CN103290183B - Method for improving intensity of metal material - Google Patents
Method for improving intensity of metal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103290183B CN103290183B CN201310206344.3A CN201310206344A CN103290183B CN 103290183 B CN103290183 B CN 103290183B CN 201310206344 A CN201310206344 A CN 201310206344A CN 103290183 B CN103290183 B CN 103290183B
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- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002178 crystalline material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 manganese, carbon series Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种提高金属材料强度的方法，该方法包括：选取塑性变形由孪晶变形或相变主导的金属材料；对所述金属材料进行扭转，使所述金属材料产生的表面应变满足预定条件。通过本发明的方法可以显著提高金属材料强度，且不影响金属材料的拉伸韧性。
The invention provides a method for improving the strength of a metal material. The method includes: selecting a metal material whose plastic deformation is dominated by twin deformation or phase transformation; twisting the metal material so that the surface strain generated by the metal material meets a predetermined condition. The method of the invention can significantly improve the strength of the metal material without affecting the tensile toughness of the metal material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material field, particularly relate to a kind of method improving Strength of Metallic Materials.
Background technology
The intensity of metallic substance and tensile toughness (the length increment per-cent of material in drawing process) are all the emphasis of research all the time, its key factor is the antagonism between both: in tradition processing or art breading, when increasing one of them index, another one index properties often worsens.
As the way obtaining the high strength of materials by reducing grain-size usually adopted, when crystal grain is reduced to nanometer scale (definition nano-multicrystal material refers to that its grain-size is less than 100 nanometers usually), its intensity can than traditional crystalline material a high magnitude, but toughness also reduces a nearly magnitude accordingly.While improving crystal intensity additionally by the way of cold-rolling treatment, the also reduction thereupon of its toughness.And common temper, then expendable material intensity while increase toughness.
A trend of up-to-date metallic substance research is in coarse grain material, introduce the twin structure of nano-level, utilize the high-sequential of twin, while increase Strength of Metallic Materials, also it is allowed to keep good toughness, the material prepared like this is generally thin-film material, cannot process the material of engineering structure application magnitude.Another one direction is also had to be in traditional material, introduce nanometer gradient layer: play its grain-size inner increases gradually from the surface of material, and the material obtained of this way can only produce the gradient layer of 100 microns usually.The change of this method to material macro property is limited, the intensity of raising material that can only be a small amount of.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of method improving Strength of Metallic Materials, to significantly improve Strength of Metallic Materials, and does not affect the tensile toughness of metallic substance.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of method improving Strength of Metallic Materials, comprising:
1) metallic substance that viscous deformation is out of shape by twin or phase transformation is leading is chosen;
2) reverse described metallic substance, the surface strains that described metallic substance is produced meets predetermined condition; Described predetermined condition is that the strain of described surface shear is between 0 ~ 0.3;
By the phase making described metallic substance produce a certain amount of twin or correspondence, radially there is certain gradient in twin or phase, the deflection that the material of outermost produces is maximum, and successively decreases along radial direction is linear, is that zero place is by being out of shape the density probability of occurrence of twin or the phase caused close to zero to radius; The yield strength of material is increased to 110% from 0, and its stretching plastic remains unchanged.
Further, aforesaid method also has feature below:
Described predetermined condition is that surface shear strain is between 0.2 ~ 0.3.
Further, aforesaid method also has feature below:
Described metallic substance is that viscous deformation steel is dominated in twin crystal inducing plasticity deformed steel or phase transformation
Further, aforesaid method also has feature below:
Described metallic substance is cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels.
The invention provides a kind of method improving Strength of Metallic Materials; for the material metal material of the engineering structure application magnitude of mass-producing; as the most widely used 304 austenitic stainless steels in the world; the microstructure of material internal is adjusted by certain mechanical deformation; make material possess twin (phase) structure and twin (phase) gradient simultaneously; the strength of materials after such process is significantly improved (doubling), and its tensile toughness remains unchanged and even can increase to some extent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schema of the method for the raising Strength of Metallic Materials of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the process schematic to Typical Metals sample applied load;
Fig. 3 applies after torsional deformations due to martensitic phase Gradient distribution figure radially that deformation gradient causes cold rolling 304 stainless steels;
Fig. 4 is after applying torsional deformation to cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels, its tensile stress strain curve and the comparison diagram without the stress-strain of cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels processed.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly understand, hereinafter will be described in detail to embodiments of the invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.It should be noted that, when not conflicting, the embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can arbitrary combination mutually.
Fig. 1 is the schema of the method for the raising Strength of Metallic Materials of the embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in Figure 1, the method for the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
S11, choose the metallic substance that viscous deformation is out of shape by twin or phase transformation is leading;
S12, reverse described metallic substance, the surface shear strain that described metallic substance is produced meets predetermined condition.
In the selection of the present embodiment: be applicable to the metallic substance that viscous deformation is out of shape by twin or phase transformation is leading.By applying torsional deformation to such bar, material (1) is made to produce other phases (transformation as austenite common in steel martensitic phase in opposite directions) of a certain amount of twin or correspondence; (2) radially there is certain gradient in twin or other phases, this is due in torsional deformation process, the deflection that the material of outermost produces is maximum, and successively decreases along radial direction is linear, is that zero place is by being out of shape the density probability of occurrence of twin or other phases caused also close to zero to radius; (3) because torsional load and draw direction are completely different, the twin that the torsion stage produces or other on crystal orientation with the twin occurred in drawing process or other are mutually different.This will make in follow-up drawing process, is out of shape no longer along occurring with on the twin that the torsion stage produces or other crystal orientation identical in opposite directions, but forms intersection.
Predetermined condition in step S12 is that the strain of described surface shear is between 0 ~ 0.3, namely surface shear strain during turned metal material, metallic substance being produced is in the scope of 0 ~ 0.3, increase along with reversing the surface shear strain realized, the yield strength of material is increased to 110% from 0, and its stretching plastic remains unchanged.
Predetermined condition in step S12 is preferably surface shear strain between 0.2 ~ 0.3, and the yield strength of material is increased to 70 ~ 110%, and its stretching plastic remains unchanged.
Fig. 2 is the process schematic to Typical Metals sample applied load, and Fig. 2 describes the process of Typical Metals sample applied load and macroscopical twisting states after reversing.The method of the present embodiment is not limited to sample size, can be applicable to arbitrary size sample.
Be obtained for desirable effect after the method for the present embodiment carries out identical process for such as twin crystal inducing plasticity deformed steel and cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels: their respective strengths of materials are all significantly improved (doubling), and its tensile toughness remains unchanged and even can increase to some extent.
With cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels for application example explains, after applying torsional deformation to cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels, radially there is certain gradient in martensitic phase.Outermost martensitic phase the highest (r=R), the center (r=0) of material does not have martensitic phase substantially, and radius is the r=R/2 position of bar, and the density of martensitic phase is between the above two.
With this martensitic phase gradient is by the intensity gradient of a formation radial direction change on mechanics, as shown in Figure 3, after torsional deformation is applied to cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels, due to the martensitic phase Gradient distribution radially that deformation gradient causes, form remarkable hardness (intensity) gradient radially on mechanics.
Fig. 4 is (the surface shear strain of bar outermost is about 30%) after applying 270 degree of torsional deformations to cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels, its tensile stress strain curve and the contrast without the stress-strain of cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels processed.
Due to the generation of hardness (intensity) gradient, add the torsion stage produce twin crystal martensite on crystal orientation with occur in drawing process mutually difference.Make in follow-up drawing process, be out of shape by no longer along and the martensitic phase that produces of torsion stage crystal orientation in opposite directions on occur, therefore effectively can improve the intensity of material.Fig. 4 give undressed cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels with apply 270 degree reverse after the tensile stress strain curve of cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels, clearly can see that the yield strength of 304 austenitic stainless steels after applying 270 degree torsion is increased to 660 MPas, be more than a times of undressed cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels (310 MPa).Simultaneously tensile toughness between the two does not change substantially.Same process is also applicable to iron, manganese, carbon series twin steel.
These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; certainly; the present invention also can have other various embodiments; when not deviating from the present invention's spirit and essence thereof; those of ordinary skill in the art are when making various corresponding change and distortion according to the present invention, but these change accordingly and are out of shape the protection domain that all should belong to the claim appended by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. improve a method for Strength of Metallic Materials, comprising:
1) metallic substance that viscous deformation is out of shape by twin or phase transformation is leading is chosen;
2) reverse described metallic substance, the surface shear strain that described metallic substance is produced meets predetermined condition; Described predetermined condition is that described surface shear strains between 0 ~ 0.3, wherein removes endpoint value 0;
By the phase making described metallic substance produce a certain amount of twin or correspondence, radially there is certain gradient in twin or phase, the deflection that the material of outermost produces is maximum, and successively decreases along radial direction is linear, is that zero place is by being out of shape the density probability of occurrence of twin or the phase caused close to zero to radius; The increasing amount of the yield strength of material is≤110%, and its stretching plastic remains unchanged.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described predetermined condition is that the strain of described surface shear is between 0.2 ~ 0.3.
3. the method as described in any one of claim 1-2, is characterized in that:
Described metallic substance is the steel that viscous deformation is dominated in twin crystal inducing plasticity deformed steel or phase transformation.
4. the method as described in any one of claim 1-2, is characterized in that:
Described metallic substance is cold rolling 304 austenitic stainless steels.
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| CN201310206344.3A CN103290183B (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2013-05-29 | Method for improving intensity of metal material |
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| CN201310206344.3A CN103290183B (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2013-05-29 | Method for improving intensity of metal material |
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| CN103290183A CN103290183A (en) | 2013-09-11 |
| CN103290183B true CN103290183B (en) | 2015-03-18 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110551948A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-10 | 河北工程大学 | Low-carbon steel and preparation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106011417B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-04-13 | 北方工业大学 | A method for preparing rod-like metal gradient nanostructures |
| CN106906343B (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2018-11-02 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of method, stainless steel bars forming gradient nano tissue on inferior stable state austenitic stainless steel bar material surface layer |
| CN107893154B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2019-10-08 | 西南大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-strength and high ductility gradient martensitic-austenitic dual phase steel |
| CN108359780B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-08-30 | 西南交通大学 | Methods of Improving the Strength and Stress Corrosion Resistance of Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel |
| CN108677213B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for improving mechanical property of material by changing gradient nanometer twin crystal structure of metal material |
| CN110964892B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2022-02-15 | 西门子股份公司 | A method for balancing strength and ductility in metallic materials |
| CN109821946B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-04-21 | 燕山大学 | A kind of austenitic stainless steel bar processing device and method |
| CN110923430B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-09-10 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Preparation method of high-strength and high-plasticity 304 austenitic stainless steel with low martensite content |
| CN110923438B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-09-17 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Circular torsion machining process for improving mechanical property of metal material |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1637162A (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2005-07-13 | 西北工业大学 | Prepn of rod superfine crystal material |
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| CN1637162A (en) * | 2003-01-10 | 2005-07-13 | 西北工业大学 | Prepn of rod superfine crystal material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 低碳钢扭转硬化拉伸强度的实验研究;邵宝庆;《应用力学学报》;19880630;第5卷(第2期);123-127 * |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110551948A (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2019-12-10 | 河北工程大学 | Low-carbon steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN110551948B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2021-05-04 | 河北工程大学 | A kind of low carbon steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103290183A (en) | 2013-09-11 |
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