CN103217828B - Display device - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN103217828B
CN103217828B CN201310156720.2A CN201310156720A CN103217828B CN 103217828 B CN103217828 B CN 103217828B CN 201310156720 A CN201310156720 A CN 201310156720A CN 103217828 B CN103217828 B CN 103217828B
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liquid crystal
crystal layer
polaroid
organic light
light emitting
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CN201310156720.2A
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CN103217828A (en
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金起满
郑喆奎
柳在健
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201310156720.2A priority Critical patent/CN103217828B/en
Publication of CN103217828A publication Critical patent/CN103217828A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2013/082997 priority patent/WO2014176850A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/50OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10KORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80Constructional details
    • H10K59/875Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K59/878Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising reflective means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/44Arrangements combining different electro-active layers, e.g. electrochromic, liquid crystal or electroluminescent layers

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  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of organic LED display device, relate to technical field of liquid crystal display.Described display device includes: organic light emitting diodde desplay device and be positioned at the polaroid above described organic light emitting diodde desplay device, also include the liquid crystal layer between described organic light emitting diodde desplay device and polaroid, in described liquid crystal layer, the slow axis direction of liquid crystal and the absorption direction of principal axis of described polaroid are predetermined angle, so that described organic light emitting diodde desplay device is when non-display state, the exterior light of described organic light emitting diodde desplay device is incided after described organic light emitting diodde desplay device reflects again from described polaroid outgoing from described polaroid.The present invention utilizes liquid crystal layer to achieve the effect of λ/4 thin film, is attached in OLED display by the mirror function with clear reflection characteristic so that OLED display is not when performing display operation, it is possible to be used as mirror clearly.

Description

Display device
Technical field
The present invention relates to Display Technique field, be specifically related to a kind of display device.
Background technology
In recent years, in order to meet the diversified demand of client, businessman is advancing electronic product Composite and multifunction.Correspondingly, Organic Light Emitting Diode (Organic Light Emitting Diode, OLED) field of display devices also research and development not only there is intrinsic display function But also comprise the novel product of other functions.As the ring in this product multifunction, People are just attempting in mobile phone or personal digital assistant (Personal Digital Assistant, PDA) Etc. increase mirror function in OLED display.
In prior art, deposit the gold such as argentum powder, titanium valve by the vacuum section in OLED Belong to powder, independently form reflection window or bonding reflective film to form mirror, or at OLED In internal electron injecting layer or hole transmission layer, mixing can promote the reflection of external light reflection rate Rate is promoted material and is realized reflection function.Mirror function to be realized also need to going out in OLED One λ/4 thin film and a polaroid are set on light direction
The process of display device mirror function of the prior art and normal display function is as follows:
(1) mirror function: now OLED is in non-light emitting state, exterior light is similar to nature Light, for the set of line polarized light in all directions, after the first polaroid, becomes polarization side To the line polarized light that direction of principal axis is vertical that absorbs with described polaroid, then postpone through λ/4 thin film After become the circularly polarized light of left-hand/right-hand, become dextrorotation after being reflected by the reflecting layer of OLED / left-handed circularly polarized light, becomes polarization direction and described polarisation after postponing again by λ/4 thin film Sheet absorb the vertical line polarized light of direction of principal axis, it is thus possible to from polaroid outgoing, reach fine Reflecting effect, thus there is mirror function;
(2) function is normally shown: now OLED is in luminance, the light that OLED sends Line is similar to nature light, for the set of line polarized light in all directions, is postponed by λ/4 thin film The most still it is similar to nature light, realizes display by polaroid outgoing the most again.But work as exterior light In the case of stronger, display device has preferably mirror function equally, and this is with regard to serious shadow Ring normal display effect.
Aforesaid way can play mirror merit in the case of OLED does not send any light Can, i.e. can play the effect of mirror when OLED does not shows, but enter at OLED During row display operation, especially under strong exterior light environment, greatly reducing OLED self Observability.
Summary of the invention
(1) to solve the technical problem that
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provide a kind of organic LED display device, It utilizes the self structure of liquid crystal and OLED can provide mirror function, and this display device The structurally and operationally characteristic of itself is unaffected.
(2) technical scheme
For solving the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of display device, including: organic light emission Diodde desplay device and be positioned at the polaroid above described organic light emitting diodde desplay device, Also include the liquid crystal layer between described organic light emitting diodde desplay device and polaroid, institute State the slow axis direction of liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer with the absorption direction of principal axis of described polaroid in predetermined Angle so that described organic light emitting diodde desplay device is when non-display state, from described partially Mating plate incides the exterior light of described organic light emitting diodde desplay device through described organic light emission Again from described polaroid outgoing after diodde desplay device reflection.
Wherein, described predetermined angle is: 15 °~15 ° or 75 °~105 °.
Wherein, described predetermined angle is: 5 °~5 ° or 85 °~95 °.
Wherein, in the face of described liquid crystal layer, length of delay is 0.
Wherein, described predetermined angle is: 30 °~60 °.
Wherein, described predetermined angle is: 40 °~50 °.
Wherein, in the face of described liquid crystal layer, length of delay is 100nm~180nm.
Wherein, in the face of described liquid crystal layer, length of delay is 130nm~150nm.
Wherein, described organic light emitting diodde desplay device includes successively: transparent positive electrode, sky Cave transport layer, organic luminous layer, electron injecting layer and negative electrode.
Wherein, described liquid crystal layer includes: first substrate, second substrate and be filled between the two Liquid crystal molecule, described first substrate and second substrate surface the most in opposite directions is sequentially provided with oriented layer, At least one described first substrate and second substrate are provided with electrode structure, and described electrode structure is used for Form the electric field making described liquid crystal molecule deflect.
Wherein, described liquid crystal layer is plane switching mode, fringe field switching mode, vertical orientation Pattern, twisted nematic pattern or the liquid crystal layer of electrically controlled birefringence mode pattern.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention utilizes liquid crystal layer to substitute λ/4 thin film, makes OLED display realize mirror There is clear reflection characteristic, i.e. OLED display when not performing display operation during function, Can act as mirror clearly, and when performing display operation, liquid crystal layer makes OLED display dress Put and there is antireflective properties;Therefore, under strong exterior light environment, the knot of this display device itself Structure and operating characteristic are unaffected.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is liquid crystal layer slow axis direction and polaroid absorbs when axial angle is 45 ° this The structure and working principle schematic diagram of bright device;
Fig. 3 is liquid crystal layer slow axis direction and polaroid absorbs when axial angle is 0 ° this The structure and working principle schematic diagram of bright device;
Fig. 4 is liquid crystal layer slow axis direction and polaroid absorbs when axial angle is 90 ° this The structure and working principle schematic diagram of bright device.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is made the most in detail Describe.Following example are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.The invention provides a kind of organic light emission two Pole tube display device, this display device includes: organic light emitting diodde desplay device 4, successively position Liquid crystal layer on described organic light emitting diodde desplay device 4 and polaroid 1.The present embodiment In, liquid crystal layer includes: first substrate 21, second substrate 22 and be filled in liquid crystal between the two and divide Son 3, described first substrate 21 and second substrate 22 surface the most in opposite directions are sequentially provided with oriented layer. At least one first substrate 21 and second substrate 22 are provided with electrode structure, and (described electrode structure takes Certainly in the display pattern belonging to liquid crystal layer, such as: for the liquid crystal layer of TN pattern, first substrate 21 and second substrate 22 surface the most in opposite directions be equipped with one layer of electrode), described electrode structure is used In forming the electric field making described liquid crystal molecule deflect.Described organic light emitting diodde desplay device 4 Include successively: transparent positive electrode, hole transmission layer, organic luminous layer, electron injecting layer and negative Electrode.
The absorption direction of principal axis of the slow axis direction of described liquid crystal molecule 3 and described polaroid 1 is in advance Clamp angle, so that organic light emitting diodde desplay device is when non-display state, enters from polaroid It is mapped to the exterior light of organic light emitting diodde desplay device through organic light emitting diodde desplay device Again from described polaroid outgoing after reflection, even if extraneous light reflection, display device is made to have mirror The effect of son.Liquid crystal initial orientation can be realized by predetermined angle by oriented layer.
Wherein, predetermined angle can be: 30 °~60 °, 15 °~15 ° or 75 °~105 °, excellent Elect as: 40 °~50 °, 5 °~5 ° or 85 °~95 °.In the face of described liquid crystal layer, length of delay is 100nm~180nm, preferably 130nm~150nm.
The display device of the present embodiment is to realize normally showing and mirror function by the following two kinds mode :
1) when not applying the slow axis direction of electric field and described liquid crystal layer on described liquid crystal layer with described When the axial angle of absorption of polaroid 1 is 30 °~60 °, length of delay in the face of described liquid crystal layer For 100nm~180nm, described liquid crystal layer etc. is considered as λ/4 thin film;Exterior light is nature light, is The set of line polarized light in all directions, after described polaroid 1, light becomes inclined That shakes direction and described polaroid 1 absorbs the line polarized light that axle is vertical, prolongs through described liquid crystal layer Lag and become circularly polarized light or the elliptically polarized light of left-hand/right-hand, this circularly polarized light or elliptical polarization Light incide the electrode of OLED change into the dextrorotation/left circularly polarized light rotated in mutually opposite directions or Elliptically polarized light and be again incident on liquid crystal layer (being equivalent to λ/4 thin film) postpone after again become inclined That shakes direction and described polaroid 1 absorbs the line polarized light that axle is consistent, and light is by described polaroid 1 Absorb, therefore light can not outgoing, thus efficiently perform anti-reflection function, the most do not possess mirror Subfunction, when display, exterior light does not interferes with the light that OLED sends, and makes display device normal Display.
Wherein, differing of exterior light of reflection is set to the electrode of OLED, it is also possible at OLED The vacuum section deposit metal dust such as argentum powder, titanium valve of device, independently forms reflection window or bonding Reflective film forms mirror, or at the electron injecting layer within OLED or hole transmission layer Middle mixing can be promoted the reflectance of external light reflection rate and promote material to realize mirror function.? In the embodiment of the present invention, possess by the electrode of OLED and illustrate explanation as a example by reflection function, But and it is not construed as limiting.
And the light that OLED sends is similar to nature light, the nearest after described liquid crystal layer retardation It is similar to nature light, the most only polarization direction inclined with the line absorbing axle consistent of described polaroid 1 The light that shakes is absorbed by described polaroid 1 completely, the light on other polarization directions can normally outgoing, Realize display device normally shows function.
When applying electric field on the liquid crystal layer, liquid crystal molecule 3 deflects, with Polarizer Absorb direction of principal axis there is 15 °~15 ° or 75 °~the angle of 105 °, and the face of described liquid crystal layer Interior length of delay is close to 0, and liquid crystal layer etc. is considered as air;Exterior light is nature light, is each side The set of line polarized light upwards, after described polaroid 1, light become polarization direction and Described polaroid 1 absorb the vertical line polarized light of axle, do not prolong after described liquid crystal layer Late, the electrode rear polarizer direction inciding OLED is not changed, therefore, it is possible to again through described Liquid crystal layer, described polaroid 1 outgoing, the most described exterior light is reflected away by the electrode of OLED, I.e. display device realizes mirror function.
Further, when not applying electric field and the slow axis side of described liquid crystal layer on described liquid crystal layer It is 40 °~50 ° to the axial angle of absorption with described polaroid 1, is so able to ensure that more Many light can not outgoing, thus more efficiently carry out anti-reflection function, during display, display device Display effect more preferable.
Further, when applying electric field on described liquid crystal layer, liquid crystal molecule 3 deflects, with The absorption direction of principal axis of Polarizer has 5 °~5 ° or 85 °~95 ° of angles, prolongs in the face of liquid crystal layer Value is closer to 0 late, it is possible to makes exterior light be reflected as far as possible, makes reflecting effect more preferably, Mirror image is apparent.
2) when not applying the slow axis direction of electric field and described liquid crystal layer on described liquid crystal layer with described When the axial angle of absorption of polaroid 1 is 15 °~15 ° or 75 °~105 °, described liquid In the face of crystal layer, length of delay is close to 0, and liquid crystal layer etc. is considered as air;Exterior light passes through described polarisation After sheet 1, light becomes the line polarized light that polarization direction is vertical with the absorption axle of described polaroid 1, Do not postpone after described liquid crystal layer, incide the electrode rear polarizer direction of OLED not by Change, therefore, it is possible to again through described liquid crystal layer, described polaroid 1 outgoing, the most described outside Light is reflected away by the electrode of OLED, i.e. display device realizes mirror function.
When applying electric field on the liquid crystal layer, liquid crystal molecule 3 deflects, described liquid crystal In the face of layer, length of delay is 100nm~180nm, and described liquid crystal layer etc. is considered as λ/4 thin film;Outside Light is by after described polaroid 1, and light becomes the absorption axle of polarization direction and described polaroid 1 Vertical line polarized light, become after described liquid crystal layer retardation left-hand/right-hand circularly polarized light or Elliptically polarized light, this circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light incide the electrode of OLED changes into edge Rightabout rotate dextrorotation/left circularly polarized light or elliptically polarized light and be again incident on liquid crystal layer (being equivalent to λ/4 thin film) becomes the absorption axle of polarization direction and described polaroid 1 again after postponing Consistent line polarized light, light is absorbed by described polaroid 1, therefore light can not outgoing, from And efficiently perform anti-reflection function, and the most do not possess mirror function, when display, exterior light will not Affect the light that OLED sends, make display device normally show.
Further, when not applying electric field on the liquid crystal layer, described liquid crystal layer is at a slow speed Direction of principal axis is-5 °~5 ° or 85 °~95 ° with the axial angle of absorption of described polaroid 1, In the face of described liquid crystal layer, length of delay is closer to 0.5 °~5 ° or the angle energy of 85 °~95 ° Enough guarantee that more light outgoing, i.e. display device can serve as mirror, and mirror function is better.
Further, when applying electric field on the liquid crystal layer, liquid crystal molecule 3 deflects, In the face of described liquid crystal layer, length of delay is 130nm~150nm, it is possible to make through described liquid crystal layer It is consistent with the absorption axle of described polaroid that line polarized light is delayed polarization direction as far as possible, makes to resist More preferably, display effect during display is more preferable for reflection function.
In the present embodiment, described liquid crystal layer can be made as plane conversion (In-Plane Switching, IPS) pattern, fringe field switching (Fringe Field Switching, FFS) pattern, vertically join To (Vertical Alignment, VA) pattern, twisted nematic (Twisted Nematic, TN) Pattern or electrically controlled birefringence mode (Electrically Controlled Birefringence, ECB) mould Formulas etc., as long as functionally can play the effect substituting λ/4 thin film.
Fig. 2 is that to absorb axial angle be 45 ° for slow axis direction and the polaroid of liquid crystal molecule 3 Time apparatus of the present invention structure and working principle schematic diagram.
Display device in the present embodiment is operated in the principle of display pattern:
Liquid crystal layer is present between first substrate 21 and second substrate 22, initially taking of liquid crystal molecule 3 To so that when liquid crystal layer not being applied electric field, the slow axis of liquid crystal molecule 3 and the suction of polaroid The angle received between axle is 45 °, and in the face of liquid crystal layer, length of delay is 140nm.Now, liquid crystal layer Play the function identical with λ/4 of the prior art thin film.That is, exterior light is become by polaroid 1 Line polarized light, by becoming circularly polarized light after liquid crystal layer, this circularly polarized light incides the electricity of OLED Pole is changed into the circularly polarized light rotated in mutually opposite directions and is again incident on liquid crystal layer, after being delayed by Become the line polarized light that polarization direction is consistent with the absorption direction of principal axis of polaroid, inhaled by polaroid 1 Receive, thus efficiently perform anti-reflection function, it is achieved display function.
Display device in the present embodiment is operated in the principle of mirror mode:
When being applied with electric field on liquid crystal layer, liquid crystal molecule 3 rotates in the plane, and liquid crystal divides The slow axis of son 3 and the angle absorbed between axle of polaroid are 0 ° or 90 °.Liquid crystal layer is no longer Playing the effect of λ/4 thin film, in the face of liquid crystal layer, length of delay is 0, and exterior light does not has Phase delay Ground, by liquid crystal layer, is reflected by the electrode of OLED device, it can be ensured that more effectively Light outgoing, thus display device can serve as mirror, and mirror function is better.
Fig. 3 is that to absorb axial angle be 0 ° for slow axis direction and the polaroid of liquid crystal molecule 3 Time apparatus of the present invention structure and working principle schematic diagram.
Display device in the present embodiment is operated in the principle of mirror mode:
By the initial orientation of liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 3 being made not to liquid crystal layer applying electric field Time, the slow axis of liquid crystal molecule 3 and the angle absorbed between axle of polaroid are 0 °, described liquid In the face of crystal layer, length of delay is 0.Now, liquid crystal layer does not play the effect of λ/4 thin film, exterior light Incide OLED without phase contrast and go out towards polaroid external reflection, it is possible to really Protect more light outgoing, thus display device can serve as mirror, and mirror function is better.
Display device in the present embodiment is operated in the principle of display pattern:
When being applied with electric field on liquid crystal layer, liquid crystal molecule 3 rotates in the plane, and liquid crystal divides The slow axis of son 3 and the angle absorbed between axle of polaroid 1 are 45 ° or 45 °, liquid crystal In the face of layer, length of delay is 140nm.Now, liquid crystal layer plays the function that λ/4 thin film is identical.Make Becoming circularly polarized light by the exterior light of polaroid 1, this circularly polarized light incides the electricity of OLED Pole is changed into the circularly polarized light rotated in mutually opposite directions and is again incident on liquid crystal layer, inclined by line style After photochemical, absorbed by polaroid, thus efficiently perform anti-reflection function, it is achieved display function.
Fig. 4 is that to absorb axial angle be 90 ° for slow axis direction and the polaroid of liquid crystal molecule 3 Time apparatus of the present invention structure and working principle schematic diagram.
Display device in the present embodiment is operated in the principle of mirror mode:
When in liquid crystal layer, the initial orientation of liquid crystal molecule 3 makes liquid crystal layer not to be applied electric field, liquid The slow axis of brilliant molecule 3 and the angle absorbed between axle of polaroid are 90 °, in the face of liquid crystal layer Length of delay is 0nm.Now, liquid crystal layer does not play the effect of λ/4 thin film, exterior light without Incide OLED phase contrast and go out towards polaroid external reflection, it can be ensured that be more Light outgoing, thus display device can serve as mirror, and mirror function is better.
Display device in the present embodiment is operated in the principle of display pattern:
When applying electric field on liquid crystal layer, liquid crystal molecule 3 rotates in the plane, and liquid crystal molecule 3 Slow axis and the angle absorbed between axle of polaroid be 45 ° or 45 °, the face of liquid crystal layer Interior length of delay is 140nm.Now, liquid crystal layer plays the function that λ/4 thin film is identical.That is, make to lead to The exterior light crossing polaroid becomes circularly polarized light, and this circularly polarized light incides the electrode of OLED and changes Become the circularly polarized light that rotates in mutually opposite directions and be again incident on λ/4 thin film, by line style polarization light After, absorbed by polaroid, thus efficiently perform anti-reflection function, it is achieved display function.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that lead for this technology For the those of ordinary skill in territory, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, it is also possible to Making some improvement and replacement, these improve and replace and also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a display device, including: organic light emitting diodde desplay device has described in being positioned at Polaroid above machine light emitting diodde desplay device, it is characterised in that also include being positioned at described Liquid crystal layer between organic light emitting diodde desplay device and polaroid, described organic light-emitting diodes Tube display part has vacuum section, is formed with metal dust in described vacuum section;Described liquid In crystal layer, the slow axis direction of liquid crystal molecule and the absorption direction of principal axis of described polaroid are predetermined angle;
So that described organic light emitting diodde desplay device is when non-display state, from described polarisation Sheet incides the exterior light of described organic light emitting diodde desplay device through described organic light emission two Again from described polaroid outgoing after metal dust reflection in the tube display part of pole;
So that described organic light emitting diodde desplay device show state time, incide described in have The exterior light of machine light emitting diodde desplay device becomes line polarized light through described polaroid, passes through Becoming circularly polarized light after liquid crystal layer, described circularly polarized light incides organic light emitting diode display Change into, after metal dust in part, the circularly polarized light rotated in mutually opposite directions and be again incident on liquid Crystal layer, after line style polarization light, is absorbed by polaroid.
2. display device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the face of described liquid crystal layer Interior length of delay is 0.
3. display device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described predetermined angle is: 30 °~60 °.
4. display device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described predetermined angle is: 40 °~50 °.
5. the display device as described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that described liquid crystal layer Face in length of delay be 100nm~180nm.
6. display device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the face of described liquid crystal layer Interior length of delay is 130nm~150nm.
7. display device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described organic light emission two Pole tube display part includes: transparent positive electrode, hole transmission layer, organic luminous layer, electronics are noted Enter layer and negative electrode.
8. display device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described liquid crystal layer includes: First substrate, second substrate and be filled in liquid crystal molecule between the two, described first substrate and Two substrates surface the most in opposite directions is sequentially provided with oriented layer, and described first substrate and second substrate are extremely One of few being provided with electrode structure, described electrode structure makes described liquid crystal molecule deflect for being formed Electric field.
9. display device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that described liquid crystal layer is flat Face translative mode, fringe field switching mode, vertical alignment mode, twisted nematic pattern or The liquid crystal layer of electrically controlled birefringence mode pattern.
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