CN103265957B - 适于喷播绿化的耐冲蚀基质 - Google Patents

适于喷播绿化的耐冲蚀基质 Download PDF

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CN103265957B
CN103265957B CN201310158046.1A CN201310158046A CN103265957B CN 103265957 B CN103265957 B CN 103265957B CN 201310158046 A CN201310158046 A CN 201310158046A CN 103265957 B CN103265957 B CN 103265957B
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CN103265957A (zh
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李春林
祁传磊
邓霞
孙玉猛
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QINGDAO GUANZHONG ECOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
Qingdao Pingdu Guanzhong New Material Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种适于喷播绿化的耐冲蚀基质,该基质由A和B在一定条件下有效复混而制,厚度为1cm~3cm。组分A为水,组分B由高液限土、花生壳、粘合剂、保水剂、调节剂组成。组分A和组分B的质量比为1:3,组分B按质量100%计,高液限土50%~60%;花生壳25%~35%;粘合剂10%~15%;保水剂0.2%~0.4%;调节剂1%~3%。该基质具有结构稳定性强,耐冲蚀程度高,保温效果好等特点,能够有效截留种植层的养分和水分,最大程度参与外界水气循环,极大提高种子的发芽率和成长速度。该基质原料丰富、工艺简单、价格低廉、使用方便,无污染,具有可观的社会和环境效益。

Description

适于喷播绿化的耐冲蚀基质
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适于喷播绿化的耐冲蚀基质,可广泛应用于水土保持、矿石复绿、国土绿化、交通工程、市政建设等领域中防止坡面被冲蚀。
背景技术
现有技术中,CN1292988A提供一种岩石边坡植被护坡种植基,其组分由绿化基材86~93,混合草种1.5~4.0,稳定剂5.0~10,团粒剂0.4~1.0组成。
CN1121059A提供一种护坡植被混凝土,其水泥、石子、砂、陶粒、水,它们之间的用量为1:3.4~4.0:0.46~0.6:0.3~0.47:0.40~0.50,其中水泥为425#,陶粒为事先喷洒复合肥的陶粒。
CN102675000A提供一种适于工业碱性尾矿坝植物生长的土壤培养基制备方法,用1000~1100重量份的粘土,28~45重量份的无机肥,20~40重量份的土壤稳定剂,200~400重量份的含水量为0.5%的豆饼,200~300重量份的草炭土。
目前在常规边坡复绿工程中,种植层基质厚度一般在20cm左右。在苗木生长初期,植物根系不能够增加种植层基质抗蚀性、抗冲性和固定作用,地表基质很容易受到水力、风力、重力和冻融等外力作用,使之受到各种破坏和移动,对苗木生长造成不利影响。目前,对于岩石边坡的植被护坡,主要有泥浆喷播法,水泥土喷射法,以及在坡面上打椿、编栅技术。泥浆喷射法由于泥浆自身粘结力低,不能抵抗雨水的冲蚀,很容易造成坡面滑坡。对于水泥土喷射法,由于水泥易与土壤粘结,形成板块,不能形成植物生长所需的最佳团粒结构。而另一种护坡技术在坡面上打椿、编栅,费工、费时,很难被推广利用。
发明内容
为解决上述现象现有技术中存在的不足之处,本发明提供一种适于喷播绿化耐冲蚀基质配方,该基质具有结构稳定性强,耐冲蚀程度高,保温效果好等特点,能够有效截留种植层的养分和水分,最大程度参与外界水气循环,极大提高种子的发芽率和成长速度。
为达到上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案是:
一种适于喷播绿化耐冲蚀基质配方,该基质由A和B在一定条件下有效复混而制,厚度为1cm~3cm。组分A为水,组分B由高液限土、花生壳、粘合剂、保水剂、调节剂组成。组分A和组分B的质量比为1:3,组分B按质量100%计,高液限土50%~60%;花生壳25%~35%;粘合剂10%~15%;保水剂0.2%~0.4%;调节剂1%~3%。
高液限土pH值在6.5~7.5之间,0.074mm~1 mm的颗粒含量大于70%。
保水剂为羟乙基甲基纤维素、聚醋酸乙烯酯、壳聚糖、黄原胶中的一种或者几种以任意比例混合。
粘合剂为聚丙烯酸钠、阿拉伯树胶、石蜡胶、硬脂酸钙、水玻璃中的一种或者几种以任意比例混合。
调节剂为变性淀粉、黄腐酸、壳聚糖、腐植酸中的一种或者几种以任意比例混合。
本发明的有益效果为:能形成最适合植物生长的物理结构,又能够稳定粘附在种植层,能用于各种坡度岩石坡面,耐冲蚀,保温效果好,能够有效截留种植层的养分和水分,最大程度参与外界水气循环,极大提高种子的发芽率和成长速度。该基质原料丰富、工艺简单、价格低廉、使用方便,无污染,具有可观的社会和环境效益。
具体实施方法
下面结合实施例详细说明本发明。
实施例1:
组分A和组分B的质量比为1:3,组分A(水)为33.3kg;组分B为100kg;其中组分B中各个组分的质量分别为:高液限土52 kg;花生壳33 kg;粘合剂13 kg;保水剂0.2 kg;调节剂1.8 kg。
实施例2:
组分A和组分B的质量比为1:3,组分A(水)为33.3kg;组分B为100kg;其中组分B中各个组分的质量分别为:高液限土60 kg;花生壳27 kg;粘合剂10 kg;保水剂0.4 kg;调节剂2.6 kg。
实施例3: 
组分A和组分B的质量比为1:3,组分A(水) 为33.3kg;组分B为100kg;其中组分B中各个组分的质量分别为:高液限土55 kg;花生壳30 kg;粘合剂12.5 kg;保水剂0.3 kg;调节剂2.7 kg。
以上是具体的实施方式,其中涉及的材料含量均为质量比,可以在本发明技术方案的含量范围内根据具体情况经过简单的试验选择。

Claims (5)

1.一种适于喷播绿化的耐冲蚀基质,其特征在于,该基质由组分A和组分B在常温下充分均匀混合而制,厚度为1cm~3cm;组分A为水,组分B由高液限土、花生壳、粘合剂、保水剂、调节剂组成;组分A和组分B的质量比为1:3;所述的组分B按质量份数计,高液限土50~60;花生壳25~35;粘合剂10~15;保水剂0.2~0.4;调节剂1~3。
2.如权利要求1所述的适于喷播绿化的耐冲蚀基质,其特征在于,所述的高液限土pH值在6.5~7.5之间,0.074mm~1 mm的颗粒含量大于70%。
3.如权利要求1所述的适于喷播绿化的耐冲蚀基质,其特征在于,所述的保水剂为羟乙基甲基纤维素、聚醋酸乙烯酯、壳聚糖、黄原胶中的一种或者几种以任意比例混合。
4.如权利要求1所述适于喷播绿化的耐冲蚀基质,其特征在于,所述的粘合剂为聚丙烯酸钠、阿拉伯树胶、石蜡胶、硬脂酸钙、水玻璃中的一种或者几种以任意比例混合。
5.如权利要求1所述适于喷播绿化的耐冲蚀基质,其特征在于,所述的调节剂为变性淀粉、黄腐酸、壳聚糖、腐植酸中的一种或者几种以任意比例混合。
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CN105112071B (zh) * 2015-09-07 2019-10-18 吉林省汇泉农业科技有限公司 一种颗粒状腐殖酸型土壤保水剂
CN109233848A (zh) * 2018-09-11 2019-01-18 上海龙沛环保科技有限公司 用于边坡治理水土保持的土壤固化改良剂
CN109729775A (zh) * 2019-01-31 2019-05-10 西藏俊富环境恢复有限公司 一种半湿性喷播方法
CN109906915A (zh) * 2019-04-25 2019-06-21 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 一种抗蚀抗旱边坡人工土壤制备方法
CN110122269B (zh) * 2019-06-18 2021-08-24 大连地拓环境科技有限公司 一种高陡边坡喷播用团粒剂及其应用方法
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