CN103257395B - There is the optical fiber of polarization function - Google Patents
There is the optical fiber of polarization function Download PDFInfo
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- CN103257395B CN103257395B CN201210039554.3A CN201210039554A CN103257395B CN 103257395 B CN103257395 B CN 103257395B CN 201210039554 A CN201210039554 A CN 201210039554A CN 103257395 B CN103257395 B CN 103257395B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of optical fiber with polarization function, this optical fiber includes the nanometer grating being arranged on inside of optical fibre.The invention provides the optical fiber with polarization function that a kind of optical texture is simple, with low cost, band of operation is big and extinction ratio is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser technology field, relate to a kind of optical fiber, particularly relate to a kind of optical fiber with polarization function.
Background technology
Along with current fiber optic communication and the high speed development of optical fiber sensing technology, different types of optical fiber and main passive optical fibre device have had become as hot research content.During wherein fibre optic polarizer has been widely used in optical fiber laser, Fibre Optical Sensor and fields of measurement, traditional fibre optic polarizer has following several: polarization mirror fibre optic polarizer, D-type optical fiber polariser, melting cone type fibre optic polarizer etc..
Polarization mirror fibre optic polarizer is mainly by tail optical fiber, polarizer, optical fiber collimator forms, light in optical fiber enters optical fiber collimator, is changed into collimated light beam, impinges perpendicularly on polarizer surface, after creating the line polarized light of a direction, being collected by another collimator is coupled in the middle of tail optical fiber again, and the space structure of involved optics is more, is not easy to regulation.If using the inclined tail optical fiber of guarantor to also need to the transmission direction regulating polariser just can use to consistent with polarization maintaining optical fibre guarantor's folk prescription.
D-type optical fiber polariser be optical fiber is finely ground into D type cross section after plate different metal film again and produce polarization effect, but grinding precision and plated film require the highest, production efficiency is low.
Melting cone type fibre optic polarizer is to draw cone molding then growth anisotropy crystal to produce polarization effect at high temperature fused state optical fiber, and bandwidth is typically at about 30nm.
Compared with the fibre optic polarizer that these are traditional, the femtosecond pulse photoetching fibre optic polarizer that the present invention proposes only utilizes induced with laser periodic nano-structure in conventional quartz fibre cladding, without integrated other optics and metal film, it is not necessary to complicated grinding and coating process.Because optical texture is simple, it is not necessary to carry out light path calibration regulation, insertion loss is low, and operating bandwidth scope is big, can reach the extinction ratio of more than 20dB in broadband range.Present configuration is simple, one-shot forming, and production efficiency is high, it is easy to produce in enormous quantities.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem present in background technology, the invention provides the optical fiber with polarization function that a kind of optical texture is simple, with low cost, band of operation is big and extinction ratio is high.
The technical solution of the present invention is: the invention provides a kind of optical fiber with polarization function, its be characterized in that described in there is the optical fiber of polarization function include being arranged on the nanometer grating of inside of optical fibre.
The above-mentioned optical fiber with polarization function also includes that fiber core, described nanometer grating are arranged on fiber core around or within.
Above-mentioned nanometer grating is to use different parameters femtosecond pulse produced refraction index changing or inducing periodic nanostructured in quartz material.
The normal direction of above-mentioned nanometer grating plane is perpendicular to fiber core direction.
Above-mentioned nanometer grating is one or more.
When above-mentioned nanometer grating is multiple, described nanometer grating is uniform or non-homogeneous is arranged on fiber core around or within.
Above-mentioned nanometer grating is uniform or heterogeneous is circumferentially positioned at fiber core around or within.
Above-mentioned optical fiber is silica fibre, silicate fibers, optical glass optical fiber or crystal optical fibre.
Above-mentioned optical fiber be single mode, multimode, large mode field, double clad or photon crystal structure optical fiber.
The invention have the advantage that
The invention provides a kind of optical fiber with polarization function, this optical fiber uses refraction index changing or inducing periodic nanostructured, namely nanometer grating, it has polarization guiding property, the guide-lighting performance of nanometer grating polarization that different parameters laser produces also is not quite similar, this nanometer grating vestige with polarization guiding property is utilized to constitute symmetrical space structure in covering near common silica fibre fibre core, the evanescent field of guided mode electric field in modulation optical fiber fibre core, optical fiber can be made to have polarization light guide effect, thus constitute polarization leaded light device.The evanescent waves transmitting light in fiber core is modulated by the nanometer striped of surrounding, horizontal and vertical polarized component scattering properties is different, the oscillating component scattering being perpendicular to nanometer plane is fairly obvious, this polarization state is scattered in a large number, and the polarization state being parallel to nanometer plane is lost the lowest, after transmission certain length, it is finally reached higher extinction ratio.Owing to the polarization scattering characteristic of nanometer grating is insensitive with wavelength relationship, nanometer striped has the highest polarization extinction ratio for different wave length, and working range depends primarily on the conduction mode scope of used optical fiber.Laser is after the transmission through nanometer grating modulation areas, the oscillating component being perpendicular to nanometer plane is scattered in a large number, finally being parallel to the oscillating component vertical component to be significantly larger than of nanometer plane, reached the extinction ratio of ＞ 20dB, incident illumination realizes being polarized effect.The present invention proposes the femtosecond laser photoetching fibre optic polarizer of a kind of new structure, utilize femtosecond pulse induction Refractire Index of Silica Optical Cladding change, the periodic nanometer grating with polarization guiding property is created around fiber core, by selecting the polarization direction of laser and setting rational nanometer grating length, spacing, the fibre optic polarizer without space optics structure and wideband operation can be realized.The fibre optic polarizer volume of this structure is little, and simple in construction is with low cost, and manufacture process is simple and quick, it is easy to accomplish.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the optical fiber with polarization function provided by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side structure schematic diagram of the optical fiber with polarization function provided by the present invention；
Wherein:
1-fiber core；2-nanometer grating.
Detailed description of the invention
The operation principle of the present invention is: quartz material can occur multiphoton absorption in laser spot and the quartz material zone of action under focusing on femtosecond pulse effect, produce plasma, when plasma reaches certain density, material can damage, thus change the optical characteristics of quartz material, and beyond laser spot, laser intensity does not reaches multiphoton absorption threshold value, material will not damage, and therefore can realize precision positioning processing in material.Use different parameters femtosecond pulse photoetching can produce two kinds of modifications in quartz material, i.e. refraction index changing or inducing periodic nanostructured, wherein periodic nano-structure is otherwise known as nanometer grating, it has polarization guiding property, the guide-lighting performance of nanometer grating polarization that different parameters laser produces also is not quite similar, this nanometer grating vestige with polarization guiding property is utilized to constitute symmetrical space structure in covering near common silica fibre fibre core, the evanescent field of guided mode electric field in modulation optical fiber fibre core, optical fiber can be made to have polarization light guide effect, thus constitute polarization leaded light device.
Femtosecond pulse photoetching technique uses repetition rate 1000Hz, spectral centroid wavelength 800nm, spectral width 12nm, the titanium precious stone laser amplification system of pulse width 120fs is as light source for processing, common silica fibre is positioned over electric precise three-dimensional movement platform, horizontal Myocardial revascularization bylaser mode is used when inscribing nanometer grating, i.e. Laser Transmission direction is vertical with optical fiber moving direction, laser beam utilizes microcobjective to focus on the position of fiber core both sides covering, utilize displacement platform moving fiber, femtosecond laser focus carves a track at the covering of fiber core, this track defines equally distributed nanometer grating.Due to nanometer grating mean refractive index low, so it is observed that the vestige of white under phase contrast microscope, can observe as spectra features in the femtosecond course of processing.The normal direction of nanometer grating plane is perpendicular to the fibre core direction of optical fiber, owing to nanometer grating has form birefringent characteristic and polarization scattering effect, the evanescent waves transmitting light in fiber core is modulated by the nanometer striped of surrounding, horizontal and vertical polarized component scattering properties is different, the oscillating component scattering being perpendicular to nanometer plane is fairly obvious, and this polarization state is scattered in a large number, and the polarization state loss being parallel to nanometer plane is the lowest, after transmission certain length, it is finally reached higher extinction ratio.Owing to the polarization scattering characteristic of nanometer grating is insensitive with wavelength relationship, nanometer striped has the highest polarization extinction ratio for different wave length, and working range depends primarily on the conduction mode scope of used optical fiber.
After nanometer grating is inscribed, the polarization work process of fibre optic polarizer is described as follows: the light of random polarization state is coupled to optical fiber one end, initially enter the region of nanometer fringe-adjusted after propagation for a distance, two polarized components are now provided with different scattering propertiess, it is embodied in polarization scattering loss difference, after the transmission through nanometer grating modulation areas, the oscillating component being perpendicular to nanometer plane is scattered in a large number, finally it is parallel to the oscillating component vertical component to be significantly larger than of nanometer plane, reach the extinction ratio of ＞ 20dB, incident illumination realizes being polarized effect.
Based on above-mentioned principle, see Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the invention provides a kind of optical fiber with polarization function, this optical fiber includes fiber core 1, except that: the optical fiber with polarization function provided by the present invention also includes the nanometer grating 2 being arranged on fiber core 1 portion around which or within, and nanometer grating 2 uses different parameters femtosecond pulse photoetching meeting produced refraction index changing or inducing periodic nanostructured in quartz material exactly.
When specific works, the normal direction of nanometer grating 2 plane is perpendicular to fiber core 1 direction, and nanometer grating 2 can be one or more, if use multiple, these nanometer gratings 2 are circumferentially positioned at fiber core 1 around or within.Optical fiber is silica fibre, silicate fibers, optical glass optical fiber or crystal optical fibre；Optical fiber be single mode, multimode, large mode field, double clad or photon crystal structure optical fiber.
Claims (3)
1. an optical fiber with polarization function, it is characterised in that the optical fiber described in: with polarization function includes fiber core and is arranged on the nanometer grating of inside of optical fibre；Described nanometer grating is arranged on fiber core around or within；Described nanometer grating is to use different parameters femtosecond pulse produced refraction index changing or inducing periodic nanostructured in quartz material；The normal direction of described nanometer grating plane is perpendicular to fiber core direction；Described nanometer grating is one or more；When described nanometer grating is multiple, described nanometer grating is uniform or heterogeneous is circumferentially positioned at fiber core around or within.
The optical fiber with polarization function the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described optical fiber is optical glass optical fiber or crystal optical fibre.
The optical fiber with polarization function the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described optical fiber be single mode, multimode, large mode field or double clad.
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| CN108089260A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-05-29 | 上海大学 | A kind of vectorial field regulation and control optical fiber based on nanometer grating array |
| CN112505826B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-11-01 | 湖北工业大学 | Method and device for manufacturing femtosecond laser induced circular polarization state maintaining optical fiber |
| CN114153022B (en) * | 2022-02-10 | 2022-05-10 | 西北大学 | Rayleigh scattering enhanced optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202472030U (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Optical fiber with polarization function |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202472030U (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2012-10-03 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Optical fiber with polarization function |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 《Writing waveguides in glass with a femtosecond laser》;K. M. Davis等;《OPTICS LETTERS》;19961101;第21卷(第21期);1729-1731 * |
| 《飞秒激光诱导玻璃功能微结构》;邱建荣等;《硅酸盐通报》;20051031(第5期);120-124 * |
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