Summary of the invention
In order to solve the high problem of prior art Computer auxiliary equipment price, embodiments provide a kind of screw placement sight.Described technical scheme is as follows:
The invention provides a kind of screw placement sight, described sight comprises: sight leading portion and sight back segment, the rear portion of described sight leading portion and the front portion of described sight back segment are movably connected, the front portion of described sight leading portion and bottom surface and true pelvis edge suitable, described sight leading portion offers several positioning through hole, when the front portion of described sight leading portion and bottom surface and described true pelvis edge are fitted, the extended line of described positioning through hole is positioned at acetabular posterior column, the rear portion of described sight back segment arranges arc-shaped limit plate, described arc-shaped limit plate by described sight back segment bottom surface from rear portion to described sight back segment bend form, the inner arc radian of described arc-shaped limit plate and the outer rim of anterior superior iliac spine suitable, the anterior end face of described sight leading portion is provided with periosteal elevator, and described periosteal elevator is arched roof structure, and described arched roof structure is arched upward to the rear portion of described sight leading portion by the front portion of described sight leading portion.
Particularly, the rear portion of described sight leading portion is provided with slot, and the front portion of described sight back segment is provided with the latch suitable with described slot.
Particularly, described sight also comprises length adjustment device, described length adjustment device comprises screw rod and is fixed on the swivel bearing on described sight back segment, the screw matched with described screw rod is provided with in described sight leading portion, one end of described screw rod is inserted in described screw through described swivel bearing and described sight back segment, and the other end of described screw rod is placed in outside described sight back segment.
Further, described sight also comprises screw rod knob, and the described other end of described screw rod is located at by described screw rod knob.
Particularly, the end face of described sight leading portion is provided with boss, and described positioning through hole penetrates described boss along through direction.
Further, described positioning through hole is provided with three, and three described positioning through hole are in the arrangement triangular in shape of described boss.
Further, the inwall of described positioning through hole is provided with abutment sleeve.
Particularly, the rear portion of described sight back segment is fan-shaped.
The beneficial effect that the technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides is brought is: screw placement sight provided by the invention is with low cost, structure is simple, and the mode that the present invention adopts three-point fix fixing, namely true pelvis edge is withstood in sight front end, it is the first point herein, sight back segment blocks anterior superior iliac spine outer rim, now anterior superior iliac spine outer rim has at least fit with sight back segment at 2, material is thus formed three-point fix to fix, make sight fixing more firm, shake when can effectively avoid inserting needle to operate.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearly, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of screw placement sight, as shown in figures 1 and 3, this sight comprises: sight leading portion 1 and sight back segment 2, the rear portion of sight leading portion 1 and the front portion of sight back segment 2 are movably connected, the front portion of sight leading portion 1 and bottom surface and true pelvis edge suitable, sight leading portion 1 offers several positioning through hole, when the front portion of sight leading portion 1 and bottom surface and true pelvis edge are fitted, the extended line of positioning through hole is positioned at acetabular posterior column, the rear portion of sight back segment 2 arranges arc-shaped limit plate 3, arc-shaped limit plate 3 by sight back segment 2 bottom surface from rear portion to sight back segment 2 bend form, inner arc 14 (see Fig. 2) radian of arc-shaped limit plate 3 and the outer rim of anterior superior iliac spine c suitable, wherein, true pelvis edge d is withstood in the front portion of sight leading portion 1, it is the first anchor point herein, the inner arc 14 of arc-shaped limit plate 3 blocks the outer rim of anterior superior iliac spine c, now the outer rim of anterior superior iliac spine c and the inner arc 14 of arc-shaped limit plate 3 are fitted, it is the second anchor point, the position of sight can be fixed by these two points, ensure accurate positioning.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 1, the rear portion of sight back segment 2 can be that fan-shaped, such sector structure can increase the contact area with the outer rim of anterior superior iliac spine c, firm sight.
In a kind of embodiment of inventive embodiments; as shown in Figure 2; the anterior end face of sight leading portion 1 is provided with periosteal elevator 12; periosteal elevator 12 is arched roof structure; this arched roof structure is arched upward to the rear portion of sight leading portion 1 by the front portion of sight leading portion 1; periosteal elevator 12 is for separating of iliacus and true pelvis edge d; when using sight; iliacus can withstand by periosteal elevator 12; so not only can protect abdominal cavity and iliacus; effectively can also expand surgical field of view, facilitate operation technique.
In conjunction with above-mentioned embodiment, in the another kind of embodiment of inventive embodiments, the rear portion of sight leading portion 1 is provided with slot 5, and the front portion of sight back segment 2 is provided with the latch 4 suitable with slot 5.This slot 5 extends along the length direction of sight leading portion 1, and similarly, this latch 4 extends along the length direction of sight back segment 2.The coarse adjustment that can realize sight length is coordinated by slot 5 and latch 4, wherein, slot 5 and the contact surface of latch 4 can enclose the large material of one deck frictional force, as silica gel, rubber etc., the frictional force between slot 5 and latch 4 can be increased like this, make connection therebetween more firm.
In conjunction with above-mentioned embodiment, in the another kind of embodiment of inventive embodiments, this sight can also comprise length adjustment device, the swivel bearing 8 that length adjustment device comprises screw rod 6 and is fixed on sight back segment 2, the screw 7 matched with screw rod 6 is provided with in sight leading portion 1, with in sight back segment 2, one end of screw rod 6 is inserted in screw 7 through swivel bearing 8 and sight back segment 2, in addition, also the screw 7 matched with screw rod 6 can be provided with in sight leading portion 1, one end of screw rod 6 is made to pass the screw 7 of swivel bearing 8 and sight leading portion 1 and insert in the screw 7 of sight back segment 2, the other end of screw rod 6 is placed in outside sight back segment 2, this length adjustment device can realize fine adjustment to the length of sight by the mode of threaded adjusting, simultaneously, sight can also be made more firm.
Preferably, sight also comprises screw rod knob 9, and the other end of screw rod 6 is located at by screw rod knob 9, installs this screw rod knob 9 and can facilitate rotary screw 6.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, the end face of sight leading portion 1 is provided with boss 10, in the present embodiment, this boss 10 is limited by the first side and the second side.Angle between this first side and end face of sight leading portion 1 is acute angle (see Fig. 1), and this boss 10 is triangular in shape along the cross section of the length direction of sight.Further, this first side semicircular in shape, this second side is cambered surface.The through boss 10 of positioning through hole is also through the first side of boss 10, and this first side is preferably vertical with the through direction of positioning through hole 11.If not this boss 10, then user in operation, be not easy to see clearly be arranged on sight leading portion 1 end face on positioning through hole, by installing this boss 10, positioning through hole is made to extend on the first side of boss 10 by the end face of sight leading portion 1, being convenient to user when using this sight, observing the positioning through hole on boss 10, and guide pin 13 is inserted in positioning through hole exactly.Easily know, this boss 10 also can be square or rectangular structure, as long as this boss 10 can higher than the end face of sight leading portion 1, and positioning through hole can extend on a side of this boss 10, and the sight line homonymy of this side and user.
Further, positioning through hole is provided with three, three positioning through hole can triangular in shapely be arranged on boss 10, preferably, three positioning through hole arrangements in equilateral triangle on boss 10, in addition, three positioning through hole also can be the length direction longitudinal arrangements along this sight leading portion 1 on boss 10, also can be transversely arranged along the width of sight leading portion 1.For different human body, the shape of its pelvis has larger difference, it is accurate that these three positioning through hole can ensure that sight is located, when using sight, guide pin 13 is placed in different abutment sleeve 11 respectively and carries out X-ray three-dimensional imaging, thus select abutment sleeve 11 also inserting needle the most accurately, in addition, when the positioning through hole of actual processing sight, first process pelvis model, the sight adapting to pelvis physiological curve is made for this pelvis model, again the sight of undressed positioning through hole is fixed on pelvis model, laser-beam drilling machine is utilized oppositely to punch from acetabular posterior column b direction, and sight leading portion 1 is punched, obtain positioning through hole, again abutment sleeve 11 is assembled in positioning through hole, the i.e. parent model of obtained sight, this parent model is utilized to set up 3-D graphic, machining or formed in mould mode is adopted to produce in batches, and for left and right acetabular bone, left and right amphitypy should be divided, mirror image is processed each other, this sight can adopt the material that can penetrate X-ray to make, facilitate in art and develop, simultaneously, the sight adapting to pelvis physiological curve can be made for pelvis model.
Preferably, the inwall of positioning through hole can also be provided with abutment sleeve 11, this abutment sleeve 11 plays the effect of reinforcing.
Further, abutment sleeve 11 can be metal sleeve, in order to reduce X-ray three-dimensional imaging number of times, reduce the damage that X-ray radiation causes patient, the surgery cost of patient can be saved simultaneously, abutment sleeve 11 adopts metal material to make, because human body acetabular posterior column b has certain size, and guide pin 13 is thinner, therefore with the human body in one-piece type scope, even if the size dimension of pelvis and shape have different, also can ensure to have at least the extended line of one piece of abutment sleeve 11 can penetrate acetabular posterior column b completely completely.
Further, this sight can also comprise guide pin 13, and the diameter of guide pin 13 and the internal diameter of abutment sleeve 11 match, and this guide pin 13 is for passing abutment sleeve 11 and being implanted in acetabular posterior column b.
Adopt the operating process of sight provided by the invention as follows: for acetabular anterior column a and acetabular posterior column b fracture patient, first reset acetabular anterior column a simultaneously, to insert sight leading portion 1 by the operative incision of acetabular anterior column a afterwards; For being only the patient that acetabular posterior column b fractures, can cut in the middle part of crista iliaca, sight leading portion 1 is inserted from incision, with periosteal elevator 12 iliacus upwards pushed open afterwards and inwardly push sight leading portion 1 always, until sight leading portion 1 is positioned at true pelvis edge d, the front portion of sight leading portion 1 is made to withstand true pelvis edge d, then turn screw rod 6, sight back segment 2 is made constantly to cut and move inward, until arc-shaped limit plate 3 fastens the outer rim of anterior superior iliac spine c and clamps, then carry out X-ray three-dimensional perspective, select the abutment sleeve 11 of the most applicable angle; Finally guide pin 13 is placed in abutment sleeve 11, tightens screw, complete operation technique.
Employing of the present invention and the suitable configuration of true pelvis edge physiological curve, as the profile of sight, adopt multipoint positioning fixed index, and have employed and be in collinear abutment sleeve as positioner with acetabular posterior column, registration, simple operation.Sight provided by the invention can be inserted from acetabular anterior column operative incision, without the need to cutting the acetabular posterior column place of patient, significantly reduce the iatrogenic injury to patient, secondly, sight mates with human pelvis physiological curve, fit closely with skeleton, now the extended line of abutment sleeve is positioned at acetabular posterior column, it is very accurate to locate, and, the mode that the embodiment of the present invention adopts three-point fix fixing, namely true pelvis edge is withstood in sight front end, it is the first point herein, sight back segment blocks anterior superior iliac spine outer rim, now anterior superior iliac spine outer rim has at least fit with sight back segment at 2, material is thus formed three-point fix to fix, effectively can avoid the shake of guide pin when entering like this, finally, structure of the present invention is simple, with low cost, easy and simple to handle, greatly can shorten operating time, reduce the suction volume of patient's anaesthetic, improve operation safety.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.