CN103214851A - Liquid silicone rubber-based conductive nonlinear insulating material - Google Patents

Liquid silicone rubber-based conductive nonlinear insulating material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103214851A
CN103214851A CN2013101757438A CN201310175743A CN103214851A CN 103214851 A CN103214851 A CN 103214851A CN 2013101757438 A CN2013101757438 A CN 2013101757438A CN 201310175743 A CN201310175743 A CN 201310175743A CN 103214851 A CN103214851 A CN 103214851A
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insulating material
nano
liquid
liquid silastic
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CN103214851B (en
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韩宝忠
李忠华
李长明
陈宇
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid silicone rubber-based conductive nonlinear insulating material, relates to a rubber-based nonlinear dielectric material, and mainly solves the problems that the existing silicone rubber-based nonlinear dielectric material is low in breakdown strength and poor in physical-mechanical properties because a large amount of nonlinear functional filler is added. The nonlinear insulating material consists of a liquid silicone rubber and a nonlinear functional filler, wherein the nonlinear functional filler consists of nano-zinc oxide, nano-silicon dioxide, nano-silicon carbide, a carbon nano-tube, conductive carbon black and nano-graphite. The obtained liquid silicone rubber-based conductive nonlinear insulating material has the advantages that the alternating-current breakdown strength is not smaller than 30kV/mm, the maximum nonlinear coefficient is 6-20, the tensile strength is not smaller than 6.0MPa, and the breaking elongation is not smaller than 200%. The invention is mainly applicable to high-voltage composite insulating materials.

Description

A kind of liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rubber-based non-linear dielectric material.
Background technology
It is good that silicon rubber has an electrical insulation capability, high-low temperature resistant, and anti-ozone ageing, oxygen aging, photoaging, weathering age, hydrophobic nature is good, advantages such as anti-burning, thereby be used widely in the electric insulation field.With polymkeric substance, compound as polyolefine, rubber, Resins, epoxy etc. with some function mineral filler, can make non-linear insulating material, because the specific conductivity of non-linear insulating material or (with) specific inductivity can improve with the increase of executing strength of electric field outward, electricity lead or (with) specific inductivity is non-linear, thereby it has the ability of homogenizing electric field distribution voluntarily in inhomogeneous field, can effectively suppress the generation of space charge and the formation and the growth of electric branch, significantly improves insulating property.
Existing polyolefin based non-linear matrix material is to be made by polyolefin resin and one or more filler blend, have non-linear conductance or (with) nonlinear dielectric constant.Be subjected to the influence of matrix resin polyolefine self performance, the Application Areas of polyolefin based non-linear matrix material is restricted, and can't be applied to the occasion that some need use rubber item.
Disclose silicon carbide/silicon rubber composite material and have electricity and lead non-linear character in 2009 " functional materials " the 10th phase the 40th volume " electric field treatment is to the influence of silicon carbide/polymer composites conductance property " and post-doctoral research work report " applying the influence to its performance and microtexture of electricity, magnetic field in the polymer-based carbon Nonlinear Composite preparation process ", the silicon carbide of using in its literary composition is respectively micron silicon carbide and the nanometer silicon carbide of median size 7 μ m~10 μ m and 20 μ m~30 μ m.The minimum addition of silicon carbide is 11.1Vol% in the literary composition, and the proportion of silicon carbide and liquid silastic is defined as 3.2g/cm respectively during calculating 3And 1.0g/cm 3, also promptly actual prescription is to add 40 parts micron or nanometer silicon carbide in 100 parts of liquid silastics at least.Disclosed document just points out that from the angle of theoretical investigation silicon carbide/silicon rubber of being studied has electricity and leads non-linear character, do not introduce other performance of this material, but because of the addition of silicon carbide very big, cause silicon carbide/silicon rubber composite material following problem to occur: (1) matrix material disruptive strength is low, dc breakdown intensity is no more than 10kV/mm, can not be applied to High-Voltage Insulation; (2) mechanical property of matrix material is bad, and tensile break strength is less than 2.5MPa, and elongation at break is less than 40%; (3) matrix material viscosity is big, mixes difficulty, is difficult for getting rid of bubble.Though also introduced in the document simultaneously and added the electricity that carbon black can improve micron silicon carbide/silicon rubber composite material and lead non-linear character, but silicon carbide and carbon black addition minimum material are in the mentioned material: the addition 15.8Vol% of silicon carbide, sooty addition 1.3Vol%, also promptly the prescription of this material is 98.5 parts of silicon rubber, 60 parts of micron silicon carbide, 3 parts of carbon blacks, and specific gravity of black is made as 2.0g/cm 3Because the silicon carbide that adds is more, and has added carbon black again, the dc breakdown intensity of the silicon carbide/silicon rubber composite material that obtains also is no more than 10kV/mm; Mechanical property is more bad, and tensile break strength and elongation at break are respectively 1.5MPa and 20%, and the viscosity because of matrix material is big again simultaneously, has strengthened to mix and the deflated difficulty.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to lead in order to solve existing silicone rubber based electricity that the disruptive strength of Nonlinear Composite is low, the problem of physical-mechanical property difference, and provide a kind of liquid silastic base electricity to lead non-linear insulating material.
Liquid silastic base electricity of the present invention is led non-linear insulating material and is made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 10~20 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight, and the nonlinear functions filler is made up of nano zine oxide, nano titanium oxide, nanometer silicon carbide, carbon nanotube, graphitized carbon black and nano-graphite;
Wherein liquid silastic is the two ingredient liquids silicon rubber of the polymerization degree 100~2000, the particle diameter of nano zine oxide is 10nm~100nm, the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 10nm~100nm, the particle diameter of nanometer silicon carbide is 10nm~100nm, carbon nanotube is single armed carbon nanotube, both arms carbon nanotube or the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of diameter 5nm~80nm, pipe range 1 μ m~15 μ m, the particle diameter of graphitized carbon black is 10nm~100nm, and the sheet of nano-graphite is thick to be that 10nm~100nm, sheet directly are 1 μ m~2 μ m.
Adopt vacuum mixer that liquid silastic and various filler are removed bubble side by side mixing below 50 ℃, moulding is after vulcanize and obtain liquid silastic base electricity and lead non-linear insulating material.
The present invention adopts multiple nonlinear functions filler composite, give full play to the synergistic effect of each functional stuffing, the nonlinear functions filler that adds in 100 parts of liquid silastics is no more than 20 parts, matrix material viscosity in the whipping process is low, be easy to stir, the alternating current breakdown intensity that the liquid silastic base electricity for preparing is led non-linear insulating material is not less than 30kV/mm, and dc breakdown intensity is not less than 60kV/mm, and lower volume resistivity is not less than 10 in the following electric field of 8kV/mm 13Ω m, maximum nonlinear factor 6~20, tensile strength is not less than 6.0MPa, and elongation at break is not less than 200%.The present invention is mainly used in high-voltage insulating compound material.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: present embodiment liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material and is made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 10~20 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight, and the nonlinear functions filler is made up of nano zine oxide, nano titanium oxide, nanometer silicon carbide, carbon nanotube, graphitized carbon black and nano-graphite;
Wherein liquid silastic is the two ingredient liquids silicon rubber of the polymerization degree 100~2000, the particle diameter of nano zine oxide is 10nm~100nm, the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 10nm~100nm, the particle diameter of nanometer silicon carbide is 10nm~100nm, carbon nanotube is single armed carbon nanotube, both arms carbon nanotube or the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of diameter 5nm~80nm, pipe range 1 μ m~15 μ m, the particle diameter of graphitized carbon black is 10nm~100nm, and the sheet of nano-graphite is thick to be that 10nm~100nm, sheet directly are 1 μ m~2 μ m.
The raw materials used commercially available prod that is of present embodiment, the nonlinear functions filler is nano material, because the nano-grain size is little, specific surface area is big, surface energy is high, the surface atom proportion is big, have unique quantum size effect, surface effects, small-size effect and macro quanta tunnel effect.Nonlinear functions filler nanometer zinc oxide, nano titanium oxide, nanometer silicon carbide, carbon nanotube, graphitized carbon black and nano-graphite can be by any than forming, the present invention gives full play to the synergistic effect of each nano functional filler, obtaining liquid silastic base electricity leads the alternating current breakdown intensity of non-linear insulating material and is not less than 30kV/mm, dc breakdown intensity is not less than 60kV/mm, maximum nonlinear factor 6~20, tensile strength is not less than 6.0MPa, and elongation at break is not less than 200% non-linear insulating material.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one are different is that liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 12~18 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight.Other parameter is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: present embodiment and embodiment one are different is that liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 13 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight.Other parameter is identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: present embodiment is different with one of embodiment one to three is that liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 20 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight, contains 5~15 parts of nano zine oxides in the nonlinear functions filler.Other parameter is identical with one of embodiment one to three.
Embodiment five: present embodiment is different with one of embodiment one to four is that liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 20 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight, contains 3~10 parts of nanometer silicon carbides in the nonlinear functions filler.Other parameter is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment six: present embodiment is different with one of embodiment one to four is that liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 20 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight, contains 4~6 parts of nanometer silicon carbides in the nonlinear functions filler.Other parameter is identical with one of embodiment one to four.
Embodiment seven: present embodiment is different with one of embodiment one to six is that liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics, 10 parts of nano zine oxides, 2 parts of nano titanium oxides, 5 parts of nanometer silicon carbides, 0.5 part of carbon nanotube, 0.5 part of graphitized carbon black and 0.5 part of nano-graphite by weight.Other parameter is identical with one of embodiment one to six.
Embodiment eight: present embodiment is different with one of embodiment one to seven is that the particle diameter of nano zine oxide is 40nm~60nm, the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 40nm~70nm, the particle diameter of nanometer silicon carbide is 40nm~60nm, carbon nanotube is single armed carbon nanotube, both arms carbon nanotube or the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of diameter 10nm~20nm, pipe range 5 μ m~10 μ m, the particle diameter of graphitized carbon black is 20nm~40nm, and the sheet of nano-graphite is thick to be that 20nm~40nm, sheet directly are 1 μ m~2 μ m.Other parameter is identical with one of embodiment one to seven.
Embodiment one: present embodiment liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material and is made by 100 parts of liquid silastics, 10 parts of nano zine oxides, 2 parts of nano titanium oxides, 5 parts of nanometer silicon carbides, 0.5 part of carbon nanotube, 0.5 part of graphitized carbon black and 0.5 part of nano-graphite by weight;
Wherein liquid silastic is that mean polymerisation degree is 500 two ingredient liquids silicon rubber, the particle diameter of nano zine oxide is 30nm~60nm, the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 40nm~60nm, the particle diameter of nanometer silicon carbide is 30nm~60nm, carbon nanotube is the single armed carbon nanotube of diameter 5nm~15nm, pipe range 5 μ m~15 μ m, the particle diameter of graphitized carbon black is 10nm~30nm, and the sheet of nano-graphite is thick to be that 30nm~50nm, sheet directly are 1 μ m~2 μ m.
Adopt vacuum mixer that liquid silastic and various filler are mixed under 45 ℃ and remove bubble side by side, moulding is after vulcanize and obtain liquid silastic base electricity and lead non-linear insulating material.
It is 5 * 10 that the liquid silastic base electricity that present embodiment obtains is led non-linear insulating material volume specific resistance in the following electric field of 8kV/mm 14Ω m, alternating current breakdown intensity is 32kV/mm, and dc breakdown intensity is 63kV/mm, and maximum nonlinear factor is 12.5, and tensile strength is 7.0MPa, elongation at break is 240%.
Embodiment two: present embodiment liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material and is made by 100 parts of liquid silastics, 5 parts of nano zine oxides, 1 part of nano titanium oxide, 4 parts of nanometer silicon carbides, 1.0 parts of carbon nanotubes, 1 part of graphitized carbon black and 1 part of nano-graphite by weight;
Wherein liquid silastic is that mean polymerisation degree is 800 two ingredient liquids silicon rubber, the particle diameter of nano zine oxide is 40nm~60nm, the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 40nm~70nm, the particle diameter of nanometer silicon carbide is 40nm~60nm, carbon nanotube is the both arms carbon nanotube of diameter 10nm~20nm, pipe range 5 μ m~10 μ m, the particle diameter of graphitized carbon black is 20nm~40nm, and the sheet of nano-graphite is thick to be that 20nm~40nm, sheet directly are 1 μ m~2 μ m.
Adopt vacuum mixer that liquid silastic and various filler are mixed under 45 ℃ and remove bubble side by side, moulding is after vulcanize and obtain liquid silastic base electricity and lead non-linear insulating material.
It is 9 * 10 that the liquid silastic base electricity that present embodiment obtains is led non-linear insulating material volume specific resistance in the following electric field of 8kV/mm 14Ω m, alternating current breakdown intensity is 36kV/mm, and dc breakdown intensity is 67kV/mm, and maximum nonlinear factor is 10.0, and tensile strength is 7.6MPa, elongation at break is 280%.
Embodiment three: present embodiment liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material and is made by 100 parts of liquid silastics, 3 parts of nano zine oxides, 1 part of nano titanium oxide, 3.5 parts of nanometer silicon carbides, 1 part of carbon nanotube, 1 part of graphitized carbon black and 0.5 part of nano-graphite by weight;
Wherein liquid silastic is that mean polymerisation degree is 1500 two ingredient liquids silicon rubber, the particle diameter of nano zine oxide is 30nm~50nm, the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 40nm~60nm, the particle diameter of nanometer silicon carbide is 30nm~60nm, carbon nanotube is the multi-arm carbon nano-tube of diameter 10nm~20nm, pipe range 5 μ m~15 μ m, the particle diameter of graphitized carbon black is 20nm~40nm, and the sheet of nano-graphite is thick to be that 40nm~60nm, sheet directly are 1 μ m~2 μ m.
Adopt vacuum mixer that liquid silastic and various filler are mixed under 40 ℃ and remove bubble side by side, moulding is after vulcanize and obtain liquid silastic base electricity and lead non-linear insulating material.
It is 1 * 10 that the liquid silastic base electricity that present embodiment obtains is led non-linear insulating material volume specific resistance in the following electric field of 8kV/mm 15Ω m, alternating current breakdown intensity is 38kV/mm, and dc breakdown intensity is 70kV/mm, and maximum nonlinear factor is 8.5, and tensile strength is 8.0MPa, elongation at break is 290%.

Claims (8)

1. a liquid silastic base electricity is led non-linear insulating material, it is characterized in that liquid silastic base electricity leads non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 10~20 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight, the nonlinear functions filler is made up of nano zine oxide, nano titanium oxide, nanometer silicon carbide, carbon nanotube, graphitized carbon black and nano-graphite;
Wherein liquid silastic is the two ingredient liquids silicon rubber of the polymerization degree 100~2000, the particle diameter of nano zine oxide is 10nm~100nm, the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 10nm~100nm, the particle diameter of nanometer silicon carbide is 10nm~100nm, carbon nanotube is single armed carbon nanotube, both arms carbon nanotube or the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of diameter 5nm~80nm, pipe range 1 μ m~15 μ m, the particle diameter of graphitized carbon black is 10nm~100nm, and the sheet of nano-graphite is thick to be that 10nm~100nm, sheet directly are 1 μ m~2 μ m.
2. a kind of liquid silastic base electricity according to claim 1 is led non-linear insulating material, it is characterized in that liquid silastic base electricity leads non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 12~18 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight.
3. a kind of liquid silastic base electricity according to claim 1 is led non-linear insulating material, it is characterized in that liquid silastic base electricity leads non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 13 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight.
4. a kind of liquid silastic base electricity according to claim 1 is led non-linear insulating material, it is characterized in that liquid silastic base electricity leads non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 20 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight, contain 5~15 parts of nano zine oxides in the nonlinear functions filler.
5. a kind of liquid silastic base electricity according to claim 1 is led non-linear insulating material, it is characterized in that liquid silastic base electricity leads non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 20 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight, contain 3~10 parts of nanometer silicon carbides in the nonlinear functions filler.
6. a kind of liquid silastic base electricity according to claim 5 is led non-linear insulating material, it is characterized in that liquid silastic base electricity leads non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics and 20 parts of nonlinear functions fillers by weight, contain 4~6 parts of nanometer silicon carbides in the nonlinear functions filler.
7. a kind of liquid silastic base electricity according to claim 1 is led non-linear insulating material, it is characterized in that liquid silastic base electricity leads non-linear insulating material and made by 100 parts of liquid silastics, 10 parts of nano zine oxides, 2 parts of nano titanium oxides, 5 parts of nanometer silicon carbides, 0.5 part of carbon nanotube, 0.5 part of graphitized carbon black and 0.5 part of nano-graphite by weight.
8. lead non-linear insulating material according to each described a kind of liquid silastic base electricity of claim 1 to 7, the particle diameter that it is characterized in that nano zine oxide is 40nm~60nm, the particle diameter of nano titanium oxide is 40nm~70nm, the particle diameter of nanometer silicon carbide is 40nm~60nm, carbon nanotube is single armed carbon nanotube, both arms carbon nanotube or the multi-walled carbon nano-tubes of diameter 10nm~20nm, pipe range 5 μ m~10 μ m, the particle diameter of graphitized carbon black is 20nm~40nm, and the sheet of nano-graphite is thick to be that 20nm~40nm, sheet directly are 1 μ m~2 μ m.
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CN103526333A (en) * 2013-10-10 2014-01-22 湖北大学 Photostimulation-responsive nanometer composite fiber and preparation method thereof
CN105924812A (en) * 2016-05-23 2016-09-07 无锡市嘉邦电力管道厂 Cable insulation material
CN107123463A (en) * 2017-04-25 2017-09-01 晶锋集团股份有限公司 A kind of zinc oxide composite insulating material that can adaptively regulate and control conductance and dielectric and preparation method thereof
CN107207861A (en) * 2015-01-09 2017-09-26 迈图高新材料集团 Silicone rubber composition is for preparing the purposes in the application of HVDC insulator
CN107686629A (en) * 2017-05-04 2018-02-13 清华大学 The nonlinear conductance composite materials of low valve valve field strength high-mechanical property
CN109796765A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-05-24 清华大学 The nonlinear conductance composite materials of high-mechanical property
CN110467818A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-19 国网天津市电力公司 A kind of non-linear silicon rubber compound insulator of micro-nano mixing ZnO and preparation process
WO2020063799A1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 Dow Silicones Corporation Liquid silicone rubber composition
CN111048266A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-04-21 江东金具设备有限公司 Anti-crisp composite insulator and preparation method thereof

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CN101440180A (en) * 2008-12-26 2009-05-27 哈尔滨理工大学 Polyolefin based non-linear dielectric material

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CN101440180A (en) * 2008-12-26 2009-05-27 哈尔滨理工大学 Polyolefin based non-linear dielectric material

Cited By (12)

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CN103526333A (en) * 2013-10-10 2014-01-22 湖北大学 Photostimulation-responsive nanometer composite fiber and preparation method thereof
CN103526333B (en) * 2013-10-10 2015-10-21 湖北大学 Light stimulus responsive nano composite fibre and preparation method thereof
CN107207861A (en) * 2015-01-09 2017-09-26 迈图高新材料集团 Silicone rubber composition is for preparing the purposes in the application of HVDC insulator
CN105924812A (en) * 2016-05-23 2016-09-07 无锡市嘉邦电力管道厂 Cable insulation material
CN107123463A (en) * 2017-04-25 2017-09-01 晶锋集团股份有限公司 A kind of zinc oxide composite insulating material that can adaptively regulate and control conductance and dielectric and preparation method thereof
CN107123463B (en) * 2017-04-25 2019-02-05 晶锋集团股份有限公司 A kind of zinc oxide composite insulating material and preparation method thereof that can adaptively regulate and control conductance and dielectric
CN107686629A (en) * 2017-05-04 2018-02-13 清华大学 The nonlinear conductance composite materials of low valve valve field strength high-mechanical property
WO2020063799A1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 Dow Silicones Corporation Liquid silicone rubber composition
US11939471B2 (en) 2018-09-28 2024-03-26 Dow Silicones Corporation Liquid silicone rubber composition
CN109796765A (en) * 2019-01-09 2019-05-24 清华大学 The nonlinear conductance composite materials of high-mechanical property
CN110467818A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-19 国网天津市电力公司 A kind of non-linear silicon rubber compound insulator of micro-nano mixing ZnO and preparation process
CN111048266A (en) * 2019-12-30 2020-04-21 江东金具设备有限公司 Anti-crisp composite insulator and preparation method thereof

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