CN103219847B - A kind of composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor of brushless exciterless harmonic exitation - Google Patents
A kind of composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor of brushless exciterless harmonic exitation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103219847B CN103219847B CN201310111240.4A CN201310111240A CN103219847B CN 103219847 B CN103219847 B CN 103219847B CN 201310111240 A CN201310111240 A CN 201310111240A CN 103219847 B CN103219847 B CN 103219847B
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Abstract
The composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor of a kind of brushless exciterless harmonic exitation, including casing, stator core, armature winding, harmonic exitation winding, rotor core, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, permanent magnet, non-magnet material, rotating shaft；Armature winding and harmonic wave Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are distributed in stator slot；Being disposed with permanent magnet and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in rotor core, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is distributed in the rotor slot between two pieces of permanent magnets, and every pole Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is respectively by the direct short circuit of diode；Rotor non-magnet material is between rotor core and rotating shaft；Harmonic exitation winding is connected with excitation controller.The present invention, when motor runs, can realize the regulation of generator voltage, has the advantage that air-gap field is easy to adjust；In the case of there is no brush, slip ring and AC exciter, the advantage maintaining magneto non-brushing；There is not axial magnetic circuit and additional air gap, electrical excitation loss is little, and electric efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of motors, relate to a kind of magneto.
Background technology
Compared with electro-magnetic motor, magneto has high efficiency, high power density, simple in construction and the plurality of advantages such as reliable so that magneto is all widely used in fields such as industrial, civilian, military and Aero-Space.But, either magneto or permanent magnet motor, the shortcoming that all there is air-gap field regulation difficulty.When electromotor use made by magneto, its terminal voltage can change with factor changes such as load, load characteristic or prime mover rotating speeds, thus affects the quality of PM generator output voltage；When motor use made by magneto, it is difficult to obtain broad speed adjustable range.Therefore, the shortcoming of magneto air-gap field regulation difficulty limits the extensive application of magneto the most to a certain extent.
Two kinds of excitation magnetic kinetic potentials of existence in hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor: permanent-magnet magnetic kinetic potential and electrical excitation magnetomotive force, achieve the regulation of magneto air-gap field by regulation electrical excitation magnetomotive force.Through Chinese scholars years of researches, nearly 30 kinds of existing hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor structure.In these hybrid excitation permanent magnet motors, some hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, in addition to there is radial magnetic field, there is also axial magnetic field, thus adds the motor length of magnetic path so that motor axial length is unsuitable oversize.Some hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor is made up of a permanent magnet synchronous motors and an electric excitation synchronous motor, and two motors are separate on magnetic circuit, thus reduce the power density of motor.Some hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, except there is the main air gap of work, there is also additional air gap, thus reduces the efficiency of motor, and electric machine structure also becomes complicated simultaneously.
But, there is a class hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor stator identical with common alternating current generator, existing permanent magnet on rotor, there is again Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, the magnetic flux that both produce flows through identical electric machine iron core, improves the utilization rate of material, the advantage maintaining magneto high power density.Motor does not exist axial magnetic field and additional air gap, maintains the high efficiency advantage of magneto.But owing to Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is positioned on rotor, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is made to still need to realize by the machinery such as brush and slip ring with outside connection under conditions of not having AC exciter, the non-brushing of motor can not be realized, not only reduce motor reliability of operation, and add the maintenance cost of motor.For the advantage keeping such hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor, overcome its shortcoming simultaneously, Tsing-Hua University scholar proposes the hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor that a kind of harmonic exitation combines with permanent magnet excitation, but these motor stator and rotor are required to double winding, thus add complexity and the design cost of motor.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor of a kind of brushless exciterless harmonic exitation.On this rotor in addition to permanent magnet, only have set of excitation winding, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of every pole by a direct short circuit of diode, can regulate rotor every pole Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection electric current, to realize the regulation of magneto air-gap field by regulation stator harmonic exitation winding current respectively.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A kind of composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor of brushless exciterless harmonic exitation, including a casing, casing is built with the stator being made up of stator core, stator armature winding, stator harmonic exitation winding and the rotor being made up of rotor core, rotor field coil, permanent magnet, non-magnet material, rotating shaft.Stator armature winding and stator harmonic exitation winding are distributed in the groove along the circumferential direction offered in stator core；Permanent magnet and rotor field coil it is disposed with in rotor core, in the groove that the rotor core that rotor field coil is distributed between two pieces of permanent magnets is along the circumferential direction offered, and rotor every pole Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is respectively by the direct short circuit of diode, non-magnet material is between rotor core and rotating shaft.
Described stator armature winding can be three-phase windings, it is also possible to for single-phase or polyphase windings；Can be integer groove winding, it is also possible to for fractional-slot winding.
Described stator harmonic exitation winding can be three-phase windings, it is also possible to for single-phase or polyphase windings.
The described rotor permanent magnet mode of magnetizing can be cutting orientation magnetizing, it is also possible to magnetize for radial magnetizing or mixing.
Described rotor can be in stator or be positioned over outside stator.
Described stator armature winding and stator harmonic exitation winding can the separate or functions that use a set of stator armature winding to realize double winding.
Described composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor number of pole-pairs can the most arbitrarily be arranged, and stator poles logarithm is identical with rotor pole logarithm.
Described rotor field coil pitch is identical with stator harmonic exitation winding pitch.
Double winding is arranged: stator armature winding and stator harmonic exitation winding on the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor stator of a kind of brushless exciterless harmonic exitation of the present invention, both can the separate or function that uses a set of stator armature winding to realize double winding.Stator armature winding is used for energy converting between mechanical, and stator harmonic exitation winding is for producing static harmonic field, and stator harmonic exitation winding number of pole-pairs is more than stator armature winding number of pole-pairs.Not only having permanent magnet on rotor, and arrange rotor field coil, rotor field coil pitch is identical with stator harmonic exitation winding pitch, and the rotor field coil of every pole is respectively by the direct short circuit of diode.Rotor pole logarithm is identical with stator armature winding number of pole-pairs.Stator armature winding is corresponding with rotor permanent magnet and rotor field coil, produces electromagnetic induction effect, is equivalent to the synchronous generator of a rotary pole；Meanwhile, rotor field coil is corresponding with stator harmonic exitation winding again, produces electromagnetic induction effect, is equivalent to the synchronous generator of a rotating armature.The electromotive force of rotor every pole Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection sensing obtains DC excitation electric current after diode rectification, and the electrical excitation magnetomotive force that this DC excitation electric current is set up is for regulating the air-gap field of motor.It is input to the electric current in stator harmonic exitation winding by regulation and just can realize the regulation of rotor every pole Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection electric current, thus reach to regulate air-gap field and the purpose of generator voltage.
Compared with prior art, the hybrid excitation permanent magnet motor of the present invention has following features.
1, the regulation of generator voltage can be realized by controlling the electric current of stator harmonic exitation winding, there is the advantage that air-gap field is easy to adjust and is easily achieved.
2, without brush, slip ring and AC exciter, and rotor only has set of excitation winding, has simple in construction, the advantage that reliability is high.
3 is similar to common permanent magnetic synchronous motor structure, there is not axial magnetic circuit and additional air gap, and harmonic exitation is only used for realizing the auxiliary adjustment of air-gap field, and electrical excitation capacity is less, maintains magneto high power density and high efficiency advantage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Section A-A figure of Fig. 2, for the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor structure schematic diagram of a kind of brushless exciterless harmonic exitation.Wherein 1 is casing, and 2 is stator core, and 3 is stator armature winding, and 4 is stator harmonic exitation winding, and 5 is permanent magnet, and 6 is rotating shaft, and 7 is rotor core, and 8 is rotor field coil, and 9 is non-magnet material, and 10 is bearing.
Fig. 2 is motor sectional view in Fig. 1, with 4 extremely examples.Wherein 2 is stator core, and 3 is stator armature winding, and 4 is stator harmonic exitation winding, and 5 is permanent magnet, 6 is rotating shaft, and 7 is rotor core, and 8 is rotor field coil, 9 is non-magnet material, and 11 is the groove arranging winding in stator core, and 12 is the groove arranging Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in rotor core.
Fig. 3 is B-B part detailed description figure in Fig. 2, for convenience, expands into straight line and draws.Wherein 2 is stator core, and 3 is stator armature winding, and 4 is stator harmonic exitation winding, and 5 is permanent magnet, 6 is rotating shaft, and 7 is rotor core, and 8 is rotor field coil, 9 is non-magnet material, and 11 is the groove arranging winding in stator core, and 12 is the groove arranging Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection in rotor core.The second harmonic magnetic field produced after also depict stator harmonic exitation winding input direct-current electric current in figure.
Fig. 4 is the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor circuit theory diagrams of brushless exciterless harmonic exitation.
Detailed description of the invention
With specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment.
From Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor of a kind of brushless exciterless harmonic exitation of the present invention, including casing 1, is configured with stator core 2 in casing, along the circumferential direction slot in stator core 2, in groove, be disposed with stator armature winding 3 and stator harmonic exitation winding 4.Casing 1 maintains static with stator core 2.Being configured with rotating shaft 6 in casing 1, rotating shaft 6 is connected with casing 1 by bearing 10.Configuring non-magnet material 9 in rotating shaft 6, rotor core 7 is fixed on non-magnet material 9；Meanwhile, rotor core 7 is disposed with permanent magnet 5 and rotor field coil 8, the rotor core 7 between two pieces of permanent magnets 5 is slotted, in groove, arrange rotor field coil 8.Rotor field coil 8, permanent magnet 5, rotor core 7 and non-magnet material 9 can together with rotate in stator core along with rotating shaft.
The operation principle of the present invention is: when empty load of motor runs, and rotating shaft 6 rotates with synchronous speed, and rotor permanent magnet 5 is set up non-load air gap field, sensed the no-load electromotive force of synchronizing frequency in stator armature winding 3, and this electromotive force keeps constant in rotating speed one timing.When after inductive load in motor belt motor, due to the demagnetizing effect of armature-reaction so that the electromotive force of stator armature winding 3 declines.In order to regulate the electromotive force of stator armature winding 3, stator core 2 arranges stator harmonic exitation winding 4, rotor core 7 arranges rotor field coil 8, and the pitch of rotor field coil 8 is identical with stator harmonic exitation winding 4 pitch.When stator harmonic exitation winding 4 is passed through unidirectional current, between its static harmonic field and rotor field coil 8 of rotation of producing, there is relative motion, at rotor field coil 8 induced harmonics electromotive force, after diode rectification, obtain DC excitation electric current.The electrical excitation magnetomotive force that this DC excitation electric current produces can regulate air-gap field and the electromotive force of stator armature winding 3 of motor, i.e. by changing the electromotive force of the electric current armature winding of the most controlled formulation 3 of stator harmonic exitation winding 4, in the case of there is no brush, slip ring and AC exciter, achieve the function regulating generator voltage on stator, the advantage maintaining magneto non-brushing.
The electromagnetic action between stator harmonic exitation winding 4 and rotor field coil 8 is illustrated referring to Fig. 3.By stator armature winding 3 pole span for illustrating as a example by the twice of stator harmonic exitation winding 4 pole span, stator armature winding 3 in Fig. 3 and stator harmonic exitation winding 4 are all as a example by simplest concentrated and full-pitch windings.Stator harmonic exitation winding 4 is passed through DC current, will produce second harmonic magnetic field, as shown in Figure 3 in air gap.This magnetic field is static relative to stator core 2, and the rotor core 7 rotated with synchronous speed exists relative motion, and in rotor field coil 8, the frequency of induction electromotive force is the twice of stator armature winding 3 first-harmonic induction electromotive force.When rotating shaft rotating speed keeps constant, change the DC current size of stator harmonic exitation winding 4, just the induction electromotive force size of rotor field coil 8 can be regulated, under conditions of there is no brush, slip ring and AC exciter, achieving and by stator side, magnetization energy is delivered to rotor-side, circuit theory diagrams are as shown in Figure 4.
Stator harmonic exitation winding 8 of the present invention is connected with excitation controller.During as electromotor, stator armature winding 3 is connected with load；During as motor, stator armature winding 3 is connected with driving power supply.
Claims (6)
1. the composite excitation permanent magnet synchronous motor of a brushless exciterless harmonic exitation, including a casing, it is characterized in that casing is built with the stator being made up of stator core, stator armature winding, stator harmonic exitation winding and the rotor being made up of rotor core, rotor field coil, permanent magnet, non-magnet material, rotating shaft；Stator armature winding and stator harmonic exitation winding are distributed in the groove along the circumferential direction offered in stator core；Permanent magnet and rotor field coil it is disposed with in rotor core, rotor field coil pitch is identical with stator harmonic exitation winding pitch, in the groove that the rotor core that rotor field coil is distributed between two pieces of permanent magnets of adjacent cutting orientation magnetizing is along the circumferential direction offered, and it is symmetrical about pole center line, rotor every pole Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is respectively by the direct short circuit of diode, and non-magnet material is between rotor core and rotating shaft.
Motor the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that described stator armature winding is single-phase or polyphase windings.
Motor the most according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that described stator armature winding is integer groove winding or fractional-slot winding.
Motor the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that described stator harmonic exitation winding is single-phase or polyphase windings.
Motor the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that described rotor or is positioned over outside stator in stator.
Motor the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that motor number of pole-pairs can the most arbitrarily be arranged, and stator poles logarithm is identical with rotor pole logarithm.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101651394A (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2010-02-17 | 清华大学 | Mixed excitation magnetoelectric machine adopting harmonic excitation |
| CN101662176A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-03-03 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | High-power harmonic wave excitation generator |
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| JP5302527B2 (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2013-10-02 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Rotating electric machine and drive control device thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101651394A (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2010-02-17 | 清华大学 | Mixed excitation magnetoelectric machine adopting harmonic excitation |
| CN101662176A (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2010-03-03 | 永济新时速电机电器有限责任公司 | High-power harmonic wave excitation generator |
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