CN103269063B - A kind of superpotential system and method for transmission line malfunction removal of load that suppresses - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of superpotential system and method for transmission line malfunction removal of load that suppresses, and transmission line of electricity two ends are respectively equipped with high-voltage parallel reactance device; Transmission line of electricity one end is connected with power supply by line-breaker, and the other end is connected with user's side system by line-breaker; High-voltage parallel reactance device comprises three-phase reactor and neutral point small reactor; The present invention sets up secondary winding to three-phase reactor, three-phase secondary winding adopts delta connection to connect, and at neutral point small reactor two ends parallel connection by-pass switch, by-pass switch is connected with the relay protection system of transmission line of electricity by little reactance Bypass Control System; Little reactance Bypass Control System is opened and closure according to relay protection system order control by-pass switch. The present invention can, under relatively low high resistance compensativity, can be restricted to single-phase earthing removal of load power-frequency overvoltage in standard allowed band.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of power, be specifically related to a kind of suppress the superpotential system of transmission line malfunction removal of load andMethod, is particularly useful for ultra-high/extra-high voltage transmission line one-phase earth fault.
Background technology
For longer ultra-high/extra-high voltage transmission line of electricity, when in line fault removal of load situation, may occur at line endVoltage phenomenon, may cause that line flashover even causes apparatus insulated damage when serious, circuit installing high-voltage shunt reactorA kind of effectively overvoltage Limiting means. For effective over-voltage, need high resistance to there is enough capacity.
Illustrate with following example: first, second ultra-high voltage transformer station is connected by the transmission line of electricity of length 500km, and transformer station is shortThe about 15kA of road levels of current, substation operation voltage 1080kV, circuit is carried 5,000,000 kw of power. If do not adopt highAnti-, single-phase earthing removal of load power-frequency overvoltage can reach 1.75p.u.(1p.u.=635kV), far exceed GB excessively electric to power frequencyThe requirement (standard-required is that line-breaker bus bar side is no more than 1.3p.u., and line side is no more than 1.4p.u.) of pressing; If lineRoad first and last end is respectively installed 960Mvar high resistance, and high resistance compensativity (ratio of high resistance capacity and line charging power) approximately73%, under equal conditions, overvoltage can be restricted to 1.45p.u., and allowed band is still above standard; If circuit first and last end is eachInstalling 1200Mvar high resistance, high resistance compensativity approximately 92%, single-phase earthing removal of load power-frequency overvoltage can be restricted to1.37p.u., in standard allowed band.
The high resistance that adopts larger capacity, can reduce power-frequency overvoltage, but two shortcomings of the excessive existence of high resistance capacity: (1) lineThe corresponding increase of reactive requirement when road is heavily loaded; (2), in the time that high resistance compensativity approaches 100%, there is resonance risk.
In the time of long transmission line installing high resistance, the secondary arc current when limiting circuit single-phase fault, conventionally need to be in high resistance neutralityPoint installing little reactance over the ground, installs the zero sequence impedance that little reactance has been equivalent to increase high resistance, is unfavorable for high resistance performance restrictionThe superpotential effect of single-phase earthing removal of load.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of superpotential system of transmission line malfunction removal of load and side of suppressingMethod, makes under relatively low high resistance compensativity, and the standard that single-phase earthing removal of load power-frequency overvoltage can be restricted to permitsIn the scope of being permitted.
A kind of superpotential system of transmission line malfunction removal of load that suppresses provided by the invention, transmission line of electricity two ends are respectively equipped withHigh-voltage parallel reactance device; Transmission line of electricity one end is by line-breaker and power supply (comprising system built-in potential and equivalent impedance)Connect, the other end is connected with user's side system by line-breaker; Described high-voltage parallel reactance device comprises three-phase reactanceDevice and neutral point small reactor; Its improvements are, three-phase reactor is set up to secondary winding, and three-phase secondary winding is adoptedConnect by delta connection.
Wherein, described system comprises the by-pass switch K that is connected in parallel on described neutral point small reactor two endsN。
Wherein, described by-pass switch KNBe connected with the relay protection system of transmission line of electricity by little reactance Bypass Control System;Described little reactance Bypass Control System is according to by-pass switch K described in the relay protection system order control of circuitNOpen withClosed.
Wherein, the disconnect of connecting in three-phase secondary winding, for controlling the input of secondary winding and exiting.
The one that the present invention is based on another object provides suppresses the superpotential method of transmission line malfunction removal of load, and it improves itBe in, described method comprises the steps:
(1) the high-voltage parallel reactance device in transformation transmission line of electricity;
(2) according to the parameter of line construction configuration neutral point small reactor;
(3) little reactance Bypass Control System is according to the throwing of the order control neutral point small reactor of circuit relay protection systemEnter or exit.
Wherein, the high-voltage parallel reactance device in the described transformation transmission line of electricity of step (1) comprises:
Three-phase reactor is set up secondary winding, and three-phase secondary winding adopts delta connection to connect;
The by-pass switch K in parallel at neutral point small reactor two endsN。
Wherein, by-pass switch KNState be divided into:
By-pass switch KNIn closure state, in the time that secondary arc current appears in line current, little reactance Bypass Control is alwaysSystem is according to the order control by-pass switch K of circuit relay protection systemNOpen.
Wherein, the parameter of step (2) neutral point small reactor comprises the resistance value of neutral point small reactor, and its value is chosenAs follows:
When the normal operation of circuit and fault,
XSR1＝XS1+XM（3）；
In formula, XSR1For the forward-sequence reactance of high-voltage parallel reactance device; XSROFor by-pass switch KNHigh pressure under closure stateThe zero-sequence reactance of parallel reactance device; XS1、XS2Be respectively the leakage reactance of the former limit of three-phase reactor and secondary; XMFor excitationReactance; N is the former limit of three-phase reactor and secondary no-load voltage ratio;
After circuit single-phase fault is removed, before reclosing,
In formula, X'SR0For by-pass switch KNThe zero-sequence reactance of high-voltage parallel reactance device under open mode; X'NFor neutral pointThe resistance value of small reactor; XSR1、X'SR0Parameter meets the requirement of restriction secondary arc current.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention adopts and under relatively low high resistance compensativity, single-phase earthing removal of load power-frequency overvoltage is restricted to standard and permitsIn the scope of being permitted.
The principle of the invention is clear, simple in structure, although the high resistance with Secondary Winding of proposition is a kind of new equipment, and its knotStructure is a bit similar to transformer, therefore manufactures and designs difficulty little. And in singlephase earth fault process by the present inventionHigh resistance characteristic be conducive to reduce overvoltage level.
The present invention is not high to high resistance capacity requirement, is therefore more conducive to System Reactive Power compensation configuration. Because high resistance capacity can phaseTo lower, also avoid the high industrial frequency resonance problem that may bring during to line charging power of high resistance capacity.
The present invention is in normal operation and single-phase earthing removal of load process, and by-pass switch is in closure state, to reduce high resistanceInstall overall zero sequence impedance, be conducive to reduce single-phase earthing removal of load overvoltage level.
The present invention does not affect the function of high resistance device and little reactance performance restriction secondary arc current thereof.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the system schematic of having installed high resistance device.
Fig. 2 is the novel high resistance device that possesses single-phase removal of load Overvoltage suppressing function provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is under the common high resistance of employing provided by the invention, single-phase earthing removal of load over-voltage waveform figure.
Fig. 4 is under employing provided by the invention high resistance of the present invention, single-phase earthing removal of load over-voltage waveform figure.
Fig. 5 is under the common high resistance of employing provided by the invention, singlephase earth fault and reset procedure short circuit current and the power supply of divingStream waveform full figure.
Fig. 6 is under the common high resistance of employing provided by the invention, singlephase earth fault and reset procedure short circuit current and the power supply of divingThe longitudinal enlarged drawing of stream waveform.
Fig. 7 is under the novel high resistance of employing provided by the invention, singlephase earth fault and reset procedure short circuit current and the power supply of divingStream waveform full figure.
Fig. 8 is under the novel high resistance of employing provided by the invention, singlephase earth fault and reset procedure short circuit current and the power supply of divingThe longitudinal enlarged drawing of stream waveform.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The main thought of the present embodiment is:
Power-frequency overvoltage is mainly paid close attention to the removal of load of single-phase earthing three-phase and these two kinds of sights of no ground three-phase removal of load, affects workFrequently overvoltage mainly contains following several factor: the capacity effect of (1) idle load long line and the impact of system impedance; (2) lineRoad removal of load effect; (3) asymmetrical effect of line single phase grounding failure.
Unsymmetrical short-circuit is the modal fault mode of transmission line of electricity, and the zero-sequence component of short circuit current can make the sound work that occurs mutuallyFrequently voltage raises, and is often called asymmetrical effect. Asymmetry short circuit fault in system, the most common with singlephase earth fault,When tripping operation removal of load in one end after line single phase grounding failure, asymmetrical effect may increase power-frequency overvoltage level.
Taking Fig. 1 as example. Transmission line of electricity one end (comprises system built-in potential and equivalent impedance Z by line-breaker and power supplyq）Connect, the other end is connected with user's side system by line-breaker; There is mutually singlephase earth fault and get rid of negative in the A in system that sets up departmentsLotus, its boundary condition isAdopt symmetrical component method, can draw order electric current and perfect phase voltage,As formula (1).
In formula,、、Be respectively three phase-to-ground voltages;、、Be respectively three-phase current;、、Be respectively forward-order current, negative-sequence current and zero-sequence current; Z1、Z2、Z0Be respectively positive sequence impedance, negative sequence impedance andZero sequence impedance,For A phase power supply equivalent potential, and
With K(1)Represent to perfect the degree that phase voltage raises after singlephase earth fault, above formula can be reduced to:ItsIn For compared with the system Z of large power supply capacity1≈Z2, ignore each orderResistive component in impedance, can be reduced to:
From above formula, this class power-frequency overvoltage and single-phase earthing point are to the X of mains side0/X1(zero-sequence reactance/forward-sequence reactance)There are much relations, X0/X1Increase will make singlephase earth fault removal of load overvoltage have increase tendency. X0With X1Be subject to followingFactor impact: the one, the positive Zero sequence parameter of circuit; Another kind of is the positive Zero sequence parameter of the equipment such as transformer and parallel reactance.
High-voltage parallel reactance device has all been installed at long line two ends conventionally. If high-voltage shunt reactor neutral point is ground connection directly,X0/X1=1, but in order to limit secondary arc current, neutral point need to be installed little reactance conventionally, will make X0Increase.
The system schematic of having installed high-voltage parallel reactance device (in figure shown in empty frame) as shown in Figure 1. For example, for certain allusion quotationHigh resistance (the X that a pool-size is 960Mvar is respectively installed at the 500km extra high voltage line of type, two endsL), its neutrality decoratesIf the little reactance (X of the neutral point of 436 ΩN), one group of high resistance and the little reactance forward-sequence reactance of neutral point are 1260 Ω, zero sequenceReactance is the ratio 2.0 of 2568 Ω, zero-sequence reactance/forward-sequence reactance.
By design, the present embodiment adopts special high resistance and the little reactance device of neutral point, to reduce the zero-sequence reactance of high resistance,And then reduce the total X of mains side0/X1. Still taking 960Mvar high resistance as example, if zero-sequence reactance is reduced to 420 Ω,The ratio of zero-sequence reactance/forward-sequence reactance is reduced to 1/3, is conducive to limit single-phase earthing removal of load overvoltage; Treat single-phase earthingAfter fault clearance, zero-sequence reactance is adjusted to 2568 Ω, to meet the requirement of diving and Gong extinguishing. Concrete,
The one that the present embodiment proposes suppresses the superpotential system of ultra-high/extra-high voltage transmission line one-phase earth fault removal of load,On the basis of system shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 2, a new high-voltage parallel reactance device is proposed, mainly to existingHigh-voltage parallel reactance device improves, and increases secondary winding at the two ends of three-phase reactor, and three-phase secondary winding adoptsDelta connection connects, and at neutral point small reactor two ends parallel connection by-pass switch KN, by-pass switch KNBy littleReactor Bypass Control System is connected with the relay protection system of transmission line of electricity; Small reactor Bypass Control System adopts to be processedDevice is realized, and it is according to by-pass switch K described in the control of circuit relay protection system commandNOpen and closure.
Preferably, the impact for fear of high resistance secondary winding on secondary arc current limitation function, also can take in triangular configurationCircuit high resistance secondary winding in the connect way of disconnect, in the time of the removal of load of circuit single-phase earthing, disconnect is in closingClose state, after singlephase earth fault is removed, disconnect is opened.
Corresponding, the present embodiment proposes a kind of superpotential side of ultra-high/extra-high voltage transmission line one-phase earth fault removal of load that suppressesMethod, described method comprises the steps:
(1) the high-voltage parallel reactance device in transformation transmission line of electricity: comprise,
Three-phase reactor is set up secondary winding, and three-phase secondary winding adopts delta connection to connect;
The by-pass switch K in parallel at neutral point small reactor two endsN。
Wherein, by-pass switch KNState be divided into:
By-pass switch KNAlways in closure state, in the time there is secondary arc current in line current, relay protection system controlBy-pass switch is opened, and plays the effect of restriction secondary arc current.
(2) according to line construction configuration neutral point small reactor II parameter, comprise its resistance value:
The little reactance of described neutral point refers to that its reactance is less than the arbitrary phase reactance in three-phase reactor, its reactance value specific algorithmAs follows:
When the normal operation of circuit and fault,
XSR1＝XS1+XM（3）；
XSR0＝XS1+XM//N2XS2,
In formula, XSR1For the forward-sequence reactance of high-voltage shunt reactor; XSROFor the zero-sequence reactance of high-voltage shunt reactor;XS1、XS2Be respectively the leakage reactance of the former limit of high-voltage shunt reactor and secondary; XMFor excitation reactance; N is high-voltage parallelThe former limit of reactor, secondary no-load voltage ratio;
After circuit single-phase fault is removed, before reclosing time,
In formula, X'SR0For the zero-sequence reactance of upgrading; X'NFor the resistance value of the reactor II after paralleling switch.
The effect of the present embodiment taking following example as its over-voltage of explanation: first, second ultra-high voltage transformer station passes through lengthThe transmission line of electricity of 500km is connected, the about 15kA of transformer station's short circuit current level, substation operation voltage 1080kV, circuitCarry 5,000,000 kw of power. If circuit first and last end is respectively installed the common high resistance of 960Mvar, high resistance compensativity (hold by high resistanceThe ratio of amount and line charging power) approximately 73%, according to the requirement of restriction secondary arc current, need to install resistance value and be about 436 ΩThe little reactance of neutral point, calculate show that single-phase earthing removal of load power-frequency overvoltage reaches 1.45p.u., permission model is still above standardEnclose. If adopt new equipment of the present invention, its capacity is still 960Mvar, might as well establish primary leakage reactance XS1=0.2p.u., secondary leakAnti-XS2=0.15p.u., excitation reactance is XM=0.8p.u.. According to formula (3), (4), can calculate X1=1p.u.、X0=0.33p.u.. Adopt after said apparatus, calculate and show that single-phase earthing removal of load power-frequency overvoltage is 1.22p.u., significantlyLower than criteria limit value (1.4p.u.). Adopt under common high resistance and novel high resistance single-phase earthing removal of load over-voltage waveform ratioMore as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. In figure, there is list wink fault, 100ms moment receiving end three-phase in 50ms moment circuit receiving end, there is overvoltage at healthy phases in switch separating brake, Fig. 3 adopts healthy phases voltage waveform under the condition of common high resistance,In over-voltage waveform, power frequency component is 1.45p.u., and Fig. 4 adopts under the condition of novel high resistance, power frequency in over-voltage waveformComponent is 1.22p.u., is significantly less than Fig. 3.
(3) the little reactance Bypass Control System of neutral point is according to the order control by-pass switch K of circuit relay protection systemNOpen or closure, realize the input of reactor II or exit.
By-pass switch K of the present inventionNThe Main Function of performance is: in normal operation and single-phase earthing removal of load process,By-pass switch is in closure state, to reduce the zero sequence impedance of high resistance entirety; In circuit relay protection system command fault phaseBreaker open operation, knows after singlephase earth fault, and the order of the little reactance Bypass Control System of neutral point is by by-pass switch KNBeatOpen, the little reactance string of neutral point, in circuit, is conducive to extinguishing of secondary arc current thereby increase zero sequence impedance, when circuit relayAfter protection system command fault phase breaker reclosing, the single-phase successful reclosing of circuit, the little reactance Bypass Control System of neutral pointOrder by-pass switch KNClosure, enters normal operating condition. By-pass switch KNDeciliter by the little reactance bypass of neutral pointControl system control.
The present embodiment, for the explanation of another example, adopts common high resistance and adopts under novel high resistance, single-phase wink fault secondary arc currentOscillogram more as shown in Figure 5-Figure 8. In figure, there is list wink fault, 100ms time line in 50ms moment circuit receiving endTwo ends, road fault phase switch separating brake, Fig. 5-Fig. 8 is current in the fault point waveform, opens at fault generation (50ms) to fault phaseThe electric current closing between the separating brake moment (100ms) is short circuit current, the still electric current of survival of trouble point after fault phase switch separating brakeFor secondary arc current. Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 adopt under the condition of common high resistance, after the 300ms moment, (are fault phase switchAfter separating brake 200ms), secondary arc current decays to the stable state that virtual value is about 37A, and so little secondary arc current relatively holdsEasily extinguish, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 adopt under the condition of novel high resistance, suppose the little reactance by-pass switch of 200ms moment neutral pointSeparating brake, before by-pass switch separating brake, secondary arc current amplitude is larger, and after by-pass switch separating brake, secondary arc current is decayed rapidly, to 300msAbout the moment, secondary arc current also can decay to the stable state that virtual value is about 37A, thereby the not shadow of high resistance device of this new constructionRing extinguishing of the confession of diving.
The present embodiment, is conducive to reduce power-frequency overvoltage if only increase the circuit high resistance secondary winding of triangular configuration, but only adoptsDo not adjust little reactance configurations with this measure, on the one hand its to reduce superpotential effect limited, can affecting on the other hand dives suppliesCurrent limit function.
If the way that only adopts the little reactance of neutral point to increase by-pass switch in parallel be also conducive to reduce power-frequency overvoltage and don'tAffect secondary arc current limitation function, but high resistance secondary winding and little reactance paralleling switch that its effect proposes not as this programmeCombination measure effect is large.
Although the example in the present embodiment is mainly single back line, the method that the present invention proposes is not only applicable to single loop lineRoad, is also applicable to common-tower double-return circuit.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, althoughWith reference to above-described embodiment, the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: stillCan modify or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and not depart from appointing of spirit and scope of the inventionWhat is revised or is equal to replacement, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. suppress the superpotential system of transmission line malfunction removal of load, transmission line of electricity two ends are respectively equipped with high-voltage parallel reactance dressPut; Transmission line of electricity one end is connected with power supply by line-breaker, and the other end is connected with user's side system by line-breaker;Described high-voltage parallel reactance device comprises three-phase reactor and neutral point small reactor; It is characterized in that, three-phase reactor is set upSecondary winding, three-phase secondary winding adopts delta connection to connect;
Described system comprises the by-pass switch K that is connected in parallel on described neutral point small reactor two endsN；
Described by-pass switch KNBe connected with the relay protection system of transmission line of electricity by little reactance Bypass Control System; Described little reactanceBypass Control System is according to by-pass switch K described in the relay protection system order control of circuitNOpen and closure.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the disconnect of connecting in three-phase secondary winding, for controlling pairThe input of limit winding with exit.
3. suppress the superpotential method of transmission line malfunction removal of load, it is characterized in that, described method comprises the steps:
(1) the high-voltage parallel reactance device in transformation transmission line of electricity;
High-voltage parallel reactance device in described transformation transmission line of electricity comprises:
Three-phase reactor is set up secondary winding, and three-phase secondary winding adopts delta connection to connect;
The by-pass switch K in parallel at neutral point small reactor two endsN；
Described by-pass switch KNState be divided into:
By-pass switch KNAlways in closure state, in the time there is secondary arc current in line current, little reactance Bypass Control System basisThe order control by-pass switch K of circuit relay protection systemNOpen;
(2) according to the parameter of line construction configuration neutral point small reactor;
(3) little reactance Bypass Control System is according to the input of the order control neutral point small reactor of circuit relay protection system or move backGo out.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the parameter of step (2) neutral point small reactor comprises neutralityThe resistance value of some small reactor, its value is chosen as follows:
When the normal operation of circuit and fault,
XSR1＝XS1+XM(3)；
In formula, XSR1For the forward-sequence reactance of high-voltage parallel reactance device; XSROFor by-pass switch KNHigh-voltage parallel under closure stateThe zero-sequence reactance of reactance device; XS1、XS2Be respectively the leakage reactance of the former limit of three-phase reactor and secondary; XMFor excitation reactance; NFor the former limit of three-phase reactor and secondary no-load voltage ratio;
After circuit single-phase fault is removed, before reclosing,
In formula, X'SR0For by-pass switch KNThe zero-sequence reactance of high-voltage parallel reactance device under open mode; X'NFor the little electricity of neutral pointThe resistance value of anti-device; XSR1、X'SR0Parameter meets the requirement of restriction secondary arc current.
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| CN104701833A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-10 | 河南行知专利服务有限公司 | Ultrahigh-voltage power distribution power-frequency overvoltage suppression method |
| CN107068365A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-08-18 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of method of built-in transformer current-limiting apparatus and limiting transformer short circuit |
| CN112310974B (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2022-07-22 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | Neutral point small reactance value-taking method of magnetic control type controllable reactor |
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