CN1032613C

CN1032613C - New Side edge wind-actuated musical instrument and its making method

Info

Publication number: CN1032613C
Application number: CN 93102200
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宁保生
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-03-04
Filing date: 1993-03-04
Publication date: 1996-08-21
Anticipated expiration: 2013-03-04
Also published as: CN1076047A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an arris wind instrument which belongs to wind instruments. The present invention solves the structural problems of an ancient flute, so the arris wind instrument of the present invention satisfies the requirements of modern national music on the arris wind instrument. The present invention also discloses a making method of the arris wind instrument. The novel flute type arris wind instrument is a hand-held pipe, a blowing hole is arranged on one end of the hand-held pipe, both ends of the hand-held pipe are sealed, and sound outlets are arranged in the middle of the hand-held pipe. The present invention is characterized in that a first overtone hole with the function of pipe closing is arranged on the lower end of the hand-held pipe, namely a third harmonic tone, and a first sound outlet with pure quint musical interval relationship is formed between the lower end of the hand-held pipe and the first overtone hole. The present invention can be widely used for band play, cultural exchange, teaching practice, entertainment places and household entertainment, and has high collection value, particularly social value.

Description

Newly _ formula arris tongue and preparation method thereof

The invention belongs to wind instrument.

Chi is the most ancient bamboo, the horizontal formula arris tongue of holding of China, apart from modern existing more than 2,000 year history.The Warring states of being unearthed in Sui county, Chinese Hubei Province in 1978 just once waited the prototype that second tomb (B.C. 433 years) has been seen ancient Chi in burying.One is 79#, 29.3 centimetres of total lengths, and 1.9 centimetres of pipe end external diameters, 1.7 centimetres of pipe tail external diameters, internal diameter rots and can't measure because of bamboo matter.Whole musical instrument is made with the bamboo trunk that one one end has ring.Pipe shaft is coated with lacquer pitch-dark colored drawing triangle moire and Tao Wen.Pipe end stops up with wood, and the pipe tail utilizes the ring tabula to block, and is a kind of closed end tube that the end is arranged.Another part 74# body is roughly similar, just omits length a bit.Blow the hole at one end, five senders are arranged, tail end one hole name is stuck up.Ancient books " Five Classics main idea " day: Chi with bamboo for it, there is the end in six holes." the elegant pleasure of releasing " Guo Pu annotates: Chi with bamboo for it, four cun of long chis, enclose three cun, go out on the hole, one-inch three minute, stick up, horizontally blow it.The essential distinction of Chi and flute is that Chi has the end, flute not to have the end.The duplicate that duplicates according to the prototype of ancient Chi afterwards, play through examination and to find that its subject matter is: one, musical note is inaccurate, and scale is incomplete; Two, tonality is fuzzy; Three, especially due overtone is not galore obtained reasonable development and effectively utilization; Four, hold and hold the formula uniqueness, two palms of the hand all inwardly, and are very awkward, and inconvenience is played fortune and referred to.In a word, on the structure of ancient Chi and material, all can not adapt to and satisfy of the requirement of modern nationality's music development to this musical instrument.

The objective of the invention is to have above-mentioned shortcoming, through studying intensively, and provide a kind of, can adapt to and satisfy the national music development to this tongue requirement of Chi through improved in view of ancient Chi, New Side edge wind-actuated musical instrument, and its method for making is disclosed.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: New Side edge wind-actuated musical instrument is the pipe that can hold, blowing the hole establishes at one end, two ends are all sealed, the centre is provided with sender, it is characterized in that: be provided with first overtone that makes it with stopped pipe in its lower end, just the 3rd partials constitute first sender that pure diapente concerns between the two.At the first sender tail end, be provided with the interface copper ring of scalable overtone pitch.In the middle of blowing hole and sender, it adopts the interface copper ring that the whole pitch of scalable is arranged.Blow the closing plug of hole front end, adopt the sheet metal veneer, be the hemisphere face arc.Can be divided into horizontal type and vertical.Its material can adopt bamboo, fiberglass, duroplasts, wood or/and metal.The method for making of New Side edge wind-actuated musical instrument comprises: selection, and fixed tube is long, caliber, the end-blocking mouth, determine phoneme, punching, installation and fitting-up etc., it is characterized in that: first, with determining first stopped pipe overtone, the pitch of the 3rd partials is just determined the length of effective body; Second, use first overtone of stopped pipe again, just the pitch of the 3rd partials is determined the pure fifth in below, the accurate position of first sender just, thus realize effective combination of its stopped pipe overtone and open pipe sound and open pipe overtone; Arrange as for other sound hole behind the open pipe, its randomness is arranged again, can need arrange by the scale of same tone not; Have only first sender is treated as keynote Do, make first overtone of itself and stopped pipe, just the 3rd partials constitute pure five degree relations between the two, can realize effective combination of stopped pipe and switch maximum magnitude; The third, again according to the requirement of different tunes, discharge suitable player's hand shape attitude of this accent successively, be convenient to transport refer to need the scale sound hole.Concrete position, hole pitch is seen accompanying drawing.As for appearance modification, body can be coated with lacquer pitch-dark, colored drawing triangle moire and Tao Wen again, make it to have more national style, more approach the face shaping of ancient Chi, also will carve dragon, phoenix figure, make it become the artwork of a fineness, have more sight, fully show Chinese nation's long historical culture.That also can adopt American-European wind instrument adds the key way, replenishes and improves it and rise Fa and rise Do two sounds.

New Side edge wind-actuated musical instrument is because sealing is all taked at two ends.By repeatedly repeatedly practising proof:

1. highly beneficial to the pronunciation that excites loud region, so range is wide, to start at from the fundamental tone of stopped pipe, range can widely reach four octaves.Do not include the stopped pipe fundamental tone, its range also can reach three octaves.Can also can reach two octaves, five-six degree again by the smooth range that uses.Just there is not other sound to first octave from the stopped pipe fundamental tone.

2. semitone is complete: can play and the prong fingering by half hole, obtain all whole tones and semitone.

3. have very wide overtone section, and have eight pairs more than with the sound of the different tone colors of pitch.Same section melody can be played with different tone colors, and the different overtone of also available stopped pipe and open pipe is realized unified.

4. sound is surrounded by the performance of its exclusive characteristics, especially its overtone.Sound neither resembling flute, also do not resemble vertical bamboo flute, and flute, also different with the panpipes tone color of stopped pipe.It is a kind of a kind of specific sound between several persons.

5. volume: detect through science, outside attached bass Do of volume and middle pitch Do are smaller, all reach 83-94 (dB) and satisfy solo and instrumental ensemble requirement.See and detect subordinate list 2.

6. modulation is convenient: owing to set up a semi note hole, so it has taken into account the needs of two kinds of tone marks of ascending, descending.It can also be played except this accent easily, and its top four degree are transferred, five degree are transferred, minor third is transferred and below two degree are transferred.Skillfully also can play other related key far away as fingering.

7. eager to learn understandable, be convenient to popularize: the flute of round and fingering and open pipe has its similarity, but its singularity is also arranged.Every people that can play the flute all can play through one section training.

The present invention has obtained following effect in a word:

1. pitch is accurate, sees attached list 1.

2. volume data sees attached list 2.

3. tone color is stable, and the result sees by frequency analysis, and each sound tone color of extraction has consistance preferably.

4. have two kinds of different tamber characteristics in the hole of switching (this situation is only arranged) on the part sound.

5. frequency analysis result shows: perforate sound harmonic components evenly descends, and 5～6 subharmonic are high-visible, and closed pore sound 2 subharmonic are lower than the about 30dB of fundamental frequency, and other harmonic components and perforate sound are similar.

Be further described again below by drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is a New Side edge wind-actuated musical instrument horizontal type example structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the vertical example structure synoptic diagram of New Side edge wind-actuated musical instrument of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is concrete manufactured size specification embodiment 1 synoptic diagram for G of the present invention transfers.

Fig. 4 transfers concrete manufactured size specification embodiment 2 synoptic diagram for B falls in the present invention.

Fig. 5 is concrete manufactured size specification embodiment 3 synoptic diagram for F of the present invention transfers.

Fig. 6 is adjusted to routine actual pitch note spectrum synoptic diagram for the present invention with G.

Subordinate list 1 is an embodiment of the invention accuracy in pitch test data.

Subordinate list 2 is an embodiment of the invention volume test data.

Subordinate list 3 is overtone fingering table of the present invention.

Subordinate list 4 is scale fingering table of the present invention.

Mark among the figure: 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 senders, 9 blow the hole, 10 front end closing plugs, 11 regulate the interface copper ring of whole pitch, 12 regulate the interface copper ring of overtone pitch, 13 tail end closing plugs, 14 front ends, 15 rear ends, 16 curved metal pasters, 17 stopped pipe fundamental tones, N can smoothly use range, M represents not contain other sounds in the middle of this octave, A, ^bA, B, ^bB, C, D, ^bD, E, ^bE, ^#F, F, G musical alphabet.

As figure shows: the present invention can be made into the horizontal type and the vertical series of products of different size.Can adopt the science of other wind instruments to join the key method,, select metal pipe material for use, and, produce " flute " with Chinese national characteristic possibly according to the round rule that the present invention sets with effective body that two ends are all sealed.Its performance of prediction will surpass American-European flute.

Subordinate list 1

Subordinate list 2

Table 3: overtone fingering table

Table 4: scale fingering table

Claims

1, New Side edge wind-actuated musical instrument, it is a kind of arris tongue of holding, it comprises a pipe, two closing plugs, blow the hole at one end, two ends are all sealed, the centre is provided with sender, it is characterized in that: be to be provided with first overtone that makes it with stopped pipe before the closing plug of pipe rear end at the pipe tail end, the 3rd partials just, constitute first sender of pure diapente relation between the two, be provided with 5-7 sender at first sender between the hole to blowing, this 5-7 sender is respectively second, third to the 8th sender.

2, tongue as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the interface mouth copper ring that is provided with scalable overtone pitch between the closing plug of first sender and rear end.

3, tongue as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: blow between Kong Yudi eight senders at it, adopt the interface copper ring that the whole pitch of scalable is arranged.

4, tongue as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: the closing plug of front end adopts the sheet metal veneer, and this sheet metal veneer concave surface is towards the rear end and be the hemisphere face arc.

5, tongue as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: blow the hole and be located at the front end top.

6, the method for making of New Side edge wind-actuated musical instrument, it comprises: selection, fixed tube length, caliber, end-blocking mouth, determine phoneme, punching, installation and fitting-up etc., it is characterized in that: first, selection can be selected the body of bamboo matter, wooden, metal or other synthetic material for use; Second, fixed tube are long with determining first stopped pipe overtone, and the pitch of the 3rd partials is just determined the length of effective body; The third, selected caliber elects 15.5 or 16mm as; Fourth, end-blocking mouth are then selected cork for use, the closed tube both ends; Penta, open and blow the hole, the first is located at the 3mm position apart from body front end closing plug, and it two is the perpendicular formula of blowing and then is located at the pipe end top; The sixth of the twelve Earthly Branches, determine phoneme, promptly after determining first sender, and determine after effective body length, use first overtone of stopped pipe again, the pitch of the 3rd partials just, come to determine the pure fifth in below, the accurate position of first sender just, thus realize effective combination of its stopped pipe overtone and open pipe sound and open pipe overtone; Arrange as for other sound hole behind the open pipe, it is arranged again, can need arrange by the scale of same tone not with sound; Have only first sender is treated as keynote Do, make first overtone of itself and stopped pipe, the 3rd partials just, constitute pure five degree relations between the two, can realize effective combination of stopped pipe and open pipe maximum magnitude, specifically be exactly again in regular turn by major second, minor second, minor second, major second, major second, major second interval relation, order is discharged the position of other sender, and then according to the requirement of different tunes, discharge suitable player's hand shape attitude of this accent successively, be convenient to transport refer to need the scale sound hole, punch; Heptan, japanning at last, the outer decoration.