CN103220037A - Hardware interface device of ultra high frequency/very high frequency (UHF/VHF) microsatellite earth station software terminal node controller (TNC) - Google Patents
Hardware interface device of ultra high frequency/very high frequency (UHF/VHF) microsatellite earth station software terminal node controller (TNC) Download PDFInfo
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- CN103220037A CN103220037A CN2013100865524A CN201310086552A CN103220037A CN 103220037 A CN103220037 A CN 103220037A CN 2013100865524 A CN2013100865524 A CN 2013100865524A CN 201310086552 A CN201310086552 A CN 201310086552A CN 103220037 A CN103220037 A CN 103220037A
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Abstract
The invention provides a hardware interface device of an ultra high frequency/very high frequency (UHF/VHF) microsatellite earth station software terminal node controller (TNC). In amateur radio satellite communication, a UHF/VHF satellite earth station uses an internally arranged sound card of a terminal computer for processing a digital baseband signal and a digital communication interface is required for connecting the terminal computer and an earth station radio station. The digital communication interface is composed of a signal sending circuit, a signal receiving circuit and a push to talk (PTT) control circuit. The baseband signal based on an AX.25 protocol and processed by the software TNC is sent to the earth station radio station by the terminal computer through the signal sending circuit. The baseband signal based on the AX.25 protocol and sent from the earth station radio station is sent to the software TNC by the sound card of the terminal computer through the signal receiving circuit. Current and voltage in the signal sending circuit and the signal receiving circuit are changed through potentiometers so as to satisfy the requirement for current or voltage of an input signal and an output signal of the sound card and the radio station. A 1:1 audio transformer is used for insulating a sound card end of the terminal computer and an ACC end of the earth station radio station. A photosensitive coupler is used in the PTT control circuit and the PTT control circuit controls receiving and sending timing sequences of the radio station through an RS232 serial port of the terminal computer. The hardware interface device of the UHF/VHF microsatellite earth station software TNC has great using value and wide application prospect in the satellite earth station based on UHF/VHF in the field of spaceflight.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to the hardware interface device of a kind of UHF/VHF microsatellite software TNC of ground station, be amateur radio frequency (UHF/VHF) microsatellite ground station software terminal Node Controller (Terminal Node Controller, the hardcore interface arrangement of TNC) communicating by letter with land station.This device is mainly used in the digital communication with The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation, belongs to microsatellite amateur radio communication field.
(2) background technology
The amateur radio communication satellite can be global ham radio user and voice/data communications, scientific research, technical identification, aerospace engineering educational training is provided and is used for satellite emergency communication etc. when natural calamity takes place.
From first satellite of nineteen fifty-seven Soviet Union's emission, countries in the world have promptly begun to utilize satellite to carry out the research of amateur radio communication, have carried out the design and the development work of amateur radio communication satellite simultaneously.The successful launch of first amateur radio communication satellite " OSCAR-1 " in the world by U.S.'s ham radio tissue design, manufacturing in 1961 indicates that amateur radio communication enters into the space and uses the epoch.The amateur radio communication satellite is through updating and develop for many years, and the existing ham radio that comprises the more and more national of states such as the U.S., Russia, Japan, India, European Union is organized successfully and designed, makes and launched nearly hundred amateur radio communication satellites.Normal at present amateur radio communication satellite in orbit is above 30.
On the size of The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation, Jue Daduoshuo The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation is the less microsatellite of volume in the world, or even littler receiving/skin satellite.Little/as to receive satellite as one of focus of world today's field of space technology research, have advantages such as in light weight, that volume is little, flexibility is strong, the lead time is short, development cost is low.Little/the ground satellite station of receiving is mainly finished tracking, remote measurement, the remote control task to satellite, promptly when satellite is crossed the top, finishes the receiving demodulation of telemetered signal and the modulation of remote control command and uploads.Little/receive on ground station's digital communication mode, but digital communication mode is far away because of the strong communication distance of its antijamming capability, signal is easy to advantages such as modulation, is applied in widely among the communicating by letter of ground station and microsatellite.The modulation system of amateur radio band digital communication mainly comprises FSK, AFSK, GFSK, BPSK etc.Simultaneously, in order to finish star ground transfer of data reliably, the The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation digital communication has been extensive use of standardized AX.25 agreement.
Though China's amateur radio communication activity just began in nineteen thirties, but stayed cool in the amateur radio communication satellite fields always.Be that the cost that is this activity on the other hand is than higher because China relevant departments pay close attention to inadequately the technical research in this field on the one hand.Recent years is domestic also to bear first fruit gradually in the The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation communications field, Chinese Dongfanghong satellite company in 2005 design, makes and has launched first amateur radio communication satellite of China and " wished No. 1 (Hope-1) ".Aspect the infrastructure that realizes in communication protocol, that present domestic The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation ground station mainly uses is hardware TNC.Reason is the domestic research of ground station software TNC aspect of also not carrying out at present on the one hand, and reason is as using general in the world software TNC, also not having a dedicated hardware interface circuit to be used for the use of support software TNC on the domestic market on the other hand.
Terminal-node controller (TNC) is as the key equipment in connecting terminal computer and radio station, its major function is to receive synchronously by the satellite downlink data after the preliminary demodulation in radio station, after the processing of unpacking, send terminal computer again to and do further processing, receive the data that send by terminal computer simultaneously, after packing was handled, synchronized transmission was further modulated to the radio station.The contrast International Organization for Standardization is the functional definition of the open systems interconnection reference model (OSI) of computer defined, and TNC has mainly embodied the function of the physical layer in the seven layer model, link layer, network layer.
Conventional hardware TNC consists of the following components:
1. master controller CPU: this part is the core of TNC, by being solidificated in the software in the program storage, finishes operation and control to other hardware circuits, realizes the repertoire of selected protocol architecture regulation.
2. memory: comprise program storage and data storage.The program storage group will be stored whole softwares and the system's initial parameter of TNC, and data storage is used to deposit all data under the TNC running status, comprises the system operational parameters that is provided with by order by the user, and the data during TNC communication.
3. communication controler circuit: this circuit is an indispensable part in the communication interface of TNC complexity.It both can be connected with the RS232 serial line interface of computer or terminal, also can satisfy the frame level structure of the selected protocol architecture of network, as the requirement of HDLC rules to data frame format interface.Limited or do not possess the CPU of frame level rules interface for serial line interface, all be usually by data between this circuit realization and terminal or the radio station and string conversion and transmission.
4. channel coding/decoding circuit: this circuit is encoded by the base band data that communication control circuit sends, and adopts the NRZ coding usually, to improve antijamming capability and the bandwidth availability ratio of signal in wireless channel.Decoded data reverts to base band data with the NRZ of receiving, handles for CPU.
5. modem circuit: by modem circuit the channel coded data is modulated into be fit to the AFSK(AFSK that the radio station sends) signal, perhaps the AFSK signal received by the radio station of demodulation.
6. interface circuit: the interface circuit among the TNC has two kinds, with the corresponding level conversion of RS232 interface of terminal and with the interface in radio station.Mainly be the transmitting-receiving switching control, purified signal detection etc. in the transceive data line in radio station and radio station.
7. other peripheral circuits: this partial circuit mainly is the operating state indicating circuit of power supply, power-off protecting circuit, real time clock circuit and TNC.
Hardware TNC has been widely used in the ground station of a lot of The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporations at present, for example ground station of Delft ,Holland Polytechnics (TUDelft), Tokyo University ground station etc., but because of there is the hardware cost height in it, need periodic maintenance, the device external interface can't be changed, problems such as hardware device upgrading difficulty and protocol compatibility have seriously fettered terminal use's application.And along with the development of microelectric technique, the data processing of computer and data storage capacities are from strength to strength, terminal computer sound card audio signal function also is gradually improved simultaneously, and terminal computer can satisfy the requirement of user to Audio Signal Processing and storage fully.Therefore, by hardware replace by software, only need to send the preliminary demodulated data in radio station to terminal computer, and the data of terminal computer packing are sent to the radio station, and finish the work that original hardware TNC finishes by terminal computer software TNC.Not only make operation more simple and convenient, the also obvious cost that reduced.But in the use of software TNC, terminal computer can't directly be connected with the radio station, needs a digital signal interface circuit of design with connecting terminal computer and ground station radio station.The hardware interface device of a kind of UHF/VHF satellite ground of the present invention station software TNC promptly is to design for addressing this problem.
(3) summary of the invention
The present invention is the hardcore interface arrangement of a kind of UHF/VHF microsatellite software TNC of ground station, is applied to and the The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation digital communication.This interface arrangement is mainly by sending signal circuit, received signal circuit, PTT(Push To Talk) control circuit etc. forms.Position annexation between them: three groups of circuit are arranged in parallel, and earth point is separate.
Described transmission signal circuit is the part of star ground uplink communication, is used to handle the audio baseband signal based on the AX.25 agreement from the terminal computer sound card, and sends this baseband signal to the ground station radio station.Near the radio station end by the signal attenuation circuit of forming by 1K slip potentiometer and 1nF electric capacity, regulate on the one hand potentiometer and can change signal voltage from the sound card end, avoid ground station's radio station transmitting terminal overload, have the signal filtering function on the other hand.Transtation mission circuit has reduced the interference of clutter having used the RG174 coaxial cable respectively with in being connected of land station and terminal computer.
Described received signal circuit is used for being handled by the baseband signal based on the AX.25 agreement of the preliminary demodulation of land station, and sends baseband signal to the terminal computer sound card.Land station end loop and terminal computer sound card end loop are by 1:1(600 Europe) audio frequency transformer separates, and avoided the interference of mutual electromagnetic signal, and can be disconnected to the face radio station simultaneously and be connected with the direct of terminal computer sound card.Same transtation mission circuit is having signal attenuation circuit near terminal computer sound card end, and simultaneously, the scalable signal voltage avoids overload to damage sound card.And the received signal circuit has reduced the interference of clutter having used the RG174 coaxial cable respectively with in being connected of land station and terminal computer.
Described PTT control circuit, the PTT that is used for connecting terminal computer RS232 serial ports end and land station ACC (13 needle connector) holds.Can send instruction by software TNC, hold via the PTT that the PTT control circuit sends ACC to, reach the purpose that control signal sent and received sequential by serial ports.Use the photosensitive coupler of 4N33 to finish the transmission of control signal in this circuit, disconnected ground station radio station and the direct of terminal computer simultaneously and be connected, reduced mutual interference.
Consider the ground station that is in the area, down town, its surrounding enviroment electromagnetic signal complexity, inevitably can make digital baseband signal introduce electromagnetic noise in transmission course, for reducing the influence of electromagnetic noise, the present invention adopts following key technology to reduce the influence of electromagnetic noise:
(1) sends signal circuit and received signal circuit and be arranged in parallel, and separately earth terminal is set, reduced influencing each other between each loop.
(2) adopt the RG174 coaxial cable, make to send signal circuit and received signal circuit and be connected with the terminal computer sound card with the ground station radio station respectively.As accompanying drawing 2, the center copper cash 1 of RG174 coaxial cable and netted conductive layer 3 forms current circuits, between center copper cash and netted conductive layer plastic insulation 2 arranged, and outermost layer has crust 4 protections, shielded the external electromagnetic signal.About 1 meter of the RG174 coaxial cable that the hardware interface device is connected with terminal computer with the ground station radio station respectively, cable loss is 0.0191dB, visible coaxial cable has effectively reduced weakening of signal strength signal intensity.
(3) in the PTT control circuit, adopted photosensitive coupler 4N33, guaranteed the transmission of control signal on the one hand, made terminal computer serial ports and radio station ACC end isolated on the other hand.
(4) receiving and sending in the signal circuit, the use of audio frequency transformer has guaranteed the isolation in terminal computer sound card and ground station radio station, also helps reducing simultaneously electromagnetic noise.
Advantage and effect: the hardcore interface arrangement of a kind of UHF/VHF satellite ground of the present invention station software TNC, its advantage and effect are: with the hardware circuit design of novelty simplification, finish being connected of terminal computer sound card and land station, make software TNC really can finish the work of hardware TNC, make The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation digital communication hardware designs more simple and reliable simultaneously.On the other hand, can obviously reduce the required cost of whole work of finishing TNC.Domestic digital communication based on the UHF/VHF ground satellite station at present generally uses hardware TNC to finish the digital communication task, the report that does not have software TNC to use in the The Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation digital communication as yet.Apparatus of the present invention can be used for the digital communication that assistant software TNC realizes amateur radio frequency (UHF/VHF) ground satellite station.
(4) description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention
Concrete label declaration is as follows among the figure:
1-received signal circuit
2-sends signal circuit
The 3-PTT control circuit
4-ground station radio station
The 5-terminal computer
6-1K slip potentiometer
The photosensitive coupler of 7-4N33
Fig. 2 is a RG174 coaxial cable sectional view
Concrete label declaration is as follows among the figure:
1-center copper cash
The 2-plastic insulation
The netted conductive layer of 3-
The 4-crust
(5) embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, art designs of the present invention is described further.
(1) the present invention is a kind of UHF/VHF satellite ground station software TNC hardcore interface arrangement, and it is made up of transmission signal circuit 2, received signal circuit 1, PTT control circuit 3.The RG174 coaxial cable is used in 1,2,3 and 4,5 connection.The PTT control circuit is used to control transmission, the reception sequential between land station 4 and the terminal computer 5.
(2) transmission signal circuit 2 is used to handle the digital signal based on the AX.25 agreement from terminal computer 5, and sends this signal to land station 4.Signal attenuation circuit being arranged near terminal computer 5 sound card ends, form by 1K slip potentiometer 6 and some electric capacity, can reduce signal voltage on the one hand from the sound card end, avoid ground station radio station 4 transmitting terminals overload, have the signal filtering function on the other hand.Use the RG174 coaxial cable in being connected of hardware interface circuit and land station 4 and terminal computer 5, can obviously reduce signal attenuation, reduced noise jamming.
(3) received signal circuit 1 is used for the baseband signal based on the AX.25 agreement from ground station radio station 4 is handled, and baseband signal is sent among the software TNC by terminal computer 5 sound cards.Ground station radio station 4 end loops and terminal computer 5 sound card end loops are separated by the 1:1 audio frequency transformer, avoid the phase mutual interference, can be disconnected to direct connection of face station radio 4 and terminal computer 5 sound cards simultaneously.
(4) the PTT control circuit 3, the PTT end of the RS232 serial ports end of connecting terminal computer 5 and the ACC in ground station radio station 4.Can reach the purpose that control signal sent and received sequential by software TNC by the PTT end of RS232 serial ports via PTT control circuit 3 control ACC.Use photosensitive coupler 7 to finish the transmission of control signal in the PTT control circuit 3.
(5) this UHF/VHF satellite ground station software TNC hardcore interface arrangement, the earth terminal that sends signal circuit 2 and received signal circuit 1 is provided with separately, does not have coupling, and signal is noiseless each other.
(6) sending signal circuit and received signal circuit uses the RG174 coaxial cable to be connected with terminal computer 5 sound cards with ground station radio station 4 respectively.
Claims (3)
1. the hardware interface device of the software TNC of UHF/VHF microsatellite ground station, it is characterized in that: it is made up of transmission signal circuit, received signal circuit, PTT control circuit, and the PTT control circuit is used to control transmission, the reception sequential between ground station radio station and the terminal computer.
Described transmission signal circuit is used to handle the baseband signal based on the AX.25 agreement from terminal computer, and sends this signal to radio station.Near terminal computer sound card end signal attenuation circuit is being arranged, scalable is avoided radio station transmitting terminal overload from the signal voltage of sound card end on the one hand, has the signal filtering function on the other hand.Use the RG174 coaxial cable in being connected of circuit and radio station and terminal computer, can reduce the interference of clutter.
Described received signal circuit is used for the baseband signal based on the AX.25 agreement from the ground station radio station is handled, and baseband signal is sent among the software TNC by the terminal computer sound card.Ground station's radio station end loop and terminal computer sound card end loop are separated by the 1:1 audio frequency transformer, avoid the phase mutual interference, disconnect the ground station radio station and are connected with the direct of terminal computer sound card.
Described PTT control circuit, the PTT end of connecting terminal computer RS232 serial ports end and the radio station ACC of ground station.Can reach the purpose that control signal sent and received sequential by software TNC by the PTT end of RS232 serial ports via PTT control circuit control ACC.Used photosensitive coupler to finish the transmission of control signal in the circuit.
2. the hardware interface device of a kind of UHF/VHF microsatellite software TNC of ground station according to claim 1, the earth terminal that sends signal circuit and received signal circuit is provided with separately, does not have coupling, and signal is noiseless each other.
3. a kind of UHF/VHF satellite ground station software TNC interface arrangement according to claim 1 sends signal circuit and adopts potentiometer to adjust the voltage that circuit is connected sound card end and radio station end with the received signal circuit, avoids overload.
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| CN201310086552.4A CN103220037B (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2013-03-19 | The hardware interface device of a kind of UHF/VHF microsatellite ground station software TNC |
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| CN201310086552.4A CN103220037B (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2013-03-19 | The hardware interface device of a kind of UHF/VHF microsatellite ground station software TNC |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111405391A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-07-10 | 深圳市普威技术有限公司 | Method and device for improving communication quality of communication equipment and communication equipment |
| CN111522382A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 深圳市十盏灯科技有限责任公司 | Live broadcast sound card voltage output control method and structure thereof |
| CN112399450A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-02-23 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Interference evaluation method and device |
| CN113706850A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 上海埃威航空电子有限公司 | Remote control unit based on VHF frequency channel radio station |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111405391A (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2020-07-10 | 深圳市普威技术有限公司 | Method and device for improving communication quality of communication equipment and communication equipment |
| CN111522382A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 深圳市十盏灯科技有限责任公司 | Live broadcast sound card voltage output control method and structure thereof |
| CN112399450A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-02-23 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Interference evaluation method and device |
| CN112399450B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2023-06-16 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Interference assessment method and device |
| CN113706850A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 上海埃威航空电子有限公司 | Remote control unit based on VHF frequency channel radio station |
| CN113706850B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-12-22 | 上海埃威航空电子有限公司 | Remote control unit based on VHF frequency band radio station |
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