CN103296458A - Communication-on-the-move antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a communication-on-the-move antenna which comprises a funnel-shaped metamaterial structure. The metamaterial structure is composed of four same metamaterial flat boards in a splicing mode, the flat boards are in a trapezoid shape, each metamaterial flat board corresponds to a feed source and comprises a core layer and a reflecting layer arranged on the surface of one side of each core layer, each core layer comprises a core layer slice or a plurality of same core layer slices, and each core layer slice comprises a first sheet-shaped substrate and a plurality of first artificial micro-structures arranged on the first substrate. Distribution of the refractive index of the core layer slices is accurately designed, so that electromagnetic waves emitted by each feed source are emitted in a plane wave mode after passing through the corresponding metamaterial flat boards, or plane waves from a satellite and with a certain angle are gathered on the corresponding feed sources after passing through the metamaterial flat boards. According to the communication-on-the-move antenna, the four sheet-shaped metamaterial flat boards are combined to replace a traditional paraboloid antenna, manufacturing and processing are easier, and the cost is lower.

Description

A kind of communication in moving antenna

Technical field

The present invention relates to the communications field, more particularly, relate to a kind of communication in moving antenna.

Background technology

Communication in moving is the abbreviation of " the ground satellite station communication system in mobile ".By the communication in moving system, but mobile carrier such as vehicle, steamer, aircraft is platform such as real-time tracking satellite in motion process, transmit multimedia messagess such as voice, data, image incessantly, can satisfy the needs of the multimedia communication under various military-civil emergency communications and the mobile condition.The communication in moving system has solved mobile vehicles such as various vehicles, steamer well and has passed through geostationary satellite at the volley, constantly transmit in real time the difficulty of the multimedia messagess such as dynamic video image, fax of voice, data, high definition, it is the once great breakthrough of the communications field, be current satellite communication field in great demand, develop application rapidly, in two fields of the army and the people development prospect is very widely arranged.

As an important component part of communication in moving system, the communication in moving antenna is responsible for reception and/or the transmission of signal of communication, and traditional communication in moving antenna generally adopts parabolic antenna.

But because the Machining of Curved Surface difficulty of the reflecting surface of parabolic antenna is big, required precision is also high, therefore, make trouble, and cost is higher.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is at the defective that existing communication in moving antenna processing is difficult for, cost is high, to provide a kind of communication in moving antenna simple, low cost of manufacture of processing.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of communication in moving antenna, described communication in moving antenna comprises and is funnelform metamaterial structure, described metamaterial structure is formed by four identical trapezoidal dull and stereotyped assembly units of super material that are, the dull and stereotyped corresponding feed of each super material, the reflector that each super material flat board comprises core layer and is arranged on core layer one side surface, described core layer comprises a core layer lamella or a plurality of identical core layer lamella, each core layer lamella comprises first base material of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of first artificial micro-structural on first base material that the refraction index profile of described core layer lamella satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA0000139896990000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}^2+s^2}-\mathrm{Vseg}}{D};$

Vseg＝s+λ×NUMseg；

$\mathrm{NUMseg}=\mathrm{floor}\left\{\frac{\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA0000139896990000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}^2+s^2}-s}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}\right\};$

$D=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{n_{\max }-n_{\min }};$

Wherein, radius is the refractive index value at r place on n (r) the expression core layer lamella, and the refraction index profile center of circle of core layer lamella is the feed equivalent point in the projection on plane, the dull and stereotyped outer surface place of super material, and the lower edge of the described center of circle and super material flat board is at a distance of sy;

S is the vertical range of feed equivalent point to super material flat board;

n _MaxThe maximum of the refractive index of expression core layer lamella;

n _MinThe minimum value of the refractive index of expression core layer lamella;

λ represents that frequency is the electromagnetic wavelength of center of antenna frequency;

Floor represents to round downwards.

Further, described first base material comprises first prebasal plate and first metacoxal plate of sheet, the described a plurality of first artificial micro-structural is folded between first prebasal plate and first metacoxal plate, the thickness of described core layer lamella is 0.21-2.5mm, wherein, the thickness of first prebasal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of first metacoxal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of a plurality of first artificial micro-structurals is 0.01-0.5mm.

Further, the thickness of described core layer lamella is 0.543mm, and wherein, the thickness of first prebasal plate and first metacoxal plate is 0.254mm, and the thickness of a plurality of first artificial micro-structurals is 0.035mm.

Further, each super material flat board also comprises the impedance matching layer that is arranged on core layer opposite side surface, described impedance matching layer comprises an impedance matching layer lamella or the identical impedance matching layer lamella of a plurality of thickness, described impedance matching layer lamella comprises second base material of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of second artificial micro-structural on second base material that the refraction index profile of described one or more impedance matching layer lamellas satisfies following formula:

$n_i\left(r\right)={n_{\min }}^{\frac{i}{m}}\&times;n{\left(r\right)}^{\frac{m-i}{m}};$

Wherein, n _i(r) radius is the refractive index value at r place on the expression impedance matching layer lamella, and the refraction index profile center of circle of impedance matching layer lamella is the feed equivalent point in the projection on corresponding plane, impedance matching layer lamella outer surface place;

Wherein, i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, and near the m that is numbered of the impedance matching layer lamella of feed, to the core layer direction, numbering reduces successively by feed, is numbered 1 near the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer;

Above-mentioned n _Max, n _MinMaximum, minimum value with the refractive index of core layer lamella is identical respectively.

Further, each super material flat board also comprises the impedance matching layer that is arranged on core layer opposite side surface, described impedance matching layer comprises an impedance matching layer lamella or the identical impedance matching layer lamella of a plurality of thickness, described impedance matching layer lamella comprises second base material of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of second artificial micro-structural on second base material, described each impedance matching layer lamella has single refractive index, and the refractive index of described one or more impedance matching layer lamellas satisfies following formula:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}};$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of impedance matching layer, and i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, wherein, and near the m that is numbered of the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer.

Further, described second base material comprises second prebasal plate and second metacoxal plate of sheet, the described a plurality of second artificial micro-structural is folded between second prebasal plate and second metacoxal plate, the thickness of described impedance matching layer lamella is 0.21-2.5mm, wherein, the thickness of second prebasal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of second metacoxal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of a plurality of second artificial micro-structurals is 0.01-0.5mm.

Further, the described first artificial micro-structural and the second artificial micro-structural be the metal micro structure for being made of copper cash or silver-colored line all, and described metal micro structure is attached to respectively on first base material and second base material by etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method.

Further, described metal micro structure is the plane flakes, described metal micro structure has first metal wire and second metal wire of vertically dividing equally mutually, described first metal wire is identical with the length of second metal wire, the described first metal wire two ends are connected with two first metal branches of equal length, the described first metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two first metal branches, the described second metal wire two ends are connected with two second metal branches of equal length, the described second metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two second metal branches, the equal in length of the described first metal branch and the second metal branch.

Further, each first metal branch of the alabastrine metal micro structure in described plane and the two ends of each second metal branch also are connected with identical the 3rd metal branch, and the mid point of corresponding the 3rd metal branch links to each other with the end points of the first metal branch and the second metal branch respectively.

Further, first metal wire of the alabastrine metal micro structure in described plane and second metal wire are provided with two kinks, and the alabastrine metal micro structure in described plane revolves the figure that turn 90 degrees to any direction with the intersection point of second metal wire around first metal wire and all overlaps with former figure in metal micro structure plane of living in.

According to communication in moving antenna of the present invention, refraction index profile by the super material flat board of each piece of accurate design, make the plane wave of special angle behind super material flat board, can converge at the feed place of correspondence, therefore can replace traditional parabolic antenna by the dull and stereotyped combination of the super material of four sheets, making processing is more prone to, cost is cheaper, and the dull and stereotyped integral thickness of the super material of design is in the millimeter rank according to this in addition, and this communication in moving antenna integral body is lighter.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the relative position schematic diagram of the feed that super material flat board is corresponding with it in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the perspective diagram of one of them super material cell of core layer lamella of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of core layer lamella of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of impedance matching layer lamella of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane shown in Figure 5;

Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane shown in Figure 5.

Fig. 8 is phase I of differentiation of the topology of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane;

Fig. 9 is the second stage of differentiation of the topology of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane;

Figure 10 is the relative position schematic diagram of the feed that super material flat board is corresponding with it among the another kind of embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 11 is the structural representation of communication in moving antenna of the present invention;

Figure 12 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of communication in moving antenna of the present invention on vehicle.

Embodiment

As Fig. 1, Figure 11 and shown in Figure 12, described communication in moving antenna DZT of the present invention is loaded in the tip position of mobile vehicle YDT (for example vehicle, boats and ships, aircraft), it comprises and is funnelform metamaterial structure JG, described metamaterial structure JG forms each super material dull and stereotyped 100 corresponding feed 1 by four identical trapezoidal dull and stereotyped 100 assembly units of super material that are.The degree of depth of metamaterial structure JG (being that metamaterial structure JG upper shed SK is to the distance of under shed XK) can be regulated, the degree of depth and relevant with the geostationary satellite that will communicate by letter and the residing position of mobile vehicle (its degree of depth is to have determined the elevation angle of each super material flat board 100 in fact) at initial position metamaterial structure JG, preferably the degree of depth at initial position metamaterial structure JG so arranges, namely make one of them super material flat board over against the satellite that will communicate by letter (namely the electromagnetic wave that sends of this satellite is vertically penetrated on super material flat board when arriving ground), because mobile vehicle is even running under most of situation, most of the time communication in moving antenna does not need movement can keep and the communicating by letter of selected satellite like this, when ground is uneven or mobile vehicle when turning to, make a super material flat board is always arranged over against the satellite that will communicate by letter by the degree of depth of adjusting metamaterial structure JG and the orientation of metamaterial structure JG (being low-angle rotation metamaterial structure JG), guarantee the continuation of communication.Among the present invention, described feed 1 is traditional corrugated horn, for example the CL11R integral high frequency head of Tongzhou Electronics.

The orientation of the depth adjustment of metamaterial structure JG and metamaterial structure JG is regulated by servo system CF and is realized.The function of this servo system CF is as follows:

(1) regulates the degree of depth of metamaterial structure JG, namely regulate the elevation angle of communication in moving antenna;

(2) regulate the orientation of metamaterial structure JG, namely regulate the azimuth of communication in moving antenna.

Two above-mentioned functions make mobile vehicle no matter under which kind of motion state, a super material flat board is always arranged over against satellite, guaranteed the continuation of communication, and owing in four orientation super material flat board is arranged, therefore the communication in moving antenna only needs low-angle rotation, can select the rotation of minimum angles by control, therefore less demanding to servo system.

Have and existed much in the servo system prior art of above-mentioned functions, it is not core of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can produce the servo system with similar functions at an easy rate according to above-mentioned text description, no longer describes in detail herein.

In addition, as shown in figure 12, for communication in moving antenna DZT being protected (waterproof, sun-proof etc.), a radome TXZ can also be covered in the outside of communication in moving antenna, for example hemispheric radome.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, in one embodiment of the present of invention, the lower edge of described super material flat board 100 (being trapezoidal minor face) is in same level with the upper end of feed 1, described super material flat board 100 comprises core layer 10, be arranged on the reflector 200 on core layer one side surface and be arranged on the impedance matching layer 20 on core layer 10 opposite side surfaces, described core layer 10 comprises a core layer lamella 11 or the core layer lamella 11 that a plurality of thickness is identical and refraction index profile is identical, described core layer lamella comprises first base material 13 of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of first artificial micro-structural 12 on first base material 13, described impedance matching layer 20 comprises an impedance matching layer lamella 21 or the identical impedance matching layer lamella 21 of a plurality of thickness, described impedance matching layer lamella 21 comprises second base material 23 of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of second artificial micro-structural on second base material, the axis Z2 of feed axis Z1 and super material flat board 100 has certain included angle θ, be axis Z1 among Fig. 1 and the angle (Z3 is the parallel lines of Z1) of straight line Z3, feed 1 has been realized the offset-fed of antenna not on the Z2 of the axis of super material flat board 100.Feed is traditional corrugated horn in addition.In addition, among the present invention, the reflector is the metallic reflector with smooth surface, for example can be copper coin, aluminium sheet or the iron plate etc. of polishing, and also PEC (desired electrical conductor) reflecting surface can certainly be metal coating.Among the present invention, the dull and stereotyped 100 arbitrary longitudinal sections of described super material are of similar shape and area, and longitudinal section herein refers to section vertical with the axis of super material flat board in the super material flat board.The longitudinal section of described super material flat board is trapezoidal, more specifically, is that the base angle is the isosceles trapezoid of 45 degree angles.The effect of impedance matching layer is to realize from the air to the core layer 10 impedance matching, to reduce the reflection of electromagnetic wave of air and super material joint, reduces the loss of electromagnetic wave energy, raising satellite TV signal intensity.

Among the present invention, the refraction index profile of described core layer lamella satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{r^2+s^2}-\mathrm{Vseg}}{D}---\left(1\right);$

Vseg＝s+λ×NUMseg (2)；

$\mathrm{NUMseg}=\mathrm{floor}\left\{\frac{\sqrt{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="r"\; filenames="HDA0000139896990000051.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">r</figure-callout>}}^2+s^2}-s}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}\right\}---\left(3\right);$

$D=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{n_{\max }-n_{\min }}---\left(4\right);$

Wherein, radius is the refractive index value at r place on n (r) the expression core layer lamella; The refraction index profile center of circle O1 of core layer lamella is feed equivalent point X in the projection on plane, the dull and stereotyped outer surface place of super material, the lower edge of described center of circle O1 and super material flat board (trapezoidal minor face) is at a distance of sy, more preferably, the lower edge of center of circle O1 and the vertical super material flat board of line of the lower edge mid point of super material flat board;

S is that feed equivalent point X is to the vertical range of super material flat board; In fact the equivalent point X of feed is exactly the feedback point (point of focusing takes place in feed electromagnetic wave) of antenna herein; When the angle theta of the axis Z2 of feed axis Z1 and super material flat board 100 changed, slight change also can take place in s.

n _MaxThe maximum of the refractive index of expression core layer lamella;

n _MinThe minimum value of the refractive index of expression core layer lamella;

λ represents that frequency is the electromagnetic wavelength of center of antenna frequency;

D is the equivalent thickness of super material flat board, and in the present embodiment, preferably, the thickness that equivalent thickness D equals impedance matching layer adds the thickness of the core layer of twice; The quantity of core layer lamella and impedance matching layer lamella can be set according to different needs, for example, can be three core layer lamellas, six impedance matching layer lamellas; Also two core layer lamellas, four impedance matching layer lamellas; Also two core layer lamellas, three impedance matching layer lamellas; Also two core layer lamellas, two impedance matching layer lamellas; Also core layer lamella, an impedance matching layer lamella;

Floor represents to round downwards, for example, when (r is in a certain number range) more than or equal to 0 less than 1 o'clock, NUMseg gets 0, when

(r is in a certain number range) more than or equal to 1 less than 2 o'clock, NUMseg gets 1, and the rest may be inferred.

To the determined super material flat board of formula (4), the electromagnetic wave that can make feed send can be with the form outgoing of plane wave behind super material flat board by formula (1); Equally, as shown in Figure 1, to the determined super material flat board of formula (4), the electromagnetic wave (can think plane wave when arriving ground) that can make satellite send can converge at the equivalent point X place of feed behind super material flat board by formula (1); Certainly, when receiving satellite antenna signals, the normal direction of super material flat board is towards the satellite that will receive, as for how making the normal direction of super material flat board towards the satellite that will receive signal, then relate to the problem of traditional satellite antenna debugging, namely about the adjusting of antenna azimuth and the angle of pitch, it all can be realized by servo system, it is common practise, no longer states herein.

In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, described first base material 13 comprises first prebasal plate 131 and first metacoxal plate 132 of sheet, and the described a plurality of first artificial micro-structural 12 is folded between first prebasal plate 131 and first metacoxal plate 132.The thickness of described core layer lamella is 0.5-2mm, and wherein, the thickness of first prebasal plate is 0.5-1mm, and the thickness of first metacoxal plate is 0.5-1mm, and the thickness of a plurality of first artificial micro-structurals is 0.01-0.5mm.Preferably, the thickness of described core layer lamella is 0.543mm, and wherein, the thickness of first prebasal plate and first metacoxal plate is 0.254mm, and the thickness of a plurality of first artificial micro-structurals is 0.035mm.

In the present embodiment, the refraction index profile of described one or more impedance matching layer lamellas satisfies following formula:

$n_i\left(r\right)={n_{\min }}^{\frac{i}{m}}\&times;n{\left(r\right)}^{\frac{m-i}{m}}---\left(5\right);$

Wherein, n _i(r) radius is the refractive index value at r place on the expression impedance matching layer lamella, the refraction index profile center of circle of impedance matching layer lamella is the feed equivalent point in the projection on corresponding plane, impedance matching layer lamella outer surface place, preferably, the vertical super material flat board of line in the refraction index profile center of circle of impedance matching layer lamella and the refraction index profile center of circle of core layer lamella;

Wherein, i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, and near the m that is numbered of the impedance matching layer lamella of feed, to the core layer direction, numbering reduces successively by feed, is numbered 1 near the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer;

Radius is the refractive index value at r place on n herein (r) the expression core layer lamella;

Above-mentioned n _Max, n _MinMaximum, minimum value with the refractive index of core layer lamella is identical respectively;

Particularly, m=2 for example, the impedance matching layer that is limited by formula (5) then near the refraction index profile of the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer is:

$n_1\left(r\right)={n_{\min }}^{\frac{1}{2}}\&times;n{\left(r\right)}^{\frac{1}{2}};$

Its refraction index profile of impedance matching layer near feed is:

n ₂(r)＝n _min；

Certainly, impedance matching layer is not limited to this, and described each impedance matching layer lamella also can have single refractive index, and the refractive index of described one or more impedance matching layer lamellas satisfies following formula:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}}---\left(6\right);$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of impedance matching layer, and i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, wherein, is numbered m, above-mentioned n near the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer _Max, n _MinMaximum, minimum value with the refractive index of core layer lamella is identical respectively.

Particularly, m=2 for example, the impedance matching layer that is limited by formula (6) then near the refraction index profile of the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer is:

n(2)＝(n _max+n _min)/2；

Its refraction index profile of impedance matching layer near feed is:

$n\left(1\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{1}{2}};$

Among the present invention, described second base material 23 comprises second prebasal plate 231 and second metacoxal plate 232 of sheet, and the described a plurality of second artificial micro-structural is folded between second prebasal plate 231 and second metacoxal plate 232.The thickness of described impedance matching layer lamella is 0.21-2.5mm, and wherein, the thickness of first prebasal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of first metacoxal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of a plurality of first artificial micro-structurals is 0.01-0.5mm.Preferably, the thickness of described impedance matching layer lamella is 0.543mm, and wherein, the thickness of second prebasal plate and second metacoxal plate is 0.254mm, and the thickness of a plurality of second artificial micro-structurals is 0.035mm.

In the present embodiment, the dull and stereotyped arbitrary longitudinal section of described super material is of similar shape and area, be that core layer and matching layer are of similar shape the longitudinal section with area, longitudinal section herein refers to section vertical with the axis of super material flat board in the super material flat board.The longitudinal section of described super material flat board is trapezoidal, more specifically, is that the base angle is the isosceles trapezoid of 45 degree angles.

The relative position of feed equivalent point X and super material flat board is determined jointly by s, θ and sy, usually, the feed equivalent point is to be selected on the Z1 of feed axis, the position of feed equivalent point is relevant with the bore of feed, for example can be and the position (ds be distance that X point in Fig. 1 to Y order) of feed bore mid point Y at a distance of ds, as an embodiment, described ds equals 5mm, in fact in design, ds is relevant with θ, along with the difference of θ, feed equivalent point X position is also different, be that ds is different, still, the feed equivalent point is still on the Z1 of feed axis.

In the present embodiment, the described first artificial micro-structural, the second artificial micro-structural be the metal micro structure for being made of copper cash or silver-colored line all, and described metal micro structure is attached to first base material, second base material respectively by etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method.Preferably, the described first artificial micro-structural, the second artificial micro-structural are the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane shown in Figure 5 develops a plurality of different topology that obtains by topology metal micro structure.

In the present embodiment, the core layer lamella can obtain by the following method, namely cover copper on any one surface of first prebasal plate and first metacoxal plate, obtain a plurality of first metal micro structures (shape of a plurality of first metal micro structures with arrange in advance to obtain by Computer Simulation) by etching method again, at last first prebasal plate and first metacoxal plate are pressed together respectively, namely obtain core layer lamella of the present invention, the method of pressing can be direct hot pressing, also can be to utilize PUR to connect, certainly also other mechanical connection, for example bolt connects.

In like manner, the impedance matching layer lamella also can utilize identical method to obtain.Respectively with a plurality of core layer lamella pressing one, namely formed core layer of the present invention then; Equally, with a plurality of impedance matching layer lamella pressing one, namely formed impedance matching layer of the present invention; Core layer, impedance matching layer, reflector pressing one are namely obtained super material flat board of the present invention.

In the present embodiment, described first base material, second base material are made by ceramic material, macromolecular material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or ferromagnetic material etc.Macromolecular material is available F4B composite material, FR-4 composite material etc.

Figure 5 shows that the schematic diagram of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane, described alabastrine metal micro structure has the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 that vertically divides equally mutually, the described first metal wire J1 is identical with the length of the second metal wire J2, the described first metal wire J1 two ends are connected with two first F1 of metal branch of equal length, the described first metal wire J1 two ends are connected on the mid point of two first F1 of metal branch, the described second metal wire J2 two ends are connected with two second F2 of metal branch of equal length, the described second metal wire J2 two ends are connected on the mid point of two second F2 of metal branch, the equal in length of described first F1 of metal branch and second F2 of metal branch.

Fig. 6 is a kind of derived structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane shown in Figure 5.Its two ends at each first F1 of metal branch and each second F2 of metal branch all are connected with identical the 3rd F3 of metal branch, and the mid point of corresponding the 3rd F3 of metal branch links to each other with the end points of first F1 of metal branch and second F2 of metal branch respectively.The rest may be inferred, and the present invention can also derive the metal micro structure of other form.

Fig. 7 is a kind of distressed structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane shown in Figure 5, the metal micro structure of this kind structure, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are not straight lines, but folding line, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 are provided with two kink WZ, but the first metal wire J1 remains vertical with the second metal wire J2 to be divided equally, by arrange kink towards with the relative position of kink on first metal wire and second metal wire, make metal micro structure shown in Figure 7 wind to revolve the figure that turn 90 degrees with the axis of the second metal wire intersection point to any direction perpendicular to first metal wire all to overlap with former figure.In addition, other distortion can also be arranged, for example, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 all arrange a plurality of kink WZ.

In the present embodiment, described core layer lamella 11 can be divided into a plurality of super material cell D as shown in Figure 2 of array arrangement, each super material cell D comprises prebasal plate unit U, metacoxal plate unit V and is arranged on the first artificial micro-structural 12 between base board unit U, the metacoxal plate unit V, usually the length and width height of super material cell D all is not more than 1/5th wavelength, be preferably 1/10th wavelength, therefore, can determine the size of super material cell D according to the operating frequency of antenna.Fig. 2 is the technique of painting of perspective, and with the position among the super material cell D that represents the first artificial micro-structural, as shown in Figure 2, the described first artificial micro-structural is sandwiched between base board unit U, the metacoxal plate unit V, and its surface, place is represented with SR.

Known refractive index

Wherein μ is relative permeability, and ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε are collectively referred to as electromagnetic parameter.Experiment showed, when electromagnetic wave passes through refractive index dielectric material heterogeneous, can be to the big direction deviation of refractive index.Under the certain situation of relative permeability (usually near 1), refractive index is only relevant with dielectric constant, under the situation that first base material is selected, utilize the arbitrary value (within the specific limits) that only can realize super material cell refractive index to the first artificial micro-structural of electric field response, under this center of antenna frequency, utilize simulation software, as CST, MATLAB, COMSOL etc., obtain the situation that the dielectric constant of the artificial micro-structural (the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane as shown in Figure 5) of a certain given shape changes along with the refractive index variable of topology by emulation, can list data one to one, the core layer lamella 11 that the specific refractive index that can design us needs distributes in like manner can obtain the refraction index profile of impedance matching layer lamella.

In the present embodiment, the structural design of core layer lamella can obtain by Computer Simulation (CST emulation), and is specific as follows:

That (1) determines first metal micro structure adheres to base material (first base material).For example dielectric constant is 2.25 medium substrate, and the material of medium substrate can be FR-4, F4b or PS.

(2) size of definite super material cell.The size of the size of super material cell is obtained by the centre frequency of antenna, utilizes frequency to obtain its wavelength, gets less than 1/5th a numerical value of wavelength length C D and the width KD as super material cell D again.For example corresponding to the center of antenna frequency of 11.95G, described super material cell D is the square platelet that 2.8mm, thickness HD are 0.543mm for long CD and wide KD as shown in Figure 2.

(3) determine material and the topological structure of metal micro structure.Among the present invention, the material of metal micro structure is copper, and the topological structure of metal micro structure is the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane shown in Figure 5, and its live width W is consistent everywhere; Topological structure herein refers to the basic configuration that topology develops.

(4) determine the topology parameter of metal micro structure.As shown in Figure 5, among the present invention, the topology parameter of the alabastrine metal micro structure in plane comprises the live width W of metal micro structure, the length a of the first metal wire J1, the length b of first F1 of metal branch.

(5) determine the differentiation restrictive condition of the topology of metal micro structure.Among the present invention, the differentiation restrictive condition of the topology of metal micro structure has, the minimum spacing WL between the metal micro structure (namely as shown in Figure 5, the distance of the long limit of metal micro structure and super material cell or broadside is WL/2), the live width W of metal micro structure, the size of super material cell; Because the processing technology restriction, WL is more than or equal to 0.1mm, and same, live width W is greater than to equal 0.1mm.During emulation for the first time, WL can get 0.1mm, and W can get 0.3mm, and super material cell is of a size of the long and wide 2.8mm that is, thickness is 0.543mm, and this moment, the topology parameter of metal micro structure had only a and two variablees of b.The topology of metal micro structure by as Fig. 7 differentiation mode shown in Figure 8 extremely, corresponding to a certain characteristic frequency (for example 11.95GHZ), can obtain a continuous variations in refractive index scope.

Particularly, the differentiation of the topology of described metal micro structure comprises two stages (basic configuration that topology develops is metal micro structure shown in Figure 5):

Phase I: according to developing restrictive condition, under the situation that the b value remains unchanged, a value is changed to maximum from minimum value, the metal micro structure in this evolution process is " ten " font (except when a gets minimum value).In the present embodiment, the minimum value of a is 0.3mm (live width W), and the maximum of a is (CD-WL).Therefore, in the phase I, the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure is the square JX1 of W from the length of side namely as shown in Figure 8, develops into maximum " ten " font topology JD1 gradually.In the phase I, along with the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure, the refractive index of the super material cell corresponding with it increases (respective antenna one characteristic frequency) continuously.

Second stage: according to developing restrictive condition, when a was increased to maximum, a remained unchanged; At this moment, b is increased continuously maximum from minimum value, the metal micro structure in this evolution process is the plane flakes.In the present embodiment, the minimum value of b is 0.3mm, and the maximum of b is (CD-WL-2W).Therefore, in second stage, the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure as shown in Figure 9, namely from " ten " font topology JD1 of maximum, develop into the maximum alabastrine topology JD2 in plane gradually, the alabastrine topology JD2 in the plane of maximum herein refers to that the length b of first J1 of metal branch and second J2 of metal branch can not extend again, otherwise the first metal branch and the second metal branch will take place to intersect.In second stage, along with the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure, the refractive index of the super material cell corresponding with it increases (respective antenna one characteristic frequency) continuously.

If obtaining the satisfied design of the variations in refractive index scope needs of super material cell by above-mentioned differentiation (is that this excursion has comprised n _Min-n _MaxScope).Do not satisfy the design needs if above-mentioned differentiation obtains the variations in refractive index scope of super material cell, for example maximum is too little, then changes WL and W, and emulation again is up to obtaining the variations in refractive index scope that we need.

According to formula (1) to (4), after a series of super material cell that emulation is obtained is arranged according to its corresponding refractive index (in fact being exactly a plurality of first artificial micro-structural the arranging on first base material of different topology shape), can obtain core layer lamella of the present invention.

In like manner, can obtain impedance matching layer lamella of the present invention according to formula (5)-(6).

As shown in figure 10, among the another kind of embodiment of the present invention, described super material flat board 100 does not have impedance matching layer, and its equivalent thickness D equals the twice of core layer thickness, other identical with the above embodiments.

By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; not breaking away under the scope situation that aim of the present invention and claim protect, also can make a lot of forms, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. communication in moving antenna, it is characterized in that, described communication in moving antenna comprises and is funnelform metamaterial structure, described metamaterial structure is formed by four identical trapezoidal dull and stereotyped assembly units of super material that are, the dull and stereotyped corresponding feed of each super material, the reflector that each super material flat board comprises core layer and is arranged on core layer one side surface, described core layer comprises a core layer lamella or a plurality of identical core layer lamella, each core layer lamella comprises first base material of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of first artificial micro-structural on first base material that the refraction index profile of described core layer lamella satisfies following formula:

$n\left(r\right)=n_{\max }-\frac{\sqrt{r^2+s^2}-\mathrm{Vseg}}{D};$

Vseg＝s+λ×NUMseg；

$\mathrm{NUMseg}=\mathrm{floor}\left\{\frac{\sqrt{r^2+s^2}-s}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}\right\};$

$D=\frac{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}{n_{\max }-n_{\min }};$

Wherein, radius is the refractive index value at r place on n (r) the expression core layer lamella, and the refraction index profile center of circle of core layer lamella is the feed equivalent point in the projection on plane, the dull and stereotyped outer surface place of super material, and the lower edge of the described center of circle and super material flat board is at a distance of sy;

S is the vertical range of feed equivalent point to super material flat board;

n _MaxThe maximum of the refractive index of expression core layer lamella;

n _MinThe minimum value of the refractive index of expression core layer lamella;

λ represents that frequency is the electromagnetic wavelength of center of antenna frequency;

Floor represents to round downwards.

2. communication in moving antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described first base material comprises first prebasal plate and first metacoxal plate of sheet, the described a plurality of first artificial micro-structural is folded between first prebasal plate and first metacoxal plate, the thickness of described core layer lamella is 0.21-2.5mm, and wherein, the thickness of first prebasal plate is 0.1-1mm, the thickness of first metacoxal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of a plurality of first artificial micro-structurals is 0.01-0.5mm.

3. communication in moving antenna according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the thickness of described core layer lamella is 0.543mm, and wherein, the thickness of first prebasal plate and first metacoxal plate is 0.254mm, and the thickness of a plurality of first artificial micro-structurals is 0.035mm.

4. communication in moving antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each super material flat board also comprises the impedance matching layer that is arranged on core layer opposite side surface, described impedance matching layer comprises an impedance matching layer lamella or the identical impedance matching layer lamella of a plurality of thickness, described impedance matching layer lamella comprises second base material of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of second artificial micro-structural on second base material that the refraction index profile of described one or more impedance matching layer lamellas satisfies following formula:

$n_i\left(r\right)={n_{\min }}^{\frac{i}{m}}\&times;n{\left(r\right)}^{\frac{m-i}{m}};$

Wherein, n _i(r) radius is the refractive index value at r place on the expression impedance matching layer lamella, and the refraction index profile center of circle of impedance matching layer lamella is the feed equivalent point in the projection on corresponding plane, impedance matching layer lamella outer surface place;

Wherein, i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, and near the m that is numbered of the impedance matching layer lamella of feed, to the core layer direction, numbering reduces successively by feed, is numbered 1 near the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer;

Above-mentioned n _Max, n _MinMaximum, minimum value with the refractive index of core layer lamella is identical respectively.

5. communication in moving antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, each super material flat board also comprises the impedance matching layer that is arranged on core layer opposite side surface, described impedance matching layer comprises an impedance matching layer lamella or the identical impedance matching layer lamella of a plurality of thickness, described impedance matching layer lamella comprises second base material of sheet and is arranged on a plurality of second artificial micro-structural on second base material, described each impedance matching layer lamella has single refractive index, and the refractive index of described one or more impedance matching layer lamellas satisfies following formula:

$n\left(i\right)={((n_{\max }+n_{\min })/2)}^{\frac{i}{m}};$

Wherein, m represents total number of plies of impedance matching layer, and i represents the numbering of impedance matching layer lamella, wherein, and near the m that is numbered of the impedance matching layer lamella of core layer.

6. according to claim 3 or 4 or 5 described communication in moving antennas, it is characterized in that, described second base material comprises second prebasal plate and second metacoxal plate of sheet, the described a plurality of second artificial micro-structural is folded between second prebasal plate and second metacoxal plate, the thickness of described impedance matching layer lamella is 0.21-2.5mm, and wherein, the thickness of second prebasal plate is 0.1-1mm, the thickness of second metacoxal plate is 0.1-1mm, and the thickness of a plurality of second artificial micro-structurals is 0.01-0.5mm.

7. communication in moving antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described first artificial micro-structural and the second artificial micro-structural be the metal micro structure for being made of copper cash or silver-colored line all, and described metal micro structure is attached to respectively on first base material and second base material by etching, plating, brill quarter, photoetching, electronics is carved or ion is carved method.

8. communication in moving antenna according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described metal micro structure is the plane flakes, described metal micro structure has first metal wire and second metal wire of vertically dividing equally mutually, described first metal wire is identical with the length of second metal wire, the described first metal wire two ends are connected with two first metal branches of equal length, the described first metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two first metal branches, the described second metal wire two ends are connected with two second metal branches of equal length, the described second metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two second metal branches, the equal in length of the described first metal branch and the second metal branch.

9. communication in moving antenna according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, each first metal branch of the alabastrine metal micro structure in described plane and the two ends of each second metal branch also are connected with identical the 3rd metal branch, and the mid point of corresponding the 3rd metal branch links to each other with the end points of the first metal branch and the second metal branch respectively.

10. communication in moving antenna according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, first metal wire of the alabastrine metal micro structure in described plane and second metal wire are provided with two kinks, and the alabastrine metal micro structure in described plane revolves the figure that turn 90 degrees to any direction with the intersection point of second metal wire around first metal wire and all overlaps with former figure in metal micro structure plane of living in.

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