CN103279377A - Method and device for comparing degrees of difference of codes - Google Patents
Method and device for comparing degrees of difference of codes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and device for comparing degrees of the difference of codes. The method comprises a first step of obtaining a first program and a second program, compiling the first program and the second program in order to obtain a first binary system program and a second binary system program, a second step of respectively disassembling the first binary system program and the second binary system program in order to obtain a first text and a second text, and a third step of conducting comparison of the degrees of the difference between the first program and the second program according to the first text and the second text. The method can conduct comparison of the degrees of the difference under the condition that source codes are not obtained, effectively avoids secret divulgement caused by opening of the codes, finds the difference of the function level between two versions of the programs, rapidly judges which function is changed in the interpretation program so that functions which are changed in the program can be judged. The invention further provides a device for comparing the degree of the difference of the codes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of computer technology, particularly a kind of code diversity factor comparative approach and device.
Background technology
At present, the instrument that carries out the comparison of code diversity factor is mainly CVS, and its mode of comparing is that the source code to two version programs of this project compares, and mode relatively is based on the comparison of text mode.The source code of for example saying the present version of contrast is with respect to increasing in the previous version source code or deleted which source file, or change has taken place the content of text of which source file.
In the manner of comparison based on file that adopts in the instruments such as CVS, the technical matters below main the existence:
Need obtain source code or need the number of the account of CVS.Because the account of the source code of some project or CVS is maintained secrecy, have only a spot of developer just can obtain source code and CVS number of the account.If thereby the tester thinks pointed testing, learn the code change thereby can only go to link up to the developer so.
Can only obtain the code diversity factor of file-level.CVS employing text mode of comparing is come the difference between two version source programs of comparison, thereby only can obtain other program difference of text level.For example say that change has taken place which .cpp file, increased which source file newly or deleted which source file.Because in a source file, may have a large amount of functions, if developer or tester want to judge change has taken place which function method in this document, then need oneself to remove to seek the function that changes according to the line number that changes code, this process is comparatively loaded down with trivial details.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is intended to solve at least one of described technological deficiency.
For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of code diversity factor comparative approach, what this method can avoid effectively that code openly causes divulges a secret, and change has taken place which function in the interpretation program rapidly, thereby change has taken place which function of determining program.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of code diversity factor comparison means.
For achieving the above object, the embodiment of first aspect present invention discloses a kind of code diversity factor comparative approach, may further comprise the steps: obtain first program and second program, and respectively described first program and second program are compiled to obtain first binary program and second binary program; Respectively described first binary program and second binary program are carried out dis-assembling to obtain first text and second text; According to described first text and second text described first program and second program are carried out diversity factor relatively respectively.
According to the code diversity factor comparative approach of the embodiment of the invention, can compare the problem of divulging a secret that effectively to avoid code openly to cause to the diversity factor between two version programs (as first program and second program) in the situation that does not obtain source code.In addition, this method can also find other difference of function level between two version programs, and developer and tester not only can obtain the code diversity factor of file-level, and change has taken place which function in the interpretation program rapidly.In addition, this method can make developer and tester directly obtain the function information that changes, thereby change has taken place which function of determining program, and is easy and simple to handle and be easy to realize.
In addition, code diversity factor comparative approach according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characterictic:
In some instances, describedly according to described first text and second text described first program and second program are carried out diversity factor respectively and more further comprise: second function information of from described first text and second text, extracting each function in first function information of each function in described first program and described second program respectively; And according to described first function information and second function information described first program and second program are carried out diversity factor relatively.
In some instances, described first function information and second function information comprise the machine code information in function name and the function respectively.
In some instances, describedly according to first function information and second function information described first program and second program are carried out diversity factor and more further comprise: generate diversity factor information according to the machine code information in described first function information and second function information; And described diversity factor information analyzed to extract function name in the described diversity factor information, with the function name that obtains to change between described first program and second program.
In some instances, described first program and second program are the program of different editions.
The embodiment of second aspect present invention discloses a kind of code diversity factor comparison means, comprising: acquisition module is used for obtaining first program and second program; Collector is used for respectively described first program and second program being compiled to obtain first binary program and second binary program; The dis-assembling module is used for respectively described first binary program and second binary program being carried out dis-assembling to obtain first text and second text; The diversity factor comparison module is used for according to described first text and second text described first program and second program being carried out diversity factor relatively respectively.
According to the code diversity factor comparison means of the embodiment of the invention, can compare the problem of divulging a secret that effectively to avoid code openly to cause to the diversity factor between two version programs (as first program and second program) in the situation that does not obtain source code.In addition, this device can also find other difference of function level between two version programs, and developer and tester not only can obtain the code diversity factor of file-level, and change has taken place which function in the interpretation program rapidly.In addition, this device can make developer and tester directly obtain the function information that changes, thereby change has taken place which function of determining program easily.
In addition, code diversity factor comparison means according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characterictic:
In some instances, described diversity factor comparison module further comprises: extract submodule, be used for respectively extracting from described first text and second text second function information of each function in first function information of each function described first program and described second program; And the diversity factor comparison sub-module, be used for according to described first function information and second function information described first program and second program being carried out diversity factor relatively.
In some instances, described first function information and second function information comprise the machine code information in function name and the function respectively.
In some instances, described diversity factor comparison sub-module generates diversity factor information according to the machine code information in described first function information and second function information, and described diversity factor information analyzed to extract function name in the described diversity factor information, with the function name that obtains to change between described first program and second program.
In some instances, described first program and second program are the program of different editions.
The aspect that the present invention adds and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Of the present invention and/or additional aspect and advantage are from obviously and easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of code diversity factor comparative approach according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 be according to an embodiment of the invention code diversity factor comparative approach first program and second program are carried out diversity factor detail flowchart relatively;
Fig. 3 be according to an embodiment of the invention code diversity factor comparative approach according to first function information and second function information first program and second program are carried out diversity factor detail flowchart relatively;
Fig. 4 is the synoptic diagram of the file that generates in each of code diversity factor comparative approach according to an embodiment of the invention in stage;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of ELF formatted file in the code diversity factor comparative approach according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the order synoptic diagram of operating under linux that uses objdump to carry out dis-assembling in the code diversity factor comparative approach according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 7 is the file layout synoptic diagram of the .text text in the code diversity factor comparative approach according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 8 is the synoptic diagram of first function information and/or second function information in the code diversity factor comparative approach according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the machine code in the binary program and the assembly statement synoptic diagram after the dis-assembling in the code diversity factor comparative approach according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 10 is the information synoptic diagram of the function of the variation that obtains after utilizing diff to compare in the code diversity factor comparative approach according to an embodiment of the invention;
Figure 11 is the synoptic diagram of code diversity factor comparison means according to an embodiment of the invention; And
Figure 12 is the structural drawing of the diversity factor comparison module of code diversity factor comparison means according to an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings, only be used for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " vertically ", " laterally ", " on ", close the orientation of indications such as D score, " preceding ", " back ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward " or position is based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relation, only be that the present invention for convenience of description and simplification are described, rather than indication or the hint device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific orientation structure and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention, need to prove, unless otherwise prescribed and limit, term " installation ", " linking to each other ", " connection " should be done broad understanding, for example, can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, also can be the connection of two element internals, can be directly to link to each other, and also can link to each other indirectly by intermediary, for the ordinary skill in the art, can understand the concrete implication of described term as the case may be.
Below in conjunction with code diversity factor comparative approach and the device of accompanying drawing description according to the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of code diversity factor comparative approach according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1, this code diversity factor comparative approach may further comprise the steps:
Step S101: obtain first program and second program, and respectively first program and second program are compiled to obtain first binary program and second binary program.
In concrete example of the present invention, first program and second program are the program of different editions.Particularly, obtaining two version programs (first program and second program) afterwards, first program and second program are compiled, developer or tester just can easily get access to first binary program and second binary program after the compiling.Because binary file does not relate to the confidentiality requirement of CVS number of the account authority and code, thereby can relatively easily obtain.
Need to prove that first program and second program are not limited to the program of different editions, also can be the program of same version.The method of the embodiment of the invention can be carried out the code diversity factor relatively to the program of same version equally.
Step S102: respectively first binary program and second binary program are carried out dis-assembling to obtain first text and second text.
As a concrete example, can utilize the objdump instrument that first binary program and second binary program are carried out dis-assembling, and the content of extracting the .text in the ELF formatted file in the spanned file after the dis-assembling respectively is as first text and second text, when allowing, also the content of the .text that extracts can be saved in the predetermined file, and with file suffixes called after .asm.Like this, with two .asm files as first text and second text.
Step S103: according to first text and second text first program and second program are carried out diversity factor relatively respectively.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 2, can carry out diversity factor relatively to first program and second program in the following way, may further comprise the steps:
Step S201: second function information of from first text and second text, extracting each function in first function information of each function in first program and second program respectively.
In above-mentioned example, first function information and second function information comprise the machine code information in function name and the function respectively.In other words, by first text and second text are analyzed, obtain first function information (the machine code information in function name and the function) of each function in first text, and second function information (the machine code information in function name and the function) of each function in second text.In concrete example, first function information and second function information can be saved in the default file, be in the .data file as suffix.
Step S202: first program and second program are carried out diversity factor relatively according to first function information (the machine code information in function name and the function) and second function information (the machine code information in function name and the function).As a concrete example, as shown in Figure 3, according to first function information and second function information first program and second program are carried out diversity factor relatively, may further comprise the steps:
Step S301: generate diversity factor information according to the machine code information in first function information and second function information.For example: utilize linux order diff that first function information in above-mentioned two version programs that obtain and the machine code information in second function information (i.e. two .data files) are compared, thereby obtain the diversity factor information of function in two version programs.And this diversity factor information can be saved in the default file, be the .diff file as suffix.
Step S302: diversity factor information is analyzed to extract function name in the diversity factor information, with the function name that obtains to change between first program and second program.For example: diff result's (being the .diff file) is relatively analyzed, therefrom extract function name (function name information), and to be saved in the function name that changes such as suffix be in the .list file, like this, in the .list file, namely preserved the function name information (function name) that changes in two version programs.
In above example, this method which kind of in stage generate as .asm file .data file .diff file and .list file as shown in Figure 4.ELF is the destination file format a kind of commonly used under the Linux, and its structure as shown in Figure 5.Contrast the diversity factor between the code between two version programs (first program and second program) as long as analyze .text section and .data section, in binary file, extract these two sections and these two sections are carried out dis-assembling, such as using the objdump disassemblers.The order of operating under Linux as shown in Figure 6.Carry out the form of the .text assembling file that obtains after the dis-assembling as shown in Figure 7.
Each function of occurring in the program code and compilation information and the machine code in each function in the dis-assembling file, have been comprised.As shown in Figure 8, be that binary program is carried out the function information that obtains after the dis-assembling, wherein, in Fig. 8,＜〉and in content representation be the title of function, the below of each function name is the operational order that comprises in this function.As shown in Figure 9, the left side be machine code in the binary program, the assembly statement after the dis-assembling that the right side is.The machine code that comprises in the function name extracted and this function is written to delegation in the file.As shown in the table, be that the program of a version is carried out function name in the program that the dis-assembling analysis obtains and the machine code information in the respective function.
Table 1
After obtaining the dis-assembling information of two version program functions, adopt the mode of diff that two texts are compared, obtain the information of the function that changes in two version programs.Thereby can judge that in the program of these two versions, change has taken place which function.As shown in figure 10, show the information of the function of the variation that obtains after employing diff mode compares.
According to the code diversity factor comparative approach of the embodiment of the invention, can compare the problem of divulging a secret that effectively to avoid code openly to cause to the diversity factor between two version programs (as first program and second program) in the situation that does not obtain source code.In addition, this method can also find other difference of function level between two version programs, and developer and tester not only can obtain the code diversity factor of file-level, and change has taken place which function in the interpretation program rapidly.In addition, this method can make developer and tester directly obtain the function information that changes, thereby change has taken place which function of determining program, and is easy and simple to handle and be easy to realize.
Figure 11 is the synoptic diagram of code diversity factor comparison means according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in figure 11, this code diversity factor comparison means 400 comprises: acquisition module 410, collector 420, dis-assembling module 430 and diversity factor comparison module 440.
Wherein, acquisition module 410 is used for obtaining first program and second program.In concrete example of the present invention, first program and second program are the program of different editions.Need to prove that first program and second program are not limited to the program of different editions, also can be the program of same version.The method of the embodiment of the invention can be carried out the code diversity factor relatively to the program of same version equally.
Collector 420 is used for respectively first program and second program being compiled to obtain first binary program and second binary program.Obtain two version programs (first program and second program) afterwards at acquisition module 410, collector 420 can compile first program and second program, and developer or tester just can easily get access to first binary program and second binary program after the compiling.Because binary file does not relate to the confidentiality requirement of CVS number of the account authority and code, thereby can relatively easily obtain.
Dis-assembling module 430 is used for respectively first binary program and second binary program being carried out dis-assembling to obtain first text and second text.As a concrete example, can utilize the objdump instrument that first binary program and second binary program are carried out dis-assembling, and the content of extracting the .text in the ELF formatted file in the spanned file after the dis-assembling respectively is as first text and second text, when allowing, also the content of the .text that extracts can be saved in the predetermined file, and with file suffixes called after .asm.Like this, with two .asm files as first text and second text.
Diversity factor comparison module 440 is used for according to first text and second text first program and second program being carried out diversity factor relatively respectively.
As shown in figure 12, the diversity factor comparison module 440 of the code diversity factor comparison means 400 of the embodiment of the invention can comprise: extract submodule 441 and diversity factor comparison sub-module 442.
Particularly, extract second function information that submodule 441 is used for respectively extracting from first text and second text each function in first function information of each function first program and second program.In above-mentioned example, first function information and second function information comprise the machine code information in function name and the function respectively.In other words, by first text and second text are analyzed, obtain first function information (the machine code information in function name and the function) of each function in first text, and second function information (the machine code information in function name and the function) of each function in second text.In concrete example, first function information and second function information can be saved in the default file, be in the .data file as suffix.
Diversity factor comparison sub-module 442 is used for according to first function information and second function information first program and second program being carried out diversity factor relatively.Particularly, the diversity factor comparison sub-module can generate diversity factor information according to the machine code information in first function information and second function information, and diversity factor information analyzed to extract function name in the diversity factor information, with the function name that obtains to change between first program and second program.
For example: utilize linux order diff that first function information in above-mentioned two version programs that obtain and the machine code information in second function information (i.e. two .data files) are compared, thereby obtain the diversity factor information of function in two version programs.And this diversity factor information can be saved in the default file, be the .diff file as suffix.Diff result's (being the .diff file) is relatively analyzed, therefrom extract function name (function name information), and to be saved in the function name that changes such as suffix be in the .list file, like this, in the .list file, namely preserved the function name information (function name) that changes in two version programs.
In above example, this device which kind of in stage generate as .asm file .data file .diff file and .list file as shown in Figure 4.ELF is the destination file format a kind of commonly used under the Linux, and its structure as shown in Figure 5.Contrast the diversity factor between the code between two version programs (first program and second program) as long as analyze .text section and .data section, in binary file, extract these two sections and these two sections are carried out dis-assembling, such as using the objdump disassemblers.The order of operating under Linux as shown in Figure 6.Carry out the form of the .text assembling file that obtains after the dis-assembling as shown in Figure 7.
Each function of occurring in the program code and compilation information and the machine code in each function in the dis-assembling file, have been comprised.As shown in Figure 8, be that binary program is carried out the function information that obtains after the dis-assembling, wherein, in Fig. 8,＜〉and in content representation be the title of function, the below of each function name is the operational order that comprises in this function.As shown in Figure 9, the left side be machine code in the binary program, the assembly statement after the dis-assembling that the right side is.The machine code that comprises in the function name extracted and this function is written to delegation in the file.As shown in table 1, be that the program of a version is carried out function name in the program that the dis-assembling analysis obtains and the machine code information in the respective function.
After obtaining the dis-assembling information of two version program functions, adopt the mode of diff that two texts are compared, obtain the information of the function that changes in two version programs.Thereby can judge that in the program of these two versions, change has taken place which function.As shown in figure 10, show the information of the function of the variation that obtains after employing diff mode compares.
According to the code diversity factor comparison means of the embodiment of the invention, can compare the problem of divulging a secret that effectively to avoid code openly to cause to the diversity factor between two version programs (as first program and second program) in the situation that does not obtain source code.In addition, this device can also find other difference of function level between two version programs, and developer and tester not only can obtain the code diversity factor of file-level, and change has taken place which function in the interpretation program rapidly.In addition, this device can make developer and tester directly obtain the function information that changes, thereby change has taken place which function of determining program.
In the description of this instructions, concrete feature, structure, material or characteristics that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means in conjunction with this embodiment or example description are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to described term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete feature, structure, material or the characteristics of description can be with the suitable manner combination in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment that scope of the present invention is by claims and be equal to and limit.
Claims (10)
1. a code diversity factor comparative approach is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Obtain first program and second program, and respectively described first program and second program are compiled to obtain first binary program and second binary program;
Respectively described first binary program and second binary program are carried out dis-assembling to obtain first text and second text;
According to described first text and second text described first program and second program are carried out diversity factor relatively respectively.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, describedly according to described first text and second text described first program and second program is carried out diversity factor respectively and more further comprises:
From described first text and second text, extract second function information of each function in first function information of each function in described first program and described second program respectively; And
According to described first function information and second function information described first program and second program are carried out diversity factor relatively.
3. method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described first function information and second function information comprise the machine code information in function name and the function respectively.
4. method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, describedly according to first function information and second function information described first program and second program is carried out diversity factor and more further comprises:
Generate diversity factor information according to the machine code information in described first function information and second function information; And
Described diversity factor information is analyzed to extract function name in the described diversity factor information, with the function name that obtains to change between described first program and second program.
5. as each described method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that described first program and second program are the program of different editions.
6. a code diversity factor comparison means is characterized in that, comprising:
Acquisition module is used for obtaining first program and second program;
Collector is used for respectively described first program and second program being compiled to obtain first binary program and second binary program;
The dis-assembling module is used for respectively described first binary program and second binary program being carried out dis-assembling to obtain first text and second text;
The diversity factor comparison module is used for according to described first text and second text described first program and second program being carried out diversity factor relatively respectively.
7. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described diversity factor comparison module further comprises:
Extract submodule, be used for respectively extracting from described first text and second text second function information of each function in first function information of each function described first program and described second program; And
The diversity factor comparison sub-module is used for according to described first function information and second function information described first program and second program being carried out diversity factor relatively.
8. device as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, described first function information and second function information comprise the machine code information in function name and the function respectively.
9. device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described diversity factor comparison sub-module generates diversity factor information according to the machine code information in described first function information and second function information, and described diversity factor information analyzed to extract function name in the described diversity factor information, with the function name that obtains to change between described first program and second program.
10. as each described device of claim 6-9, it is characterized in that described first program and second program are the program of different editions.
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