CN103216323B - Stroke changing engine stroke switching mechanism - Google Patents
Stroke changing engine stroke switching mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN103216323B CN103216323B CN201310141247.0A CN201310141247A CN103216323B CN 103216323 B CN103216323 B CN 103216323B CN 201310141247 A CN201310141247 A CN 201310141247A CN 103216323 B CN103216323 B CN 103216323B
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- cam
- stroke
- oilhole
- camshaft
- peripheral surface
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
- F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
- F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
- F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
Abstract
The invention discloses a stroke changing engine stroke switching mechanism. Two axial sides of a camshaft are respectively provided with a bearing. A cam body is arranged on the camshaft. The cam body is composed of four cam sheet bodies. A hemispheric locating groove I is formed in a four-stroke operating mode air inlet cam along the direction from the inner circumferential face to the outer circumferential face; a hemispheric locating groove II is formed in a two-stroke operating mode air outlet cam along the direction from the inner circumferential face to the outer circumferential face; a groove hole, namely a guiding groove, with a circular cross section is formed in the camshaft outer circumferential face corresponding to the locating groove I; and a locating steel ball is arranged inside the locating groove and connected with one end of a spring inside the guiding groove and the other end of the spring is connected with the groove bottom of the guiding groove. Compared with the prior art, the stroke changing engine stroke switching mechanism has the advantages that change on a prior machine is small, a valve timing mechanism transmission portion is not changed, adaptability is strong, switching is rapid and stable and weight is light.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to a kind of switching mechanism, relates in particular to a kind of two-stroke engine stroke switching mechanism that becomes.
The internal-combustion engine that background technique is traditional is divided into four stroke engine and two stroke engine, it can only work under specific mode of operation, and the motor of different mode all has its Pros and Cons separately, the gas exchange process of four stroke engine carries out in two different piston strokes, scavenging loss is few and ventilation end of a period coefficient of residual gas is less, so at fuel consume, to compare two stroke engine obviously favourable with in discharge, but power character is poor compared with two stroke engine under high load working condition, in order to meet the high-power demand of four stroke engine when hypervelocity or the operating mode such as climbing, be necessary mode of operation now to switch to two stroke mode of operation, thereby realized in the situation that not increasing engine quality and discharge capacity, improved the reserve capacity of motor.
U. S. Patent Two-stroke and Four-stroke Switching Mechanism, patent No. US7036465B2, it discloses a kind of two-stroke and four-stroke handover mechanism, the main form that adopts two rocking arms, on pitman arm shaft, be integrated with four-stroke mode of operation rocking arm and two stroke operation pattern rocking arm, in the middle of both, there is connected element, in the middle of three, have for two and switch the mobile center hole of pin, switch pin works under the effect of oil pressure, when needs four-stroke mode of operation, four-stroke rocking arm switches pin and enters work, four-stroke rocking arm and intermediate member are connected as a single entity, two-stroke rocking arm is Fen Li with intermediate member simultaneously, now enter four-stroke mode of operation, when needs two stroke operation pattern, two-stroke rocking arm switches pin and enters work, and two-stroke rocking arm and intermediate member are connected as a single entity, and four-stroke rocking arm is Fen Li with intermediate member simultaneously, now enters two stroke operation pattern.This mechanism can realize the mutual switching between different working modes, but the change to former machine is larger, camshaft and rocking arm all will improve, and require stricter to the control of switching time, the fluctuation among a small circle of control program and oil pressure, oil temperature all likely causes the error in judgement of switching time, causes switching having some setbacks.
It is little that summary of the invention the object of the present invention is to provide one not only former machine to be changed, and do not change distribution device drive part, strong adaptability, and switch fast, steadily, quality is little, and processing is simple, change two-stroke engine stroke switching mechanism with low cost.
The present invention realizes cam body sliding axially on cam center axle by the execution of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) control electromagnetic driver, thereby reaches the switching of cam under different working modes.
The present invention mainly includes camshaft, bearing, cam body, fastening screw trip bolt, flat key, locking ball, spring and boss, the axial both sides of described camshaft are equipped with bearing, camshaft can coordinate with engine cylinder head upper bearing bracket by two bearings, realizes rotating freely in cylinder head, on described camshaft, establish cam body, this cam body is comprised of 4 cam lamellar bodies, they are followed successively by two stroke operation pattern intake cam vertically, four-stroke mode of operation intake cam, two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam and four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam, wherein four-stroke mode of operation intake cam and four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam are unimodal cam, two stroke operation pattern intake cam and two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam are double peak cam, these 4 cam lamellar bodies are connected with camshaft by flat key, and flat key is fixed in the keyway of camshaft by 3 screws, above-mentioned cam shaft is equipped with one with cam shaft line parallel and inserts successively the fastening screw trip bolt of 4 cam lamellar body inside to both sides, these two fastening screw trip bolts oppositely arrange, for guaranteeing that 4 cam lamellar bodies fit tightly, in the cam lamellar body slotted eye of the above-mentioned two fastening screw trip bolt ends of correspondence, establish internal thread, wherein fastening screw trip bolt end and a four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam being inserted by two stroke operation pattern intake cam is threaded connection, other clamping bolt end and a two stroke operation pattern intake cam being inserted by four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam is threaded connection, described two stroke operation pattern intake cam is provided with the boss I being connected as a single entity with it towards the side of camshaft spindle nose, the cross section of this boss I is circular-arc, and its side towards camshaft spindle nose is processed as helicoid, described four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam is provided with the boss II being connected as a single entity with it towards the side of cam shaft tail, the cross section of this boss II is circular-arc, and its side towards cam shaft tail is processed as helicoid, inner peripheral surface by described four-stroke mode of operation intake cam is established hemispheric slotted eye to outer peripheral surface direction, i.e. locating slot I, inner peripheral surface by described two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam is established hemispherical slotted eye to outer peripheral surface direction, i.e. locating slot II, described locating slot I is identical with the diameter of locating slot II, by camshaft outer peripheral surface corresponding to described locating slot I, establishing cross section to camshaft inside is circular slotted eye, it is guiding groove, the center line of this guiding groove is perpendicular to the axis of camshaft, and the diameter of guiding groove is more than or equal to the diameter of described locating slot I, the inner setting position steel ball of described locating slot I, the diameter of this locking ball is less than the diameter of locating slot I, and locking ball is connected with spring one end of described guiding groove inside, and the other end of this spring is connected with the bottom land of guiding groove.
On above-mentioned each cam lamellar body, be equipped with the oilhole passing through for lubricant oil, by the outer peripheral surface of described two stroke operation pattern intake cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole I; By the outer peripheral surface of described four-stroke mode of operation intake cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole II, and the inserting end of this oilhole II is connected with the bottom land of described locating slot I; By the outer peripheral surface of described two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole III, and the inserting end of this oilhole III is connected with the bottom land of described locating slot II; By the outer peripheral surface of described four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole IV.
The both sides of described guiding groove are established respectively one end and are connected with camshaft outer peripheral surface, the other end strip through-hole that is connected with camshaft central shaft hole, be oilhole V and oilhole VI, this oilhole V is connected with described oilhole I, and the centreline spacing of oilhole V and oilhole VI equals the centreline spacing of described oilhole I and oilhole III, the centreline spacing of this oilhole V and oilhole VI equals the centreline spacing of described oilhole II and oilhole IV, guarantee that oilhole V communicates with oilhole I under four-stroke mode of operation, oilhole VI communicates with oilhole III, under two stroke operation pattern, oilhole V communicates with oilhole II, oilhole VI communicates with oilhole IV.
Cam body of the present invention is connected with camshaft by the Placement of flat key, its camshaft of following that not only can realize cam body rotates, also can realize cam body slides axially, cam body is carried out to realize on camshaft by ECU (Electrical Control Unit) control electromagnetic driver and is slid axially, reach the switching of four-stroke mode of operation and two stroke operation pattern, electromagnetic driver Main Function is two stroke operation pattern intake cam and four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam in the cam lamellar body at the two ends of cam body, further, boss on electromagnetic driver direct effect cams at two ends lamellar body, cam body entirety in rotation is slided, realize the switching of two mode of operations, when arrive switch after mode of operation time, by the locating slot of mode of operation cam inner side, locking ball and spring are realized location, to guarantee that everything goes well with your work, complete, the oilhole that on cam body and central shaft, processing is passed through for lubricant oil, and cam body oilhole is corresponding with hemisphere locating slot, can play double action lubricated and location.
The present invention compared with prior art tool has the following advantages:
1, do not need to change distribution device drive part, only need valve cam structure to improve, in gas distributing chamber, installing Electromagnetic Drive control section additional can realize, simple in structure, to former machine, changes little;
2, distribution device drive part flexible configuration, adaptability is good, switches cam and can drive rocking arm also can directly drive valve tappet;
3, lacking of number of spare parts and mass penalty, easily realize lightweight, compared with former machine, this scheme is only many miniature parts such as electromagnetic driver, mass penalty is little, can increase substantially the specific mass power that becomes stroke machine;
4, do not change the original design value of single stroke valve timing;
5, cam body adopts the combining form of lamellar body, can carry out the replacement of cam lamellar body, thereby facilitated, adopt the method for integrating theory with practice to revise port timing, shorten experimental period, reduced experimental cost, and made the processing of the cam body that is difficult to moulding become simple;
6, the switching boss of cam body adopts helicoid, and the switching of stroke is become fast and steadily, and the scope of switching boss guaranteed that again electromagnetic driver has time enough surplus to carry out, and has reduced the requirement to electromagnetic driver.
Description of drawings 1 is looked generalized section for master of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A diagram of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that schematic diagram is looked on a left side for two stroke operation pattern intake cam of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of two stroke operation pattern intake cam of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that schematic diagram is looked on the right side of four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the elevational schematic view of four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is working state schematic representation of the present invention.
Embodiment as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the axial both sides of camshaft 1 are equipped with bearing 2, on described camshaft, establish cam body 3, this cam body is comprised of 4 cam lamellar bodies, they are followed successively by two stroke operation pattern intake cam 4 vertically, four-stroke mode of operation intake cam 5, two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam 6 and four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam 7, wherein four-stroke mode of operation intake cam and four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam are unimodal cam, two stroke operation pattern intake cam and two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam are double peak cam, these 4 cam lamellar bodies are connected with camshaft by flat key 8, and flat key is fixed in the keyway of camshaft by 3 screws 9, above-mentioned cam shaft is equipped with one with cam shaft line parallel and inserts successively the fastening screw trip bolt 10 of 4 cam lamellar body inside to both sides, these two fastening screw trip bolts oppositely arrange, for guaranteeing that 4 cam lamellar bodies fit tightly, in the cam lamellar body slotted eye of the above-mentioned two fastening screw trip bolt ends of correspondence, establish internal thread, wherein fastening screw trip bolt end and a four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam being inserted by two stroke operation pattern intake cam is threaded connection, other clamping bolt end and a two stroke operation pattern intake cam being inserted by four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam is threaded connection, described two stroke operation pattern intake cam is provided with the boss 11 being connected as a single entity with it towards the side of camshaft spindle nose, described four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam is provided with the boss 12 being connected as a single entity with it towards the side of cam shaft tail, inner peripheral surface by described four-stroke mode of operation intake cam is established hemispheric slotted eye to outer peripheral surface direction, i.e. locating slot 13, inner peripheral surface by described two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam is established hemispherical slotted eye to outer peripheral surface direction, i.e. locating slot 14, described locating slot 13 is identical with the diameter of locating slot 14, by the camshaft outer peripheral surface of described locating slot 13 correspondences, establishing cross section to camshaft inside is circular slotted eye, it is guiding groove 15, the center line of this guiding groove is perpendicular to the axis of camshaft, and the diameter of guiding groove is greater than the diameter of described locating slot 13, the inner setting position steel ball 16 of described locating slot 13, the diameter of this locking ball is less than the diameter of locating slot 13, and locking ball is connected with spring 17 one end of described guiding groove inside, and the other end of this spring is connected with the bottom land of guiding groove, on above-mentioned each cam lamellar body, be equipped with the oilhole passing through for lubricant oil, by the outer peripheral surface of described two stroke operation pattern intake cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole 18, by the outer peripheral surface of described four-stroke mode of operation intake cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole 19, and the inserting end of this oilhole 19 is connected with the bottom land of described locating slot 13, by the outer peripheral surface of described two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole 20, and the inserting end of this oilhole 20 is connected with the bottom land of described locating slot 14, by the outer peripheral surface of described four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole 21, the both sides of described guiding groove are established respectively one end and are connected with camshaft outer peripheral surface, the strip through-hole that the other end is connected with camshaft central shaft hole, i.e. oilhole 23 and oilhole 22, this oilhole 23 is connected with described oilhole 18, and oilhole 23 and the centreline spacing of oilhole 22 equal the centreline spacing of described oilhole 18 and oilhole 20, and this oilhole 23 and the centreline spacing of oilhole 22 equal the centreline spacing of described oilhole 19 and oilhole 21.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are that motor is under four-stroke mode of operation, now, locking ball 16 enters in locating slot 13 under the effect of spring 17, realize spacing, avoided cam body under four-stroke mode of operation, work occur axial motion, and oilhole 23 communicates with oilhole 18, realize lubricated and location double action; When mode of operation need to be switched to two stroke operation pattern lower time, cam body 3 entirety are slided left, locking ball 16 is got back in guiding groove 15 under the extruding force of left movement at cam body 3, enter after two stroke operation pattern, locking ball 16 enters in locating slot 14 under the effect of spring 17, realizes spacing, again avoid cam body 3 to work and slide axially under two stroke operation pattern, and oilhole 22 communicates with oilhole 19, oilhole 23 communicates with oilhole 21, realizes lubricated and location double action.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, two stroke operation pattern intake cam 4 is provided with the boss 11 being connected as a single entity with it towards the side of camshaft spindle nose, and the cross section of boss 11 is circular-arc, and its side towards camshaft spindle nose is processed as helicoid.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, described four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam 7 is provided with the boss 12 being connected as a single entity with it towards the side of cam shaft tail, and the cross section of boss 12 is circular-arc, and its side towards cam shaft tail is processed as helicoid.
As shown in Figure 7, the changer lever 25 of electromagnetic driver 24 is corresponding with the boss 12 of four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam 7, the changer lever 27 of electromagnetic driver 26 is corresponding with the boss 11 of two stroke operation pattern intake cam 4, electromagnetic driver 24 and electromagnetic driver 26 are all installed on engine cylinder head, and are controlled by ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28.During work, by four-stroke mode of operation, to two stroke operation pattern, switched, electromagnetic driver 24 is carried out under the control of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28, changer lever 25 starts action, along with the axial-rotation of cam body 3, changer lever 25 to the effect of boss 12 power under, cam body 3 is vertically to left movement, enter two stroke operation pattern, two stroke operation mode cam enters working state; When ECU (Electrical Control Unit) is sent while being switched to the control signal of four-stroke mode of operation by two stroke operation pattern, electromagnetic driver 26 is carried out under the control of ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28, changer lever 27 starts action, along with the axial-rotation of cam body 3, changer lever 27 to the effect of boss 11 power under, cam body 3 moves right vertically, enters four-stroke mode of operation, and four-stroke mode of operation cam enters working state.
Claims (3)
1. one kind becomes two-stroke engine stroke switching mechanism, comprise camshaft, bearing, cam body, fastening screw trip bolt, flat key, locking ball, spring and boss, it is characterized in that: the axial two ends of described camshaft are equipped with bearing, on camshaft, establish cam body, this cam body is comprised of 4 cam lamellar bodies, they are followed successively by two stroke operation pattern intake cam vertically, four-stroke mode of operation intake cam, two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam and four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam, wherein four-stroke mode of operation intake cam and four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam are unimodal cam, two stroke operation pattern intake cam and two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam are double peak cam, these 4 cam lamellar bodies are connected with camshaft by flat key, and flat key is fixed in the keyway of camshaft by 3 screws, above-mentioned cam shaft is equipped with one with cam shaft line parallel and inserts successively the fastening screw trip bolt of 4 cam lamellar body inside to both sides, in the cam lamellar body slotted eye of the above-mentioned two fastening screw trip bolt ends of correspondence, establish internal thread, wherein fastening screw trip bolt end and a four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam being inserted by two stroke operation pattern intake cam is threaded connection, and other fastening screw trip bolt end and a two stroke operation pattern intake cam being inserted by four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam is threaded connection, described two stroke operation pattern intake cam is provided with the boss I being connected as a single entity with it towards the side of camshaft spindle nose, the cross section of this boss I is circular-arc, and its side towards camshaft spindle nose is processed as helicoid, described four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam is provided with the boss II being connected as a single entity with it towards the side of cam shaft tail, the cross section of this boss II is circular-arc, and its side towards cam shaft tail is processed as helicoid, inner peripheral surface by described four-stroke mode of operation intake cam is established hemispheric slotted eye to outer peripheral surface direction, i.e. locating slot I, inner peripheral surface by described two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam is established hemispherical slotted eye to outer peripheral surface direction, i.e. locating slot II, described locating slot I is identical with the diameter of locating slot II, by camshaft outer peripheral surface corresponding to described locating slot I, establishing cross section to camshaft inside is circular slotted eye, it is guiding groove, the center line of this guiding groove is perpendicular to the axis of camshaft, and the diameter of guiding groove is more than or equal to the diameter of described locating slot I, the inner setting position steel ball of described locating slot I, the diameter of this locking ball is less than the diameter of locating slot I, and locking ball is connected with spring one end of described guiding groove inside, and the other end of this spring is connected with the bottom land of guiding groove.
2. change two-stroke engine stroke switching mechanism according to claim 1, is characterized in that: by the outer peripheral surface of described two stroke operation pattern intake cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole I; By the outer peripheral surface of described four-stroke mode of operation intake cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole II, and the inserting end of this oilhole II is connected with the bottom land of described locating slot I; By the outer peripheral surface of described two stroke operation pattern exhaust cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole III, and the inserting end of this oilhole III is connected with the bottom land of described locating slot II; By the outer peripheral surface of described four-stroke mode of operation exhaust cam, to inner peripheral surface direction, establishing cross section is circular through hole, i.e. oilhole IV.
3. change two-stroke engine stroke switching mechanism according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the both sides of described guiding groove are established respectively one end and are connected with camshaft outer peripheral surface, the strip through-hole that the other end is connected with camshaft central shaft hole, be oilhole V and oilhole VI, this oilhole V is connected with described oilhole I, and the centreline spacing of oilhole V and oilhole VI equals the centreline spacing of described oilhole I and oilhole III, the centreline spacing of this oilhole V and oilhole VI equals the centreline spacing of described oilhole II and oilhole IV.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310141247.0A CN103216323B (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Stroke changing engine stroke switching mechanism |
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| CN201310141247.0A CN103216323B (en) | 2013-04-19 | 2013-04-19 | Stroke changing engine stroke switching mechanism |
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| CN103216323A CN103216323A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| CN103216323B true CN103216323B (en) | 2014-04-30 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104948251A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-09-30 | 王皓 | Engine valve hydraulic driving and motion allocating device |
| CN104018905B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-05-04 | 燕山大学 | Become two-stroke engine fluid pressure type distribution switching mechanism |
| CN104141519B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-05-18 | 燕山大学 | A kind of variable stroke engine distribution switching mechanism |
| CN104329133A (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-02-04 | 宁波捷成轴业有限公司 | Self lubricating type variable-stroke cam shaft |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US5158044A (en) * | 1990-09-10 | 1992-10-27 | Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Engine selectively operable in two- and four-cycle modes |
| JP2000170545A (en) * | 1998-12-08 | 2000-06-20 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Variable cycle internal combustion engine and controller thereof |
| US7421981B2 (en) * | 2004-03-17 | 2008-09-09 | Ricardo, Inc. | Modulated combined lubrication and control pressure system for two-stroke/four-stroke switching |
| CN101619663B (en) * | 2009-07-30 | 2012-08-22 | 燕山大学 | Distribution cam mechanism of two-stroke and four-stroke switching internal-combustion engine |
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