CN103235759A - Method and device for generating test cases - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for generating test cases. The method includes the following steps: obtaining source codes of software to be tested; analyzing the source codes to generate a flow chart based on an interface; obtaining configuration files input by users, and the interface test cases are generated according to the flow chart based on the interface and the configuration files. The method for generating test cases can increase coverage rate, process various abnormal tests, and reduce liquid risks of products. The invention further discloses a device for generating test cases.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the software testing technology field, particularly a kind of method for generating test case and device.
Background technology
After software product ends and finishes, in order to ensure the function that to finish anticipated demand of software systems, need test software.Software test utilizes testing tool product to be carried out the test of function and performance according to testing scheme and flow process.Generally in test process, all need to write use-case, come the various use scenes of software and situation are tested by use-case, the correct and safe operation of safeguards system.Test case can also have some robotization use-cases to generate software by writing manually now, can help to reduce the manpower work, increases work efficiency.
Yet for baroque system, its interface function is more, and dependence is also more between interface.The design of the use-case of these base library at present also comparatively imperfect robotization use-case generate scheme.Base library for this type systematic is tested, if cover each interface function in the system, and reach certain branch's coverage rate, need pay a large amount of duplication of labour, the test case redundance of designing simultaneously is higher, concerns more complicated.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to solve at least one of technical matters that exists in the prior art.
For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of method for generating test case, and this method can increase coverage rate, can handle various abnormality tests, and reduces the quality risk of product.
Second purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of test case generating apparatus.
For achieving the above object, the embodiment of first aspect present invention has proposed a kind of method for generating test case, may further comprise the steps: the source code that obtains software under testing; Analyze described source code to generate the process flow diagram based on interface; Obtain the configuration file of user's input, and generate the interface testing use-case according to described process flow diagram based on interface and described configuration file.
According to the method for generating test case of the embodiment of the invention based on process flow diagram, automatically generate succinct understandable test case, can reduce the duplication of labour of test case design, function coverage rate and branch's coverage rate of test code have been improved, redundance is low, reduce the risk of system, be applicable to the simple base library of complication system and interface.
In one embodiment of the invention, the described source code of described analysis further comprises with the process flow diagram that generates based on interface: analyze described source code to obtain the Dot description document; Generate described process flow diagram based on interface according to described Dot description document.
In one embodiment of the invention, described process flow diagram based on interface comprises a plurality of interface nodes and each interface node corresponding parameters information, wherein, described interface node corresponding parameters information comprises the chained list of rreturn value structure, argument structure and sensing corresponding interface node.
In one embodiment of the invention, wherein, described configuration file comprises a plurality of interface functions and described a plurality of interface function corresponding parameters information respectively.
In one embodiment of the invention, described basis further comprises based on process flow diagram and the described configuration file generation interface testing use-case of interface: generate the automatic generic frame of test case according to described process flow diagram based on interface and described configuration file; Obtain the interface function of described user's appointment, and generate described interface testing use-case according to the interface function of the automatic generic frame of described test case, described user's appointment and described process flow diagram based on interface.
The embodiment of second aspect present invention has proposed a kind of test case generating apparatus, comprises acquisition module, analysis module and generation module.
Wherein, acquisition module is used for obtaining the source code of software under testing, and the configuration file that obtains user's input; Analysis module is used for analyzing described source code to generate the process flow diagram based on interface; Generation module is used for generating the interface testing use-case according to described process flow diagram based on interface and described configuration file.
According to the test case generating apparatus of the embodiment of the invention based on process flow diagram, automatically generate succinct understandable test case, can reduce the duplication of labour of test case design, function coverage rate and branch's coverage rate of test code have been improved, redundance is low, reduce the risk of system, be applicable to the simple base library of complication system and interface.
In one embodiment of the invention, described analysis module further comprises:
Analyze submodule, be used for analyzing described source code to obtain the Dot description document; And
Generate submodule, be used for generating described process flow diagram based on interface according to described Dot description document.
In one embodiment of the invention, described process flow diagram based on interface comprises a plurality of interface nodes and each interface node corresponding parameters information, wherein, described interface node corresponding parameters information comprises the chained list of rreturn value structure, argument structure and sensing corresponding interface node.
In one embodiment of the invention, wherein, described configuration file comprises a plurality of interface functions and described a plurality of interface function corresponding parameters information respectively.
In one embodiment of the invention, described generation module generates the automatic generic frame of test case according to described process flow diagram based on interface and described configuration file, and obtain the interface function of described user's appointment, and generate described interface testing use-case according to the interface function of the automatic generic frame of described test case, described user's appointment and described process flow diagram based on interface.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize by practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from obviously and easily understanding becoming the description of embodiment in conjunction with following accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram according to the method for generating test case of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the test case product process figure according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram based on interface according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the test case generic frame figure according to the embodiment of the invention; With
Fig. 5 is the structural representation according to the test case generating apparatus of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions from start to finish.Be exemplary below by the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings, only be used for explaining the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Below with reference to the method for generating test case of Fig. 1 description according to the embodiment of the invention, may further comprise the steps:
Step S110: the source code that obtains software under testing.
Step S120: analyze source code to generate the process flow diagram based on interface.
Wherein, analyzing source code further comprises with the process flow diagram that generates based on interface:
Step S121: analyze source code to obtain the Dot description document.
Step S122: according to the process flow diagram of Dot description document generation based on interface.
Wherein, comprise a plurality of interface nodes and each interface node corresponding parameters information based on the process flow diagram of interface, wherein, interface node corresponding parameters information comprises the chained list of rreturn value structure, argument structure and sensing corresponding interface node.
Step S130: obtain the configuration file of user's input, and generate the interface testing use-case according to process flow diagram and the configuration file based on interface.
Wherein, further comprise according to process flow diagram and configuration file generation interface testing use-case based on interface:
Step S131: generate the automatic generic frame of test case according to process flow diagram and configuration file based on interface.
Step S132: obtain the interface function of user's appointment, and generate the interface testing use-case according to the interface function of the automatic generic frame of test case, user's appointment and based on the process flow diagram of interface.
Configuration file comprises a plurality of interface functions and a plurality of interface function corresponding parameters information respectively.
Be that example is elaborated to treatment scheme of the present invention below with Fig. 2, be understandable that this explanation is not limited thereto according to embodiments of the invention only for illustrative purposes.Among Fig. 2, at first obtain the source code A of software under testing, analyze source code A, generate the process flow diagram B based on interface.The user writes test case and generates configuration file automatically, specifies the interface function C that needs test.According to generating interface testing use-case D based on the process flow diagram B of interface and the interface function C that specifies needs to test.The automatic generic frame of test case generates test case execution result F according to interface testing use-case D and user's input parameter data E.
Concrete steps are as follows, are understandable that, following execution flow process is not limited thereto according to embodiments of the invention only for illustrative purposes.
Step S210: the source code that obtains software under testing.
Step S220: analyze source code to generate the process flow diagram based on interface.
Analyzing source code needs the tester that the use of test library is had certain understanding, is familiar with the call flow of test library.The to be measured library call process flow diagram of Fig. 3 for using the dot picture description language to generate.Concrete generation step is as follows:
Step S221: analyze source code, write the Dot description document according to function test library call flow.Be down an example of Dot description document code:
Step S222: according to the Dot description document, use the life of Dot picture description language based on the process flow diagram of interface, represent library call flow process to be measured.Each node includes the structure of three need records among Fig. 3: the chained list of rreturn value structure, argument structure and sensing corresponding interface node.Wherein, the rreturn value structure is used for preserving the rreturn value type of this function, argument structure is used for preserving the input parameter output parameter, and the chained list that points to the corresponding interface node is used for the dependence of preservation corresponding interface node, comprises the supplemental characteristic that need inherit from other nodes.The load node is represented to load, and is corresponding with Load-＞Init in the program.The Init node points to SetFunc1 node, SetFunc2 node, SetFunc3 node and Run node respectively.SetFunc1 node, SetFunc2 node and SetFunc3 node are related successively, and finally all point to the Run node.The Run node points to the stop node at last.
Step S230: the user writes the file of the configuration information of each function, specifies the interface function that needs test.This configuration file has comprised the essential information of each function, comprises function name, function parameter tabulation, needs also in the essential information to determine whether parameter is input parameter or output parameter.If parameter is input parameter, determine that input parameter whether from the rreturn value of output parameter or the function of a last call function, if be output parameter, then defines output parameter by framework automatically.
Be a kind of form of configuration file below:
[@func]
# trial function name
Test_fun：Run
# trial function parameter
[.@Param]
The # type
Type：int
# input or output parameter, true represents input parameter, false represents output parameter
In_param：true
The # input parameter whether from a last function output parameter, perhaps rreturn value
From_func：true
[.@Param]
...
Step S240: generate the automatic generic frame of test case according to process flow diagram and configuration file based on interface.
Particularly, according to the configuration file of function call among the process flow diagram of interface among the step S220 and the step S230, generate the automatic generic frame of test case in conjunction with the configuration information of process flow diagram and function.The automatic generic frame of test case as shown in Figure 4.The automatic generic frame of test case receives specifies function 1 to be measured, according to the process flow diagram 2 of interface and the configuration file 3 of function call, generates the function test case 4 of various situations.
Step S250: obtain the interface function of user's appointment, according to the automatic generic frame of test case that step S240 generates, the interface function of user's appointment and generate the interface testing use-case based on the process flow diagram of interface.To each interface function design driver data, export according to the expection that obtains of input parameter.Configuration file according to the user generates test case.Implementation of test cases is judged whether interface to be measured is exported and is met expection, draws test result.
Particularly, in the process flow diagram based on interface, inquire corresponding node, relevant information according to nodes records, function node from the needs test, adopt the method for depth-first traversal, according to the data in the chained list that points to the corresponding interface node in each function, find out all possible this function calls flow process in the process flow diagram based on interface, generate corresponding test case for every kind of situation.Be example with the run function, according to the process flow diagram based on interface of run function, can generate following test case:
Load→Init→Run
Load→Init→SetFunc1→Run
Load→Init→SetFunc2→Run
Load→Init→SetFunc3→Run
Load→Init→SetFunc1→SetFunc2→Run
Load→Init→SetFunc1→SetFunc2→SetFunc3→Run
......
The above-mentioned possible implementation of run function of having enumerated for every kind of implementation, generates corresponding test case automatically.Whether the user specifies the input parameter of each function, can obtain expected result according to output parameter, correctly legal for rreturn value, output parameter that the operation of per step can discriminant function.
According to the method for generating test case of the embodiment of the invention, by generating the automatic generic frame of test case, according to user's configuration file generation interface testing use-case.Reduced the time of writing the repeated test use-case.The comprehensive possible execution flow process of coverage function can both design data to every kind of flow process, has improved test coverage, has reduced the risk of system bug.For RD or the QA of product, can test product period in exploitation, the quality problems of product were solved in the stage of exploitation, coding, reduce the cost that solves bug.
Below with reference to the test case generating apparatus 100 of Fig. 5 description according to the embodiment of the invention, comprise acquisition module 110, analysis module 120 and generation module 130.
Wherein, acquisition module 110 is used for obtaining the source code of software under testing, and the configuration file that obtains user's input; Analysis module 120 is used for analyzing source code to generate the process flow diagram based on interface; Generation module 130 is used for generating the interface testing use-case according to process flow diagram and configuration file based on interface.
Analysis module 120 further comprises to be analyzed submodule 121 and generates submodule 122.
Wherein, analyze submodule 121 and be used for analyzing source code to obtain the Dot description document;
Generating submodule 122 is used for according to the process flow diagram of Dot description document generation based on interface.
Process flow diagram based on interface comprises a plurality of interface nodes and each interface node corresponding parameters information, and wherein, interface node corresponding parameters information comprises the chained list of rreturn value structure, argument structure and sensing corresponding interface node.
Configuration file comprises a plurality of interface functions and a plurality of interface function corresponding parameters information respectively.
In one embodiment of the invention, generation module 130 generates the automatic generic frame of test case according to process flow diagram and the configuration file based on interface, and obtain the interface function of user's appointment, and generate the interface testing use-case according to the interface function of the automatic generic frame of test case, user's appointment and based on the process flow diagram of interface.
Being example below with Fig. 2 is elaborated to the treatment scheme of this device, is understandable that this explanation is not limited thereto according to embodiments of the invention only for illustrative purposes.Among Fig. 2, at first obtain the source code A of software under testing, analyze source code A, generate the process flow diagram B based on interface.The user writes test case and generates configuration file automatically, specifies the interface function C that needs test.According to generating interface testing use-case D based on the process flow diagram B of interface and the interface function C that specifies needs to test.The automatic generic frame of test case generates test case execution result F according to interface testing use-case D and user's input parameter data E.
It is as follows that this installs concrete treatment step, is understandable that, following execution flow process is not limited thereto according to embodiments of the invention only for illustrative purposes.
Analysis module 120 is analyzed source code to generate the process flow diagram based on interface.Analyzing source code needs the tester that the use of test library is had certain understanding, is familiar with the call flow of test library.The process flow diagram based on interface of Fig. 3 for using the dot picture description language to generate is based on the flowcharting of interface library call flow process to be measured.
The concrete generation comprises: analyze submodule 121 and analyze source code, write the Dot description document according to function test library call flow.Be down an example of Dot description document code:
Generate submodule 122 according to the Dot description document, use the life of Dot picture description language based on the process flow diagram of interface, based on the flowcharting of interface library call flow process to be measured.Each node includes the structure of three need records among Fig. 3: the chained list of rreturn value structure, argument structure and sensing corresponding interface node.Wherein, the rreturn value structure is used for preserving the rreturn value type of this function, argument structure is used for preserving the input parameter output parameter, and the chained list that points to the corresponding interface node is used for the dependence of preservation corresponding interface node, comprises the supplemental characteristic that need inherit from other nodes.The load node is represented to load, and is corresponding with Load-＞Init in the program.The Init node points to SetFunc1 node, SetFunc2 node, SetFunc3 node and Run node respectively.SetFunc1 node, SetFunc2 node and SetFunc3 node are related successively, and finally all point to the Run node.The Run node points to the stop node at last.
Be a kind of form of configuration file below:
[@func]
# trial function name
Test_fun：Run
# trial function parameter
[.@Param]
The # type
Type：int
# input or output parameter, true represents input parameter, false represents output parameter
In_param：true
The # input parameter whether from a last function output parameter, perhaps rreturn value
From_func：true
[.@Param]
...
Generation module 130 generates the automatic generic frame of test case according to process flow diagram and the configuration file based on interface.
Particularly, the configuration file of the function call that generation module 130 obtains according to process flow diagram and the acquisition module 110 of interface in the analysis module 120, generation module 130 generates the automatic generic frame of test case in conjunction with the configuration information of process flow diagram and function.The automatic generic frame of test case as shown in Figure 4.The automatic generic frame of test case receives specifies function 1 to be measured, according to the process flow diagram 2 of interface and the configuration file 3 of function call, generates the function test case 4 of various situations.
Generation module 130 obtains the interface function of user's appointment, according to the automatic generic frame of test case that generates, and the interface function of user's appointment and generate the interface testing use-case based on the process flow diagram of interface.To each interface function design driver data, export according to the expection that obtains of input parameter.Configuration file according to the user generates test case.Implementation of test cases is judged whether interface to be measured is exported and is met expection, draws test result.
Particularly, generation module 130 inquires corresponding node in the process flow diagram based on interface, relevant information according to nodes records, function node from the needs test, adopt the method for depth-first traversal, according to the data in the chained list that points to the corresponding interface node in each function, find out all possible this function calls flow process in the process flow diagram based on interface, generate corresponding test case for every kind of situation.Be example with the run function, according to the process flow diagram based on interface of run function, generation module 130 can generate following test case:
Load→Init→Run
Load→Init→SetFunc1→Run
Load→Init→SetFunc2→Run
Load→Init→SetFunc3→Run
Load→Init→SetFunc1→SetFunc2→Run
Load→Init→SetFunc1→SetFunc2→SetFunc3→Run
......
The above-mentioned possible implementation of run function of having enumerated for every kind of implementation, generates corresponding test case automatically.Whether the user specifies the input parameter of each function, can obtain expected result according to output parameter, correctly legal for rreturn value, output parameter that the operation of per step can discriminant function.
According to the test case generating apparatus of the embodiment of the invention, by generating the automatic generic frame of test case, according to user's configuration file generation test case.Reduced the time of writing the repeated test use-case.The comprehensive possible execution flow process of coverage function can both design data to every kind of flow process, has improved test coverage, has reduced the risk of system bug.For RD or the QA of product, can test product period in exploitation, the quality problems of product were solved in the stage of exploitation, coding, reduce the cost that solves bug.
In the description of this instructions, concrete feature, structure, material or characteristics that the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means in conjunction with this embodiment or example description are contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete feature, structure, material or the characteristics of description can be with the suitable manner combination in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention, for the ordinary skill in the art, be appreciated that without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention and can carry out multiple variation, modification, replacement and modification to these embodiment that scope of the present invention is by claims and be equal to and limit.
Claims (10)
1. a method for generating test case is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
Obtain the source code of software under testing;
Analyze described source code to generate the process flow diagram based on interface; And
Obtain the configuration file of user's input, and generate the interface testing use-case according to described process flow diagram based on interface and described configuration file.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, the described source code of described analysis further comprises with the process flow diagram that generates based on interface:
Analyze described source code to obtain the Dot description document; And
Generate described process flow diagram based on interface according to described Dot description document.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described process flow diagram based on interface comprises a plurality of interface nodes and each interface node corresponding parameters information, wherein, described interface node corresponding parameters information comprises the chained list of rreturn value structure, argument structure and sensing corresponding interface node.
4. as each described method of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that wherein, described configuration file comprises a plurality of interface functions and described a plurality of interface function corresponding parameters information respectively.
5. method as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, described basis further comprises based on process flow diagram and the described configuration file generation interface testing use-case of interface:
Generate the automatic generic frame of test case according to described process flow diagram based on interface and described configuration file; And
Obtain the interface function of described user's appointment, and generate described interface testing use-case according to the interface function of the automatic generic frame of described test case, described user's appointment and described process flow diagram based on interface.
6. a test case generating apparatus is characterized in that, comprising:
Acquisition module is used for obtaining the source code of software under testing, and the configuration file that obtains user's input;
Analysis module is used for analyzing described source code to generate the process flow diagram based on interface; And
Generation module is used for generating the interface testing use-case according to described process flow diagram based on interface and described configuration file.
7. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described analysis module further comprises:
Analyze submodule, be used for analyzing described source code to obtain the Dot description document; And
Generate submodule, be used for generating described process flow diagram based on interface according to described Dot description document.
8. device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, described process flow diagram based on interface comprises a plurality of interface nodes and each interface node corresponding parameters information, wherein, described interface node corresponding parameters information comprises the chained list of rreturn value structure, argument structure and sensing corresponding interface node.
9. device as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, wherein, described configuration file comprises a plurality of interface functions and described a plurality of interface function corresponding parameters information respectively.
10. device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, described generation module generates the automatic generic frame of test case according to described process flow diagram based on interface and described configuration file, and obtain the interface function of described user's appointment, and generate described interface testing use-case according to the interface function of the automatic generic frame of described test case, described user's appointment and described process flow diagram based on interface.
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