CN103280098B - Traffic congestion index calculation method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a traffic congestion index calculation method, which comprises the following steps: a, obtaining the traffic flow and the average running speed of vehicles of each road segment in a road network according to data provided by a road network vehicle detection equipment; b, calculating the number of vehicles contained in each road segment in the road network according to the traffic flow and the average running speed obtained in the step a; c, constructing a congestion intensity function taking the speed as an independent variable; d, substituting the speed of each road segment into the congestion intensity function to obtain the average congestion intensity of the road segment; and e, solving the weighted average of the congestion intensity of the whole road network by taking the number of the vehicles of each road segment as the weight number of the road segment, wherein the weighted average is used as the traffic congestion index of the road network. According to the traffic congestion index calculation method disclosed by the invention, psychological feelings of the publics can be relevantly reflected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to traffic congestion assessment technique field, one accurately can be weighed traffic congestion and feels affected traffic congestion index calculation method to human psychological specifically.
Background technology
Traffic congestion is the concentrated reflection that mouth skewness, the limited and city layout of urban transportation supply and economic development that economic development imbalance causes such as not to mate at the various social contradications, is a global problem.In order to deeply understand the essence of traffic congestion comprehensively, for the every aspect work such as traffic administration, planning, policy appearance provide support and correct guidance Public Traveling, present situation that what practical alleviation was increasingly serious block up, need a set of assessment indicator system that conscientiously can reflect road congestion conditions, wherein just comprise traffic congestion index.Total being divided into of evaluation index of blocking up: a, the index being object with people or car, comprise vehicle average velocity, per capita block up impression etc.; B, take road as the index of object, comprise trip total amount, road network average density, mileage ratio etc. of blocking up.Existing evaluation index Jun Yi road is object, the index solved for radix with system-wide net fixed amount.Shortcoming is can not the practical impression that brings to people of proper reflection traffic congestion, and the evaluation result in particular cases provided in some extreme weathers, zonule, traffic control etc. and the difference of actual impression truly can not reflect more greatly the impression of the public.
Because the defect that above-mentioned existing traffic congestion evaluation method exists, the present inventor's actively in addition research and innovation, can the traffic congestion index calculation method experienced at heart of proper reaction public to what found a kind of novelty, to solve the deficiency that prior art exists.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of traffic congestion index calculation method that can properly react the public and experience at heart.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, present invention employs following technical scheme:
Traffic congestion index calculation method, comprises the steps:
The vehicle flowrate in each section and the average overall travel speed of vehicle in a, the data acquisition road network that provides according to road network vehicle equipment;
B, calculate according to the vehicle flowrate of upper step gained and average overall travel speed the vehicle number that in road network, each section comprises;
C, to construct with speed be the sense strength function that blocks up of independent variable;
D, the speed in each section brought into the sense intensity of on average blocking up that the sense strength function that blocks up obtains this section;
E, block up the weighted mean value of sense intensity as the traffic congestion index of this road network with the vehicle number in each section as the weights in this section road network of demanding perfection.
As preferably, described road network vehicle equipment is fixed test device or Floating Car, wherein fixed test device uses microwave, earth magnetism or telefault to obtain section vehicle flowrate and the section speed in each section in road network, Floating Car is by constantly reporting GPS location, by the distance between position divided by the average velocity reporting the time interval can obtain section.
As preferably, the vehicle number that in road network, each section comprises obtains by the following method: a, with fixed test device obtain section flow draw track density divided by section speed, track density is multiplied by track road and road section length draws the vehicle number that this section comprises; The function that b, the average velocity using Floating Car to obtain bring velocity and density relation into derives approximate track density, then is multiplied by number of track-lines by track density and road section length show that this section comprises vehicle number.
As preferably, described in the sense strength function that blocks up as follows: λ=α ln (C-v)+S
Wherein λ is the sense intensity of blocking up of simulation human psychological change, and numerical value is larger, and sense of blocking up is stronger; C is threshold value of blocking up, and speed is less than the sense threshold value people that blocks up and blocks up sense; V is car speed; α and S is normaliztion constant.
As preferably, λ is quantified as 0 to 10, and during by v=C, when λ=0 and v=0, the value of normaliztion constant α and S is determined in λ=10.
As preferably, according to current condition, the road of whole road network is divided into different brackets, determines its threshold value of blocking up respectively to each grade road, the higher threshold value value of blocking up of category of roads is larger.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the present invention establishes the contact between the volume of traffic and psychology amount first, gives the quantitative relationship of the volume of traffic and psychology amount, gives the method how weighing the impression brought to human psychological of blocking up;
2, prior art Shi Yi road is object, takies situation index by calculating the road network road network that mileage ratio, road mileage etc. obtain that blocks up; The present invention establishes the contact between the volume of traffic and psychology amount first in traffic science field, and by the psychological feelings of speed and people is set up corresponding relation, then weighting is averaging the evaluation number of blocking up obtaining whole urban transportation;
3, the present invention is applicable to various extreme situation, can contain the various running status of road network.In particular cases all can react the impression of people more really in zonule, extreme weather etc., application scenarios is wider;
With existing, 4 to block up based on road network that to compare the index system provided of the present invention be that high-order can be led for the exponentiation algorithm of mileage ratio, index undulatory property is less, curve is more level and smooth.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is traffic congestion psychological feelings index calculation flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 be response speed and human psychological block up feel between the schematic diagram of relation;
Fig. 3 is the congestion index figure that the inventive method is applied to extreme weather;
Fig. 4 is the congestion index figure that the inventive method is applied to zonule;
Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B be the inventive method with based on the mileage ratio method Comparative result figure as a comparison case that blocks up.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is traffic congestion psychological feelings index calculation flow chart of the present invention; As shown in Figure 1, traffic congestion index calculation method, comprises the steps:
The vehicle flowrate in each section and the average overall travel speed of vehicle in a, the data acquisition road network that provides according to road network vehicle equipment;
B, calculate according to the vehicle flowrate of upper step gained and average overall travel speed the vehicle number that in road network, each section comprises;
C, to construct with speed be the sense strength function that blocks up of independent variable;
D, the speed in each section brought into the sense intensity of on average blocking up that the sense strength function that blocks up obtains this section;
E, block up the weighted mean value of sense intensity as the traffic congestion index of this road network with the vehicle number in each section as the weights in this section road network of demanding perfection.
Preferred as above-described embodiment, road network vehicle equipment can be fixed test device or Floating Car etc.Existing more equipment can obtain the data of needs at present.Wherein fixed test device can be the section vehicle flowrate and the section speed that use microwave, earth magnetism, bluetooth equipment or telefault etc. to obtain each section in road network.Floating Car is by constantly reporting GPS location, by the distance between position divided by the average velocity reporting the time interval can obtain section.The data that the vehicle number that in road network, each section comprises can provide according to road network vehicle equipment obtain by the following method: a, with fixed test device obtain section flow draw track density divided by section speed, track density is multiplied by track road and road section length draws the vehicle number that this section comprises; The function that b, the average velocity using Floating Car to obtain bring velocity and density relation into derives approximate track density, then is multiplied by number of track-lines by track density and road section length show that this section comprises vehicle number.
Preferred as above-described embodiment, the sense strength function that blocks up is as follows: λ=α ln (C-v)+S
Wherein λ is the sense intensity of blocking up of simulation human psychological change, and numerical value is larger, and sense of blocking up is stronger; C is threshold value of blocking up, and speed is less than the sense threshold value people that blocks up and blocks up sense; V is car speed; α and S is normaliztion constant.
In general, the sense of blocking up of the lower people of speed is stronger, in order to the sense intensity of blocking up that friction speed is brought to people described difference using speed as the sense quantity of stimulus that blocks up, the blocking up of structure reflection car speed and people experience between the sense curve that blocks up of relation.Fig. 2 be response speed and human psychological block up feel between the schematic diagram of relation, as shown in Figure 2, transverse axis is speed, and the longitudinal axis is sense intensity of blocking up, and is quantified as grade 0 to 10.During by v=C, when λ=0 and v=0, the value of normaliztion constant α and S is determined in λ=10.The intersection point feeling curve and transverse axis that blocks up is threshold value of blocking up (the unimpeded critical point with blocking up), speed is less than the sense threshold value people that blocks up and blocks up sense, the sense of blocking up more greatly of the lower and difference of threshold value of blocking up of speed is stronger, and speed sense of blocking up after being greater than the threshold speed that blocks up is 0.
The form feeling curve of blocking up is logarithmic curve, the change of the psychological feelings that onesize velocity variations is brought when high speed is greater than psychology change during low speed, the mental difference brought Deng the velocity variations of unit is proportional with basal rate during change, just entered when blocking up threshold value maximum, the difference reducing the psychological feelings that same velocity variations is brought along with speed gradually reduces gradually.
As preferably, according to current condition, the road of whole road network is divided into different brackets, determines its threshold value of blocking up respectively to each grade road, the higher threshold value value of blocking up of category of roads is larger.40km/hr, 30km/hr, 25km/hr is respectively according to Ministry of Communications's standard through street, trunk roads and secondary distributor road threshold value of blocking up of blocking up.
One preferred again as above-described embodiment, in step e, need to use different threshold values of blocking up to different brackets road, determine the threshold value of blocking up of each grade road, the vehicle number weighted mean held according to section again obtains the traffic congestion index of road network, and concrete formula is as follows:
Wherein
the traffic congestion index of system-wide net, N
cfor category of roads number, c
ithe road being i for grade holds vehicle number, λ
ifor the sense intensity of blocking up that grade is the section of i.
Fig. 3 verifies for adopting Beijing's on July 12nd, 2012 (normal day), July 21 (heavy rain traffic paralysis at night), Dec 28 (start to snow heavily in the afternoon) respectively, proves that this present invention is applicable to various extreme weather.
Fig. 4 is the comparing result of index method of Beijing CBD region the present invention on July 12nd, 2012 and existing mileage ratio of blocking up based on road network, prove that undulatory property of the present invention is less, more steady to the reaction of traffic behavior change, and when avoiding heavy congestion, index occurs; The unreasonable situation of Continuous Approximation maximum value.
Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B gives based on Beijing's road net data the inventive method and based on the mileage ratio method Comparative result figure as a comparison case that blocks up.Fig. 5 A is the congestion index curve map of Beijing system-wide net on Dec 24th, 2012; Fig. 5 B is the congestion index curve map of Beijing system-wide net on Dec 26th, 2012; As can be seen from the figure, the two is consistent to the overall trend of change of blocking up, difference is 1, the latter morning evening peak to change more to blocking up that Sensitivity Index rise and fall are rapider; 2, the former difference of index at afternoon and night is obvious, more meets traveler psychological feelings; 3, the former undulatory property is less, more steady to the reflection of blocking up.The reason created a difference be the former using artificial research object, by quantity per capita as criterion, to take road as object according to scope of blocking up weigh the latter blocks up, and the Changing Pattern of people's average and total amount of blocking up is not completely the same.
Above embodiment is only exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and be not used in restriction the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.Those skilled in the art can in essence of the present invention and protection domain, and make various amendment or equivalent replacement to the present invention, this amendment or equivalent replacement also should be considered as dropping in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. traffic congestion index calculation method, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
The vehicle flowrate in each section and the average overall travel speed of vehicle in a, the data acquisition road network that provides according to road network vehicle equipment;
B, calculate according to the vehicle flowrate of upper step gained and average overall travel speed the vehicle number that in road network, each section comprises;
C, to construct with speed be the sense strength function that blocks up of independent variable, described in the sense strength function that blocks up as follows: λ=α ln (C-v)+S,
Wherein λ is the sense intensity of blocking up of simulation human psychological change, and numerical value is larger, and sense of blocking up is stronger; C is threshold value of blocking up, and speed is less than the sense threshold value people that blocks up and blocks up sense; V is car speed; α and S is normaliztion constant;
D, the speed in each section brought into the sense intensity of on average blocking up that the sense strength function that blocks up obtains this section;
E, block up the weighted mean value of sense intensity as the traffic congestion index of this road network with the vehicle number in each section as the weights in this section road network of demanding perfection.
2. traffic congestion index calculation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described road network vehicle equipment is fixed test device or Floating Car, wherein fixed test device uses microwave, earth magnetism or telefault to obtain section vehicle flowrate and the section speed in each section in road network, Floating Car is by constantly reporting GPS location, by the distance between position divided by the average velocity reporting the time interval can obtain section.
3. traffic congestion index calculation method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the vehicle number that in road network, each section comprises obtains by the following method: a, with fixed test device obtain section flow draw track density divided by section speed, track density is multiplied by track road and road section length draws the vehicle number that this section comprises; The function that b, the average velocity using Floating Car to obtain bring velocity and density relation into derives approximate track density, then is multiplied by number of track-lines by track density and road section length show that this section comprises vehicle number.
4. traffic congestion index calculation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, λ is quantified as 0 to 10, and during by v=C, when λ=0 and v=0, the value of normaliztion constant α and S is determined in λ=10.
5. traffic congestion index calculation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step e, need to use different threshold values of blocking up to different brackets road, determine the threshold value of blocking up of each grade road, the vehicle number weighted mean held according to section again obtains the traffic congestion index of road network, and concrete formula is as follows:
Wherein
the traffic congestion index of system-wide net, N
cfor category of roads number, c
ithe road being i for grade holds vehicle number, λ
ifor the sense intensity of blocking up that grade is the section of i.
6. traffic congestion index calculation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, according to current condition, the road of whole road network is divided into different brackets, determines its threshold value of blocking up respectively to each grade road, and the higher threshold value value of blocking up of category of roads is larger.
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| JP5803162B2 (en) * | 2011-03-10 | 2015-11-04 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Traffic index calculation device, traffic index calculation method, and traffic index calculation program |
| CN103021176B (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2014-06-11 | 浙江大学 | Discriminating method based on section detector for urban traffic state |
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