A kind of high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil and preparation method thereof, belong to the petrochemical technology field.
Background technology
In the production process of rubber product, usually add about 30% rubber oil in the rubber, after the adding of rubber oil, not only improved Rubber processing performance and use properties, reduced the production cost of rubber simultaneously.
Along with the world is more and more higher to the cry of environment protection; the application of green material is extremely paid attention to; Europe rubber industry associating association (BLIC) and the international synthetic rubber producer learn common declaration and will use nontoxicity oils in tires, and forbid poisonous rubber oil on January 1st, 2010 in tire production comprehensively.Yet in the use of rubber oil, according to the similar compatibility principle, rubber oil and rubber need keep good intermiscibility, and this just requires not only environment protection standard of rubber oil, but also should have higher aromaticity content.As everyone knows, removing of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons certainly will be reduced its aromaticity content in the oil product, thus for the R﹠D work of environment-friendly rubber oil will become unusual difficult, and high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil also is each big rubber oil manufacturer product of enjoying great popularity both at home and abroad.
At present, the technology of production environment-friendly rubber oil has solvent treatment and two kinds of schemes of hydrotreatment.
Solvent treatment is to utilize the choice of Solvent dissolving power, removes in the oil plant technology of harmful or undesirable components.The high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil product of supplying on the market mainly is to handle aromatic hydrocarbon oil (TDAE), it is by solvent distillate or residual oil raw material to be carried out repeatedly extracting, obtain useful monocycle and double ring arene in the oil product, and remove wherein toxic substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, make the finished product keep higher aromaticity content, the C of product
AValue can reach 25%, and performance and aromatic hydrocarbon oil are comparatively approaching, but repeatedly solvent treatment makes product yield lower, and operational condition is required also comparatively harshness, and tooling cost is very high, produces a large amount of low value-added extractions oil simultaneously.It is raw material that Chinese patent application 200910088932.5 and 200910088931.0 all subtracts three line distillates with cycloalkyl, through twice furfural treatment, obtains C
AThe environment-friendly rubber oil of value 10%-18% produces low value-added oil or the secondary extraction oil once extracted out of part simultaneously.U.S. Patent application US6110358 is raw material with the cycloalkyl distillate, and earlier through hydrotreatment, the hydrotreatment oil after obtaining steaming is again through solvent treatment, and the gained treated oil is environment-friendly rubber oil.After adopting this patented technology, solvent-refined treated oil yield reaches more than 80%, and the oily yield of low value-added extraction significantly reduces, and wherein the saturated hydrocarbon content of environment-friendly rubber oil reaches about 70%, but aromatic hydrocarbons (or aromatic carbon) content is low, makes the consistency variation of environment-friendly rubber oil and rubber.Chinese patent 201210048221.7 and 201210048263.0 is raw material with the cycloalkyl distillate all, adopts hydrotreatment and secondary solvent extraction process to produce C
AThe environment-friendly rubber oil of value 19~26%, the consistency of product and rubber is good, and processing characteristics is superior, but still has the low value-added extraction oil of part to generate in the technological process.
Hydroprocessing technique is to adopt hydrotreating catalyst, is that ideal composition or the small molecules hydro carbons of lubricating oil reaches the purpose that removes with undesirable components in the oil plant by hydrocracking.This method can obviously reduce the generation of low value-added product, yet for the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content that guarantees product meets the environment-friendly quality index, improve the severity of reaction conditions, cause the aromaticity content loss more, so that difficulty is produced high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil, so generally hydrotreatment and solvent treatment combination are used for producing high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil.
To sum up, prior art is raw material with the distillate, by the secondary solvent process for refining or with one-stage hydrogenation treatment combination technology, produce when satisfying the high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil that European Union environmental protection requires, produce a large amount of low value-added non-environmental protection and extract oil out.Adopt one-stage hydrogenation to handle and solvent-refined technology once, though reduced the low value-added yield of extracting oil out, can not produce high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil and preparation method thereof, the present invention is by the combination process of hydrotreatment-solvent treatment-hydrotreatment, it is high not only to produce aromatic hydrocarbons (aromatic carbon) content, satisfy the tyre rubber oil that European Union environmental protection requires, and no longer produce low value-added extraction oil.
The preparation method of a kind of high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil provided by the present invention comprises the steps:
(1) the cycloalkyl vacuum distillate obtains solvent pre-treatment oil through hydrotreatment;
(2) described solvent pre-treatment oil again through solvent treatment, obtains Extract at the bottom of refining Tata after the diluting solvent dilution, obtains extracting out oil through reclaiming solvent;
(3) described extraction oil is collected the cut that is higher than 380 ℃ then and is described high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil through hydrotreatment after distilling.
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, to be naphthenic base crude subtract three line distillates through what atmospheric and vacuum distillation obtained to described cycloalkyl vacuum distillate;
Measure with the GB/T510 method, the condensation point of described cycloalkyl vacuum distillate is less than 20 ℃, preferably less than 15 ℃, as-6 ℃;
Measure with the GB/T265 method, 100 ℃ of kinematic viscosity of described cycloalkyl vacuum distillate are greater than 18mm
2/ s is preferably greater than 20mm
2/ s is as 24.96mm
2/ s;
Measure the C of described cycloalkyl vacuum distillate with ASTM D2140 method
AValue is preferably greater than 18% greater than 15%, as 22.8%, and C wherein
AThe aromaticity content that value refers to.
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, in step (1) and the step (3), the hydrotreating catalyst of described hydrotreatment all can be the molybdenum-nickel type hydrogenation catalyst, tungsten-nickel type hydrogenation catalyst, molybdenum-cobalt type hydrogenation catalyst and/or molybdenum-tungsten-nickel type hydrogenation catalyst is as commercially available RL-1 catalyzer (China Petroleum ﹠ Chemical Corporation Research Institute of Petroleum), LH-23 catalyzer (standard catalyst company), CH-4 catalyzer (catalyzer Chang Ling branch office of Sinopec Group), CH-15 catalyzer (catalyzer Chang Ling branch office of Sinopec Group), FV-5 catalyzer (China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation Fushun Petrochemical Research Institute), FV-10(China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation Fushun Petrochemical Research Institute) etc.
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, in the step (1), the temperature of described hydrotreatment can be 270~370 ℃, and preferred 280~340 ℃, as 310 ℃, 315 ℃ or 320 ℃; Pressure can be 6~18MPa, and preferred 10~15MPa is as 15MPa;
Hydrogen to oil volume ratio can be 600~1500:1, and as 1000:1, described hydrogen to oil volume ratio refers to the volume ratio of hydrogen and described cycloalkyl vacuum distillate; Volume space velocity can be 0.2~1.5h
-1, as 0.5h
-1, 0.6h
-1Or 0.65h
-1
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, in the step (3), the temperature of described hydrotreatment can be 280~360 ℃, as 300 ℃~310 ℃, 300 ℃, 305 ℃ or 310 ℃; Pressure can be 8~15MPa, as 15MPa;
Hydrogen to oil volume ratio can be 600~1500:1, and preferred 800~1000:1 is as 1000:1; Volume space velocity can be 0.2~1.5h
-1, preferred 0.5~1.0h
-1, as 0.5h
-1Or 0.6h
-1
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, in the step (2), the used solvent of described diluting solvent and described solvent treatment all can be in furfural, phenol, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and the tetramethylene sulfone any.
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, in the step (2), the mass ratio of described diluting solvent and described solvent pre-treatment oil can be 0.05~0.25:1, and preferred 0.1~0.2:1 is as 0.1:1;
Agent-oil ratio in the described solvent treatment can be 2.0~3.5:1, preferred 2~3.0:1, and as 2.8:1 or 3.0:1, described agent-oil ratio refers to the volume ratio of the used solvent of described solvent treatment and described solvent pre-treatment oil.
Among the above-mentioned preparation method, in the step (2), in the described solvent treatment, the temperature of the cat head of described treating tower can be 90~140 ℃, and preferred 100~130 ℃, as 120 ℃, 128 ℃ or 130 ℃, temperature at the bottom of the tower can be 55~110 ℃, and preferred 60~95 ℃, as 88 ℃, 90 ℃ or 95 ℃.
The present invention also provides the high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil of being produced by aforesaid method, detects its PCA(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content with the method for IP346) less than 3%; With the methods analyst of ASTM D2140, its carbon type analysis C
AValue is greater than 20%; Methods analyst with GC-MS, its benzo [a] pyrene content<1mg/kg, and PAHs<10mg/kg(PAHs is benzo [a] pyrene, benzo [e] pyrene, benzo [a] anthracene, bend, the content of benzo [b] fluoranthene, benzo [j] fluoranthene, benzo [k] fluoranthene and hexichol [a, h] and 8 kinds of aromatic hydrocarbons of anthracene).
The present invention selects for use suitable hydrogenation to handle catalyzer, under the condition that relaxes relatively, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is carried out removing of part earlier, this has reduced the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons when guaranteeing higher aromaticity content, after passing through solvent treatment again, the high extraction oil of aromaticity content of having produced enrichment, extract this out oil and pass through hydrotreating catalyst, a large amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonss is removed, this method not only can produce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content less than 3% and aromaticity content be higher than 20% environment-friendly rubber oil, and no longer produce low value-added extraction oil.
The present invention also has following beneficial effect: the treated oil after the solvent treatment has that aromaticity content is low, saturated hydrocarbon content is high, and light-colored characteristics are naphthenic base oils of high-quality, are widely used; The high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil added value height of producing, thus the whole economic efficiency of cycloalkyl distillate significantly improved.
Embodiment
Employed experimental technique is ordinary method if no special instructions among the following embodiment.
Used material, reagent etc. if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels among the following embodiment.
The preparation of embodiment 1, high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil
(1) the three wire loop alkyl distillates that subtract with the full scale plant production of mink cell focus processing engineering technology research centre company limited of CNOOC (Qingdao) are raw material (stock oil character sees Table 1), (Mai Ruier experimental installation (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. produces to carry out the hydrotreatment experiment at the hydrotreatment pilot plant, model is the hydrogenation experimental installation, loaded catalyst is 200ml, new hydrogen once passes through), temperature of reaction is 320 ℃, and hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1000:1, and volume space velocity is 0.6h
-1, the hydrogen dividing potential drop is 15MPa, hydrotreating catalyst is the RL-1 catalyzer.
(2) the solvent pre-treatment oil that obtains is tested at the solvent treatment small testing device, and solvent for use is furfural, and the agent weight of oil is than being 3.0:1, and the dilution weight ratio is 0.1:1, and the treating tower tower top temperature is 130 ℃, and column bottom temperature is 95 ℃, and the extraction time is 50min; The treating tower bottom product is Extract, behind the recovery solvent, obtains extracting out oil, extracts the raw material of oil conduct hydrotreatment for the second time out; The treating tower overhead product is refined liquid, obtains treated oil behind the recovery solvent, and treated oil is as naphthenic base oils.
(3) the extraction oil that obtains carries out the hydrotreatment test at the hydrotreatment pilot plant, and (Mai Ruier experimental installation (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. produces, model is the hydrogenation experimental installation, loaded catalyst is 200ml, new hydrogen once passes through), temperature of reaction is 310 ℃, hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1000:1, and volume space velocity is 0.5h
-1, the hydrogen dividing potential drop is 15MPa, hydrotreating catalyst is the RL-1 catalyzer; The hydrotreatment oil that obtains is distilled, be environment-friendly rubber oil greater than 380 ℃ of cuts.
The performance perameter of the environment-friendly rubber oil that present embodiment is produced is as shown in table 2, by table 2 data as seen, and the C of environment-friendly rubber oil
AValue is 20.7%, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content is that 1.5%, PAHs content is 2.6mg/kg, and wherein benzo [a] pyrene content is 0.1mg/kg.
The preparation of embodiment 2, high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil
(1) identical among raw materials used oil and hydrotreater and the embodiment 1; Wherein hydrotreatment temperature of reaction is 310 ℃, and hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1000:1, and volume space velocity is 0.5h
-1, the hydrogen dividing potential drop is 15MPa, hydrotreating catalyst is the LH-23 catalyzer.
(2) identical among solvent for use and the embodiment 1; Wherein the agent weight of oil is than being 2.8:1, and the dilution weight ratio is 0.1:1, and the treating tower tower top temperature is 128 ℃, and column bottom temperature is 90 ℃, and the extraction time is 50min; The treating tower bottom product is Extract, behind the recovery solvent, obtains extracting out oil, extracts the raw material of oil conduct hydrotreatment for the second time out; The treating tower overhead product is refined liquid, obtains treated oil behind the recovery solvent, and treated oil is as naphthenic base oils.
(3) identical among used hydrotreater and the embodiment 1; Wherein, the hydrotreatment temperature is 300 ℃, and hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1000:1, and volume space velocity is 0.6h
-1, the hydrogen dividing potential drop is 15MPa, hydrotreating catalyst LH-23 catalyzer; The hydrotreatment oil that obtains is distilled, be environment-friendly rubber oil greater than 380 ℃ of cuts.
The performance perameter of the environment-friendly rubber oil that present embodiment is produced is as shown in table 2, by table 2 data as seen, and the C of environment-friendly rubber oil
AValue is 24.3%, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content is that 2.0%, PAHs content is 3.7mg/kg, and wherein benzo [a] pyrene content is 0.2mg/kg.
The preparation of embodiment 3, high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil
(1) identical among raw materials used oil, hydrotreater and hydrotreating catalyst and the embodiment 1; Wherein hydrotreatment temperature of reaction is 315 ℃, and hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1000:1, and volume space velocity is 0.65h
-1, the hydrogen dividing potential drop is 15MPa.
(2) identical among solvent for use and the embodiment 1; Wherein the agent weight of oil is than being 3.0:1, and the dilution weight ratio is 0.1:1, and the treating tower tower top temperature is 120 ℃, and column bottom temperature is 88 ℃, and the extraction time is 50min; The treating tower bottom product is Extract, behind the recovery solvent, obtains extracting out oil, extracts the raw material of oil conduct hydrotreatment for the second time out; The treating tower overhead product is refined liquid, obtains treated oil behind the recovery solvent, and treated oil is as naphthenic base oils.
(3) identical among used hydrotreater and hydrotreating catalyst and the embodiment 1; Wherein, the hydrotreatment temperature is 305 ℃, and hydrogen to oil volume ratio is 1000:1, and volume space velocity is 0.6h
-1, the hydrogen dividing potential drop is 15MPa, and the hydrotreatment oil that obtains is distilled, and is environment-friendly rubber oil greater than 380 ℃ of cuts.
The performance perameter of the environment-friendly rubber oil that present embodiment is produced is as shown in table 2, by table 2 data as seen, and the C of environment-friendly rubber oil
AValue is 26.8%, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content is that 2.3%, PAHs content is 4.9mg/kg, and wherein benzo [a] pyrene content is 0.5mg/kg.
Table 1 stock oil character
Raw material |
Suizhong 36-1 subtracts three line distillates |
Remarks |
Kinematic viscosity (100 ℃), mm
2/s
|
24.96 |
GB/T265 |
Condensation point, ℃ |
-6 |
GB/T510 |
Flash-point, ℃ |
238 |
GB/T3536 |
PCA,% |
10.6 |
IP346 |
The carbon type distributes, C
A,%
|
22.8 |
ASTM?D2140 |
The character of the operational condition of table 2 embodiment 1, enforcement 2 and embodiment 3 and the high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil that obtains
By above-described embodiment 1,2 and 3 as can be known, cycloalkyl is subtracted three line distillates, adopt the technology of the present invention, when obtaining the high-quality naphthenic base oils, produced C
AValue is 20.7%, 24.3% and 26.8% high-arene environment-friendly rubber oil, and compared with prior art, the product environment-friendly rubber oil of production has high C
AValue, namely better with the consistency of rubber oil, no longer produce low value-added extraction oil simultaneously, thereby improved whole economic efficiency.