CN103288234A - Simple and fast preparation method of emergency water under emergency conditions - Google Patents
Simple and fast preparation method of emergency water under emergency conditions Download PDFInfo
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- CN103288234A CN103288234A CN2013101961270A CN201310196127A CN103288234A CN 103288234 A CN103288234 A CN 103288234A CN 2013101961270 A CN2013101961270 A CN 2013101961270A CN 201310196127 A CN201310196127 A CN 201310196127A CN 103288234 A CN103288234 A CN 103288234A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simple and fast preparation method of emergency water under emergency conditions and relates to a method for preparing emergency water by simply and fast purifying sewage when natural disasters such as earthquake, flood disaster and typhoon occur suddenly. The simple and fast preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: building into a pre-filtering device and a re-filtering device by adopting common family articles such as a water barrel, a basin, gauze and a garbage bag after simple processing, carrying out primary filtering on sewage by the pre-filtering device, then adding vinegar and a bleaching agent in sequence to carry out flocculation and precipitation, and finally enabling the sewage to pass through the re-filtering device to prepare the emergency water conforming to the national standard. The simple and fast preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the process is simple, the operation is convenient, the material is easily available, the device is easily built, a sewage treatment effect is good, the repeated use is achieved, the environmental pollution is less, the treatment time is short, and the cost is low, so that the simple and fast preparation method is very suitable for operation and implementation in disaster areas with serious environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to method for cleaning treatment of sewage, more specifically relate to a kind of method of in case of emergency the simple and easy fast purification of sewage being produced emergent water.
Background technology
China belongs to the multiple country of disaster, various natural disasteies such as earthquake, floods, typhoon, rubble flow take place frequently, after most natural disasteies take place, the buildings big area in disaster area is collapsed, and damage, centralized water supply are interrupted, the water facilities subject to severe risks of damage, separate water supply and rural water supply also all are subjected to destruction in various degree, split etc. as water pipe silt sand, well casing mistake, easily cause very big difficulty to water supply.Simultaneously disaster can cause agricultural chemicals that all kinds of chemical plant, chemical warehouse, chemical industry shop, Agricultural Materials shop, family deposit etc. to be exposed in the environment, is easy to polluted source; Simultaneously, the geologic hazard meeting causes ground water table to change, and makes phreatic water be subjected to the influence of shallow seated groundwater or surface water infiltration, pollutes; When victim's remains are arranged near the water source, also may influence the water source; In addition, the hygiene control around the water source is not good at, and when sewage, rubbish, ight soil are arranged, is easy to cause pollution of waterhead.The back centralized water supply takes place and interrupts in disaster, owing to use unhygienic, contaminated water, easily causes disaster area population infection various diseases.Therefore guarantee the disaster area resident living water, carry out disaster area emergency water supply work to be one of mission critical of the disaster relief.
For common sewage disposal,---preliminary sedimentation---biochemical reaction---secondary sedimentation---disinfection---blowdown that its complete operating process is roughly as follows: sand setting, this treatment technology can be prepared quality water preferably, but implement this processing method and need big area place, heavy equipment and professional chemical reagent, and expend time in long, cost is high, under the harsh environmental conditions of disaster area, can't implement.Therefore seek a kind of suitable for emergency use water technology has using value very much.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of in natural disaster burst etc. in emergency circumstances, adopting family daily necessity is that water treatment device is built material and sewage-treating agent, at short notice the effective purifying treatment of sewage is produced the technology of emergent water, this technological operation is simple, short implementation cycle, the facility floor space is little, and water treatment is effective, cost is low, and is little to environmental influence.
Purpose of the present invention can be by following realization, and the method for in emergency circumstances the simple and easy tachytely of sewage being produced emergent water that the present invention proposes, described method comprise pre-filtering, flocculation and precipitation, refilter, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) pre-filtering realizes by pre-filtrating equipment, pre-filtrating equipment comprises first container 1, filtering material 3 and second container 4, the filtering material 3 that one deck size can cover second vessel port is placed in second container, 4 tops, first container 1 that a bottom is made an opening through is placed in filtering material 3 tops, the medullary ray alignment of first container 1 and second container 4, sewage 2 is injected first container 1, make sewage infiltrate filtering material 3 enter second container 4 and obtain preliminary filtered water 5, except macrobead rubbish, silt suspended substance and the parasite in the decontaminated water;
(2) flocculation and precipitation add vinegar and SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER successively, and stir in step (1) gained sewage, make sewage medium clay soil colloid and mineral substance solidify precipitation, and except hydrogen sulfide and methane band gas with foreign flavor in the decontaminated water;
(3) refilter by refiltering the device realization, the described device that refilters comprises simple and easy strainer, large size plastics bag 11 and collecting container 12, large size plastics bag 11 is wrapped in simple and easy filter bottom as guiding device, and large size plastics bag 11 the other ends are put into collecting container 12; The sewage of handling well in the step (2) poured into refilter device, remove throw out and sewage color in the step (2), collect filtered water, namely get emergent water.
Among the present invention; simple and easy strainer described in the step (3) comprises different size gravel 7, granulated active carbon 8, the 3rd container 9 and cotton-wool 10; place cotton-wool 10, granulated active carbon 8 and different size gravel 7, the three containers 9 bottoms in the 3rd container 9 from bottom to top and have some apertures.
Among the present invention, the 3rd container 9 bottom small apertures are 1cm, and spacing equates between the aperture, and are covered with the entire container bottom.
Among the present invention, cotton 10 floor heights are 2.0～2.5cm in the simple and easy strainer, and the granulated active carbon floor height is 2.5～3.0cm, and different size gravel 7 floor heights are 7.0～7.5cm.
Among the present invention, the vinegar injected volume is 140mL/1L sewage in the step (2).
Among the present invention, the SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER injected volume is 170mL/1L sewage in the step (2).
Among the present invention, described filtering material 3 be in gauze, sponge or the filter screen any.
Among the present invention, granulated active carbon 8 can grind the back with conventional charcoal crushing and replace, and gravel 7 can be used more than one replacements in red bean, mung bean or the corn grain.
The present invention can produce out the emergent water of the GB/T18920-2002 that is up to state standards according to above-mentioned treatment process at short notice with the sewage that is not polluted by a large amount of pharmaceutical chemicalss.
Advantage of the present invention is as follows:
1, technology is simple, easy to operate
A series of tediously long technical process such as sand setting, preliminary sedimentation, biochemical reaction, secondary sedimentation, disinfection and blowdown of conventional sewage disposal are reduced to preliminary filtration, flocculation and precipitation, refilter three steps according to disaster area situation organic assembling, simplified technical process, it is also convenient to operate.
2, material is easy to get, and device is easily built
Employed material in the sewage treatment process all is family daily necessity as bucket, water tumbler, washbasin, plastics bag, gauze, vinegar and SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER etc., is easy to obtain in the natural disaster burst region.Only need use in the build process of water treatment device and hole, hole and some simple operationss such as binding, be easy to build.
3, treatment time weak point, treatment effect is good
Adopt technical process of the present invention to handle common sewage, device can be put up in 30 minutes, the water of meeting an urgent need can be produced out in 20 minutes, the treatment time is very short.Become clarification after sewage is treated, no color free from extraneous odour, dissolved oxygen amount, pH value and ionic concn all reach for emergency use land that abounds in rivers and lakes man standard, and treatment effect is fine.
4, reusable, cost is low
Treatment unit of the present invention is built and can be used repeatedly repeatedly afterwards, only needs that filtering material is made cleaning slightly at every turn after handling and can drop into the next round use.Material therefor is family daily necessity cheap and easy to get in the treating processes, and processing cost is very low.
The present invention is applicable to the water source by physics, by the situation of domestic refuse and microbial contamination, reveals the water source that pollutes because of chemical pollutant and is not suitable for present method, explanation hereby.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the pre-filtrating equipment synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is for refiltering the device synoptic diagram.
Number in the figure: 1 is first container; 2 is sewage; 3 is filtering material; 4 is second container; 5 is preliminary filtered water; 6 for adding the pending water of setting accelerator; 7 is the gravel of different size; 8 is granulated active carbon; 9 is the 3rd container; 10 is cotton-wool; 11 is the large size plastics bag; 12 is collecting container; 13 are emergent water.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment is being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention; detailed mode and working process have been provided; but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment; if the equivalence of doing according to conception of the present invention changes; when its function that produces does not exceed spiritual that specification sheets and accompanying drawing contain yet; all should be within the scope of the invention, explanation hereby.
The somewhere especially big mountain torrents that happen suddenly, should ground water service system damage, the local resident can't obtain clean water from the external world at short notice, can only from mighty torrent, fetch water, but the water in the mighty torrent is mixed with a large amount of silts, swollen soil, and be mingled with a lot of domestic refuses, as coffee grounds, corn grain, Radix Dauci Sativae skin, biscuit chip, cat litter, soap, mineral substance fertilizer and human and animal excreta etc.The water muddiness of taking out, peculiar smell is arranged, and may contain parasite, can not directly use, need handle by technical process of the present invention, the concrete operations step is as follows:
The first step as shown in Figure 2, is got a large-scale barreled container 1, and for example bucket is made an opening through its bottom with instruments such as cutter or chisels.Other gets water-tight second container 4, this container bore is less than container 1, but greater than container 1 hole that make an opening through the bottom, layer overlay clean gauze 3 above second container 4, the size of gauze should be advisable can cover second container, 4 upper port fully, completes the back and binds with nylon rope.Container 1 is placed second container, 4 tops of having tied gauze 3, make the center-aligned of first container 1 and second container 4, so far pre-filtrating equipment is built and is finished.The sewage that to fetch from mighty torrent is slowly poured in first container 1 and is tentatively filtered, a considerable amount of silts, macrobead rubbish (coffee grounds, biscuit bits, corn grain etc.), suspended substance and parasite all can be blocked after the operation like this, remaining water then can enter second container 4 by gauze fast, obtains the preliminary filtered water 5 that opacity reduces greatly.
In second step, pre-filtering after finishing is taken off gauze, adds vinegar toward preliminary filtered water the inside, and injected volume is the preliminary filtered water of 140mL vinegar/1L, stirs fast after adding.The reason of throwing in vinegar is because this sewage contains a large amount of electronegative clay colloids, and the vinegar main component is CH
3COOH, positively charged H
+Zwitterion neutralization reaction destruction colloid equilibrium makes it precipitation after adding vinegar, the purpose that stirs has two, be in order to enlarge reaction area on the one hand, accelerate precipitation process, be to make in the air admission water on the other hand, promote the dissolved oxygen amount in the water, have some volatile matter of peculiar smell such as hydrogen sulfide, methane etc. to remove in the water.Stir and add SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER after 3 minutes more inside, injected volume is the preliminary filtered water of 170mL SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER/1L, stirs fast 3 minutes.The main component of SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER is NaClO, can be used as oxygenant, and alkaline environment is provided, and then the Fe of oxidation unboiled water the inside
2+, and make it precipitation, so just can from sewage, separate flocculation agent.
The 3rd step, as shown in Figure 3, get long straight the 3rd container 9, as dark waist bucket, pricking some diameters with awl in container bottom is aperture about 1cm, spacing distance is equal between the Kong Yukong, and aperture is covered with at the bottom of the entire container.At first fill in cotton 10 toward receptacle, compress compacting, thickness is 2.0～2.5cm; And then toward receptacle adding granulated active carbon (GAC) 8, the densification compacting, thickness is 2.5～3.0cm, if no granulated active carbon can grind the back replacement with common charcoal crushing; Add the different clean gravel rubble 7 of size at last in container, thickness is 7.0～7.5cm, if no suitable gravel, macrobead shape article such as available broad bean, red bean replace, and so far, namely produce simple and easy strainer.Simple and easy strainer is positioned on the stand, a large size plastics bag bottom is cut, plastics bag 11 1 ends are enclosed within simple and easy filter bottom, and tighten, the other end is introduced water-tight collecting container 12, can use a plurality of simple and easy strainers simultaneously, not tie up at strainer one end water with plastics bag and introduce collecting container 12, but faster production efficient.So far, refilter device and build and finish, the pre-filtering water 6 of throwing in vinegar and SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER is slowly poured in the simple and easy strainer, for some time can from collecting container 12, collect later emergent water 13.
Claims (8)
1. a method of in emergency circumstances the simple and easy tachytely of sewage being produced emergent water is characterized in that described method comprises pre-filtering, flocculation and precipitation, refilters, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1), pre-filtering realizes by pre-filtrating equipment, pre-filtrating equipment comprises first container (1), filtering material (3) and second container (4), the filtering material (3) that one deck size can cover second vessel port is placed in second container (4) top, first container (1) that a bottom is made an opening through is placed in filtering material (3) top, the medullary ray alignment of first container (1) and second container (4), sewage (2) is injected first container (1), make sewage infiltrate filtering material (3) enter second container (4) and obtain preliminary filtered water (5), except the macrobead rubbish in the decontaminated water, silt suspended substance and parasite;
(2), flocculation and precipitation, in step (1) gained sewage, add vinegar and SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER successively, and stir, make sewage medium clay soil colloid and mineral substance solidify precipitation, and remove hydrogen sulfide and methane band gas with foreign flavor in the decontaminated water;
(3), refilter by refiltering the device realization, the described device that refilters comprises simple and easy strainer, large size plastics bag (11) and collecting container (12), large size plastics bag (11) is wrapped in simple and easy filter bottom as guiding device, and large size plastics bag (11) the other end is put into collecting container (12); The sewage of handling well in the step (2) poured into refilter device, remove throw out and sewage color in the step (2), collect filtered water, namely get emergent water.
2. method according to claim 1; it is characterized in that simple and easy strainer described in the step (3) comprises different size gravel (7), granulated active carbon (8), the 3rd container (9) and cotton-wool (10); place cotton-wool (10), granulated active carbon (8) and different size gravel (7) in the 3rd container (9) from bottom to top, the 3rd container (9) bottom has some apertures.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that the 3rd container (9) bottom small aperture is 1cm, and spacing equates between the aperture, and is covered with the entire container bottom.
4. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that cotton (10) floor height is 2.0～2.5cm in the simple and easy strainer, and granulated active carbon (8) floor height is 2.5～3.0cm, and different size gravel (7) floor height is 7.0～7.5cm.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the vinegar injected volume is 140mL/1L sewage in the step (2).
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the SYNTHETIC OPTICAL WHITNER injected volume is 170mL/1L sewage in the step (2).
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described filtering material (3) in gauze, sponge or the filter screen any.
8. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that granulated active carbon (8) grinds the back with conventional charcoal crushing and replaces gravel (7) more than one replacements in red bean, mung bean or the corn grain.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101961270A CN103288234A (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-05-24 | Simple and fast preparation method of emergency water under emergency conditions |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2013101961270A CN103288234A (en) | 2013-05-24 | 2013-05-24 | Simple and fast preparation method of emergency water under emergency conditions |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106242123A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2016-12-21 | 成都秉德科技有限公司 | A kind of industrial waste water purifying filter |
| CN106416935A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Intelligent farmland irrigation device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202569762U (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-12-05 | 赵利铭 | Emergency purified water dispenser for disaster area |
| CN202898129U (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2013-04-24 | 水道机工株式会社 | Small-sized fresh water generator for emergency and fresh water generating system for emergency |
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2013
- 2013-05-24 CN CN2013101961270A patent/CN103288234A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202569762U (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-12-05 | 赵利铭 | Emergency purified water dispenser for disaster area |
| CN202898129U (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2013-04-24 | 水道机工株式会社 | Small-sized fresh water generator for emergency and fresh water generating system for emergency |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 赵立华等: "灾区饮水状况调查分析及解决办法", 《能源研究与信息》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106416935A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-02-22 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Intelligent farmland irrigation device |
| CN106242123A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2016-12-21 | 成都秉德科技有限公司 | A kind of industrial waste water purifying filter |
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Application publication date: 20130911 |