CN103224364A - Low carbon and high performance series concrete special for tunnel spraying - Google Patents
Low carbon and high performance series concrete special for tunnel spraying Download PDFInfo
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- CN103224364A CN103224364A CN2013101317283A CN201310131728A CN103224364A CN 103224364 A CN103224364 A CN 103224364A CN 2013101317283 A CN2013101317283 A CN 2013101317283A CN 201310131728 A CN201310131728 A CN 201310131728A CN 103224364 A CN103224364 A CN 103224364A
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- concrete
- tunnel
- cementitious material
- performance
- shotcrete
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004574 high-performance concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003245 working effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000276425 Xiphophorus maculatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037380 skin damage Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一系列低碳高性能隧道喷射混凝土，通过掺入不同种类矿物掺合料及不同掺量，以及采用低水胶比、高效减水剂和无碱速凝剂。所配制的混凝土性能达到密实度高、工作性和耐久性好，能满足不同围岩级别对喷混凝土早期强度的要求。本发明根据环境综合等级确定喷射混凝土的密实度，再由密实度指标选用胶凝材配方；设计和施工人员可根据不同环境等级和围岩级别选用不同的胶凝材配方和混凝土配合比，混凝土材料具有水化热低、密实度高、工作性好等特点，还具有减少环境污染、改善工作环境、降低回弹率和节约工程成本等功效、节约能源、减少碳排放和环境污染，大大节约了工程成本。The invention provides a series of low-carbon high-performance shotcrete for tunnels, by adding different types of mineral admixtures and different dosages, and adopting low water-binder ratio, high-efficiency water reducing agent and alkali-free accelerator. The performance of the prepared concrete is high density, good workability and durability, and can meet the requirements of different surrounding rock levels for the early strength of shotcrete. The present invention determines the compactness of shotcrete according to the comprehensive grade of the environment, and then selects the cementitious material formula according to the compactness index; design and construction personnel can select different cementitious material formulas and concrete mix ratios according to different environmental grades and surrounding rock grades, and the concrete The material has the characteristics of low hydration heat, high density and good workability. It also has the functions of reducing environmental pollution, improving the working environment, reducing the rebound rate and saving engineering costs, saving energy, reducing carbon emissions and environmental pollution, and greatly saving engineering cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material of construction, is a kind of sprayed concrete material that is exclusively used in varying environment integrated level, other tunnel preliminary bracing structure of country rock level specifically.
Background technology
At present, the most composite linings that adopt of mountain tunnel structure, the minority tunnel structure adopts the structure formation of single shell lining, no matter tunnel structure adopts composite lining or single shell lining, is main supporting means with sprayed concrete all.Behind the tunnel excavation, to the country rock sprayed concrete, its objective is and in " the shortest " time, to restrain the lax or distortion of country rock with " the fastest " speed.Make sprayed concrete performance support action, require it in " short period of time ", to reach certain intensity, the early strength of Here it is sprayed concrete.Simultaneously, shotcrete should have good clinging power, so that closely connected stressed jointly with country rock, also requires its rebound degree little, guarantees that quality of concrete also reduces cost as much as possible.
Countries in the world exist aspect sprayed concrete prescription and construction technology than big difference, since complex process and when country rock is not stablized as yet, performing, the difficult quality guarantee of shotcrete, and there are major safety risks in tunnel structure.Adopt sprayed concrete to start late in China's tunnel structure, so it is bigger with Japan and some developed country's gaps of Europe aspect spray technology and concrete formulation, the tunnel construction of shotcrete adopts dried pressure spray process in most cases, and dust is big, resilience is many, proportioning is restive; In most cases using has the alkali accelerating chemicals, bigger to workman's skin damage, and concrete corrosion under groundwater effect is serious; The gelling material adopts single P.O52.5 silicate cement and cement consumption big, and folk prescription concrete cement consumption surpasses 500kg, both uneconomical also not environmental protection.For this reason, be necessary to study a kind of novel injection concrete material, this material can satisfy both save energy, low-carbon environment-friendly, can improve the working environment of workers again, can also improve concrete performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the high performance jetting concrete of a series of different mixture ratio and gelling material formula, can adapt to varying environment type and country rock rank, reduce engineering cost, prolong tunnel structure work-ing life.This concrete material generally has characteristics such as hydration heat is low, degree of compactness is high, good workability, also has the environmental pollution of minimizing, improves Working environment, reduces effects such as rebound degree and saving engineering cost.
Low-carbon (LC) high performance jetting concrete material of the present invention is achieved in that the degree of compactness of determining sprayed concrete according to the environment comprehensive grade, selects the gelling material formula for use by the degree of compactness index again; Determine the strength grade of sprayed concrete according to the country rock rank, select concrete mix for use by strength grade again.Concrete material adopts the forced mixer mix in the tunnel, wet spraying process sprays.
According to the environment hazard rating that effect causes to tunnel structure, be A, B, C, D, E Pyatyi with the environment comprehensive grade classification, wherein E level environment is the poorest, A level environment is best.The degree of compactness grade of tunnel environment integrated level and sprayed concrete and the relation of degree of compactness index see Table 1, and the strength grade of country rock rank and sprayed concrete and the relation of intensity index see Table 2.
The relation of table 1 environment comprehensive grade and sprayed concrete degree of compactness index
The relation of table 2 country rock rank and sprayed concrete strength index
Low-carbon (LC) high-performance tunnel sprays special-purpose series concrete, determines that according to different environment comprehensive grades and country rock rank the tunnel sprays the prescription of high performance concrete, and adopts following step to obtain:
(1) determines tunnel lining concrete design variable index according to tunnel environment integrated level and country rock rank, different degree of compactness indexs are determined to mix mineral admixture kind and volume in the lining concrete gelling material, the gelling material adopts dispensing station pattern or mixing station mode of manufacture, each powder body material carries out the physics homogenizing in proportion, and described middle plural gel material determines that according to different degree of compactness indexs sprayed concrete gelling material formula sees table 3 for details:
The corresponding sprayed concrete gelling of the different degree of compactness indexs of table 3 material formula
Table 3 is by sprayed concrete displacement flux value test result, determines the corresponding sprayed concrete gelling of different degree of compactness indexs material formula.
The requirement of each powder body material of gelling material is in the table: cement: 42.5 grades of ordinary Portland cements, specific surface area＞500kg/m
2Flyash: I level flyash, specific surface area 750kg/m
2About; Breeze: S105 level breeze, specific surface area 〉=500kg/m
2Silicon ash specific surface area 〉=20000kg/m
2Limestone powder specific surface area 〉=600kg/m
2
(2) adopting (1) gained sprayed concrete gelling material according to the varying strength index is main raw material, adds to join to obtain the series of targets concrete after coarse-fine aggregate mixes, and its proportioning sees table 4 for details:
The corresponding sprayed concrete proportioning of table 4 varying strength degree index
Table 4 is by the compressive strength of sprayed concrete test result, determines the proportioning of the corresponding sprayed concrete of varying strength index.
Concrete mix is chosen and must be considered following fundamental principle in the table:
(1) proportioning only is applicable to wet spraying process in the table, and when the tunnel is in gelling material use quantity capping under the freeze thawing environment, water-cement ratio takes off limit;
(2) proportioning must be used water-reducing rate 〉=25% high efficiency water reducing agent and alkali-free quick-coagulant in the employing table, guarantees that simultaneously water reducer and accelerating chemicals and gelling material have good consistency;
(3) be under the freeze thawing environment and underground water is grown when the tunnel, if sprayed concrete should be selected bleed type water reducer for use when adopting the plural gel material.
Concrete adopts the requirement of aggregate to be:
(1) coarse aggregate is selected 5～15mm peastone for use, crush index≤8%, pin, platy shaped particle total content≤4%, silt content≤0.5%, tight clearance rate≤40%;
(2) fine aggregate is selected thick river sand in the fineness modulus 2.7～3.2, silt content≤2.0%, clod content≤0.5% for use.
The performance index of the fineness index of above gelling material formula and each powder body material and concrete mix parameter and coarse-fine aggregate, admixture can guarantee that high performance jetting concrete of the present invention has good mechanical performance, closely knit performance and endurance quality, also can adapt, satisfy the work-ing life of tunnel structure with tunnel environmental rating of living in and country rock rank.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: concrete adopts and to mix concrete serviceability behind the mineral admixture, closely knit performance and mechanical property in low water binder ratio, high efficiency water reducing agent and alkali-free quick-coagulant and the gelling material and be significantly improved, remarkable to reducing concrete springback, reduction hydration heat and energy conservation and consumption reduction effects, make it to be applied to both can improve structure durability in the tunnel structure, can improve workman's operating environment, reduction operation intensity again, also helping environmental protection, reduce cost, is a technology of benefiting the nation and the people.
Embodiment
Low-carbon (LC) high-performance of the present invention tunnel sprayed concrete can reach C20, C25, C30, C35, C40 strength grade respectively, satisfies to be in tunnel structure requirement in work-ing life under varying environment type and the different surrounding rock level conditions.Below provide specific embodiments.
1, the plural gel material can be realized by dispensing station pattern or mixing station pattern, specific practice is earlier with the fineness of difference grindings such as cement, flyash, breeze and limestone powder in the plural gel material to regulation, make finished product, determine gelling material component according to the tunnel structure performance requirement then, prepare in design gelling material formula ratio, generate high-quality plural gel material.
Concerning the high performance concrete of component complexity, the composite gelled material that concrete is required is put into dispensing station or mixing station production, with separately separately the powder body material of grinding carry out pre-homogenizing, just can guarantee not increase existing concrete churning time and improve concrete uniformity greatly, help guaranteeing construction quality and endurance quality.
2, concrete stirs and easily adopts cement to wrap up in sand substep paddling process, and concrete implementation step is earlier gelling material, sand and 1/3 water consumption for preparing to be dropped into stirrer premixing 30s; Then high efficiency water reducing agent is joined in the residue water consumption and mix thoroughly, it is dropped in the stirrer with whole coarse aggregates stir 90s.
A large amount of evidences, it is remarkable that sprayed concrete adopts cement to wrap up in sand substep paddling process effect, and the every performance of concrete all is significantly increased, and illustrates that this stirring technique can fully excite the activity of mineral admixture, particularly the later stage activity improves concrete mechanics and endurance quality.
3, concrete performs and should adopt wet spraying process, requires the slump of sprayed concrete to reach about 18cm, during injection accelerating chemicals is added from nozzle, the volume of strict control accelerating chemicals.
Facts have proved that shotcrete performs the employing wet-spray technique, greatly improve operating environment, reduce the resilience inventory, concrete mix is controlled easily, concrete stable performance, and good uniformity has improved concrete jet quality.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310131728.3A CN103224364B (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Low-carbon (LC) high-performance tunnel sprays series special concrete |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310131728.3A CN103224364B (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Low-carbon (LC) high-performance tunnel sprays series special concrete |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103224364A true CN103224364A (en) | 2013-07-31 |
| CN103224364B CN103224364B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310131728.3A Expired - Fee Related CN103224364B (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2013-04-16 | Low-carbon (LC) high-performance tunnel sprays series special concrete |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105541222A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-04 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | High strength environment friendly sprayed concrete |
| CN109162732A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-01-08 | 华东建工集团有限公司 | A kind of shotcrete construction method |
| CN109437706A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-08 | 中交公局第三工程有限公司 | A kind of gunite concrete and its preparation method and application |
| CN110627446A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-31 | 保利长大工程有限公司 | Economical and environment-friendly tunnel shotcrete and construction process |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102795819A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2012-11-28 | 西南交通大学 | Low-carbon high-performance tunnel shotcrete composite cementing material |
-
2013
- 2013-04-16 CN CN201310131728.3A patent/CN103224364B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102795819A (en) * | 2012-08-23 | 2012-11-28 | 西南交通大学 | Low-carbon high-performance tunnel shotcrete composite cementing material |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105541222A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-04 | 大同煤矿集团有限责任公司 | High strength environment friendly sprayed concrete |
| CN109162732A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2019-01-08 | 华东建工集团有限公司 | A kind of shotcrete construction method |
| CN109437706A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-08 | 中交公局第三工程有限公司 | A kind of gunite concrete and its preparation method and application |
| CN110627446A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-31 | 保利长大工程有限公司 | Economical and environment-friendly tunnel shotcrete and construction process |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103224364B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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