Slim capillary liquid suction core net accelerates the heat collecting element that glass heat pipe starts
Technical field
The present invention relates to the heat collecting element that slim capillary liquid suction core net accelerates glass heat pipe startup.
Background technology
The solar water appliance of heat-pipe vacuum heat collecting pipe manufacture have anhydrous in pipe, meet that safe drinking water standard, Energy Efficiency Ratio are high, single tube damages advantages such as in the same old way working.Therefore.In pipe, anhydrous solar vacuum hot water device will likely capture the increasing market share.
Existing a kind of workload fills little all-glass heat pipe vacuum collector tube solar water heater, and heat pipe inner wall adopts light-pipe structure, heat-pipe vacuum heat collecting pipe inclination about 45 degree of installations.Under non-heat exchange state, can observe bottom heat pipe and have liquid refrigerant to gather.
It is carried out and the all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube solar water heater check experiment of managing interior water, finds that the ramp case of heat pipe solar energy water heater is first slow soon rear.Judgement is that heat pipe start-up course is long, and heat pipe startup stage, thus heat collector tube element can not heat up slowly by Operation at full power, heat collector tube element Operation at full power thus quick heating after heat pipe starts.
The heat pipe investigating all-glass heat pipe vacuum collector tube starts: because the working medium be collected in bottom heat pipe rises slowly because of its temperature of minute surface shading formed by getter usually, makes these liquid refrigerants can not participate in rapidly two phase flow heat transfer circulation.Meanwhile, though can not contribute to thermal-arrest because the temperature height at other positions inner, heat pipe hot junction is in dry state within a very long time.The glass heat pipe tube wall heat transfer of later dependence near bottom makes liquid refrigerant vaporize and circulates to participate in two phase flow heat transfer gradually, and heat pipe completes start-up course and enters normal operating conditions.Problem is in the winter time, and the start-up course of heat pipe may continue more than two hours, and this makes the performance of some glass heat pipe thermal-collecting tube can not be obviously good than the all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube of water in pipe, and the advantage of heat pipe could not give full play to.
Glass surface is not suitable for processing stria to form larger capillary lift.
Adopt and arrange that there is enough large-area core net at glass heat pipe inner surface, although capillarity can be utilized to solve the long problem of heat pipe start-up course, but cost a larger increase can be made, more seriously also can because of inside fill working medium more, make air drying time vapour pressure too high and cause large the increasing that have a big risk of bombing accident.When for example working medium filling weight/heat pipe volume rate brings up to 5 milliliters/1000 milliliters from 0.2% when 2 milliliters/1000 milliliters 0.5%, the highest saturated vapor pressure is increased to about 10 atmospheric pressure of 180 DEG C from about 3.7 atmospheric pressure of 140 DEG C, but when inside heat pipe continues to be warming up to 180 DEG C from 140 DEG C about 3.7 atmospheric most high-vapor-pressures, internal pressure only has 4 atm higher.Because glass pressure is limited in one's ability, so, should manage to raise liquid refrigerant position height start quickly when heat pipe starts, the least possiblely when heat pipe works again retain liquid refrigerant to reduce working medium filling weight.
Chinese invention patent 200410012193.9 Explosion-proof all-glass solar energy vacuum collecting tube, discloses a kind of Explosion-proof all-glass solar energy vacuum collecting tube, and in its heat pipe, liquid refrigerant filling weight is 0.1 ~ 0.5%V, and wherein V is the volume in heat pipe.All be converted into vapour phase when making it reach a certain critical-temperature, when temperature continues to raise, pressure raises according to the rule of vapour phase, thus the operating pressure under significantly reducing the condition of high temperature in heat pipe ...Meanwhile, in heat pipe, set up sorbing material, to ensure that heat pipe quick starts again.But the sorbing material sticking working medium that this patent of invention is arranged in the middle part of heat pipe comprises heat pipe evaporator section adds quick heating pipe and starts this mode and still to bring when increasing working medium filling weight and air drying internal pressure or start still slower problem.Assuming that: originally set inner glass tube internal diameter 44 millimeters, cover glass tube external diameter 58 millimeters, the internal pressure upper limit of all-glass vacuum solar energy collection tube of long 2 meters be 4 atmospheric pressure, air drying maximum temperature 230 DEG C, water makes working medium, can be calculated inner glass tube volume about 3 liters.The saturated vapor pressure table looking into water vapour is known: the working medium filling weight of just all working medium vaporizations when 135 DEG C, its saturated vapor pressure is 3.2 atmospheric pressure and when the highest air drying temperature 230 DEG C, internal pressure reaches 4 atmospheric pressure and namely equals the inner glass tube internal pressure limit.And the quality volumetric ratio of steam is 1.7 milliliters/liter when can check in 135 DEG C.The working medium filling weight of this thermal-collecting tube is 3 liters * 1.7 milliliters/liters=5.1 milliliters.(5.1 milliliters of working medium, on the low side existing thermal-collecting tube, there will be dry, but this problem is not launched in bottom, hot junction here).Now, in order to add quick heating pipe startup, imbibition material is set in the middle part of inside heat pipe.Assuming that the imbibition material increased carries sticking when heat pipe normally works had 1.5 milliliters of working medium altogether, and therefore aggravate inside heat pipe hot junction dry-out, dry hot junction does not participate in heat exchange makes the efficiency of thermal-collecting tube have a greatly reduced quality.The heat-collecting capacity loss brought in order to avoid drying up because of hot junction.Put forward by imbibition material the part working medium that sticking has when must increase working medium filling weight to make up heat pipe work.Suppose that the working medium filling weight increased also is 1.5 milliliters, then the quality volumetric ratio of steam when working medium is just all vaporized from 1.7 milliliters/go up and rise to 2.2 milliliters/liter, the critical-temperature that the highest saturated vapor pressure is at this moment corresponding rises to 145 DEG C from 135 DEG C; Correspondingly, when the highest air drying temperature 230 DEG C, inside heat pipe pressure is increased to 5 atmospheric pressure from 4 atmospheric pressure.Conclusion is: increase imbibition material in the middle part of heat pipe hot junction to accelerate to be enabled in and increase working medium filling weight, and at the highest air drying temperature, the pressure that the pressure of thermal-collecting tube inside can exceed original setting is increased to 5 atmospheric pressure from 4 atmospheric pressure and exceeds 25%; And two hours will be extended be equivalent to without imbibition material heat pipe start-up course and reduce day heat-collecting capacity 35% winter.Further, only sticking 1.5 milliliters of working medium are still not enough for sorbing material.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide slim capillary liquid suction core net to accelerate the heat collecting element of glass heat pipe startup.
One of the present invention's technical scheme solving its technical problem: arrange sealing-in by cover glass tube and inner glass tube nested, concentric, makes the heat collecting element that a slim capillary liquid suction core net accelerates the startup of integrated glass heat pipe.Inner glass tube to stretch out forward and after inner vacuum pumping loading working medium, a heat pipe is made in sealed-off from sealing-in place.The outer surface of inner glass tube makes absorbing film.The heat collecting element that described slim capillary liquid suction core net acceleration integrated glass heat pipe starts is vertical or tilt to install.Heat pipe relies on gravity work.Arrange a slim capillary liquid suction core net be made up of the thin capillary liquid suction core of some width 2 to 10 millimeters in inside, heat pipe hot junction, slim capillary liquid suction core net adopts elastic circlip to overlay in heat pipe hot junction inwall.The area of slim capillary liquid suction core net is less than 5% of described heat pipe inner wall area.
The relative cover glass tube arranged off-centre of the inner glass tube of described heat collecting element can also be made and inner glass tube is connected with the semicircle minute surface optically focused be made on cover glass tube or, inner glass tube is connected with the additional semicircle minute surface optically focused be connected on cover glass tube.
The present invention solves the technical scheme two of its technical problem: with an all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube with insert insertion type glass heat pipe wherein and to coordinate or low thermal resistance is connected, make the heat collecting element of slim capillary liquid suction core net acceleration insertion type glass heat pipe startup.By cover glass tube and inner glass tube nested, concentric, all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube arranges that sealing-in is made.Arrange a slim capillary liquid suction core net be made up of the thin capillary liquid suction core of some width 2 to 10 millimeters in inside, insertion type glass heat pipe hot junction, slim capillary liquid suction core net adopts elastic circlip to overlay in heat pipe hot junction inwall; The area of slim capillary liquid suction core net is less than 5% of described heat pipe inner wall area.
Slim capillary liquid suction core net available glass fiber, carbon fiber and copper wire make; Elastic circlip available copper sill manufactures.
Described slim capillary liquid suction core net can also be made to be formed by several annular fillet capillary wick according to circumferential layout.
Described slim capillary liquid suction core net can also be made to be some the slim capillary liquid suction core net formed according to the annular fillet capillary wick of circumferential layout; Described annular fillet capillary wick is each to the not same sex: capillarity is circumferentially more weak.
Described slim capillary liquid suction core net can also be made to contain the fiber along the circumferential direction arranged few, annularly the fiber of fillet capillary wick direction of axis line layout is many.
Can also make: outside sunshine exposure 700 ± 50 watts/square metre, described heat pipe cold junction water temperature 40 ± 5 DEG C, heat collecting element axial line be north-south be in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight within the scope of 90 ± 20 ° under condition, slim capillary liquid suction core net holds 25% of quality≤its maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding of liquid refrigerant.
Can also make: the maximum liquid refrigerant volume of holding >=4 milliliter of described slim capillary liquid suction core net; Outside sunshine exposure 700 ± 50 watts/square metre, described heat pipe cold junction water temperature 40 ± 5 DEG C, heat collecting element axial line be north-south be in tilted layout and the angle of its axial line and incident sunlight within the scope of 90 ± 20 ° under condition, described slim capillary liquid suction core net holds quality≤0.9 milliliter of liquid refrigerant.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: adopt slim capillary liquid suction core net of the present invention to accelerate the solar energy heat collector of the heat collecting element of integrated glass heat pipe startup or the heat collecting element manufacture of slim capillary liquid suction core net acceleration insertion type glass heat pipe startup, when the sun sets, the reverse work of glass heat pipe: the liquid refrigerant of the former heat pipe cold junction inner surface be connected with heating load low thermal resistance evaporates and condenses at former heat pipe hot junction inner surface, when former heat pipe hot junction inner surface liquid refrigerant gather more and trickle downwards arrive slim capillary liquid suction core net time held by it.Second day sun out time, heat pipe hot junction, once be heated, is evaporated rapidly by the liquid refrigerant that slim capillary liquid suction core net holds and participates in two phase flow heat transfer.Slim capillary liquid suction core net distribution is wide, and thus the solar energy heat absorbing area related to is also wide starts rapidly; Slim capillary liquid suction core net distribution is sparse, and when heat pipe normally works, the liquid refrigerant that slim capillary liquid suction core net is held for example is less than 0.3 milliliter less, and it is very limited to the increase of internal pressure during air drying.Slim capillary liquid suction core net of the present invention is adopted to accelerate the various solar energy heat collectors of the heat collecting element of integrated glass heat pipe startup or the heat collecting element manufacture of slim capillary liquid suction core net acceleration insertion type glass heat pipe startup, its heat pipe start-up time was from more than 140 minute of original light pipe, foreshorten to more than 10 minute, be equivalent to many thermal-arrests more than hour every day in winter.Thus both accelerate heat pipe startup to greatest extent; The pressure of glass heat pipe inside during air drying is made again to keep low level.
Described slim capillary liquid suction core net is made to be some the slim capillary liquid suction core net formed according to the annular fillet capillary wick of circumferential layout; Described annular fillet capillary wick is each to the not same sex: capillarity is circumferentially more weak.The sun relatively can grown in the duration sets the more working medium of sticking in process; When the normal heat exchange of heat pipe, capillarity is along the circumferential direction weak thus make annular fillet capillary wick all because capillary is proposed suction effect and had no time to attend to and occur drying up except bottom, and makes working medium bottom heat pipe inner wall toward the dirty bottom being distributed in whole heat pipe hot junction.Described slim capillary liquid suction core net is made to contain the fiber along the circumferential direction arranged few; Annularly the fiber arranged of fillet capillary wick direction of axis line is many, be realize required by annular fillet capillary wick be one of each means to the not same sex.
Described slim capillary liquid suction core net can also be made to contain the fiber along the circumferential direction arranged few, annularly the fiber of fillet capillary wick direction of axis line layout is many.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the heat collecting element structural representation that a slim capillary liquid suction core net accelerates the startup of integrated glass heat pipe.
Fig. 2 is the heat collecting element structural representation that a slim capillary liquid suction core net accelerates the startup of insertion type glass heat pipe.
Fig. 3 is the eccentric heat collecting element structural representation that a slim capillary liquid suction core net accelerates the startup of insertion type glass heat pipe.
1. cover glass tubes in figure; 2. inner glass tube; 3. heat pipe; 4. annular fillet capillary wick; 5. elastic circlip; 6. all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube; 7. Thermal Conduction Equipment; 8. eccentric all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube; 9. semicircle minute surface.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 provides first embodiment of the invention.
In Fig. 1, arrange sealing-in by cover glass tube 1 and inner glass tube 2 nested, concentric, make the heat collecting element that a slim capillary liquid suction core net accelerates the startup of integrated glass heat pipe.Inner glass tube 2 to stretch out forward and after inner vacuum pumping loading working medium, a heat pipe 3 is made in sealed-off from sealing-in place.The outer surface of inner glass tube 2 makes absorbing film.The heat collecting element that described slim capillary liquid suction core net acceleration integrated glass heat pipe starts is vertical or tilt to install.Heat pipe 3 relies on gravity work.Arrange 10 in inside, heat pipe 3 hot junction and form a slim capillary liquid suction core net according to the annular fillet capillary wick 4 of circumferential layout.Annular fillet capillary wick 4 overlays in heat pipe 3 hot junction inwall with elastic circlip 5.The hot end length of heat pipe 31 meter 8; The width 5 millimeters of annular fillet capillary wick 4.The area sum of annular fillet capillary wick 4 is less than 2.8% of described heat pipe 3 hot junction inner wall area.In Fig. 1, outside arrow side by side represents the cold junction position of heat pipe 3.
When the heat collecting element of Fig. 1 embodiment turn clockwise about 45 degree tilt to install time, heat pipe 3 can rely on gravity to realize two phase flow cycle heat exchange, and solar thermal energy is passed to heating load by cold junction continuously.When heat pipe 3 works, because short cylinder liquid-sucking core 4 can not hold working medium, so working medium filling weight does not increase, when being conducive to limiting air drying, the inner saturated vapor pressure of heat pipe 3 is in low-level.
When the heat collecting element of Fig. 1 embodiment turn clockwise about 45 degree tilt to install time, annular fillet capillary wick 4 can when heat pipe 3 does not work a large amount of sticking liquid refrigerant, improve the position that former light pipe heat pipe is collected in the working medium bottom heat pipe 3.The annular fillet capillary wick 4 being distributed in whole heat pipe 3 hot junction is conducive to annular fillet capillary wick 4 when heat pipe 3 starts and absorbs solar thermal energy as much as possible acceleration startup.
In Fig. 1 embodiment, when heat pipe 3 normally works, allow annular fillet capillary wick 4 dry or partly dry so annular fillet capillary wick 4 does not usually hold working medium when heat pipe 3 works.When the sun sets, the condensate water evaporation of heat pipe 3 cold junction inner surface, comprises the whole or most working medium of all working medium of this part working medium by annular fillet capillary wick 4 sticking.
Annular fillet capillary wick 4 in Fig. 1 embodiment to according to time thermal-collecting tube state no requirement (NR), facilitate in-site installation maintenance activity.
Fig. 2 provides second embodiment of the invention.
In Fig. 2, be connected by two panels Thermal Conduction Equipment 7 low thermal resistance with the insertion type glass housing heat pipe 3 inserted wherein with an all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube 6, make the heat collecting element that a slim capillary liquid suction core net accelerates the startup of insertion type glass heat pipe.By cover glass tube 1 and inner glass tube 2 nested, concentric, all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube 6 arranges that sealing-in is made.Arrange 10 in inside, heat pipe 3 hot junction and form a slim capillary liquid suction core net according to the annular fillet capillary wick 4 of circumferential layout.
Fig. 2 embodiment heat pipe 3 internal structure and operation principle are similar to Fig. 1 embodiment.
Fig. 3 provides third embodiment of the invention.
In Fig. 3, in an eccentric all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube 8, insert an insertion type glass housing heat pipe 3, make the eccentric heat collecting element that a slim capillary liquid suction core net accelerates the startup of insertion type glass heat pipe.The inner glass tube 2 of eccentric all-glass vacuum thermal-collecting tube 8 relatively cover glass tube 1 arranged off-centre and inner glass tube 2 is connected with semicircle minute surface 9 optically focused be made on cover glass tube 1.Arrange 10 in inside, heat pipe 3 hot junction and form a slim capillary liquid suction core net according to the annular fillet capillary wick 4 of circumferential layout.
Fig. 3 embodiment heat pipe 3 internal structure and operation principle are similar to Fig. 1 embodiment.