Background technology
In konjak food, snow konjak adds water after mixing with Rhizoma amorphophalli powder and other food raw materials, through to steam and freezing for a long time, then through a kind of food a kind of with holes being similar to steamed gluten that super-dry is made.Snow konjak in this technique, konjaku consumption is lower than 50%, and the formation of internal void is mainly derived from the proportioning of long-term freezing and food raw material.
Sponge-like material prepared by konjaku, is indicated in the nineties in 20th century the earliest.The large multiplex industrial chemicals of traditional beauty and skin care sponge is prepared from by chemical process, this sponge complex manufacturing technology, and environmental pollution is serious, owing to adopting industrial chemicals preparation, have certain injury to skin, and chemical industry sponge can not be degraded, certain pollution can be caused to environment.Existing chemical industry sponge only has the function of instrument, does not have specific nursing role to skin.Konjak gel makes spongy class material by process, except the oligosaccharides nutrient substance that konjaku decomposites, can also add other nutrient substances.
Disclosed in CN1187334, a kind of natural plant is the konjak towel of preparation of raw material, after mixing, blunges primarily of konjaku powder with auxiliary material, leaves standstill gelatinization, adds peptizer, be distributed into mould, leaves standstill; Place ventail, steam cure, cooling and demolding enters pattern mould, freezing, the demoulding, and immersion is rubbed; Dehydration, sterilization, packaging are made.A kind of manufacture craft of konjaku foam disclosed in CN1184180, konjaku powder is added in boiling water and make its thickness that expands, then alkali lye is added in konjac fine flour fluid and obtain compound, compound is poured in mould and obtains shaping blank through steamed, then through freezing, except alkali, kill enzyme, decolour, protect look, seasoning, packaging get product.A kind of disclosed in CN1197676 take crude substance as the sanitary dressings that raw material is made, and is take konjaku as main raw material or the goods containing konjaku composition.Its processing mode forms a large amount of foam by violent stirring, freezing under-15 DEG C of conditions, dry, be packaged into foam product.
Disclosed in CN101423613, a kind of glucomannan sponge environment-friendly type preparation method, loads the mixed solution of glucomannan and calcium hydroxide in mould, is placed in steamed tool steaming and within 1 ~ 4 hour, is cured into gel piece, freezing 4 ~ 60 days; Naturally thaw after the demoulding and make sponge work in-process with fine needle punching, obtain washing one's hair bath sponge finished product after dehydration, drying.
A kind of plant fiber sponge with whitening, spot-removal function disclosed in CN102512355A adds water with konjaku powder, Arbutin and white tuckahoe to be prepared from gel, through heating with freeze settledly to make.
Above document is disclosed is that foam product made by raw material with konjaku, and fabrication processing is roughly: raw material screening → powder process → formula → embryo processed → freezing → demoulding of thawing → bleach → protect look → dehydration to pack with shaping → drying → screening.Under state-of-the-art, the formation of bubble mainly mechanical system formation in such formed product, such konjak gel makes sponge material complex forming technology, drying process difficulty is large, rehydration effect is not good enough.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is intended to for the problem by freezing or mechanical system pore-forming technique complexity in present konjaku foaming technique, provides a kind of konjaku foaming composition and preparation (foaming) method and purposes.Solve by problem that is freezing or mechanical system pore-forming with chemical foaming technology, and propose the purposes that konjaku foaming composition supplies konjaku foamed product and konjac sponge goods.
For achieving the above object, adopt following technical proposals, a kind of konjaku foaming composition, is characterized in that: said composition mass ratio consists of: Rhizoma amorphophalli powder 1.00 parts, gelating agent 0.01 ~ 0.06 part, whipping agent 0.03 ~ 0.06 part, 10.00 ~ 15.00 parts, water; Wherein said gelating agent is calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate or salt of wormwood; Described whipping agent comprises acid whipping agent and alkaline whipping agent two portions, described alkaline whipping agent comprise in sodium bicarbonate, bicarbonate of ammonia, saleratus, light calcium carbonate one or more; Described acid whipping agent comprise in tartrate, citric acid, lactic acid, potassium aluminium sulfate, exsiccated ammonium alum, secondary calcium phosphate, tartarus, fumaric acid one sodium, monocalcium phosphate, calcium dihydric pyrophosphate, aluminum phosphate sodium one or more; Described water is deionized water.
Preferred gelating agent 0.01 ~ 0.04 part in konjaku foaming composition formula of the present invention.
Also add in konjaku foaming composition formula of the present invention and have conditioning agent 0 ~ 1.50 part, described conditioning agent is ethanol.
Also add in above-mentioned konjaku foaming composition formula of the present invention and have treating compound 0 ~ 0.10 part, described treating compound is glycerine or sorbyl alcohol.
Also add in above-mentioned konjaku foaming composition formula of the present invention and have 0 ~ 0.05 part, tensio-active agent, described tensio-active agent is OP-10 emulsifying agent.
The preparation method of konjaku foaming composition of the present invention, is characterized in that:
1) take Rhizoma amorphophalli powder, gelating agent, whipping agent and other batchings by above-mentioned composition mass ratio to be added to the water, after stirring, the mixture of Rhizoma amorphophalli powder and batching is loaded in mould, enter in atmospheric steam cabinet and solidify foaming 1 ~ 4 hour, blowing temperature 100 ~ 120 DEG C, must foam intermediates 1;
2) in the middle of foaming, product 1 to be placed in refrigerator freeze settled 0.5 ~ 10 day, freezing temp-1 ~-40 DEG C, and must foam intermediates 2;
3) demoulding after the intermediates 2 that foam thaw naturally, dehydration, bleaching, drying, obtain foamed products 3.
According to foaming method step 1) of the present invention or 2) or 3) after, in the middle of the foaming after being foamed by konjak gel, product 1, foaming intermediates 2 and foamed products 3 are used for making konjaku foamed product.
According to foaming method step 1) of the present invention, 2) the foaming intermediates 2 obtained, konjak gel is foamed freezing after, directly enter dry link for making konjaku foamed product.
The foamed products 3 obtained according to foaming method of the present invention is for making spongy konjak products.
After konjaku is water-soluble, when carrying out alkalization formation konjak gel material with alkali, the ability forming bubble is poor, and current art is mainly with mechanical system pore-creating.The present invention is formed in gelation process at konjaku to add alkaline whipping agent and acid whipping agent, forms the bubble of uniformity in konjaku foamed product and konjac sponge moulding process.
The present invention adds whipping agent and is formed on the basis of sponge foam in konjak gel, adds a certain amount of ethanol.Ethanol can be used for controlling foaming and intumescing volume on the one hand, accomplishes to form the identical foam product of size in a mold, also can affect shaping and foamed time on the other hand.
The present invention, for improving konjaku foaming effect, adds appropriate tensio-active agent in konjak gel.
The present invention be improve konjac sponge make and drying conditions under performance, in konjak gel, add appropriate treating compound.
The starting material used in the present invention are food grade starting material or foodstuff additive, can ensure the safety of product.Gel in the present invention after intermediates foaming may be used for developing all kinds of konjaku foamed product raw material.In the process making this class A foam A konjak food, the konjaku foamed product that other foodstuffs materials make multiple quality can be added.
Konjaku foaming composition of the present invention makes konjaku foamed product and konjac sponge goods main flow is:
1) powder process: konjaku is pulverized, makes particle reach 80 ~ 120 orders.After other solid materials are pulverized, domination number is identical with konjaku;
2) quality formula: Rhizoma amorphophalli powder 1.00 parts, gelating agent 0.01 ~ 0.06 part, whipping agent 0.03 ~ 0.06 part, conditioning agent 0 ~ 1.50 part, treating compound 0 ~ 0.10 part, 0 ~ 0.05 part, tensio-active agent, the consumption of water 10.00 ~ 15.00 parts;
3) embryo processed: blank is by formulation material infusion, aging, solid, becomes konjaku foaming composition block; First add the water of formula ratio during making, adopt steam-jacked kettle, take steam as heating medium, after water temperature rises to 50 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C, konjaku powder is poured in pot, stir, make it slaking gradually, be integrated with aqueous fusion.Continuation stirring 25 ~ 30 minutes after mixing; Add batching, after mixing with konjaku material, gel piecemeal is put into mould or pour dense for liquid material into mould; Then steam (100 ~ 120 DEG C) 1 ~ 3 hour with steam normal pressure, konjaku foaming composition block is foamed fully, evenly, foaming konjac compositions block may be used for konjak food exploitation;
4) shape: the goods after embryo processed are proceeded to mechanical refrigeration storehouse, by the temperature of-1 DEG C ~-40 DEG C, freezing 0.5 ~ 10 day;
5) goods after freezing are thawed naturally, make article removal;
6) the konjaku foamed product after thawing, through water extracter dehydration, puts into drying room and dries to water content lower than 15%.
7) the konjac sponge goods after thawing, the alkali wherein residual through extruding removing for several times and tensio-active agent.With centrifuge dewatering shaping post-bleach, then row is dry.The multiple methods such as available natural way, stoving oven, infrared rays, mechanical heat-flash carry out drying, and during heating, drying temperature controls below 60 DEG C.
Method disclosed by the invention, compared with current art, owing to adopting chemical foaming, makes that konjac sponge is more loose has more elasticity.
Embodiment
Further illustrate a kind of konjaku foaming composition of the present invention and its production and use by the following examples.In embodiment, konjaku and other batchings are pulverized, are ground rear particle 80 ~ 120 order.Konjaku eliminates the impurity such as starch, alkaloid konjaku powder or konjaku purifying powder.In the konjaku course of processing, decolouring, dehydration and trimming method are same as the prior art, and decolorization generally adopts chlorine bleaching agent to decolour, and edible product are not bleached.Konjaku processing in shaping, be in order to before drying process to problems such as the deformation of products that the techniques such as dehydration cause, make product have good image.
Embodiment 1
Example, gets 1 portion of konjaku, 0.04 part of sodium carbonate, 0.0325 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.0075 part of tartarus, 0.025 part of sodium bicarbonate) in mass ratio, adding 50 DEG C of hot water 10 parts, mixing fast, through being stirred well to dough gel after pulverizing, grinding.Load mould after being split by dough gel, be placed in steam box and pass into 100 DEG C of steamed 1 hour, foaming.Gel piece section after foaming, can be used as konjaku foamed product raw material.
Embodiment 2
Example, gets 1 portion of konjaku, 0.016 part of sodium carbonate in mass ratio, 0.031 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.004 part of lactic acid, 0.027 part of bicarbonate of ammonia), after pulverizing, grinding, add about 50 DEG C hot water 12 parts and 0.25 part of ethanol, mix fast, through being stirred well to dough gel.Load mould after being split by dough gel, be placed in steam box and pass into 110 DEG C of steamed 2 hours, foaming.Gel piece section after foaming, after soaking dealkalize, is used as konjaku foamed product raw material in clear water.
Embodiment 3
Example, gets 1 portion of konjaku, 0.02 part of sodium carbonate, 0.043 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.017 part of Tai-Ace S 150 is pressed, 0.026 part of bicarbonate of ammonia) in mass ratio, adding 50 DEG C of hot water 10 parts, mixing fast, through being stirred well to dough gel after pulverizing, grinding.Load mould after being split by dough gel, be placed in steam box and pass into 110 DEG C of steamed 1 hour, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, takes out nature after freezing 24 hours and thaw at-25 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, dry through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain dry konjaku foaming product, be used as konjaku foamed product raw material.
Embodiment 4
Example in mass ratio, get 1 portion of konjaku, 0.01 part of sodium carbonate, 0.033 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.005 part of lactic acid, 0.028 part of bicarbonate of ammonia), after pulverizing, grinding, add 50 DEG C of hot water 11 parts and 0.05 part of ethanol, mix fast, add 0.02 part of sorbyl alcohol, 0.01 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, through being stirred well to dough gel.Dough gel segmentation size is loaded mould, is placed in steam box and passes into 120 DEG C of steamed 1 hour, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, freezes within 5 days, to take out nature afterwards and thaws at-5 DEG C.Adopt drier to be sloughed by water, through shaping, then after drying room less than 60 DEG C dryings, be used as konjac sponge food raw material.
Embodiment 5
Example in mass ratio, get 1 portion of konjaku, 0.020 part of sodium carbonate, 0.04 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.017 part of exsiccated ammonium alum, 0.023 part of sodium bicarbonate), after pulverizing, grinding, add 11.111 parts of about 40 DEG C hot water and 0.889 part of ethanol, mix fast, add 0.022 part of glycerine, 0.022 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, is stirred well to scattered paste shape.By magma perfusion to mould, be placed in steam box and pass into 105 DEG C of steamed 4 hours, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, takes out nature after freezing 72 hours and thaw at-40 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 6
Example in mass ratio, get 1 portion of konjaku, 0.020 part of sodium carbonate, 0.044 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.017 part of exsiccated ammonium alum, 0.027 part of saleratus), after pulverizing, grinding, add 50 DEG C of hot water 10 parts and 0.1 part of ethanol, mix fast, add 0.05 part of glycerine, 0.05 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, is stirred well to scattered paste shape.By magma perfusion to mould, be placed in steam box and pass into 110 DEG C of steamed 2 hours, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, freezes within 10 days, to take out nature afterwards and thaws at-5 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 7
Example in mass ratio, get 1 portion of konjaku, 0.016 part of sodium carbonate, 0.030 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.008 part of citric acid, 0.022 part of sodium bicarbonate), after pulverizing, grinding, add 11 parts of water, mix fast, add 0.10 part of glycerine, 0.05 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, mixes fast, through being stirred well to dough gel.Dough gel segmentation size is loaded mould, is placed in steam box and passes into 105 DEG C of steamed 3 hours, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, takes out nature after freezing 72 hours and thaw at-18 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 8
Example in mass ratio, get 1 portion of konjaku, 0.020 part of sodium carbonate, 0.040 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.017 part of potassium aluminium sulfate, 0.023 part of sodium bicarbonate), after pulverizing, grinding, add 50 DEG C of hot water 15 parts and 1.2 parts of ethanol, mix fast, add 0.02 part of glycerine, 0.02 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, is stirred well to scattered paste shape.By magma perfusion to mould, be placed in steam box and pass into 100 DEG C of steamed 3 hours, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, takes out nature after freezing 48 hours and thaw at-23 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 9
Example in mass ratio, get 1 portion of konjaku, 0.020 part of sodium carbonate, 0.032 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.007 part of citric acid or tartarus or their mixture, 0.011 part of bicarbonate of ammonia, 0.014 part of light calcium carbonate), after pulverizing, grinding, add 50 DEG C of hot water 11 parts and 0.88 part of ethanol, quick mixing, add 0.02 part of glycerine, 0.02 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, is stirred well to scattered paste shape.By magma perfusion to mould, be placed in steam box and pass into 110 DEG C of steamed 2 hours, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, freezes within 10 days, to take out nature afterwards and thaws at-1 DEG C.Through dehydration, decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 10
Example in mass ratio, get 1 portion of konjaku, 0.023 part of sodium carbonate, 0.030 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.005 part of fumaric acid one sodium, 0.014 part of light calcium carbonate, 0.011 part of sodium bicarbonate), after pulverizing, grinding, add 50 DEG C of hot water 15 parts and 1.2 parts of ethanol, quick mixing, add 0.10 part of glycerine, 0.05 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, is stirred well to scattered paste shape.By magma perfusion to mould, be placed in steam box and pass into 105 DEG C of steamed 2 hours, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, takes out nature after freezing 48 hours and thaw at-18 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 11
Example, gets 1 portion of konjaku, 0.023 part of sodium carbonate in mass ratio, 0.007 calcium hydroxide, 0.033 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.002 part of lactic acid, 0.005 part of aluminum phosphate sodium, 0.012 part of sodium bicarbonate, 0.014 part of light calcium carbonate), after pulverizing, grinding, add 50 DEG C of hot water 15 parts and 1.5 parts of ethanol, quick mixing, add 0.02 part of glycerine, 0.02 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, is stirred well to scattered paste shape.By magma perfusion to mould, be placed in steam box and pass into 110 DEG C of steamed 2 hours, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, freezes within 6 days, to take out nature afterwards and thaws at-10 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 12
Example in mass ratio, get 1 portion of konjaku, 0.025 part of sodium carbonate, 0.060 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.033 part of aluminum phosphate sodium, 0.027 part of light calcium carbonate), after pulverizing, grinding, add 50 DEG C of hot water 11 parts, mix fast, add 0.02 part of glycerine, 0.02 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, mixes fast, through being stirred well to dough gel.Load mould after being split by dough gel, be placed in steam box and pass into 120 DEG C of steamed 1 hour, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, takes out nature after freezing 48 hours and thaw at-23 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 13
Example in mass ratio, get 1 portion of konjaku, 0.015 part of calcium hydroxide, 0.031 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.008 part of calcium dihydric pyrophosphate, 0.023 part of sodium bicarbonate), after pulverizing, grinding, add 50 DEG C of hot water 12.5 parts and 1.00 parts of ethanol, mix fast, add 0.02 part of glycerine, 0.02 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, is stirred well to scattered paste shape.By magma perfusion to mould, be placed in steam box and pass into 100 DEG C of steamed 2 hours, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, takes out nature after freezing 72 hours and thaw at-18 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 14
Example, gets 1 portion of konjaku, 0.015 part of sodium carbonate, 0.035 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.007 part of tartarus, 0.028 part of saleratus) in mass ratio, adding 50 DEG C of hot water 500 grams, mixing fast, through being stirred well to dough gel after pulverizing, grinding.Load mould after being split by dough gel, be placed in steam box and pass into 120 DEG C of steamed 1 hour, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, freezes within 6 days, to take out nature afterwards and thaws at-25 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 15
Example, gets 1 portion of konjaku, 0.037 part of calcium hydroxide, 0.039 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.017 part) exsiccated ammonium alum, 0.022 part of bicarbonate of ammonia in mass ratio), after pulverizing, grinding, add 50 DEG C of hot water 12.5 parts, through being stirred well to dough gel.Load mould after being split by dough gel, be placed in steam box and pass into 105 DEG C of steamed 1 hour, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, takes out nature after freezing 15 hours and thaw at-40 DEG C.Adopt drier to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, then through seasoning, obtain konjac sponge.
Embodiment 16
Example in mass ratio, get 1 portion of konjaku, 0.015 part of calcium hydroxide, 0.034 part of whipping agent (wherein 0.006 part of secondary calcium phosphate, 0.028 part of saleratus), after pulverizing, grinding, add 50 DEG C of hot water 12.5 parts and 1 part of ethanol, mix fast, add 0.02 part of glycerine, 0.05 part of OP-10 emulsifying agent, is stirred well to scattered paste shape.By magma perfusion to mould, be placed in steam box and pass into 100 DEG C of steamed 3 hours, foaming.Gel piece after foaming, takes out nature after freezing 72 hours and thaw at-23 DEG C.Drier is adopted to be sloughed by water, through decolouring, dehydration and trimming, drier through less than 60 DEG C, drying room, obtain konjac sponge.