is 72h, and every interval 12h changes water one time;
(4) product of will dialysing is rotated evaporation, obtains concentrated solution;
(5) concentrated solution is carried out lyophilize to Powdered, obtain pulverous carbon quantum dot.
(1) collects discarded bagasse, put into baking box and dry to constant weight; Packing places in the refrigerator and saves backup;
(2) bagasse that takes by weighing certain mass is put into the hydrothermal reaction kettle that fills the mineralizer aqueous solution;
(3) reactor is placed retort furnace stove pyrolytic reaction certain hour after, obtain the solution of brown color;
(4) solution that step (2) is obtained is injected in the dialysis tubing behind centrifugal removal macrobead and dialyses, and dialysis time is 72h, and every interval 12h changes water one time;
(5) product of will dialysing is rotated evaporation, obtains concentrated solution;
(6) concentrated solution is carried out lyophilize to Powdered under-50 ℃ of conditions, obtain the carbon quantum dot of high fluorescence property;
The mineralizer aqueous solution is the NaOH aqueous solution in the described step.
Mineralising agent concentration scope is for being 0～2M in the described step.
Reaction vessel in the described step is with the teflon-lined hydrothermal reaction kettle.
Lyophilize in the described step is to carry out under-50 ℃ of conditions.
Described amino-carbon quantum dot is applicable to viable cell imaging and mark.
The invention has the advantages that:
It is carbon source material that A selects daily refuse bagasse first, the reasonable utilization of cheap and easy to get, environmental protection, realization refuse.
B preparation technology's device simple of the present invention, easy and simple to handle, product does not need to be further purified, and is fit to large-scale commercial production.
The fluorescent carbon quantum dot of C the present invention preparation not only has higher optical property, and has preferably cell compatibility.Especially sterically hindered little, permeate through cell membranes enters in the cell fast, and the fluorescent probe that therefore relatively is suitable as viable cell imaging and mark is applied to biomedical sector.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the reaction schematic diagram that the present invention prepares fluorescent carbon quantum dot.
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope picture that the present invention prepares fluorescent carbon quantum dot.
Fig. 3 is the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy figure that the present invention prepares the fluorescent carbon quantum dot aqueous solution.Illustration is the picture of the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution under visible light and ultra violet lamp.
Fig. 4 is the fluorescence spectrum figure that different time prepares fluorescent carbon quantum dot.
Fig. 5 is the A59 cell laser co-focusing figure that the present invention prepares the fluorescent carbon quantum dot mark.
Embodiment
The present invention is that employing bagasse is precursor, by hydrothermal synthesis method, realizes rapid, high volume ground preparation water-soluble fluorescent carbon quantum dot.
Further specify technological line of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment.Collect discarded bagasse in the market of farm produce, dry to constant weight packing refrigeration for subsequent use.Select the stainless steel hydrothermal reaction kettle of middle Kai Ya company, interior band polytetrafluoroethyllining lining.Heating unit is that equipment is the electric oven that Glanz company produces.
Embodiment 1: take by weighing 1g bagasse and join in the 20ml distilled water.Reaction solution is packed in the stainless steel cauldron with 50ml polytetrafluoroethyl-ne liner, and 180 ℃ of thermostatically heating 1h in electric oven obtain to contain the pale yellow solution of carbon quantum dot.Behind the solution naturally cooling, filter the insoluble black precipitate of removal with Medium speed filter paper, the centrifugal macrobead of removing of 15000g, the collection supernatant liquor is injected in the dialysis tubing that the molecular retention amount is 1000Da dialyses, and dialysis time is 72h, and every interval 12h changes water one time.The product of will dialysing is rotated evaporation, obtains concentrated solution.Concentrated solution is carried out lyophilize to Powdered under-50 ℃ of conditions, yield is 0%.
Embodiment 2: take by weighing 1g bagasse and join in the 20ml0.6M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.Reaction solution is packed in the stainless steel cauldron with 50ml polytetrafluoroethyl-ne liner, and 180 ℃ of thermostatically heating 1h in electric oven obtain to contain the pale yellow solution of carbon quantum dot.Behind the solution naturally cooling, filter the insoluble black precipitate of removal with Medium speed filter paper, the centrifugal macrobead of removing of 15000g, the collection supernatant liquor is injected in the dialysis tubing that the molecular retention amount is 1000Da dialyses, and dialysis time is 72h, and every interval 12h changes water one time.The product of will dialysing is rotated evaporation, obtains concentrated solution.Concentrated solution is carried out lyophilize to Powdered under-50 ℃ of conditions, obtain the carbon quantum dot of high fluorescence property, yield is 2.17%.
Embodiment 3: take by weighing 1g bagasse and join in the 20ml0.8M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.Reaction solution is packed in the stainless steel cauldron with 50ml polytetrafluoroethyl-ne liner, and 180 ℃ of thermostatically heating 2h in electric oven obtain to contain the pale yellow solution of carbon quantum dot.Behind the solution naturally cooling, filter the insoluble black precipitate of removal with Medium speed filter paper, the centrifugal macrobead of removing of 15000g, the collection supernatant liquor is injected in the dialysis tubing that the molecular retention amount is 1000Da dialyses, and dialysis time is 72h, and every interval 12h changes water one time.The product of will dialysing is rotated evaporation, obtains concentrated solution.Concentrated solution is carried out lyophilize to Powdered under-50 ℃ of conditions, obtain the carbon quantum dot of high fluorescence property, yield is 3.24%.
Embodiment 4: take by weighing 1g bagasse and join in the 20ml1M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.Reaction solution is packed in the stainless steel cauldron with 50ml polytetrafluoroethyl-ne liner, and 180 ℃ of thermostatically heating 3h in electric oven obtain to contain the pale yellow solution of carbon quantum dot.Behind the solution naturally cooling, filter the insoluble black precipitate of removal with Medium speed filter paper, the centrifugal macrobead of removing of 15000g, the collection supernatant liquor is injected in the dialysis tubing that the molecular retention amount is 1000Da dialyses, and dialysis time is 72h, and every interval 12h changes water one time.The product of will dialysing is rotated evaporation, obtains concentrated solution.Concentrated solution is carried out lyophilize to Powdered under-50 ℃ of conditions, obtain the carbon quantum dot of high fluorescence property, yield is 4.33%.
Embodiment 5: take by weighing 1g bagasse and join in the 20ml1.2M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.Reaction solution is packed in the stainless steel cauldron with 50ml polytetrafluoroethyl-ne liner, and 180 ℃ of thermostatically heating 4h in electric oven obtain to contain the pale yellow solution of carbon quantum dot.Behind the solution naturally cooling, filter the insoluble black precipitate of removal with Medium speed filter paper, the centrifugal macrobead of removing of 15000g, the collection supernatant liquor is injected in the dialysis tubing that the molecular retention amount is 1000Da dialyses, and dialysis time is 72h, and every interval 12h changes water one time.The product of will dialysing is rotated evaporation, obtains concentrated solution.Concentrated solution is carried out lyophilize to Powdered under-50 ℃ of conditions, obtain the carbon quantum dot of high fluorescence property, yield is 2,44%.
Embodiment 6: take by weighing 1g bagasse and join in the 20ml1.4M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.Reaction solution is packed in the stainless steel cauldron with 50ml polytetrafluoroethyl-ne liner, and 180 ℃ of thermostatically heating 5h in electric oven obtain to contain the pale yellow solution of carbon quantum dot.Behind the solution naturally cooling, filter the insoluble black precipitate of removal with Medium speed filter paper, the centrifugal macrobead of removing of 15000g, the collection supernatant liquor is injected in the dialysis tubing that the molecular retention amount is 1000Da dialyses, and dialysis time is 72h, and every interval 12h changes water one time.The product of will dialysing is rotated evaporation, obtains concentrated solution.Concentrated solution is carried out lyophilize to Powdered under-50 ℃ of conditions, obtain the carbon quantum dot of high fluorescence property, yield is 1.89%.
Embodiment 7: take by weighing 1g bagasse and join in the 20ml2M aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.Reaction solution is packed in the stainless steel cauldron with 50ml polytetrafluoroethyl-ne liner, and 180 ℃ of thermostatically heating 5h in electric oven obtain to contain the pale yellow solution of carbon quantum dot.Behind the solution naturally cooling, filter the insoluble black precipitate of removal with Medium speed filter paper, the centrifugal macrobead of removing of 15000g, the collection supernatant liquor is injected in the dialysis tubing that the molecular retention amount is 1000Da dialyses, and dialysis time is 72h, and every interval 12h changes water one time.The product of will dialysing is rotated evaporation, obtains concentrated solution.Concentrated solution is carried out lyophilize to Powdered under-50 ℃ of conditions, obtain the carbon quantum dot of high fluorescence property, yield is 0.56%.
Embodiment 8: above-described embodiment gained sample is characterized:
Morphology characterization
Utilize transmission electron microscope TEM to characterize the pattern of carbon quantum dot.The result shows that the pattern of synthetic carbon quantum dot is the comparatively particulate state of homogeneous, and has good dispersiveness in the aqueous solution.Referring to Fig. 2.
Optical characteristics characterizes
Utilize spectrophotofluorometer and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer to characterize the optical characteristics of carbon quantum dot.Upper right illustration is the picture of the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution under the irradiation of white light and UV-light (365nm).Referring to Fig. 3
Different preparation times are on the impact of fluorescence property
Utilize spectrophotofluorometer to characterize the fluorescent characteristic of the carbon quantum dot aqueous solution droplets of different preparation times acquisitions.Referring to Fig. 4.Fluorescent value reached maximum after preparation time reached 4H.
The sign that viable cell labelling is used
Utilize confocal microscope that the quantum dot-labeled A59 cell of carbon is carried out the sign that viable cell labelling is used.Referring to Fig. 5.The carbon quantum dot of the present invention preparation is easily by cellular uptake, need not cell and fixes and punch, and is suitable for viable cell labelling and imaging.
Claims (5)
1. one kind with the bagasse material, and the fluorescent carbon quantum dot for preparing in the mineralizer aqueous solution is characterized in that being prepared from by following methods:
(1) take by weighing bagasse, place the mineralizer aqueous solution, the feed ratio of bagasse and mineralizer is 0.1～10 g.ml
-1;
(2) in hydrothermal reaction kettle, after the pyrolytic reaction, obtain the solution of brownish black;
(3) solution that step (2) is obtained is injected in the dialysis tubing behind centrifugal removal macrobead and dialyses, and dialysis time is 72h, and every interval 12h changes water one time;
(4) product of will dialysing is rotated evaporation, obtains concentrated solution;
(5) concentrated solution is carried out lyophilize to Powdered, obtain pulverous carbon quantum dot.
According to claim 1 described a kind of take bagasse as carbon source material the preparation fluorescent carbon quantum dot, it is characterized in that: the mineralizer aqueous solution in the described step of step (1) is aqueous sodium hydroxide solution.
3. the fluorescent carbon quantum dot of described a kind of preparation take bagasse as carbon source material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the reaction vessel in the described step of step (2) is for the teflon-lined hydrothermal reaction kettle.
According to claim 1 described a kind of take bagasse as carbon source material the preparation fluorescent carbon quantum dot, it is characterized in that: the pyrolytic reaction time in the described step of step (2) is 1-12 hour.
5. the fluorescent carbon quantum dot of described a kind of preparation take bagasse as raw material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the described dialysis of step (3) is that to adopt molecular weight cut-off be that nitrocellulose dialysis tubing in 1～30kDa scope separates supernatant liquor.
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| CN117186888A (en) * | 2023-08-27 | 2023-12-08 | 桂林理工大学 | Preparation method of multicolor fluorescence chiral carbon quantum dot |
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