CN103278605A - Large-range CO2 concentration monitoring method based on vehicle sensor network - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-range CO2 concentration monitoring method based on a vehicle sensor network. The method comprises the following steps that: (1) a vehicle-mounted device CO2 sensor module senses the CO2 concentration of the driving environment according to the obtained rate of return, and transmits the CO2 concentration to an interior receiving device through the 802.15.4 wireless communication protocol; (2) a vehicle-mounted device GPS module obtains the VSN car position information; (3) a Jennic chip integrates the CO2 concentration value and the VSN car position information, and transmits the integrated information to a Server through a vehicle-mounted device GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) module; (4) the Server adjusts each VSN car according to practical situation, and transmits an adjusting message to each VSN car through a GSM short message system; (6) repeatedly executing the steps (1)-(6). According to the method, the accuracy and the timeliness of large-range CO2 concentration monitoring can be improved on the basis of saving lots of manpower and material resource cost.

Description

A kind of CO on a large scale based on vehicle mounted sensor network 2Concentration monitoring method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of based on CO in the environment on a large scale of vehicle mounted sensor network ₂Concentration monitoring method.Utilize this method, can be real-time obtain on a large scale each regional CO in the environment ₂Concentration data provides foundation for government department formulates relevant environmental regulation.

Background technology

Along with the development gradually of industry, CO ₂Concentration sharply rises, and becomes the arch-criminal of " greenhouse effect ", accounts for 55% in the main greenhouse gas, and control also reduces CO ₂Discharge capacity becomes the main target that various countries check greenhouse effect.

Accomplish to control and reduce the CO in a certain zone ₂Discharge capacity must be known the CO of this area earlier ₂The concentration value data.Face environment on a large scale, the most frequently used method is that government organs send the professional to go image data to the appointed place at present.But such method has a lot of shortcomings:

1, because to monitor is the CO of environment on a large scale ₂Concentration value, this drops into a large amount of human and material resources with regard to needs and carries out operation, and cost is higher.

2, since weather to people's restraining factors, this method can only be used preferably the time in weather condition, can not be applicable to all weather.

3, this method specific practice is, the staff is to appointed place survey record CO ₂The concentration value data, get back to then office again input computer carry out analyzing and processing, this just certainly will reduce the accuracy of data, and data are some fixed-point datas, and is not comprehensive, lacks degree of accuracy.

Generally speaking, currently used monitoring CO ₂The method of concentration value, there is very big drawback, can't accomplish the ageing and degree of accuracy that scientific research is required, can not provide strong foundation for government department, and need the great amount of manpower and material resources resource to drop into, restricted its economic feasibility, runed counter to country current " Intensive economy " pattern of advocating.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the existing CO of environment on a large scale ₂The deficiency of concentration monitoring method the invention provides a kind of human and material resources that can reduce and drops into, and effectively improves CO ₂Ageing and the method for accuracy of concentration value monitoring.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

A kind of CO of environment on a large scale based on vehicle mounted sensor network ₂Concentration monitoring method comprises Vehicle Sensor perception CO ₂Concentration, GPS module position location, GSM module receives, the passback data, four parts of middle control Server deal with data, described method may further comprise the steps:

(1), zone to be measured is divided into several identical blocks, each block grid _{I, j}Expression, i wherein, j is the coordinate of block;

(2), the VSN car that will have car-mounted device sends in each block at random;

(3), each sensor is carried out sample frequency and return rate initialization setting;

(4), each VSN car arbitrarily walks about CO ₂Sensor is according to the CO of given sample frequency to environment ₂Gas carries out concentration sampling, and the gained concentration value of will sampling is sent to the node that has the Jennic chip in the car via radio receiving transmitting module;

(5), the current sample coordinate of the record of the GPS locating device in the car;

(6), have the node of Jennic chip with CO ₂Concentration value and positional information are integrated, and are uploaded to via the GSM note system and control Server in the rear;

(7), middle control Server record gained CO ₂Concentration value and positional information are drawn CO in conjunction with Google Map ₂The concentration value level line;

(8), middle control Server is according to the data quantity of collecting, and estimates out the VSN car quantity in each block, calculates the return rate that makes new advances, and sends to each VSN car with adjusting message by the GSM note system;

(9), repeat (1)～(8) step.

Principle of work of the present invention is: adopt vehicle-mounted CO ₂The CO of sensor senses environment ₂Concentration records its concentration value; Utilize the GPS locating module to record its current location information; Gather CO ₂Concentration value and positional information are drawn out CO to the back method, system in conjunction with Google Map ₂The concentration value level line.

Total system comprises two kinds of communication subsystems: car-mounted device communication system and main communication system.The car-mounted device communication system adopts 802.15.4 wireless communication protocol (ZigBee) to communicate.Wherein the 802.15.4 wireless communication protocol is supported the point to point network topological structure, in range of signal, need just can directly not communicate by other device forwards.The main communication system of car-mounted device and backstage control center adopts gsm communication system to communicate.The zone that we will monitor is the overall situation of some similar metropolitan areas, though the free communication system of similar Wi-Fi and so on is arranged, communication distance is generally shorter, can't satisfy the demand of our long-distance transmissions; Use gsm system simultaneously, the problem that package is lost in the more general wireless network environment can not take place, can effectively reduce the cost for the communication aspect.

Beneficial effect of the present invention mainly shows:

1, promotes the degree of accuracy of monitoring

MG811CO ₂Sensor, imported with original packaging is to CO ₂React very sensitive, and can adapt to 0～50 ℃ of temperature environment, it is little influenced by temperature and humidity, can effectively improve the degree of accuracy of monitoring.

2, promote the ageing of monitoring

The CO of environment on a large scale based on VSN ₂The concentration monitor system combines VANET and WSN, and adopts multiple wireless technology to realize omnidistance data transmission, makes the server very first time obtain CO ₂The exact value of concentration, thus complete CO made ₂The concentration level line guarantees result's accuracy and ageing to the full extent.

3, use manpower and material resources sparingly

The CO of environment on a large scale based on VSN ₂The concentration monitor system adopts mobile automobile as carrier, can adjust the monitored area according to indication, and send the manpower of a large amount of specialties to be monitored to each point without government, and required node device amount is few, can save the great amount of manpower and material resources expense.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is car-mounted device hardware structure synoptic diagram.

Fig. 2 is VSN car motion flow synoptic diagram.

Fig. 3 is Server system flow synoptic diagram.

Fig. 4 is that system adjusts return rate algorithm synoptic diagram.

Fig. 5 is initial message data structure synoptic diagram.

Fig. 6 is adjusting message data structure synoptic diagram.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.

With reference to accompanying drawing 1-6:

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

A kind of CO of environment on a large scale based on vehicle mounted sensor network ₂Concentration monitoring method comprises Vehicle Sensor perception CO ₂Concentration, GPS module position location, GSM module receives, the passback data, four parts of middle control Server deal with data, described method may further comprise the steps:

(1), zone to be measured is divided into several identical blocks, each block grid _{I, j}Expression, i wherein, j is the coordinate of block;

(2), the VSN car that will have car-mounted device sends in each block at random;

(3), each sensor is carried out sample frequency and return rate initialization setting;

(4), each VSN car arbitrarily walks about CO ₂Sensor is according to the CO of given sample frequency to environment ₂Gas carries out concentration sampling, and the gained concentration value of will sampling is sent to the node that has the Jennic chip in the car via radio receiving transmitting module;

(5), the current sample coordinate of the record of the GPS locating device in the car;

(6), have the node of Jennic chip with CO ₂Concentration value and positional information are integrated, and are uploaded to via the GSM note system and control Server in the rear;

(7), middle control Server record gained CO ₂Concentration value and positional information are drawn CO in conjunction with Google Map ₂The concentration value level line;

(8), middle control Server is according to the data quantity of collecting, and estimates out the VSN car quantity in each block, calculates the return rate that makes new advances, and sends to each VSN car with adjusting message by the GSM note system;

(9), repeat (1)～(8) step.

Further, the described CO of step (4) ₂Sensor is the MG811 voltage sensor, has advantages such as high sensitivity, good, the full temperature detection of thermal conductivity.

The method of the described adjustment return rate of step (8) can effectively reduce number of communications, saves communications cost, mainly may further comprise the steps:

(1), Server can by the data quantity of receiving, infer the automobile that has sensor possible in each block (VSN car) number (i, j represent the coordinate of grid) according to the data of collecting:

$V_{i,j}=\frac{\mathrm{Ms}{g}_{i,j}^n}{r_n}---\left(1\right)$

Wherein

Represent grid _{I, j}The summation of place's reported information, r _nIt is the return rate of n bout.

(2), select 1 the highest p of concentration in each block, and be reference point with p, find out CO ₂Concentration is minimum, and reaches nearest some D farthest apart from reference point _Far, D _NrCalculate p and D respectively _Far, D _NrApart from pD _Far, pD _Nr, find out the ratio C of these two line segments _{I, j}

$C_{i,j}=\frac{p{D}_{\mathrm{far}}}{p{D}_{\mathrm{nr}}}---\left(2\right)$

C wherein _{I, j}Explanation to a certain degree the distribution scenario of gas in the block.The C value is more big, and the gas concentration that represents in the zone distributes more inhomogeneous; Otherwise C can be near 1.

(3), we establish CO in the block ₂The concentration mxm. is G _H, minimum is G _L, make δ _{I, j}The diversity factor of representing gas concentration in the block:

${\mathrm{\δ}}_{i,j}=\frac{G_H}{G_L}---\left(3\right)$

(4), make λ _i, _jRepresent the significance level of each block in the monitored area, each block VSN car number of comprehensive (1)-(3), distribution of gas situation and CO ₂Parameters such as variable quantity, we obtain the significance level of each block:

${\mathrm{\λ}}_{i,j}=\mathrm{\α}\frac{1}{V_{i,j}}+\mathrm{\β}{C}_{i,j}+\mathrm{\γ}{\mathrm{\δ}}_{i,j}---\left(4\right)$

Wherein α, β, γ are all coefficient, according to the measured data adjustment.

(5), establishing the time interval is T, T is after the time for process, whether Server will begin to calculate the data quantity that the i wheel receives the threshold value of reaching, if find the data quantity deficiency, Server will calculate the return rate that makes new advances according to aforesaid way, and infers that with the i-1 wheel VSN car quantity that is distributed in the return rate of each car in this block.

With reference to Fig. 4, a kind of CO of environment on a large scale based on vehicle mounted sensor network ₂Concentration monitoring method, described method comprise control Server two parts in car-mounted device VSN car and the backstage.VSN car is responsible for the CO in the perception environment ₂Concentration and record position information; Server is responsible for handling the data of VSN car acquisition and draws out the concentration level line in conjunction with Google Map, simultaneously according to actual conditions, adjusts return rate.

With reference to Fig. 3, described Server part system flow step is divided into:

(1), sends initial message to all VSN car by the GSM note;

(2), obtain perception data and positional information from each VSN car;

(3), draw CO in conjunction with Google Map ₂The concentration level line calculates new return rate according to actual conditions simultaneously;

(4), utilize the return rate of each new VSN car that the GSM note system will calculate to be sent to each VSN car;

(5), repeating step (2)～(5).

With reference to Fig. 2, described each VSN car motion flow step is divided into:

(1), obtains return rate from Server;

(2), check whether it enters the described target area of message, if do not enter execution in step (5);

(3), VSN car checks own present residing block of cells, checks whether the return rate of this block has modification, if return rate is not revised execution in step (5);

(4), adjust return rate according to message;

(5), perception environmental data;

(6), whether then check reciprocation cycle, if the time do not arrive reciprocation cycle, get back to step (5);

(7), by the GSM note system data and the positional information that obtains is uploaded to Server;

(8), repeating step (1)～(7).

With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of CO of environment on a large scale based on vehicle mounted sensor network ₂Concentration monitoring method, described car-mounted device partly comprise three module: CO altogether ₂Sensor assembly, GPS module and gsm module.Described CO ₂Sensor assembly is the outer part of car, mainly is responsible for the CO in the perception environment ₂Concentration value; Described GPS module and gsm module are part in the car, and the GPS module is responsible for perceived position information, and gsm module is responsible for receiving and dispatching data.The outer device of described in-vehicle apparatus and car communicates by the 802.15.4 wireless communication protocol.Described CO ₂Sensor assembly, GPS module and gsm module are by the Jennic node control, and collected data are integrated by the Jennic node, communicate by letter with Server by the GSM note system then.

With reference to Fig. 5, a kind of CO of environment on a large scale based on vehicle mounted sensor network ₂Concentration monitoring method, described initial message data structure is divided into:

(1), Type, account for 1 character, be used for to distinguish the type of data;

(2), Upper left latitude﹠amp; Longitude accounts for 19 characters, is used for the latitude and longitude coordinates in the upper left corner of the affiliated piece of expression VSN car;

(3), Lower right latitude﹠amp; Longitude accounts for 19 characters, is used for the latitude and longitude coordinates in the lower right corner of the affiliated piece of expression VSN car;

(4), Division, account for 4 characters, be used for the piece number of each sub-piece of expression;

(5), Rate, account for 2 characters, be used for the initial return rate of the described sub-piece of expression.

Among the present invention, we are set at rectangle with the block of monitoring, indicate whole zone with two coordinates, i.e. the latitude and longitude coordinates in the upper left corner and the lower right corner; Further complete rectangular area is divided into the sub-block matrix of M x N, distinguishes each height piece with the Division field; The initial return rate of representing corresponding block with the Rate field.

With reference to Fig. 6, a kind of CO of environment on a large scale based on vehicle mounted sensor network ₂Concentration monitoring method, described adjusting message data structure is divided into:

(1), Type, account for 1 character, be used for to distinguish the type of data;

(2), Payload, account for 139 characters, be used for new return rate and corresponding block that expression Server calculates.

Claims (3)

1. CO of environment on a large scale based on vehicle mounted sensor network ₂Concentration monitoring method, described method may further comprise the steps:

(1), zone to be measured is divided into several identical blocks, each block grid _{I, j}Expression, i wherein, j is the coordinate of block;

(2), the VSN car that will have car-mounted device sends in each block at random;

(3), each sensor is carried out sample frequency and return rate initialization setting;

(4), each VSN car arbitrarily walks about CO ₂Sensor is according to the CO of given sample frequency to environment ₂Concentration is sampled, and the gained concentration value of will sampling is sent to the node that has the Jennic chip in the car via radio receiving transmitting module;

(5), the current sample coordinate of the record of the GPS module in the car;

(6), have the node of Jennic chip with CO ₂Concentration value and positional information are integrated, and are uploaded to via the GSM note system by GSM module and control Server in the rear;

(7), middle control Server record gained CO ₂Concentration value and positional information are drawn CO2 concentration value level line in conjunction with Google Map;

(8), middle control Server is according to the data quantity of collecting, and estimates out the VSN car quantity in each block, calculates the return rate that makes new advances, and sends to each VSN car with adjusting message;

(9), repeat (1)～(8) step.

2. the CO of environment on a large scale based on vehicle mounted sensor network as claimed in claim 1 ₂Concentration monitoring method is characterized in that: the described CO of step (4) ₂Sensor is the MG811 voltage sensor.

3. the CO of environment on a large scale based on vehicle mounted sensor network as claimed in claim 1 ₂Concentration monitoring method is characterized in that: the method for the described adjustment return rate of step (8), can effectively reduce number of communications, and save communications cost, mainly may further comprise the steps:

(1), Server can by the data quantity of receiving, infer the automobile that has sensor possible in each block (VSN car) number (i, j represent the coordinate of grid) according to the data of collecting:

$V_{i,j}=\frac{\mathrm{Ms}{g}_{i,j}^n}{r_n}---\left(1\right)$

Wherein

Represent grid _{I, j}The summation r of place's reported information _nIt is the return rate of n bout.

(2), select 1 the highest p of concentration in each block, and be reference point with p, find out CO in this block ₂Concentration is minimum, and reaches nearest some D farthest apart from reference point _Far, D _NrCalculate p and D respectively _Far, D _NrApart from pD _Far, pD _Nr, find out the ratio C of these two line segments _i, _j

$C_{i,j}=\frac{{\mathrm{pD}}_{\mathrm{far}}}{{\mathrm{pD}}_{\mathrm{nr}}}---\left(2\right)$

C wherein _{I, j}The distribution scenario of gas in the block has been described to a certain extent.The C value is more big, and the gas concentration in the expression block distributes more inhomogeneous; Otherwise C can be near 1.

(3), we establish CO in the block ₂The concentration mxm. is G _H, minimum is G _L, make δ _{I, j}The diversity factor of representing gas concentration in the block:

${\mathrm{\δ}}_{i,j}=\frac{G_H}{G_L}---\left(3\right)$

(4), make λ _{I, j}Represent the significance level of each block in the monitored area, each block VSN car number of comprehensive (1)-(3), distribution of gas situation and CO ₂Parameters such as variable quantity, we obtain the significance level of each block:

${\mathrm{\λ}}_{i,j}=\mathrm{\α}\frac{1}{V_{i,j}}+\mathrm{\β}{C}_{i,j}+\mathrm{\γ}{\mathrm{\δ}}_{i,j}---\left(4\right)$

Wherein α, β, γ are all coefficient, according to the measured data adjustment.

(5), establishing the time interval is T, T is after the time for process, whether Server will begin to calculate the data quantity that the i wheel receives the threshold value of reaching, if find the data quantity deficiency, Server will calculate the return rate that makes new advances according to aforesaid way, and infers that with the i-1 wheel VSN car quantity that is distributed in the return rate of each car in this block.

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