CN103257443B - A kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope - Google Patents
A kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN103257443B CN103257443B CN201310145375.2A CN201310145375A CN103257443B CN 103257443 B CN103257443 B CN 103257443B CN 201310145375 A CN201310145375 A CN 201310145375A CN 103257443 B CN103257443 B CN 103257443B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope, comprise a lens tube, objective system is provided with in lens tube, one end of lens tube is provided with POLYCARBONATE SHEET, the other end is connected with metal shell, feature is provided with a micro scanning catoptron in metal shell, comprise catoptron, for make catoptron spin upside down in axle, for the outer shaft overturn about making catoptron, the first group of comb drive arrangement rotated for driving interior axle and second group of comb drive arrangement for driving outer shaft to rotate, first group of comb drive arrangement comprises multiple around interior axle fixed stator comb and multiple rotor comb around the rotatable certain angle of interior axle, second group of comb drive arrangement comprises multiple around outer shaft fixed stator comb and multiple rotor comb around the rotatable certain angle of outer shaft, stator comb and rotor comb stagger spaced apart up and down, advantage is the while of reducing volume and reduction energy consumption, optical resolution and visual field size can not be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Handheld endoscope, especially relate to a kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope based on micro-reflector.
Background technology
Based on a confocal fluorescent imaging system for laser scanning, generally include the laser co-focusing probe that has micro-reflector and object lens.Use this common focusing probe, after sample is irradiated by low-coherence light source, imaging system obtains the imaging of three-dimensional sample top layer by the light returned from sample reflection, and imaging depth is approximately less than 500 μm, and transverse spatial resolution is 1 μm.By using the light intensity of about 100uw rank, the spatial resolution of several microns realizes than being easier to.Therefore, above-mentioned imaging system in body and the imaging applications of vitro tissue structure be very useful.
The transversal dimensions of current endoscope, usually more than 5mm, especially when their imaging surface region (general 2mm is wide) of contrast, is therefore applied existing pin type endoscope and is obtained image guided surgery operation and inadvisable.But the main difficulty making more small-sized endoscope is the electronic deflecting system being to design endoscope, can cover enough scan volume, the diameter of endoscope is limited in simultaneously and is about less than 2mm, like this to reduce the minimal invasive of endoscope as far as possible.The frequency of the micro-reflector of popping one's head in due to existing laser co-focusing is fixing nonadjustable, thus when using the burnt micro scanning catoptron probe of copolymerization to carry out macroscopic view imaging, the reflector space area of micro scanning catoptron is unique variable factor that photon collected by restriction object lens, therefore, the ability of photon is collected in order to improve object lens, must increase the reflector space area of micro scanning catoptron, thus driving force increases, and causes energy consumption to increase.
Summary of the invention
It is little that technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of volume, less energy consumption, the handheld confocal optical endoscope that can not reduce optical resolution and visual field size simultaneously.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope, comprise a lens tube, objective system is provided with in described lens tube, one end of described lens tube is provided with POLYCARBONATE SHEET, the other end of described lens tube is connected with metal shell, a micro scanning catoptron is provided with in described metal shell, described micro scanning catoptron comprises catoptron, for make catoptron spin upside down in axle, for the outer shaft overturn about making catoptron, for drive described in first group of comb drive arrangement rotating of axle and second group of comb drive arrangement for driving described outer shaft to rotate, first group of described comb drive arrangement comprises multiple around axle fixed stator comb in described and multiple rotor comb around the rotatable certain angle of axle in described, second group of described comb drive arrangement comprises multiple around described outer shaft fixed stator comb and multiple rotor comb around the rotatable certain angle of described outer shaft, described stator comb and described rotor comb stagger spaced apart up and down.
The periphery of described catoptron is provided with rotatable catoptron activity box, described interior axle to be arranged on described catoptron activity box and to be positioned at the outer of described catoptron, described interior axle drives described catoptron to spin upside down under the driving of described first group of comb drive arrangement, described catoptron is connected by interior axle one with described catoptron activity box, described outer shaft is arranged on described catoptron activity box outer and described outer shaft overturns drive described catoptron and described catoptron activity box entirety under the driving of described second group of comb drive arrangement about.
The thickness of described rotor comb is 0.5-50 micron, and the distance between the rotor comb described in each is 0.5-50 micron, and the thickness of described stator comb is 0.5-50 micron, and the distance between the stator comb described in each is 0.5-50 micron.
The thickness of described rotor comb is 8 microns, and the distance between the rotor comb described in each is 8 microns, and the thickness of described stator comb is 8 microns, and the distance between the stator comb described in each is 8 microns.
The diameter of described catoptron is 1024 microns.
Principle of work: because voltage is applied on stator comb, rotor comb can experience an electrostatic torque, the maximum anglec of rotation that rotor comb can rotate is 5 °-4.5 °, when rotor comb rotates around interior axle or outer shaft, have a shearing force to act on rotating shaft and make its distortion, and shearing force provides a mechanical recovery moment of torsion to react on this distortion.The electrostatic torque that the rotor comb that have rotated certain angle is subject to is matched with completely when rotor axis mechanical recovers moment of torsion and reaches balance between the two.
The product size of micro scanning catoptron and the number of its deflection optical angle decision image analysis point in final image, and finally determine resolution.Parsing is counted out as N, is determined under one-dimensional scanning by following formula:
Wherein,
be the mechanical scanning half-angle of micro scanning catoptron, λ is operation wavelength, and D is the diameter of micro scanning catoptron.By the adjustment of the mechanical scanning half-angle (deflection optical angle) to above-mentioned catoptron, under making micro scanning catoptron in fluoroscopic imaging systems be operated in a resonance scan pattern, and be expected to realize the size that imaging efficiency not exclusively depends on micro scanning mirror surface region.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: a kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope of the present invention, comprise a lens tube, object lens are provided with in lens tube, one end of lens tube is provided with POLYCARBONATE SHEET, the other end of lens tube is connected with metal shell, and metal shell comprises a micro scanning catoptron, and micro scanning catoptron guides laser beam irradiation tissue samples by object lens and POLYCARBONATE SHEET.The often group pivotal quantity device of micro scanning catoptron can rotate along axle respectively.First group of pivotal quantity device and second group of pivotal quantity device all comprise multiple stator comb and multiple rotor comb that can rotate around corresponding interior axle or outer shaft, rotor comb band moving axis rotates, and then drive catoptron to rotate thus change the deflection optical angle of catoptron, imaging efficiency is made not exclusively to depend on the size in micro scanning mirror surface region, and this micro scanning catoptron can transfer mirror optics deflection angle in all directions, the double superposition in deflection optical angle can be made or fluorescent light beam is switched to the light path of other any directions, therefore above-mentioned handheld confocal optical endoscope has a rational scan volume when volume-diminished, enough to provide enough image informations.
In sum, a kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope of the present invention, when using laser scanning mechanism to carry out the view field imaging of macroscopic view, drive rotating shaft quick by pivotal quantity device, high moment of torsion rotary actuation, thus catoptron is rotated to an angle, the mechanical scanning half-angle of adjustment catoptron, realize the size that imaging efficiency not exclusively depends on micro scanning mirror surface region, the decoupling zero in picture system effectiveness and micro scanning mirror surface region can be embodied as, imagery optical resolution and visual field size can not be reduced while energy consumption is less, by like this, large-scale high-quality fluorescence imaging can be realized when not needing large light beam irradiation, and the risk that sample albefaction is destroyed will reduce greatly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of handheld confocal optical endoscope of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of micro scanning catoptron of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the arbitrary group of pivotal quantity device of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the fundamental diagram of handheld confocal optical endoscope of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, comprise a lens tube 27, objective system 18 is provided with in lens tube 27, one end of lens tube 27 is provided with POLYCARBONATE SHEET 28, the other end of lens tube 27 is connected with metal shell 29, a micro scanning catoptron 14 is provided with in metal shell 29, as shown in Figure 2, micro scanning catoptron 14 comprises catoptron 1, for make catoptron 1 spin upside down in axle 2, the outer shaft 3 overturn for making catoptron about 1, the first group of comb drive arrangement 4 rotated for driving interior axle 2 and second group of comb drive arrangement 5 for driving outer shaft 3 to rotate, as shown in Figure 3, first group of comb drive arrangement 4 comprises multiple around interior axle 2 fixed stator comb 6 and multiple rotor comb 7 around the rotatable certain angle of interior axle 2, second group of comb drive arrangement 5 comprises multiple around outer shaft 3 fixed stator comb 6 and multiple rotor comb 7 around the rotatable certain angle of outer shaft 3, stator comb 6 and rotor comb about 7 stagger spaced apart.
In this particular embodiment, the periphery of catoptron 1 is provided with rotatable catoptron activity box 8, interior axle 2 to be arranged on catoptron activity box 8 and to be positioned at the outer of catoptron 1, interior axle 2 (external voltage inputs in first group of comb drive arrangement 4 and produces power) under the driving of first group of comb drive arrangement 4 drives catoptron 1 to spin upside down, catoptron 1 is connected by interior axle 2 one with catoptron activity box 8, outer shaft 3 is arranged on catoptron activity box 8 outer and outer shaft 3 (external voltage inputs in second group of comb drive arrangement 5 and produces power) under the driving of second group of comb drive arrangement 5 drives the overall left and right of catoptron 1 and catoptron activity box 8 to overturn.
In this particular embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, rotor comb 7 can be rotated, and stator comb 6 can keep static, the thickness of rotor comb 7 is 0.5-50 micron, and the distance between each rotor comb 7 is 0.5-50 micron, and the thickness of stator comb 6 is 0.5-50 micron, distance between each stator comb 6 be 0.5-50 micron (thickness of rotor comb 7 and the thickness of stator comb 6, and rotor comb 7 each other with stator comb 6 each other distance choose 8 microns of the bests).
In this particular embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, micro scanning catoptron 14 is about the substrate 9 of 2.8*2.8 square millimeter containing size, and rotatable catoptron 1 diameter is approximately 1024 microns.Catoptron 1 comprises interior axle 2 and outer shaft 3, first group of comb drive arrangement 4 for interior axle 2 provides quick, high moment of torsion rotary actuation, and second group of comb drive arrangement 5 provides quick, high moment of torsion rotary actuation for outer shaft 3.Such as, interlaced first group of comb drive arrangement 4 and second group of comb drive arrangement 5 can rotate along corresponding interior axle 2 and outer shaft 3, and the motion of first group of comb drive arrangement 4 can by the electrode V on substrate 9
1 inner11 and electrode V
2 innerthe input voltage of 12 drives, and the motion of second group of comb drive arrangement 5 can by the electrode V on substrate 9
1 outer13 and electrode V
2 outerthe input voltage of 14 drives, and any one electrode of first group of comb drive arrangement 4 or second group of comb drive arrangement 5 applies a quiescent voltage, then the one-sided deflection of comb drive arrangement; Total deflection optical angle is realized double by applying quiescent voltage on arbitrary electrode of two comb drive arrangement.Divide to be clipped on interior axle 2 and outer shaft 3 by applying quiescent voltage 240V and can realize deflection optical angle greatly between 4.5 °-5 °.
In this particular embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the design of Handheld endoscope can by carrying out examination and diagnosis to the quick detection of epithelial neoplasms.Handheld endoscope comprises the lens tube being connected to metal shell 29, and objective system 18 is comprised in lens tube 27, and there is POLYCARBONATE SHEET 28 front end of lens tube 27, with guarantee with the checked tissue sample contact of any needs after ensure biological safety.Lens tube 27 is preferably made up of stainless-steel tube.Metal shell 29 preferably ground connection, being preferably designed to two part names separated is inner casing and shell, be connected (not shown) each other by spring with micro motor.Micro scanning catoptron 14 is encapsulated in the inner casing of metal shell 29, and the driving of micro scanning catoptron 14 is driven by micro motor.Micro motor contributes to the focusing adjustment realizing Z-direction, realizes three dimensional depth sensitive imaging with this.
Optics and the electric interfaces of Handheld endoscope are separated from each other, to assemble.Electronic equipment is based upon one flexibly on platform, allow Handheld endoscope can in electronic equipment internal environment unrestricted movement and location.Contact imaging system is integratedly in one's handsly held on formula endoscope by fixing, with for tissue samples when without imaging when motion artifacts, thus the field, visual field of the scanning angle of micro scanning catoptron 14 in amplification Handheld endoscope to greatest extent.
Application Example
A kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope of the present invention, as shown in Figure 4, the course of work is specific as follows:
Linear polarized beam is launched to the optical fiber (PM) 21 of a stable state single mode polarization from laser diode 15.Light, by after PM optical fiber 21, is focused into the light beam of 1mm diameter, in order to illumination light is transformed into a circular polarized light, needs by the zero level quarter-wave long wave plate 23 of an axes orientation at 45 ° of incident polarization angles by collimating apparatus 22.Light incides the micro scanning catoptron 14 of embodiment 1 after being reflected by stationary mirror 17 with 22.5 ° of angles.Light can cover whole objective system 18(through micro scanning catoptron 14 injection and comprise the aspheric surface object lens 20 with 3 times of Kepler's beam expanders 19 and high-NA), provide the tissue samples 24 of an effective numerical aperture about 0.48.Reflected light is converted into the linearly polarized photon perpendicular to initial illumination polarization direction subsequently, and then polaroid 25 and skew mirror 26 are eliminated in use, then by arriving photodetector 16 after spatial filtering.
The objective system 18 with high value numerical aperture can obtain the optical imagery of high-contrast in the tissue samples 24 of high scattering.The resolution of laser co-focusing system, visual field and contrast all depend on micro scanning catoptron 14 to a great extent.Like this, but also will do a balance between resolution and visual field even if.The product size of micro scanning catoptron 14 and the number of its deflection optical angle decision image analysis point in final image, and finally determine resolution.
Parsing is counted out as N, is determined under one-dimensional scanning by following formula:
Wherein,
be the mechanical scanning half-angle (deflection optical angle) of micro scanning catoptron 14, λ is operation wavelength, and D is the diameter of micro scanning catoptron 14.
Above-mentioned laser scanning co-focusing system can provide the view field image of 200 microns * 125 microns when 3.0 frames are per second.Diameter and the optical scan angle of in image, resolving number (408*255) a little and micro scanning catoptron 14 are proportional, described in above formula.In the maximum gauge limited field of micro scanning catoptron 14, maximum drive voltage and the energy ezpenditure of its setting are determined by deflection optical angle.
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to above-mentioned citing.Those skilled in the art are in essential scope of the present invention, and the change made, remodeling, interpolation or replacement, also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a handheld confocal optical endoscope, comprise a lens tube, objective system is provided with in described lens tube, one end of described lens tube is provided with POLYCARBONATE SHEET, the other end of described lens tube is connected with metal shell, it is characterized in that: in described metal shell, be provided with a micro scanning catoptron, described micro scanning catoptron comprises catoptron, for make catoptron spin upside down in axle, for the outer shaft overturn about making catoptron, for drive described in first group of comb drive arrangement rotating of axle and second group of comb drive arrangement for driving described outer shaft to rotate, first group of described comb drive arrangement comprises multiple around axle fixed stator comb in described and multiple rotor comb around the rotatable certain angle of axle in described, second group of described comb drive arrangement comprises multiple around described outer shaft fixed stator comb and multiple rotor comb around the rotatable certain angle of described outer shaft, described stator comb and described rotor comb stagger spaced apart up and down, the periphery of described catoptron is provided with rotatable catoptron activity box, described interior axle to be arranged on described catoptron activity box and to be positioned at the outer of described catoptron, described interior axle drives described catoptron to spin upside down under the driving of described first group of comb drive arrangement, described catoptron is connected by interior axle one with described catoptron activity box, described outer shaft is arranged on described catoptron activity box outer and described outer shaft overturns drive described catoptron and described catoptron activity box entirety under the driving of described second group of comb drive arrangement about.
2. a kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described rotor comb is 0.5-50 micron, distance between rotor comb described in each is 0.5-50 micron, the thickness of described stator comb is 0.5-50 micron, and the distance between the stator comb described in each is 0.5-50 micron.
3. a kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the thickness of described rotor comb is 8 microns, distance between rotor comb described in each is 8 microns, the thickness of described stator comb is 8 microns, and the distance between the stator comb described in each is 8 microns.
4. a kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the diameter of described catoptron is 1024 microns.
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| CN201310145375.2A CN103257443B (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | A kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope |
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| CN201310145375.2A CN103257443B (en) | 2013-04-24 | 2013-04-24 | A kind of handheld confocal optical endoscope |
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| CN103257443B true CN103257443B (en) | 2016-01-06 |
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| CN105424601B (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2018-02-16 | 广东欧谱曼迪科技有限公司 | A kind of hand-held is copolymerized burnt skin microscopic method and device |
| CN108614353B (en) * | 2018-05-10 | 2020-08-04 | 西安交通大学 | Two-dimensional deflection decoupling mechanism based on ion exchange polymeric metal material and deflection method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101449963A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-06-10 | 浙江大学 | Laser co-focusing micro-endoscope |
| CN102648577A (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2012-08-22 | 日本先锋公司 | Drive apparatus |
| CN203241616U (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-10-16 | 宁波美晶医疗技术有限公司 | Hand-held confocal optical endoscope |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101449963A (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-06-10 | 浙江大学 | Laser co-focusing micro-endoscope |
| CN102648577A (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2012-08-22 | 日本先锋公司 | Drive apparatus |
| CN203241616U (en) * | 2013-04-24 | 2013-10-16 | 宁波美晶医疗技术有限公司 | Hand-held confocal optical endoscope |
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