CN103275747B - Fuel-gas load distribution method of cracking furnace of ethylene device - Google Patents
Fuel-gas load distribution method of cracking furnace of ethylene device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103275747B CN103275747B CN201310190843.8A CN201310190843A CN103275747B CN 103275747 B CN103275747 B CN 103275747B CN 201310190843 A CN201310190843 A CN 201310190843A CN 103275747 B CN103275747 B CN 103275747B
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- fuel gas
- fuel
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- pressure
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel-gas load distribution method of a cracking furnace of an ethylene device. Fuel gas enters a hearth through a burner at the side wall and a burner at the bottom part; fuel-gas pipelines at the bottom and the side wall are provided with pressure transmitters and adjusting valves; an outlet pipeline of the cracking furnace is provided with a thermocouple; real-time detection values of the pressure transmitters and the thermocouple are transmitted to a DCS (Distributed Control System), are used as input values of a fuel-gas pressure controller and a furnace-outlet temperature controller, the opening degree of an outlet valve is adjusted by an outlet temperature controller of the cracking furnace and the fuel-gas pressure controller at the bottom, and the pressure of a fuel-gas valve at the bottom is measured by the transmitter, then is transmitted to the fuel-gas pressure controller at the bottom, and simultaneously is transmitted to a fuel-gas ratio calculator as an input process value; the pressure of a fuel gas valve at the side wall is measured by the pressure transmitter, and is also transmitted to the fuel-gas ratio calculator, the opening degree of a fuel-gas pressure adjusting valve is adjusted by the fuel-gas ratio controller and the fuel-gas pressure controller at the side wall; and the process is repeated to optimize the fuel-gas load distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Furnace of Ethylene Cracking Plant fuel gas load distribution method.
Background technology
Ethene is important industrial chemicals, and its output becomes the item key of a measurement country petrochemical complex development.The scale, cost, production stability, quality product etc. of ethylene production all can produce great effect to whole petroleum chemical industry, and therefore ethylene unit just becomes core production equipment related to the overall situation.
Pyrolyzer is the nucleus equipment of ethylene producing device, and whether its smooth operation not only affects quality product and the output of whole ethylene producing device, and will affect the quiet run of downstream production equipment.Cracking temperature is the key operating parameters of pyrolyzer.Because reaction zone temperature of charge not easily records, therefore using pyrolyzer heater outlet temperature as detect parameters, form temperature controlling system.Pyrolyzer temperature out Control platform, directly affects the yield of ethene of pyrolyzer, propene yield and butadiene yield.
In pyrolyzer cracking temperature control program, by the set(ting)value of pyrolyzer temperature out controller adjustment bottom fuel gas pressure controller.And sidewall fuel tolerance adopts sidewall fuel gas pressure unity loop control usually, to keep the stable of bottom fuel tolerance.Refer to pyrolyzer temperature controlling system figure.
Pyrolyzer cracking temperature Controlling System, in the actual moving process of petrochemical unit, adopts the set(ting)value of pyrolyzer temperature out controller adjustment bottom fuel gas controller, thus changes the lifting capacity of bottom fuel gas, control cracking temperature.The load of sidewall fuel gas is by sidewall fuel gas pressure controller unity loop control.This control mode can cause the ratio of bottom and sidewall fuel gas load to change, namely sidewall fuel gas load is relatively constant, and bottom fuel gas load can have a greater change along with the change of pyrolyzer temperature, technique is difficult to control, yield of ethene is uneven, unstable, has a strong impact on ethene economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve prior art Problems existing, provide a kind of Furnace of Ethylene Cracking Plant fuel gas load distribution method, by controlling the distribution of pyrolyzer sidewall and bottom fuel gas, optimizing pyrolyzer hearth combustion situation, stablizing pyrolyzer temperature out.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of Furnace of Ethylene Cracking Plant fuel gas load distribution method, and fuel gas enters burner hearth respectively by burner on sidewall, Bottom Nozzle Used, equal setting pressure transmitter and variable valve on bottom and sidewall fuelgas pipeline, pyrolyzer outlet line is equipped with thermopair, pressure unit and thermopair detected value reach DCS system in real time, as the real-time input process value of fuel gas pressure controller and pyrolyzer temperature out controller, when the set-point of pyrolyzer temperature out and pyrolyzer temperature out thermopair (are temperature detection table in figure, as follows) detected value generation deviation time, then through pyrolyzer temperature out controller, bottom fuel gas pressure controller, real-time adjustment bottom fuel gas control valve opening OP
2, fuel gas downstream pressure P bottom it
12after bottom fuel gas transmitter is measured, be sent to bottom fuel gas controller, reach again fuel gas ratio calculator as input process value, sidewall fuel gas downstream pressure P simultaneously
11also fuel gas ratio calculator is delivered to after sidewall fuel gas pressure transmitter measurement, when the ratio generation deviation that set-point and the fuel gas ratio calculator of fuel gas ratio calculate, then through fuel gas ratio controller, sidewall fuel gas pressure controller, regulate the aperture OP of sidewall fuel gas pressure regulator valve in real time
1, control bottom and sidewall fuel gas pressure regulator valve by above-mentioned Controlling System, realize the stability contorting of sidewall and bottom fuel gas throughput ratio, to optimize pyrolyzer hearth combustion situation, to stablize pyrolyzer temperature out, fuel gas ratio calculator is realized by the calculated with mathematical model sidewall of foundation and the throughput ratio of bottom fuel gas, and the mathematical model described in it is:
P-fuel gas manifold pressure in formula.
The present invention compared with prior art has outstanding substantive features and marked improvement and positively effect: by pyrolyzer fuel gas load distribution, realize automatically controlling sidewall and bottom fuel gas throughput ratio, make pyrolyzer cracking temperature fluctuation range less, 700000 tons of yield of ethene improve about more than 0.05%, annual wound effect about 5,000,000 yuan.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Controlling System figure of the present invention
.
Fig. 2 is that fuel gas stream of the present invention is through variable valve schematic diagram.
In figure, A
1for the area in cross section 1, P
1for the pressure in cross section 1, u
1for the flow velocity in cross section 1; A
2for the area in cross section 2, P
2for the pressure in cross section 2, u
2for the flow velocity in cross section 2; ε is energy-loss factor.
specific implementation method
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, also by embodiment, the present invention is further described.
See Fig. 1, a kind of Furnace of Ethylene Cracking Plant fuel gas load distribution method, fuel gas enters burner hearth respectively by burner on sidewall, Bottom Nozzle Used; Equal setting pressure transmitter and variable valve on bottom and sidewall fuelgas pipeline, pyrolyzer outlet line is equipped with thermopair, pressure unit and thermopair detected value reach DCS system in real time, as the real-time input process value of fuel gas pressure controller and pyrolyzer temperature out controller, when the set-point of pyrolyzer temperature out and pyrolyzer temperature out detect show detected value generation deviation time, then through pyrolyzer temperature out controller, bottom fuel gas pressure controller, regulate bottom fuel gas control valve opening OP in real time
2, fuel gas downstream pressure P bottom it
12after bottom fuel gas transmitter is measured, be sent to bottom fuel gas controller, reach again fuel gas ratio calculator as input process value, sidewall fuel gas downstream pressure P simultaneously
11also fuel gas ratio calculator is delivered to after sidewall fuel gas pressure transmitter measurement, when the ratio generation deviation that set-point and the fuel gas ratio calculator of fuel gas ratio calculate, then through fuel gas ratio controller, sidewall fuel gas pressure controller, regulate the aperture OP of sidewall fuel gas pressure regulator valve in real time
1, control bottom and sidewall fuel gas pressure regulator valve by above-mentioned Controlling System, realize the stability contorting of sidewall and bottom fuel gas throughput ratio, to optimize pyrolyzer hearth combustion situation, to stablize pyrolyzer temperature out; Fuel gas ratio calculator is realized by the calculated with mathematical model sidewall of foundation and the throughput ratio of bottom fuel gas, and the mathematical model described in it is:
P-fuel gas manifold pressure in formula.
Seeing Fig. 2, is below the derivation of above-mentioned mathematical model: fuel gas stream, through variable valve, according to the principle of conservation of energy of fluid flowing, sets up following equation:
（1）
In formula (1), the area A in cross section 1
1, pressure P
1, flow velocity u
1; The area A in cross section 2
2, pressure P
2, flow velocity u
2; ε is energy-loss factor.Formula (1) left side represents the total energy of fluid at cross section 1 place, and the Process Energy that fluid flows to cross section 2 by cross section 1 loses, and is on the right of above formula the 3rd.When cross section 1 and cross section 2 close together, tube friction is negligible, and the energy-loss factor ε in above-mentioned equation changes decision by caliber, and has:
（2）
In equation (2), A
1for the area in cross section 1, A
2for the area in cross section 2, had by mass conservation equation:
（3）
Simultaneous equations (1) and equation (3) obtain:
（4）
The volumetric flow rate of fluid is:
（5）
In formula (5), Q is the volumetric flow rate of fluid.
For a fixing pipeline, its diameter
immobilize.When
and valve opening is when being directly proportional to the circulation area of fluid, obtaining fuel gas by flow during variable valve is:
（6）
In formula (6), OP is valve opening.
If the flow of pyrolyzer sidewall and bottom fuel gas is respectively Q
1and Q
2, its ratio R is:
In equation (7), OP
1for sidewall fuel gas control valve opening, P is fuel gas manifold pressure, P
11for sidewall variable valve downstream pressure, ρ
1for sidewall fuel gas density; OP
2for bottom fuel gas control valve opening, P
12for bottom variable valve downstream pressure, ρ
2for bottom fuel gas density; .
Because sidewall is identical with the fuel gas of bottom, therefore
ρ 1 =ρ 2, above formula simplification obtains the fuel gas of sidewall and bottom than R:
According to above formula, gather the sidewall fuel gas pressure regulator valve aperture OP in DCS
1with downstream pressure P
11, bottom fuel gas pressure regulator valve aperture OP
2with downstream pressure P
12, sidewall and bottom fuel gas pressure regulator valve upstream pressure are fuel gas manifold pressure P, can calculate sidewall and bottom fuel gas throughput ratio, build ratio flow controller, can realize the load distribution of sidewall and bottom fuel gas, as shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, pressure P after fuel gas manifold pressure P in DCS, sidewall fuel gas pressure regulator valve is gathered
1with valve opening OP
1, pressure P after the fuel gas pressure regulator valve of bottom
2with valve opening OP
2, calculate sidewall and bottom fuel gas throughput ratio R is:
kfor regulation coefficient, be taken as 1.05; Random detection value is as follows:
P=330.9（kPa）；P
1=159.1（kPa）；P
2=176.6（kPa）；OP
1=41.68；OP
2=90.6。
Bring above formula into, calculate R=0.509.
In the DCS of ethylene unit, the fuel gas ratio controller in Fig. 1 is come into operation " automatically ", sidewall fuel gas pressure controller is thrown for " tandem "; Pyrolyzer temperature out controller is thrown as " automatically ", and bottom fuel gas pressure controller is thrown as " tandem ".When fluctuation occurs cracking temperature, pyrolyzer temperature out controller goes to regulate bottom fuel gas pressure controller, to overcome the fluctuation of cracking temperature; When bottom fuel gas pressure changes, the ratio of sidewall fuel gas flow can change, the change of fuel gas ratio controller by regulating sidewall fuel gas pressure controller to overcome ratio, to ensure the stable of sidewall and bottom fuel gas flow, optimize pyrolyzer hearth combustion situation, stablize pyrolyzer temperature out.
Be more than the preferred embodiment of invention, be not used for limiting scope.All equivalences done according to the content of the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, and all should be technology category of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a Furnace of Ethylene Cracking Plant fuel gas load distribution method, fuel gas enters burner hearth respectively by burner on sidewall, Bottom Nozzle Used; Equal setting pressure transmitter and variable valve on bottom and sidewall fuelgas pipeline, pyrolyzer outlet line is equipped with thermopair, pressure unit and thermopair detected value reach DCS system in real time, as the real-time input process value of fuel gas pressure controller and pyrolyzer temperature out controller, when set-point and the pyrolyzer temperature out thermopair detected value generation deviation of pyrolyzer temperature out, then through pyrolyzer temperature out controller, bottom fuel gas pressure controller, regulate bottom fuel gas control valve opening OP in real time
2, fuel gas downstream pressure P bottom it
12after bottom fuel gas transmitter is measured, be sent to bottom fuel gas pressure controller, reach again fuel gas ratio calculator as input process value, sidewall fuel gas downstream pressure P simultaneously
11also fuel gas ratio calculator is delivered to after sidewall fuel gas pressure transmitter measurement, when the ratio generation deviation that set-point and the fuel gas ratio calculator of fuel gas ratio calculate, then through fuel gas ratio controller, sidewall fuel gas pressure controller, regulate the aperture OP of sidewall fuel gas variable valve in real time
1, by controlling bottom and sidewall fuel gas variable valve, realize the stability contorting of sidewall and bottom fuel gas throughput ratio, to optimize pyrolyzer hearth combustion situation, to stablize pyrolyzer temperature out; Fuel gas ratio calculator is realized by the calculated with mathematical model sidewall of foundation and the throughput ratio of bottom fuel gas, and the mathematical model described in it is:
P-fuel gas manifold pressure in formula.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310190843.8A CN103275747B (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2013-05-22 | Fuel-gas load distribution method of cracking furnace of ethylene device |
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| CN201310190843.8A CN103275747B (en) | 2013-05-22 | 2013-05-22 | Fuel-gas load distribution method of cracking furnace of ethylene device |
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| CN103275747B true CN103275747B (en) | 2014-12-31 |
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| JPH1135947A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-02-09 | Weston:Kk | Thermal cracking furnace of ethylene with super high yield |
| CN1150300C (en) * | 2001-04-11 | 2004-05-19 | 中国石化集团扬子石油化工有限责任公司 | Intelligent control method of cracking furnace in ethylene preparing equipment |
| CN100334047C (en) * | 2005-04-13 | 2007-08-29 | 华东理工大学 | Intelligent method for controlling cracking severity of cracking furnace in ethylene equipment |
| DE102011110000A1 (en) * | 2011-08-11 | 2013-02-14 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the decomposition of hydrocarbons |
| CN102998013B (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2014-07-23 | 清华大学 | Soft sensing method for true temperature of pyrolysis mixed products at outlet of ethylene cracking furnace |
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