CN103233118B - Stacking and leaching method of tuff type cuprite - Google Patents

Stacking and leaching method of tuff type cuprite Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103233118B
CN103233118B CN201310142420.9A CN201310142420A CN103233118B CN 103233118 B CN103233118 B CN 103233118B CN 201310142420 A CN201310142420 A CN 201310142420A CN 103233118 B CN103233118 B CN 103233118B
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copper
ore
heap
hydrogen peroxide
cuprite
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CN103233118A (en
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文书明
刘殿文
方建军
沈海英
丰奇成
邓久帅
刘建
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention provides a stacking and leaching method of tuff type cuprite. The stacking and leaching method comprises the following steps of: uniformly spraying 98wt% concentrated sulfuric acid on lump ores of the tuff type cuprite; remaining for 48 to 72 hours; spraying a hydrogen peroxide solution to an ore pile; remaining for 48 to 72 hours after spraying; circularly spraying a dilute acid solution so that the copper-containing solution can gain the concentration required for extracting; performing extraction and electrodeposition; and recovering copper. According to the stacking and leaching method of the tuff type cuprite, the oxidation leaching of the cuprite is realized based on the oxidization property of sulfuric acid; the hydrogen peroxide is added to accelerate the oxidization of the cuprite; when oxidizing the cuprite, the calcium sulfate produces calcium sulphate dihydrate in the presence of generated water and supplemented water, thereby resulting in cementing, thus ore blocks of the tuff can be coagulated, and as a result, the mechanical strength of the ore blocks is improved, the powdering is reduced, a channel is prevented from blockage, and the technical problem in stacking and leaching of the tuff type cuprite can be solved.

Description

A kind of heap leaching method of tuff type ruby copper
technical field:
The heap leaching method that the present invention relates to a kind of tuff type ruby copper, belongs to ore dressing metallurgical technology field.
background technology:
Dump leaching has become one of main method of Mineral resources such as reclaiming low grade copper oxide ore, gold mine, uranium ore, and for the low low grade copper oxide ore of calcium-magnesium-containing carbonate, the acid of dump leaching consumption is low, leaching yield is high, treatment capacity is large, good in economic efficiency, has obtained the great attention in domestic and international mining industry field.Current research work mainly concentrates on the parameter aspects such as the size composition ,Dui ore deposit height, spray acid strength, spray rate, extraction time of ore, has obtained a lot of achievements, makes the accumulation technology of copper oxide ore constantly ripe, applies more and more extensive.Copper oxide ore for height containing mud, because sludge moves in acid solution spray process Zhong Yan Kuang Duizhong space, stops up immersion liquid flow passage gradually, forms runoff, finally causes dump leaching failure, and this becomes one of high technical problem containing the dump leaching of mud copper oxide ore.In order to address this problem, sludge is separated with lump ore, and lump ore dump leaching, sludge agitation leach, succeed, and obtains industrial application.And sludge is carried out to granulating and heap-leaching, and be one of method reducing agitation leach investment and cost, this method is also applied within the specific limits.
The present invention relates to as if tuff type ruby copper, adopt above conventional heap Leaching, due to special ore properties, also exist following technical problem not solve.
Tuff is a kind of volcanoclastic rock, and the tephra material of its composition has more than 70% particle diameter to be less than 2mm, and minimum particle diameter can littlely arrive 0.002mm, and composition is mainly volcanic ash, and appearance is loose porous, coarse, has bedding, and color is various.Tuff chance water can expand, efflorescence.In mining process, part massive ore is subject to the effect of mechanical force, and efflorescence becomes sludge, when ore reduction is during to 20mm to 40mm, is less than the sludge content of 0.074mm up to 50%.For such ore, the ore after fragmentation is through screening, and it is feasible that sludge carries out agitation leach, but lump ore carries out dump leaching, exist in acid solution spray process, lump ore water-swellable, efflorescence, become sludge, have a strong impact on acid solution circulation, leaching effect variation, even piles dead problem.
For the ruby copper in lump ore, sulfuric acid leaching mechanism is different from the copper oxide ores such as malachite, chrysocolla completely, and this is because ruby copper is Red copper oxide, and copper is monovalence, sulfuric acid reacts with this copper mine in the process that generates copper sulfate, has a copper to be oxidized to cupric process from monovalence copper.In lump ore heap leaching process, if there is no oxygen, leaching cannot carry out.And conventional air is inertia oxygen containing oxygen, to the oxidation of ruby copper, need under the condition of heating, could effectively carry out, and oxidation rate is slow, for dump leaching, not only heat and be difficult to realize, the circulation of air is subject to the obstruction in space, and oxygen-supplying amount is not enough, so ruby copper is difficult to leach because being oxidized not.
Known vitriol oil slaking, is be 40%~70% by concentration the vitriol oil and mixing of materials, stores up certain hour, then adds water wash, can to a certain degree improve the leaching velocity of conventional copper oxide ore.But the copper oxide ore for ruby copper type, vitriol oil slaking can not improve leaching velocity, reason is to only have the sulfuric acid of 98% above concentration just to have strong oxidizing property, once the vitriol oil of 98% above concentration is met water dilution, as long as concentration is lower than 93%, its oxidisability just disappears, so, although 40%~80% vitriol oil concentration is higher, added thin up mistake, be used for slaking ruby copper type copper oxide ore, can not reach the object of oxidation ruby copper.
Known microbe-preoxidation gold dump leaching is used in the leaching process of copper-sulphide ores, gold-bearing sulfide ore, can cupric sulfide be oxidized to copper sulfate by microorganism, realize the leaching of cupric sulfide, can pass through microbe-preoxidation gold sulphide ores, expose parcel gold, improve golden leaching yield.But this microbe-preoxidation gold needs the effect of microorganism, and microbial growth breeding needs sulphur as energy source, but in ruby copper molecular structure, there is no sulphur, so microbiological oxidation heap Leaching is inapplicable for the oxidation of ruby copper.
Based on this, the present invention proposes a kind of tuff type ruby copper vitriol oil preoxidation-curing heap Leaching, can solve the technical problem of ruby copper dysoxidation, tuff efflorescence, realizes effective dump leaching of the type ore.
summary of the invention:
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
(1) during granularity is 5mm~50mm tuff type ruby copper lump ore ,Dui ore deposit, evenly spray the sulfuric acid of 98wt% to lump ore, the consumption of spray sulfuric acid leaches 80%~90% of the sour weight of ton copper loss for this ore;
(2) the heap ore deposit height of step (1) is controlled at 3m~5m, after heap ore deposit completes, stop 48 hours~72 hours, to ore deposit heap spray, contain hydrogen peroxide solution, containing hydrogen peroxide solution consumption, be 5%~8% of ore weight, hydrogen peroxide consumption is 800~1500g/t raw ore, has sprayed rear stop 48 hours~72 hours, adds water mix containing hydrogen peroxide solution by hydrogen peroxide;
(3) at the upper spray of the ore deposit of step (2) heap dilution heat of sulfuric acid, in dilute sulphuric acid, the consumption of sulfuric acid is 10%~20% of ton copper loss acid weight, and copper-containing solution is discharged from heap bottom, ore deposit;
(4) the copper-containing solution circulated sprinkling of discharging from the heap bottom, ore deposit of step (3), until reach the cupric concentration that extraction needs, sends to extraction, electrodeposition, reclaims copper.
know-why of the present invention:
(1) vitriol oil of 98wt% has strong oxidizing property, utilizes this oxidisability that monovalence copper in ruby copper is oxidized to cupric, and sulfuric acid reacts with cupric and generates copper sulfate simultaneously.
Cu 2O+3H 2SO 4=2CuSO 4+3H 2O+SO 2
If directly adopt diluted acid, the oxidisability of the vitriol oil will be lost, and above oxidizing reaction can not be carried out.
(2) containing the clear water of hydrogen peroxide, spray ore deposit and pile, hydrogen peroxide continues oxidation ruby copper, the sulfuric acid leaching of promotion ruby copper.The part vitriol oil is met water dilution heat release simultaneously, improves the temperature of ore deposit heap, improves the speed of sulfuric acid leaching copper.
Cu 2O+H 2O 2=2CuO+H 2O
CuO+H 2SO 4=CuSO 4+H 2O
(3) sulfuric acid reacts with the micro-size fraction calcite in tuff, generate calcium sulfate, under effect at calcium sulfate at spray water, generate terra alba, this process has coagulation to sludge, the condensing to tuff lump ore by terra alba, improve its intensity and water resisting property, prevent efflorescence, avoid passage to stop up, for diluted acid drip washing creates conditions.
CaCO 3+H 2SO 4=CaSO 4+H 2O+CO 2
CaSO 4+2H 2O=?CaSO 4·2H 2O
the present invention has the following advantages and positively effect:
1, general diluted acid spray, sulfuric acid loses oxidisability, for ruby copper, is difficult to effective leaching, and the present invention adopts the vitriol oil of 98wt% directly to spray, and reserved oxidization time, takes full advantage of the oxidisability of sulfuric acid self, has realized the Oxidation Leaching of ruby copper.
2, add hydrogen peroxide supplemental, promoted the oxidation of ruby copper.
3,, in ruby copper oxidising process, the generation of water and add the existence of water, makes calcium sulfate generate terra alba gelling material, and tuff nugget is had to coagulation, has improved the physical strength of nugget, has reduced efflorescence, prevents that passage from stopping up.
4, the vitriol oil is met the effect that water heating specifically improves speed of response to the sulfuric acid leaching of ruby copper.
embodiment:
Embodiment mono-:
Tuff ruby copper contains copper grade 0.70%, oxidation ratio 75%, and copper oxide ore is mainly ruby copper, and malachite takes second place, a small amount of chrysocolla, the copper in ruby copper accounts for 65% of ore cupric.
(1) the tuff type ruby copper lump ore that granularity is 5mm~50mm, during heap ore deposit, evenly spray the sulfuric acid of 98wt% to lump ore, the consumption of spray sulfuric acid is 80% of 10.50 tons of this ore leaching ton copper loss acid weight, when leaching yield is 70%, the vitriol oil of one ton of ore spray 41.16kg98wt%.
(2) the heap ore deposit height of step (1) is controlled at 3m, after heap ore deposit completes, stop 48 hours, to ore deposit heap spray, contain hydrogen peroxide solution, containing hydrogen peroxide solution consumption, be 5% of ore weight, hydrogen peroxide consumption is 1500g/t raw ore, has sprayed rear stop 48 hours, adds water mix containing hydrogen peroxide solution by hydrogen peroxide.
(3) at the upper spray of the ore deposit of step (2) heap dilute acid soln, in diluted acid, the consumption of sulfuric acid is 20% of ton copper loss acid weight, and one ton of ore is used sulfuric acid 10.29kg.Copper-containing solution is discharged from heap bottom, ore deposit.
(4) the copper-containing solution circulated sprinkling of discharging from heap bottom, step (3) ore deposit, until reach the cupric concentration that extraction needs, sends to extraction, electrodeposition, reclaims copper.
The leaching yield 70% of copper.
Embodiment bis-:
Tuff ruby copper contains copper grade 0.50%, oxidation ratio 90%, and copper oxide ore is mainly ruby copper, and malachite, copper lazur take second place, a small amount of chrysocolla, the copper in ruby copper accounts for 68% of ore cupric.
(1) the tuff type ruby copper lump ore that granularity is 5mm~50mm, during heap ore deposit, evenly spray the sulfuric acid of 98wt% to lump ore, the consumption of spray sulfuric acid is 85% of 12.8 tons of this ore leaching ton copper loss acid weight, when leaching yield is 68%, the vitriol oil of one ton of ore spray 36.99kg98wt%.
(2) the heap ore deposit height of step (1) is controlled at 4m, after heap ore deposit completes, stop 60 hours, to ore deposit heap spray, containing hydrogen peroxide solution, containing hydrogen peroxide solution consumption, be 7% of ore weight, hydrogen peroxide consumption is 1000g/t raw ore, sprayed rear stop 60 hours, containing hydrogen peroxide solution, by hydrogen peroxide, added water and mix.
(3) at the upper spray of the ore deposit of step (2) heap dilute acid soln, in diluted acid, the consumption of sulfuric acid is 15% of ton copper loss acid weight, and one ton of ore is used sulfuric acid 6.53kg.Copper-containing solution is discharged from heap bottom, ore deposit.
(4) the copper-containing solution circulated sprinkling of discharging from heap bottom, step (3) ore deposit, until reach the cupric concentration that extraction needs, sends to extraction, electrodeposition, reclaims copper.
The leaching yield 68% of copper.
Embodiment tri-:
Tuff ruby copper contains copper grade 0.40%, oxidation ratio 95%, and copper oxide ore is mainly ruby copper, and copper lazur takes second place, a small amount of chrysocolla, the copper in ruby copper accounts for 70% of ore cupric.
(1) the tuff type ruby copper lump ore that granularity is 5mm~50mm, during heap ore deposit, evenly spray the sulfuric acid of 98wt% to lump ore, the consumption of spray sulfuric acid is 90% of 15.6 tons of this ore leaching ton copper loss acid weight, when leaching yield is 65%, the vitriol oil of one ton of ore spray 36.5kg98wt%.
(2) the heap ore deposit height of step (1) is controlled at 5m, after heap ore deposit completes, stop 72 hours, to ore deposit heap spray, contain hydrogen peroxide solution, containing hydrogen peroxide solution consumption, be 8% of ore weight, hydrogen peroxide consumption is 800/t raw ore, has sprayed rear stop 72 hours, adds water mix containing hydrogen peroxide solution by hydrogen peroxide.
(3) at the upper spray of the ore deposit of step (2) heap dilute acid soln, in diluted acid, the consumption of sulfuric acid is 10% of ton copper loss acid weight, and one ton of ore is used sulfuric acid 4.06kg.Copper-containing solution is discharged from heap bottom, ore deposit.
(4) the copper-containing solution circulated sprinkling of discharging from heap bottom, step (3) ore deposit, until reach the cupric concentration that extraction needs, sends to extraction, electrodeposition, reclaims copper.
The leaching yield 65% of copper.

Claims (1)

1. a heap leaching method for tuff type ruby copper, completes by following scheme:
(1) during granularity is 5mm~50mm tuff type ruby copper lump ore ,Dui ore deposit, evenly spray the sulfuric acid of 98wt% to lump ore, the consumption of spray sulfuric acid leaches 80%~90% of the sour weight of ton copper loss for this ore;
(2) the heap ore deposit height of step (1) is controlled at 3m~5m, after heap ore deposit completes, stop 48 hours~72 hours, to ore deposit heap spray, contain hydrogen peroxide solution, containing hydrogen peroxide solution consumption, be 5%~8% of ore weight, hydrogen peroxide consumption is 800~1500g/t raw ore, has sprayed rear stop 48 hours~72 hours, adds water mix containing hydrogen peroxide solution by hydrogen peroxide;
(3) at the upper spray of the ore deposit of step (2) heap dilute acid soln, in diluted acid, the consumption of sulfuric acid is 10%~20% of ton copper loss acid weight, and copper-containing solution is discharged from heap bottom, ore deposit;
(4) the copper-containing solution circulated sprinkling of discharging from the heap bottom, ore deposit of step (3), until reach the cupric concentration that extraction needs, sends to extraction, electrodeposition, reclaims copper;
Described tuff type ruby copper, oxidation ratio is greater than 70%, and the copper containing in ruby copper accounts for ore cupric more than 60%.
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CN104846196B (en) * 2015-02-04 2018-07-13 江西省科学院生物资源研究所 A kind of technique improving Earthy copper resources copper leaching rate using concentrated sulfuric acid heat release
CN108118160A (en) * 2017-12-04 2018-06-05 云南驰宏资源综合利用有限公司 A kind of method of chrysocolla type cupric oxide ore wet underwater welding copper
CN113151700B (en) * 2021-04-30 2022-04-22 中广核铀业发展有限公司 High-heap leaching method for uranium ore
CN115094236B (en) * 2022-07-20 2023-09-26 万宝矿产有限公司 Copper ore enhanced leaching method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101457299A (en) * 2007-12-10 2009-06-17 北京有色金属研究总院 Wet processing process of high mud cupric oxide mine at high-cold area
CN101736152B (en) * 2008-11-24 2011-08-17 北京有色金属研究总院 Acid washed ore leaching process for low-grade copper oxide ores with high mud content

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US8003064B2 (en) * 2007-09-17 2011-08-23 Freeport-Mcmoran Corporation Controlled copper leach recovery circuit

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101457299A (en) * 2007-12-10 2009-06-17 北京有色金属研究总院 Wet processing process of high mud cupric oxide mine at high-cold area
CN101736152B (en) * 2008-11-24 2011-08-17 北京有色金属研究总院 Acid washed ore leaching process for low-grade copper oxide ores with high mud content

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