CN103235040B - A kind of ultrasonic listening system and method that can improve ultrasonic wave detection precision - Google Patents
A kind of ultrasonic listening system and method that can improve ultrasonic wave detection precision Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic listening system and method that can improve ultrasonic wave detection precision, it is characterized in that: it comprises the ultrasonic listening system be made up of polystage amplifier, detecting circuit, DA output circuit, microcontroller and transducer; Microcontroller sends the pulse signal of certain frequency, drives transducers transmit ultrasonic waves; Ultrasound wave is after barrier reflection, and ultrasonic echo signal is received by the input end of polystage amplifier, after multistage amplifier circuit amplifies, input detecting circuit, then carries out through detecting circuit the test side flowing to microcontroller after filtering, maintenance; DA output circuit makes comparison end generation reference voltage of microcontroller, and the voltage of ultrasonic echo signal and reference voltage compare by microcontroller, when the magnitude of voltage of ultrasonic echo signal is more than or equal to reference voltage, and microcontroller interrupt timing.The present invention can significantly improve the detection accuracy of ultrasonic listening system under the various complex environment of drainage pipeline, in the uneven situation of inner-walls of duct.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrasonic listening system and method, particularly about a kind of ultrasonic listening system and method that can significantly improve ultrasonic wave detection precision under test environment is the enclosed environment situations such as drainage pipeline.
Background technology
Because city is while fast development, the supporting infrastructure in some and city does not but catch up with the speed of urban development, such as when the inclement weathers such as heavy rain come, often there is serious waterlogging in some big cities, rainwater fails to infiltrate in inspection shaft in time, this had wherein both comprised the inspection well cover lazy weight of urban pavement, also may be because urban pavement hardenability value is too high.Because slowly underground water can be pooled to after rainwater falls into natural soil, then enter urban river, but if hard surface (bituminous road, cement road), rainwater will permeate the ground in water in face impenetrably, can only drainage pipeline be entered, if got rid of not in time, a large amount of ponding will be caused.
Therefore, block to reduce all kinds of drainage pipeline, deposit and reveal, necessary with maintenance to the periodic detection of drainage pipeline.At present, commonplace by cartborne ultrasound ripple detection system, but detection accuracy is undesirable, mainly because probe vehicles walking does not steadily cause ultrasonic probe angle to change, if the tangent line out of plumb at the direction of propagation of ultrasonic listening signal and tested pipeline position, will make to transmit and not overlap with the travel path of echoed signal, cause ultrasonic probe can only receive faint echoed signal and can not effectively identify and record.Moreover drainage pipeline inside such as the drifts such as mud plastics have certain suction ripple effect that echoed signal can be caused fainter.Ultrasonic listening system detection accuracy when above several situation work is very undesirable.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, object of the present invention provides a kind of ultrasonic listening system and method that can significantly improve ultrasonic wave detection precision under test environment is the enclosed environment situations such as drainage pipeline.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of ultrasonic listening system that can improve ultrasonic wave detection precision, is characterized in that: it comprises the ultrasonic listening system be made up of polystage amplifier, detecting circuit, DA output circuit, microcontroller and transducer; Described microcontroller sends the pulse signal of certain frequency, drives described transducers transmit ultrasonic waves; Described ultrasound wave is after barrier reflection, ultrasonic echo signal is received by the input end of described polystage amplifier, after described multistage amplifier circuit amplifies, input described detecting circuit, then carry out through described detecting circuit the test side flowing to described microcontroller after filtering, maintenance; Described DA output circuit makes comparison end generation reference voltage of described microcontroller, the voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal and described reference voltage compare by described microcontroller, when the magnitude of voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal is more than or equal to described reference voltage, described microcontroller interrupt timing.
Described multistage amplifier circuit comprises echoed signal path, dividing potential drop amplifying circuit and multiplexer; Described echoed signal path comprises resistance R1, stabilivolt D1 and D2, electric capacity C1 and C2, wherein said resistance R1, electric capacity C1 and C2 sequential series successively, and the effect of described electric capacity C1 and C2 is the ultrasonic echo signal retaining target frequency, filters noise signal; Positive and negative the exchanging of described stabilivolt D1 and D2 is connected in parallel between described resistance R1 and electric capacity C1, and object is to remove positive negative peak in order to avoid the overtension affecting ultrasonic echo signal damages detection device below; Described dividing potential drop amplifying circuit comprises resistance R2, resistance R3 and R4, electric capacity C3, wherein said resistance R3 mono-termination power, the other end is connected with described resistance R2 and R3 respectively, and receives described echoed signal path by described resistance R2, ground connection after described resistance R4 and electric capacity C3 parallel connection; Meanwhile, the other end of described resistance R3 is also in parallel with the outer meeting resistance of described multiplexer forms bleeder circuit; Four tributary circuits S1, S2, S3, S4 of described multiplexer meet described outer meeting resistance R5, R6, R7, R8 respectively; The drain D of described multiplexer connects the S point of described echoed signal path, address strobe end A0, A1, A2 of described multiplexer connect P3.5, P3.4, P3.3 mouth of described microcontroller respectively, select address to carry out gating tributary circuit by described microcontroller.
Other four tributary circuits S5, S6, S7, S8 of described multiplexer meet pull down resistor R9 jointly, its effect be keep low level and and other tributary circuits isolate using as subsequent use; The EN termination pull-up resistor R14 of described multiplexer, always its effect EN is held keep high level; The GND end of described multiplexer and vdd terminal meet electric capacity C4, and its effect makes the voltage of vdd terminal keep stable.
Described detecting circuit comprises diode D7, electric capacity C23, resistance R10, stabilivolt D8, the anode of wherein said diode D7 is connected with the electric capacity C2 end of described multistage amplifier circuit, and negative electrode is connected the test side of described microcontroller afterwards with described electric capacity C23, resistance R10 and stabilivolt D8 parallel connection; The effect of described diode D7 is the voltage negative value part of the ultrasonic echo signal filtered after described multistage amplifier circuit amplifies, the effect of described electric capacity C23 is secondary filtering, the effect of described resistance R10 and stabilivolt D8 is the test side inputting described microcontroller after making the voltage positive portions of ultrasonic echo signal retain a period of time, so that described microcontroller identification.
Described DA output circuit comprises resistance R11 and electric capacity C22 in parallel with it, the comparison end of described microcontroller received by described DA output circuit, object is the comparison end generation reference voltage making described microcontroller, and compare with the voltage of the ultrasonic echo signal of the test side of described microcontroller, to determine whether described microcontroller extracts interruption.
Described microcontroller comprises 8051F360 single-chip microcomputer and the single-chip microcomputer Internal Control Procedure of the production of silicon company, and there is a comparer described single-chip microcomputer inside, and described comparer has P2.3/2.0 mouth and P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth two ports; Described single-chip microcomputer inside also has an electric current register, and decide the size of output current by arranging different values, output current makes the P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth of described single-chip microcomputer produce a reference voltage through described DA output circuit; Described ultrasonic echo signal is after treatment inputted the P2.3/2.0 mouth of described single-chip microcomputer by described detecting circuit, and compares with the reference voltage that the P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth of described single-chip microcomputer produces; When the voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal is more than or equal to described reference voltage, the timer interruption timing in described single-chip microcomputer.
Described single-chip microcomputer Internal Control Procedure is a kind of algorithm, its concrete steps performed are: (1) described ultrasonic echo signal is through described polystage amplifier, after described detecting circuit process, flow to the P2.3/2.0 mouth of described single-chip microcomputer, when the voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal does not reach described reference voltage value, described reference voltage declines, the tributary circuit S1 of multiplexer described in gating; (2) after described reference voltage drops to certain value, if described single-chip microcomputer does not also extract interruption, then the tributary circuit S2 of multiplexer described in gating, if the voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal reaches described reference voltage value, described singlechip interruption timing, distance detects complete; (3) if described single-chip microcomputer does not extract interruption always, described single-chip microcomputer 4 can from gating tributary circuit S1 until tributary circuit S4, and during every gating tributary circuit, described reference voltage can constantly decline, drop to certain value, this value is the extreme value of undesired signal voltage always; (4) if described single-chip microcomputer does not detect described ultrasonic echo signal always, then this signal does not collect, and carries out signal next time and launches, gathers.
The ultrasonic detection method adopting above-mentioned ultrasonic listening system to carry out, is characterized in that: described microprocessor sends the pulse signal of certain frequency, drives described transducers transmit ultrasonic waves; Described ultrasound wave is after barrier reflection, ultrasonic echo signal is received by the input end of described polystage amplifier, after described multistage amplifier circuit amplifies, input described detecting circuit, then carry out through described detecting circuit the test side flowing to described microprocessor after filtering, maintenance; Described DA output circuit makes comparison end generation reference voltage of described microprocessor, the voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal and described reference voltage compare by described microprocessor, when the magnitude of voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal is more than or equal to described reference voltage, described microprocessor interrupt timing, finally calculates the distance of ultrasonic transmission.
Hyperacoustic transmission range is calculated by formula S=Vt, wherein S is the distance of ultrasonic transmission, V is the velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave in water, and t is the mistiming that the timer of described single-chip microcomputer starts timer interruption timing when timing receives described ultrasonic echo signal to described single-chip microcomputer first time.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention adopts single-chip microcomputer to control the gating of the tributary circuit of reference voltage decline and multiplexer respectively, make ultrasonic echo signal while amplification, the reference voltage that the test side of single-chip microcomputer produces constantly changes the ultrasonic echo signal deacclimatized through amplifying, voltage amplification factor often strengthens one-level, reference voltage all progressively reduces Automatic-searching ultrasonic echo signal, which achieves ultrasonic echo signal and reference voltage is two-way close, be convenient to monolithic function and receive ultrasonic echo signal to greatest extent, extract and interrupt, thus ensure that ultrasonic listening system is under the various complex environment of drainage pipeline, detection accuracy in the uneven situation of inner-walls of duct.2, the present invention is provided with multistage amplifier circuit by before detecting circuit, multistage amplifier circuit decides the enlargement factor of ultrasonic echo signal by Single-chip Controlling gating tributary circuit, and ultrasonic echo signal can also be extracted interruption by single-chip microcomputer identification more accurately and be unlikely to damage other devices after different multiples amplifies.3, the effect of echoed signal path of the present invention owing to adopting the electric capacity of different capacitance to achieve bandpass filtering, namely only retains the signal close with ultrasonic signal frequency, and filters the undesired signals such as the noise of other frequencies.4, the present invention is connected with the test side of single-chip microcomputer owing to adopting detecting circuit, diode in detecting circuit and stabilivolt can filter the negative loop of ultrasonic echo signal, and make the positive portions of ultrasonic echo signal retain a period of time, even if the round and smooth ultrasonic echo signal of continuous print becomes approximate square waves signal, be convenient to microprocessor detect signal and extract interruption.5, the present invention is connected with the comparison end of single-chip microcomputer owing to adopting inspection DA output circuit, DA output circuit can make comparison end generation reference voltage of single-chip microcomputer, and the voltage of the ultrasonic echo signal of detecting circuit input is exactly compare with this reference voltage to decide single-chip microcomputer and whether extract interruption.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is one-piece construction schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is multistage amplifier circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is detecting circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is DA output circuit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is single-chip microcomputer schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, ultrasonic listening system of the present invention comprises multistage amplifier circuit 1, detecting circuit 2, DA output circuit 3, single-chip microcomputer 4 and transducer 5.
As shown in Figure 2, multistage amplifier circuit 1 comprises echoed signal path, dividing potential drop amplifying circuit and multiplexer.Echoed signal path comprises 2K resistance R1,3V stabilivolt D1 and D2,0.1 F capacitor C1,750 pf capacitance value C2, wherein resistance R1, electric capacity C1 and electric capacity C2 sequential series successively, the effect of electric capacity C1, C2 is the ultrasonic echo signal retaining target frequency, filters noise signal; Positive and negative the exchanging of stabilivolt D1, D2 is connected in parallel between resistance R1 and electric capacity C1, and object is to remove positive negative peak in order to avoid the overtension affecting ultrasonic echo signal damages detection device below.Echoed signal path is for voltage signal institute during ultrasonic listening system acceptance ultrasonic echo signal is through path, and have the function of bandpass filtering, ultrasonic echo signal can filter a part of undesired signal through echoed signal path.
Dividing potential drop amplifying circuit comprises 5K resistance R2,10K resistance R3 and R4,10 F capacitor C3, wherein resistance R3 mono-termination power, and the other end is connected with resistance R2, R3 respectively, and receives echoed signal path by resistance R2, ground connection after resistance R4 and electric capacity C3 parallel connection.Meanwhile, the other end of resistance R3 is also in parallel with the outer meeting resistance of multiplexer forms bleeder circuit, along with the change of outer meeting resistance in parallel, ultrasonic echo signal amplitude is changed, reaches the object of amplification.
The model of multiplexer is ADG807BRU, and four tributary circuits S1, S2, S3, S4 of multiplexer meet outer meeting resistance R5, R6, R7, R8 respectively, and its resistance is respectively 100 Europe, 470 Europe, 1K Europe, 5K Europe.The drain D of multiplexer takes back the S point of ripple signal path, and address strobe end A0, A1, A2 of multiplexer connect P3.5, P3.4, P3.3 mouth of single-chip microcomputer 4 respectively, select address to carry out gating tributary circuit by single-chip microcomputer 4.Other four tributary circuits S5, S6, S7, S8 of multiplexer meet 20K pull down resistor R9 jointly, with keep low level and and other tributary circuits isolate, single-chip microcomputer 4 is actual gating tributary circuit S1, S2, S3, S4 operationally, and tributary circuit S5, S6, S7, S8 are as subsequent use.The EN termination 5K pull-up resistor R14 of multiplexer, always its effect the EN of multiplexer is held keep high level.The GND end of multiplexer and vdd terminal meet 0.1 F capacitor C4, and its effect makes the voltage of vdd terminal keep stable.
As shown in Figure 3, detecting circuit 2 comprises 1N4148 diode D7,12 pf capacitance value C23,1M resistance R10, stabilivolt D8, wherein the anode of diode D7 is connected with the electric capacity C2 end of multistage amplifier circuit, and negative electrode is connected the P2.3/2.0 mouth of single-chip microcomputer 4 afterwards with electric capacity C23, resistance R10 and stabilivolt D8 parallel connection.The effect of diode D7 is the voltage negative value part of the ultrasonic echo signal filtered after multistage amplifier circuit 1 amplifies, the effect of electric capacity C23 is secondary filtering, the effect of resistance R10 and stabilivolt D8 is the P2.3/2.0 mouth inputting single-chip microcomputer 4 after making the voltage positive portions of ultrasonic echo signal retain a period of time, so that single-chip microcomputer 4 identifies.
As shown in Figure 4, DA output circuit 3 comprises 1K resistance R11 and 33 pf capacitance value C22 in parallel with it, the P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth of single-chip microcomputer 4 received by DA output circuit, object is for making the P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth of single-chip microcomputer 4 produce certain voltage, this voltage is the reference voltage of single-chip microcomputer 4, and the voltage of the ultrasonic echo signal that detecting circuit 2 inputs is exactly compare with this reference voltage to decide single-chip microcomputer 4 and whether extract interruption.
As shown in Figure 5, single-chip microcomputer 4 comprises 8051F360 single-chip microcomputer and the single-chip microcomputer Internal Control Procedure of the production of silicon company, during ultrasonic listening system starts, is sent the pulse signal of certain frequency by single-chip microcomputer 4, drives transducer 5 to launch ultrasound wave.Ultrasound wave is after inner-walls of duct reflection, and ultrasonic echo signal is received by the input end of polystage amplifier 1, inputs detecting circuit 2, then carry out filtering, maintenance through detecting circuit 2 after multistage amplifier circuit 1 amplifies.There is an electric current register single-chip microcomputer 4 inside, decides the size of output current by arranging different values, and output current makes the P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth of single-chip microcomputer 4 produce certain voltage (i.e. reference voltage) through DA output circuit 3.Single-chip microcomputer 4 inside also has a comparer, this comparer has test side (i.e. P2.3/2.0 mouth) and compares end (i.e. P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth) two ports, detecting circuit 2 by the test side of ultrasonic echo signal input single-chip microcomputer 4 after treatment, and compares with the reference voltage that end produces that compares of single-chip microcomputer 4.When the voltage of ultrasonic echo signal is more than or equal to reference voltage, the timer interruption timing in single-chip microcomputer 4, calculates the distance of ultrasonic transmission finally by formula S=Vt.Wherein S is the distance of ultrasonic transmission, and V is the velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave in water, and t is the mistiming that the timer of single-chip microcomputer 4 starts timer interruption timing when timing receives ultrasonic echo signal to single-chip microcomputer 4 first time.In fact, in hyperacoustic transmitting-receiving process, the value of S is 2 times that transducer 5 arrives obstacle distance, so real ultrasonic ranging distance is S/2.
Single-chip microcomputer Internal Control Procedure is a kind of algorithm, and specific procedure is as follows:
Program the first row Switch statement object is which tributary circuit judging gating multiplexer, and the value of mux represents S1 to S4 from 0 to 3.Program fourth line is multiplexer address strobe statement, and this can start the definition of macro definition place in program, and here replace with ADDRESS0, implication is gating multiplexer first tributary circuit, namely gating multiplexer S1 path.Fifth line is Delay () function, because ultrasonic listening has the dead band of certain scope, so need time delay a period of time to receive ultrasonic echo signal again.The value of the electric current register of the P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth generation current of program the 6th row std_current control single chip computer 4, the size of the value of electric current register determines the size of the output current of single-chip microcomputer, current value under the reference voltage that ratio is single-chip microcomputer 4 corresponding to tone pitch, because the P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth of single-chip microcomputer 4 connects DA output circuit 3, therefore P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth externally shows as magnitude of voltage.The implication of program the 7th row be represent in electric current register the value of output current size reduce at every turn after all assignment to electric current register make its show as magnitude of voltage decline.Program the 8th row implication is for after output current is reduced to certain value, and full value composed again by electric current register, controls multiplexer gating next grade of enlargement factor.If choose S4 always, single-chip microcomputer 4 is gating from S1 again.Program also comprises case1, case2, case3, but itself and case0 are basically identical, here will not enumerate.
The concrete steps that single-chip microcomputer Internal Control Procedure performs are: (1) ultrasonic echo signal is through polystage amplifier 1, after detecting circuit 2 processes, flow to the P2.3/2.0 mouth of single-chip microcomputer 4, when the voltage of ultrasonic echo signal does not reach reference voltage value, reference voltage declines, the tributary circuit S1 of gating multiplexer.(2) after reference voltage drops to certain value, if single-chip microcomputer 4 does not also extract interruption, then the tributary circuit S2 of gating multiplexer, if the voltage of ultrasonic echo signal reaches reference voltage value, single-chip microcomputer 4 interrupts timing, and distance detects complete.(3) if single-chip microcomputer 4 does not extract interruption always, single-chip microcomputer 4 can from gating tributary circuit S1 until tributary circuit S4, and during every gating tributary circuit, reference voltage can constantly decline, drop to certain value, this value is the extreme value of undesired signal voltage always.(4) if single-chip microcomputer 4 does not detect ultrasonic echo signal always, so this signal does not collect, and carries out signal next time and launches, gathers.
In the various embodiments described above, multistage amplifier circuit 1 and single-chip microcomputer Internal Control Procedure are the core contents improving ultrasonic wave detection precision, they make ultrasonic echo signal reference voltage while amplification progressively reduce, the reference voltage achieving the voltage of ultrasonic echo signal and single-chip microcomputer 4 is simultaneously two-way close, be convenient to single-chip microcomputer 4 to receive ultrasonic echo signal to greatest extent, extract and interrupt, complete measurement.
The present invention is only described with above-described embodiment; the structure of each parts, setting position and connection thereof all can change to some extent; on the basis of technical solution of the present invention; all improvement of carrying out individual part according to the principle of the invention and equivalents, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. can improve a ultrasonic listening system for ultrasonic wave detection precision, it is characterized in that: it comprises the ultrasonic listening system be made up of multistage amplifier circuit, detecting circuit, DA output circuit, microcontroller and transducer; Described microcontroller sends the pulse signal of certain frequency, drives described transducers transmit ultrasonic waves; Described ultrasound wave is after barrier reflection, ultrasonic echo signal is received by the input end of described multistage amplifier circuit, after described multistage amplifier circuit amplifies, input described detecting circuit, then carry out through described detecting circuit the test side flowing to described microcontroller after filtering, maintenance; Described DA output circuit makes comparison end generation reference voltage of described microcontroller, the voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal and described reference voltage compare by described microcontroller, when the magnitude of voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal is more than or equal to described reference voltage, described microcontroller interrupt timing;
Described multistage amplifier circuit comprises echoed signal path, dividing potential drop amplifying circuit and multiplexer; Described echoed signal path comprises resistance R1, stabilivolt D1 and D2, electric capacity C1 and C2, wherein said resistance R1, electric capacity C1 and C2 sequential series successively, and the effect of described electric capacity C1 and C2 is the ultrasonic echo signal retaining target frequency, filters noise signal; Positive and negative the exchanging of described stabilivolt D1 and D2 is connected in parallel between described resistance R1 and electric capacity C1, and object is to remove positive negative peak in order to avoid the overtension affecting ultrasonic echo signal damages detection device below;
Described dividing potential drop amplifying circuit comprises resistance R2, resistance R3 and R4, electric capacity C3, wherein said resistance R3 mono-termination power, the other end is connected with described resistance R2 and R4 respectively, and receives described echoed signal path by described resistance R2, ground connection after described resistance R4 and electric capacity C3 parallel connection; Meanwhile, the other end of described resistance R3 is also in parallel with the outer meeting resistance of described multiplexer forms bleeder circuit;
Four tributary circuits S1, S2, S3, S4 of described multiplexer meet described outer meeting resistance R5, R6, R7, R8 respectively; The drain D of described multiplexer connects the S point of described echoed signal path, address strobe end A0, A1, A2 of described multiplexer connect P3.5, P3.4, P3.3 mouth of described microcontroller respectively, select address to carry out gating tributary circuit by described microcontroller.
2. a kind of ultrasonic listening system that can improve ultrasonic wave detection precision as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: other four tributary circuits S5, S6, S7, S8 of described multiplexer meet pull down resistor R9 jointly, its effect be keep low level and and other tributary circuits isolate using as subsequent use; The EN termination pull-up resistor R14 of described multiplexer, always its effect EN is held keep high level; The GND end of described multiplexer and vdd terminal meet electric capacity C4, and its effect makes the voltage of vdd terminal keep stable.
3. a kind of ultrasonic listening system that can improve ultrasonic wave detection precision as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described detecting circuit comprises diode D7, electric capacity C23, resistance R10, stabilivolt D8, the anode of wherein said diode D7 is connected with the electric capacity C2 end of described multistage amplifier circuit, and negative electrode is connected the test side of described microcontroller afterwards with described electric capacity C23, resistance R10 and stabilivolt D8 parallel connection; The effect of described diode D7 is the voltage negative value part of the ultrasonic echo signal filtered after described multistage amplifier circuit amplifies, the effect of described electric capacity C23 is secondary filtering, the effect of described resistance R10 and stabilivolt D8 is the test side inputting described microcontroller after making the voltage positive portions of ultrasonic echo signal retain a period of time, so that described microcontroller identification.
4. a kind of ultrasonic listening system that can improve ultrasonic wave detection precision as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described DA output circuit comprises resistance R11 and electric capacity C22 in parallel with it, the comparison end of described microcontroller received by described DA output circuit, object is the comparison end generation reference voltage making described microcontroller, and compare with the voltage of the ultrasonic echo signal of the test side of described microcontroller, to determine whether described microcontroller extracts interruption.
5. a kind of ultrasonic listening system that can improve ultrasonic wave detection precision as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: described microcontroller comprises 8051F360 single-chip microcomputer and the single-chip microcomputer Internal Control Procedure of the production of silicon company, there is a comparer described single-chip microcomputer inside, and described comparer has P2.3/2.0 mouth and P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth two ports; Described single-chip microcomputer inside also has an electric current register, and decide the size of output current by arranging different values, output current makes the P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth of described single-chip microcomputer produce a reference voltage through described DA output circuit; Described ultrasonic echo signal is after treatment inputted the P2.3/2.0 mouth of described single-chip microcomputer by described detecting circuit, and compares with the reference voltage that the P2.1/0.4/2.4 mouth of described single-chip microcomputer produces; When the voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal is more than or equal to described reference voltage, the timer interruption timing in described single-chip microcomputer.
6. a kind of ultrasonic listening system that can improve ultrasonic wave detection precision as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described single-chip microcomputer Internal Control Procedure is a kind of algorithm, its concrete steps performed are: (1) described ultrasonic echo signal is through described multistage amplifier circuit, after described detecting circuit process, flow to the P2.3/2.0 mouth of described single-chip microcomputer, when the voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal does not reach described reference voltage value, described reference voltage declines, the tributary circuit S1 of multiplexer described in gating; (2) after described reference voltage drops to certain value, if described single-chip microcomputer does not also extract interruption, the then tributary circuit S2 of multiplexer described in gating, if the voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal reaches described reference voltage value, described singlechip interruption timing, distance detects complete; (3) if described single-chip microcomputer does not extract interruption always, described single-chip microcomputer 4 can from gating tributary circuit S1 until tributary circuit S4, and during every gating tributary circuit, described reference voltage can constantly decline, drop to certain value, this value is the extreme value of undesired signal voltage always; (4) if described single-chip microcomputer does not detect described ultrasonic echo signal always, then this signal does not collect, and carries out signal next time and launches, gathers.
7. adopt the ultrasonic detection method that ultrasonic listening system is carried out as described in any one of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described microcontroller sends the pulse signal of certain frequency, drive described transducers transmit ultrasonic waves; Described ultrasound wave is after barrier reflection, ultrasonic echo signal is received by the input end of described multistage amplifier circuit, after described multistage amplifier circuit amplifies, input described detecting circuit, then carry out through described detecting circuit the test side flowing to described microcontroller after filtering, maintenance; Described DA output circuit makes comparison end generation reference voltage of described microcontroller, the voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal and described reference voltage compare by described microcontroller, when the magnitude of voltage of described ultrasonic echo signal is more than or equal to described reference voltage, described microcontroller interrupt timing, finally calculates the distance of ultrasonic transmission.
8. ultrasonic detection method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: hyperacoustic transmission range is calculated by formula S=Vt, wherein S is the distance of ultrasonic transmission, V is the velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave in water, and t is the mistiming that the timer of single-chip microcomputer that described microcontroller adopts starts timer interruption timing when timing receives described ultrasonic echo signal for the first time to single-chip microcomputer.
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