CN103267572A - Non-hadamard-transformation near infrared spectrograph based on digital mirror device (DMD) - Google Patents
Non-hadamard-transformation near infrared spectrograph based on digital mirror device (DMD) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-hadamard-transformation near infrared spectrograph based on a digital mirror device (DMD), and belongs to the field of spectral measurement and analysis. The spectrograph splits light beams by a grating; the DMD is used for gating the spectral wavelength; a single-point photoelectric detector is used for acquiring spectral signals; an alternating current coupling circuit is used for acquiring detector signals; the DMD is used for modulating the spectral signals; and a phase-lock amplification circuit is used for processing the modulated signals. The non-hadamard-transformation near infrared spectrograph has the beneficial effects of higher spectral resolution and higher signal-to-noise ratio.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the spectral measurement analysis technical field, be specifically related to a kind of non-Hadamard transform near infrared spectrometer based on DMD.
Background technology
Near infrared spectrometer is divided into traditional optics sub-ray spectrometer, Fourier's numeral transform spectrometer and acoustooptic modulation formula spectrometer, and wherein the optics sub-ray spectrometer comprises two kinds of optical filtering light splitting, grating beam splittings.In the grating spectrograph, detector can use two kinds of single-point detector and detector arrays.
In the optics sub-ray spectrometer, use the spectrometer of single-point detector need use motor to switch optical filtering with the gating different wave length, perhaps use index glass to realize the scanning of spectrum on detector.And array detection can not have index glass, does not need to carry out spectral scan.But the price of detector array, particularly near infrared detector is very expensive.Along with the development of technology, new MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS) device has appearred, and Digital Micromirror Device wherein (DMD) has been used in the spectral instrument very soon, and its appearance makes sub-ray spectrometer can adopt the single-point detector and does not have moving component.
At present, the DMD spectrometer has appearred on the market, enjoy the spectrometer based on Hadamard transform of instrument and equipment company limited again as Shanghai, in scientific research institution and colleges and universities, also the spectrometer based on DMD is studied, as University Of Chongqing the microminiature near infrared spectrum instrument system based on DMD is studied.Investigation and retrieval find, is that the method that Hadamard changes is handled spectral signal to what mainly adopt based on the research of the spectrometer of DMD and Related product at present.The method of Hadamard transform can improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), but its decode procedure more complicated, and particularly for requiring the higher occasion of resolution, hadamard matrix is more complicated.
Summary of the invention
There is algorithm complicated technology problem in order to solve existing Hadamard transform DMD spectrometer, the invention provides a kind of non-Hadamard transform near infrared light grating spectrograph based on DMD, it still uses the light of the different wave length of DMD to select and modulate, and use phase-locked amplifying circuit to come demodulation, the signal that obtains after the collection directly is spectral information, do not need a large amount of computation process, improved the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of signal.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is taked is as follows:
Non-Hadamard transform near infrared spectrometer based on DMD comprises: DMD, plus lens group, photodetector, ac-coupled circuit, phase-locked amplifying circuit, low-pass filter circuit, AD Acquisition Circuit, FPGA, DMD controller, usb circuit, light source, slit, collimating mirror, grating and imaging len; Ac-coupled circuit is connected with photodetector, phase-locked amplifying circuit is connected with ac-coupled circuit, low-pass filter circuit is connected with phase-locked amplifying circuit, the AD Acquisition Circuit is connected with low-pass filter circuit, FPGA is connected with phase-locked amplifying circuit, low-pass filter circuit, AD Acquisition Circuit, DMD controller, usb circuit respectively, and the DMD controller is connected with DMD; The light of light source is by behind the slit, and collimated mirror collimation again by grating beam splitting, is from left to right arranged on DMD continuously then through the picture of imaging len at the slit of DMD formation different wave length, and according to the wavelength order; DMD is to different wavelength gating and modulation, converges on the photodetector after making single wavelength light through the plus lens group; FPGA does the switching in equal time cycle by DMD controller control DMD between two width of cloth images, simultaneously FPGA sends to the square-wave signal of a twice of phase-locked amplifying circuit cycle length and gives phase-locked amplifying circuit, and the positive period of square wave corresponding stripe pattern signal, the corresponding blank image signal of the negative cycle of square wave, and do not have phase differential; In the process of fixed cycle flicker, photodetector is converted to current signal with the light signal that receives at DMD; Ac-coupled circuit is converted into voltage signal with current signal, and the alternating component of voltage signal is transferred to phase-locked amplifying circuit; Phase-locked amplifying circuit is done product according to the phase reference signal that FPGA provides with AC signal and phase reference signal, after the output signal process low-pass filter circuit filtering that obtains, obtain and the proportional direct current signal of the amplitude of original AC signal, the AD Acquisition Circuit is gathered filtered signal, obtains the spectral signal amplitude of single wavelength.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: use the optical wavelength of DMD to carry out gating, removed the index glass of traditional raster spectrometer; Adopt DMD to carry out the light signal modulation, adopt lock-in amplifier to cooperate FPGA to carry out demodulation, calculating process obtains simplifying, and can obtain very high signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the light channel structure synoptic diagram that the present invention is based on the non-Hadamard transform near infrared spectrometer of DMD.
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram that the present invention is based on the non-Hadamard transform near infrared spectrometer of DMD.
Fig. 3 is the ac-coupled circuit figure among the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the phase-locked amplification circuit diagram based on AD630 among the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the sequential chart that the FPGA among the present invention controls each module.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the non-Hadamard transform near infrared spectrometer that the present invention is based on DMD comprises: DMD 1, plus lens group 2, photodetector 3, ac-coupled circuit 4, phase-locked amplifying circuit 5, low-pass filter circuit 6, AD Acquisition Circuit 7, FPGA 8, DMD controller 9, usb circuit 10, light source 11, slit 12, collimating mirror 13, grating 14 and imaging len 15; Ac-coupled circuit 4 is connected with photodetector 3, phase-locked amplifying circuit 5 is connected with ac-coupled circuit 4, low-pass filter circuit 6 is connected with phase-locked amplifying circuit 5, AD Acquisition Circuit 7 is connected with low-pass filter circuit 6, FPGA8 is connected with phase-locked amplifying circuit 5, low-pass filter circuit 6, AD Acquisition Circuit 7, DMD controller 9, usb circuit 10 respectively, and DMD controller 9 is connected with DMD 1.
The light of light source 11 is by behind the slit 12, and collimated mirror 13 collimations again by grating 14 light splitting, are from left to right arranged on DMD 1 continuously then through the picture of imaging len 15 at the slit of DMD 1 formation different wave length, and according to the wavelength order; 1 pair of different wavelength gating and modulation of DMD converges on the photodetector 3 after making single wavelength light through plus lens group 2, and by photodetector 3 light signal that receives is converted to electric signal.Electric signal is extracted amplification through after the ac-coupled circuit 4 by phase-locked amplifying circuit 5, carries out filtering through low-pass filter circuit 6 again.Afterwards, use AD Acquisition Circuit 7 to handle filtered signal, obtain the spectral signal amplitude of single wavelength.
The gatherer process of spectrum is by FPGA 8 controls, processing and the gatherer process of the spectral band respective signal of each minimum resolution are as follows: FPGA8 controls DMD 1 by DMD controller 9 and do the switching that the equal time cycle is T between two width of cloth image, one width of cloth single stripe image, a width of cloth blank image; Simultaneously to send to phase-locked amplifying circuit 5 one-periods be the square-wave signal of 2T to FPGA 8, and the positive period of square wave corresponding single stripe picture signal, the corresponding blank image signal of the negative cycle of square wave, and do not have phase differential; In the process of DMD 1 in fixed cycle flicker, light signal is converted into current signal by photodetector 3, current signal is converted into voltage signal through ac-coupled circuit 4, and the alternating component of this voltage signal arrives the phase-locked amplifying circuit 5 of next stage by circuit transmission.Phase-locked amplifying circuit 5 is done product according to the phase reference signal that FPGA 8 provides with AC signal and phase reference signal, after output signal process low-pass filter circuit 6 filtering that obtain, obtain being gathered by AD Acquisition Circuit 7 with the proportional direct current signal of the amplitude of original AC signal.The signal of each minimum resolution wave band by acquisition process after, the spectral signal amplitude of the single wavelength that obtains all is stored among the FPGA 8, is transferred to host computer by usb circuit 10 at last, reads and analyze spectroscopic data by host computer.
The spectrometer light channel structure of Fig. 1 has guaranteed the light of near-infrared band is carried out light splitting, and displays the picture of slit 12 on DMD 1 according to the wavelength order; The resolution of DMD 1 has determined the spectrum minimum resolution.As the DMD 1 of 1024 * 768 resolution, corresponding spectral resolution is 1024 to the maximum, if wavelength band is 1000nm～1600nm, the spectrum minimum resolution is 0.586nm so.The near infrared value of quoting of the very little correspondence of resolution is little.The DMD of corresponding 1024 * 768 resolution can reduce the amplitude that resolution can increase signal like this using 2 row or corresponding spectrum of multiple row pixel more, improves signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).
The spectrometer circuit structure diagram of Fig. 2 has shown step and the method that spectral signal obtains.Compare with existing sub-ray spectrometer, the spectrometer that the present invention is based on DMD does not have index glass, selects and be to use DMD to carry out wavelength.When measuring the spectral value of a certain wavelength, only need the micro mirror array upset of this spectrum correspondence, namely show a width of cloth single stripe pattern, it is measured to make the light of the wave band that has only this striped correspondence enter photodetector.And the DMD controller of DMD special use is used in the control of micro mirror array, as 0.7 ＂ XGA external member of Texas Instruments, can realize the accurate control of micro mirror array.
The present invention not only uses DMD to carry out the selection of spectral wavelength, also uses DMD that the light of this wavelength is modulated.The method of modulation is: make pattern that DMD shows do the cycle of grade at blank pattern and candy strip and switch, the feasible light that is strobed presents etc. the switching that has or not in cycle at photodetector.
Photodetector can be regarded constant current source as, when invariable illumination, can obtain the electric current of constant size; When not having illumination, current value is dark current, is approximately 0; After this was modulated through DMD, each section spectrum can obtain square wave current on photodetector.
As shown in Figure 3, produce pressure drop in resistance R 3 during square wave current process resistance R 3, obtain the square-wave voltage value in the upper end of resistance R 3.The mean value of this square-wave voltage is not 0, through behind the sampling capacitance C2, connects a resistance R 4 again to ground, can be so that the flip-flop of electric current be 0, and remaining alternating component only such as namely obtains at the square-wave voltage of amplitude size, and then the mean value that changes square-wave voltage is 0.The present invention uses the detector ac-coupled circuit only to be captured in the AC signal that obtains in the handoff procedure.This circuit makes photodetector 3 be in the state with bias voltage, and is converted into voltage signal by the electric current that resistance will flow through photodetector 3.Use sampling capacitance to gather this voltage signal, its flip-flop is 0, and alternating component enters the elementary amplifying circuit of back.
Through after the elementary amplification, use 5 pairs of signals of phase-locked amplifying circuit to carry out secondary and amplify.Fig. 4 is based on the lock-in amplifier of AD630, and its input signal comprises input signal to be demodulated and phase reference signal, and output signal is the product of two input signals of amplification.Low-pass filter circuit 6 through follow-up can obtain and the proportional direct current signal of the amplitude of original AC signal.By the time AD Acquisition Circuit 7 can obtain concrete spectrum amplitude after the signal stabilization.
The phase reference signal that lock-in amplifier needs is provided by FPGA 8.FPGA 8 gives sequential relationship that the phase signal of lock-in amplifier, DMD that FPGA 8 sends to DMD controller 9 begin to show the pulse information of new image data and the synchronizing signal that DMD controller 9 feeds back to FPGA 8 as shown in Figure 5.Wherein, A is FPGA begins to show pulse from new image data to the DMD of DMD controller transmission; B is the synchronizing signal that the DMD controller feeds back to FPGA, and expression DMD image stabilization shows; C is the phase reference signal that FPGA sends to lock-in amplifier.The DMD image switches once between stripe pattern and blank image, phase reference signal experience one-period.B aligns respectively with C rising edge and negative edge, no phase differential.
In the gatherer process of each spectral value, the DMD image is in the time constant that the time that keeps switching state to experience between single stripe image and the blank image is greater than low-pass filter circuit 6, could obtain stable output valve like this behind low-pass filter circuit 6.
Whole spectra collection process is the set of each spectral value gatherer process.In order to make the lasting time of whole process the shortest, the process time that each spectral value is gathered is the shortest, and this just requires the time constant of low-pass filter circuit 6 as far as possible little, therefore requires the modulating frequency of DMD modulated spectrum more high more good.
Claims (2)
1. based on the non-Hadamard transform near infrared spectrometer of DMD, it is characterized in that this spectrometer comprises DMD(1), plus lens group (2), photodetector (3), ac-coupled circuit (4), phase-locked amplifying circuit (5), low-pass filter circuit (6), AD Acquisition Circuit (7), FPGA(8), DMD controller (9), usb circuit (10), light source (11), slit (12), collimating mirror (13), grating (14) and imaging len (15); Ac-coupled circuit (4) is connected with photodetector (3), phase-locked amplifying circuit (5) is connected with ac-coupled circuit (4), low-pass filter circuit (6) is connected with phase-locked amplifying circuit (5), AD Acquisition Circuit (7) is connected with low-pass filter circuit (6), FPGA(8) be connected DMD controller (9) and DMD(1 with phase-locked amplifying circuit (5), low-pass filter circuit (6), AD Acquisition Circuit (7), DMD controller (9), usb circuit (10) respectively) be connected;
The light of light source (11) is by behind the slit (12), collimated mirror (13) collimation, by grating (14) light splitting, pass through imaging len (15) then at DMD(1 again) form the picture of the slit of different wave length, and according to the wavelength order at DMD(1) on from left to right arrange continuously; DMD(1) to different wavelength gating and modulation, converge on the photodetector (3) after making single wavelength light through plus lens group (2);
FPGA(8) by DMD controller (9) control DMD(1) between two width of cloth images, do the switching in equal time cycle, FPGA(8 simultaneously) square-wave signal that sends to (5) twices of phase-locked amplifying circuit cycle length is given phase-locked amplifying circuit, and the positive period of square wave corresponding stripe pattern signal, the corresponding blank image signal of the negative cycle of square wave, and do not have phase differential; At DMD(1) in the process of fixed cycle flicker, photodetector (3) is converted to current signal with the light signal that receives; Ac-coupled circuit (4) is converted into voltage signal with current signal, and the alternating component of voltage signal is transferred to phase-locked amplifying circuit (5); Phase-locked amplifying circuit (5) is according to FPGA(8) phase reference signal that provides does product with AC signal and phase reference signal, after output signal process low-pass filter circuit (6) filtering that obtains, obtain and the proportional direct current signal of the amplitude of original AC signal, AD Acquisition Circuit (7) is gathered filtered signal, obtains the spectral signal amplitude of single wavelength.
2. the non-Hadamard transform near infrared spectrometer based on DMD as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that DMD(1) image of Xian Shiing keeps time that switching state experiences greater than the time constant of low-pass filter circuit (6) between single stripe image and blank image.
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| CN103925994A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-07-16 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Electricity structure for improving DMD Hadamard transformation spectrograph coding efficiency |
| CN103969693A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Photoelectric detection imaging system and method |
| CN104006882A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-27 | 南京理工大学 | Spatial modulation Hadamard transform spectrograph based on DMD and spectrum rebuilding method |
| CN104931139A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-23 | 中山大学 | Chopper monochromator and quantum effect detector |
| CN106932094A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 宏明科技有限公司 | Use the spectrum image analysis system of digital micromirror device |
| CN111780871A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2020-10-16 | 清华大学 | Optical device |
| CN114199379A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-18 | 深圳思凯测试技术有限公司 | Novel spectrometer and light intensity detection method based on DLP technology |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103925994A (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-07-16 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Electricity structure for improving DMD Hadamard transformation spectrograph coding efficiency |
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| CN103969693A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Photoelectric detection imaging system and method |
| CN104006882A (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2014-08-27 | 南京理工大学 | Spatial modulation Hadamard transform spectrograph based on DMD and spectrum rebuilding method |
| CN104931139A (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2015-09-23 | 中山大学 | Chopper monochromator and quantum effect detector |
| CN106932094A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 宏明科技有限公司 | Use the spectrum image analysis system of digital micromirror device |
| CN111780871A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2020-10-16 | 清华大学 | Optical device |
| CN111780871B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2021-10-22 | 清华大学 | Optical device |
| CN114199379A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-18 | 深圳思凯测试技术有限公司 | Novel spectrometer and light intensity detection method based on DLP technology |
| CN114199379B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-11-17 | 深圳思凯测试技术有限公司 | Spectrometer and light intensity detection method based on DLP technology |
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