CN103214235A - Preparation method of microwave dielectric ceramic material - Google Patents
Preparation method of microwave dielectric ceramic material Download PDFInfo
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- CN103214235A CN103214235A CN2013101277360A CN201310127736A CN103214235A CN 103214235 A CN103214235 A CN 103214235A CN 2013101277360 A CN2013101277360 A CN 2013101277360A CN 201310127736 A CN201310127736 A CN 201310127736A CN 103214235 A CN103214235 A CN 103214235A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a microwave dielectric ceramic material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: dissolving neodymium salt, zinc salt, titanium salt and citric acid into an aqueous solution to form a first mixed solution; dissolving strontium salt, calcium salt, titanium salt and citric acid into an aqueous solution to form a second mixed solution; adding an ammonia aqueous solution into the second mixed solution until vitreosol is formed; drying the vitreosol, and calcining the vitreosol to obtain nanopowder; dispersing the nanopowder into absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a suspension liquid; adding the first mixed solution into the suspension liquid until a sol for suspending the powder is formed; and drying the sol for suspending the powder to form xerogel for coating a precursor of the nanopowder, and calcining the precursor to obtain Nd-Zn-Ti and Sr-Ca-Ti based composite dielectric ceramic nanopowder. In such a way, the method can be used for reducing the sintering temperature, improving the performance of the material and effectively reducing the industrial energy consumption and the production cost of the material system in the process of preparing the Nd-Zn-Ti and Sr-Ca-Ti based composite dielectric ceramic material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic field, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of microwave dielectric ceramic materials.
Background technology
Microwave-medium ceramics is being applied in microwave frequency band (mainly being UHF, the SHF frequency range) circuit of growing up over nearly 30 years as dielectric material and finishes the new function electron ceramic material of one or more functions, being widely used as components and parts such as resonator, wave filter, dielectric substrate, medium guided wave loop in modern communicationses such as mobile communication, satellite communications, military radar, global positioning system (GPS), Bluetooth technology, WLAN (wireless local area network), is the key foundation material of modern communication technology.Be applied to the media ceramic of microwave circuit, except physical strength, chemical stability and the ageing stability of indispensability, also need satisfy following dielectric properties and require: (1) has relative higher dielectric constant ε under microwave frequency
r, general requirement ε
r20, so that microwave device miniaturization, integrated; (2) have extremely low dielectric loss under the microwave resonance frequency, promptly very high quality factor (Q) are to guarantee good selecting frequency characteristic and to reduce the insertion loss of device under high frequency, general requirement Q * f〉30000; (3) near zero temperature coefficient of resonance frequency (τ
f), to guarantee the high stability of device resonant frequency in the temperature variation environment.
Neodymium zinc titanium pottery (Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3, NZT) have high relatively specific inductivity (ε
r=31.55) and the quality factor q of superelevation * f value be 170000(8.5GHz).Yet the NZT pottery has high negative temperature coefficient of resonance frequency τ
f(42ppm/ ℃) limited its practical application.
Existing preparation τ
fValue is zero NZT base composite microwave medium ceramic, adopts traditional solid phase china-clay method at Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3(NZT) add SrTiO in
3(ST) pottery forms xNd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3-(1-x) SrTiO
3Biphasic system.When x=0.48, τ
fValue is zero.Yet this method has following shortcoming:
Tradition solid phase china-clay method is to select high-purity oxide compound or carbonate for use, press formula rate and prepares burden, and through ball milling, calcining, mill, adds a certain amount of binding agent again, after granulation, compression moulding, carries out sintering.This method technology is simple, low for equipment requirements, is the preparation method of present topmost a kind of advanced ceramics powder.But this method synthetic Nd is (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3-SrTiO
3There is following shortcoming in based composite powder: it is inhomogeneous that the mixing of at first mechanical means can't be eliminated the raw material micro Distribution, makes diffusion process be difficult to carry out smoothly, thereby raw material is difficult to fully reaction and obtains high-purity purpose phase; Secondly,, introduce some impurity easily because thinning process mainly adopts the mechanical disintegration means, thus the dielectric properties of infringement material; Mechanical refinement simultaneously can not be guaranteed the microscopic uniformity that the powder component distributes, thereby is difficult to guarantee composite ceramic material Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3And the uniform distribution between mixing mutually, influence the dielectric material performance; In addition, mechanical refinement is difficult to make the granularity of ceramic powder to reach below the 1 μ m, and the powder active that makes is relatively poor, causes ceramic sintering temperature higher.
In addition, synthesis by solid state reaction commonly used at present can't be avoided Nd (Zn under the high-temperature condition
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3Volatile Elements Zn causes the technological deficiency of material prescription unstable properties that deviation causes in the system.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves provides a kind of preparation method of microwave dielectric ceramic materials, can be in the process of preparation neodymium zinc titanium series ceramic material, reduce sintering temperature, improve the performance of this material simultaneously, effectively reduce the industrial energy consumption and the production cost of this material system.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of preparation method of microwave dielectric ceramic materials is provided, comprises:
The salt of neodymium, zinc, titanium and citric acid are dissolved in the aqueous solution form first mixing solutions;
The salt of strontium, calcium, titanium and citric acid are dissolved in the aqueous solution form second mixing solutions;
In described second mixing solutions, add ammonia soln until forming vitreosol;
Obtain nanometer powder with described vitreosol drying and through calcining;
Described nanometer powder is scattered in the dehydrated alcohol, obtains suspension;
Described first mixing solutions is added in the described suspension until the colloidal sol that forms suspended powder;
With the dry presoma that forms xerogel clad nano powder of the colloidal sol of described suspended powder, and described presoma calcining obtained neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body.
Wherein, described salt and citric acid with neodymium, zinc, titanium is dissolved in the step that the aqueous solution forms first mixing solutions and comprises: neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid are dissolved in form first mixing solutions in the deionized water, wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 1.5～2.0:1.
Wherein, described salt and citric acid with strontium, calcium, titanium is dissolved in the step that the aqueous solution forms second mixing solutions and comprises: strontium nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid are dissolved in form second mixing solutions in the deionized water, wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 1.5～2.0:1.
Wherein, after the described step that obtains neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body, also comprise:
In described neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body, add caking agent, fluidizer and organic solution, described neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body is made powder granule by granulation for powders.
Wherein, describedly described neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body is made after the step of powder granule, also comprised: the blank of described powder granule being made desired shape by granulation for powders.
Wherein, after the step of the described blank of powder granule being made desired shape, also comprise: described blank is obtained microwave-medium ceramics through sintering.
Wherein, described blank comprises through the step that sintering obtains microwave-medium ceramics:
At 900～1200 ℃ of following sintering, sintering time is 2～4 hours, obtains microwave-medium ceramics with described blank.
Wherein, the salt of described neodymium, zinc, titanium and citric acid are dissolved in the step that the aqueous solution forms first mixing solutions and comprise: the salt and the citric acid of neodymium, zinc, titanium are dissolved in the deionized water, and to add ammonia soln be 5～8 to form first mixing solutionss until pH.
Wherein, the described ammonia soln that adds in second mixing solutions comprises until the step that forms vitreosol:
At 60～80 ℃, in described second mixing solutions, add ammoniacal liquor and constantly stirring, until forming vitreosol.
Wherein, described that vitreosol is dry and comprise through the step that calcining obtains nanometer powder: described vitreosol drying is obtained xerogel, and described xerogel obtains nanometer powder 600～800 ℃ of calcinings 1～2 hour down.
Wherein, the described step that first mixing solutions is added in the described suspension until the colloidal sol that forms suspended powder comprises:
Under 60～80 ℃ of condition of stirring, described first mixing solutions is dropwise joined in the described suspension until the colloidal sol that forms suspended powder.
Wherein, the dry presoma that forms xerogel clad nano powder of described colloidal sol with suspended powder, and the step that described presoma calcining is obtained neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body comprises:
The colloidal sol of suspended powder is obtained the presoma of xerogel clad nano powder 100～150 ℃ of following dryings; The calcining under 600～800 ℃ of described presoma was obtained neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body in 1～2 hour.
Wherein, the salt of described neodymium, zinc, titanium is according to chemical formula: (1-x) Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ aB
2O
3The mole proportioning of+bCuO feeds intake, and according to 0≤a≤0.5mol%, the mole proportioning of 0≤b≤1.0mol% adds at least a to described first mixing solutions of boric acid and cupric oxide; The salt of described strontium, calcium, titanium is according to chemical formula: x (Sr
1-yCa
y) TiO
3The mole proportioning feed intake 0.45≤x≤0.55,0≤y≤1.0 wherein.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: at present, synthesis by solid state reaction commonly used can't be avoided Nd (Zn under the high-temperature condition
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3Volatile Elements Zn causes the technological deficiency of material prescription unstable properties that deviation causes in the system.The present invention is a raw material with nitrate, alkoxide and the Citrate trianion of Nd, Zn, Sr, Ca, Ti element, adopts sol-gel technology to prepare Nd (Zn respectively
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3Clear gel and (Sr, Ca) TiO
3Nanometer powder, the approach by clear gel clad nano powder obtains the Nd (Zn that two-phase was evenly distributed, had " nuclear-shell " structure
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3-(Sr, Ca) TiO
3Neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body adds micro-sintering aid B in the solution mode simultaneously
2O
3And CuO, thereby realize the two-phase uniform distribution, can be under different sintering temperatures (900～1200 ℃) sintering, have high specific inductivity (ε
rValue is 42～58), (Q * f value is neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium base composite microwave medium ceramic of 60000～100000GHz) to ultra high quality factor.Thereby the present invention can reduce sintering temperature in the process of preparation neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric stupalith, improve the performance of this material simultaneously, effectively reduces the industrial energy consumption and the production cost of this material system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of an embodiment of preparation method of microwave dielectric ceramic materials of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schema of another embodiment of preparation method of microwave dielectric ceramic materials of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the SEM figure synoptic diagram of neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body of preparing of embodiment of the present invention four;
Fig. 4 is the SEM figure synoptic diagram of the microwave-medium ceramics for preparing of embodiment of the present invention four.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
In the embodiment of the present invention, the salt of neodymium, zinc, titanium, strontium, calcium is that example is illustrated with neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate, strontium nitrate and nitrocalcite respectively, but is not defined as the scope of the metal-salt of the present invention's employing.Be under the same terms, the salt of the neodymium in the embodiment of the present invention, zinc, titanium, strontium, calcium can also be vitriol, carbonate or the like, the present invention does not give unnecessary details for example one by one.Those skilled in the art pay under the situation of creative work not needing, and adopt other salt of these metals to realize the present invention, also belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
See also Fig. 1, embodiment of the preparation method of microwave dielectric ceramic materials of the present invention comprises:
Step S101: the salt of neodymium, zinc, titanium and citric acid are dissolved in the aqueous solution form first mixing solutions.Concrete, be starting raw material with neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate, boric acid, cupric nitrate and the citric acid of purity more than 99%.Press chemical expression Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ aB
2O
3+ bCuO is dissolved in a certain proportion of neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid in a certain amount of deionized water, forms first mixing solutions, and wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 1.5～2.0:1.Then at least a of boric acid and cupric nitrate added by a certain percentage dissolving.Ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the mixing solutions of being prepared, and the pH value of control mixing solutions promptly stops to add ammoniacal liquor between 5～8,0≤a≤0.5mol% wherein, 0≤b≤1.0mol%.
Step S102: the salt of strontium, calcium, titanium and citric acid are dissolved in the aqueous solution form second mixing solutions.Concrete, be starting raw material with strontium nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and the citric acid of purity more than 99%.Press chemical expression (Sr
1-yCa
y) TiO
3A certain proportion of strontium nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid are dissolved in a certain amount of deionized water, form second mixing solutions, wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 1.5～2.0:1, wherein 0≤y≤1.0.
Step S103: in second mixing solutions, add ammonia soln until forming vitreosol.Concrete, ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the solution of being prepared, reach between 5～8 up to the pH value, add and continue at 60～80 ℃ and stir, form vitreosol.Because original raw material mixes with the solution form, can obtain atom level or be the vitreosol that has high microscopic uniformity more than the molecular level at least.
Step S104: obtain nanometer powder with the vitreosol drying and through calcining.Concrete, the vitreosol that step S103 is formed places 100～150 ℃ baking oven to dry, until forming xerogel; The xerogel that obtains is calcined down at 600～800 ℃, calcination time 1～2 hour obtains (Sr again
1-yCa
y) TiO
3Nanometer powder (d
50=50～100nm), can adopt retort furnace to carry out high-temperature calcination.
Step S105: nanometer powder is scattered in the dehydrated alcohol, obtains suspension.Concrete (the Sr that step S104 is made
1-yCa
y) TiO
3Nanometer powder is dispersed in the dehydrated alcohol, stirs and carries out supersound process, obtains suspension.
Step S106: first mixing solutions is added in the suspension until the colloidal sol that forms suspended powder.Concrete, with the Nd (Zn of step S101 preparation
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3Citric acid solution dropwise joins (Sr, Ca) TiO at 60～80 ℃
3Suspension in, and continue to stir, until the colloidal sol that forms even suspended nano powder.
Step S107:, and the presoma calcining obtained neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body with the dry presoma that forms xerogel clad nano powder of the colloidal sol of suspended powder.Concrete, the colloidal sol that step S106 is made forms the presoma of xerogel clad nano powder in 100～150 ℃ of oven dry.The presoma that obtains is calcined down at 600～800 ℃, and calcination time 1～2 hour obtains neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium (1-x) Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3-x (Sr, Ca) TiO
3Based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body (d
50=50～200nm).
In the present embodiment, the salt of described neodymium, zinc, titanium is according to chemical formula: (1-x) Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ aB
2O
3The mole proportioning of+bCuO feeds intake, and according to 0≤a≤0.5mol%, the mole proportioning of 0≤b≤1.0mol% adds at least a to described first mixing solutions of boric acid and cupric oxide; The salt of described strontium, calcium, titanium is according to chemical formula: x (Sr
1-yCa
y) TiO
3The mole proportioning feed intake 0.45≤x≤0.55,0≤y≤1.0 wherein.
In addition, the above-mentioned not strict differentiation sequencing of step for preparing first mixing solutions and nanometer powder that is to say, can prepare nanometer powder refabrication first mixing solutions earlier, also can prepare the second mixing solutions refabrication nanometer powder earlier.Be that above-mentioned steps S101 can be after step S102～step S105, also can be before step S102～step S105.
Present embodiment is a raw material with nitrate, alkoxide and the Citrate trianion of Nd, Zn, Sr, Ca, Ti element, adopts sol-gel technology to prepare Nd (Zn respectively
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3Clear gel and (Sr, Ca) TiO
3Nanometer powder, the approach by clear gel clad nano powder obtains the Nd (Zn that two-phase was evenly distributed, had " nuclear-shell " structure
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3-(Sr, Ca) TiO
3Neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body adds micro-sintering aid B in the solution mode simultaneously
2O
3And CuO, thereby realize the two-phase uniform distribution, can be under different sintering temperatures (900～1200 ℃) sintering, have high specific inductivity (ε
rValue is 42～58), (Q * f value is neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium base composite microwave medium ceramic of 60000～100000GHz) to ultra high quality factor.Thereby the present invention can reduce sintering temperature in the process of preparation neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric stupalith, improve the performance of this material simultaneously, effectively reduces the industrial energy consumption and the production cost of this material system.
Embodiment two
See also Fig. 2, another embodiment of the preparation method of microwave dielectric ceramic materials of the present invention comprises:
Step S201: the salt of neodymium, zinc, titanium and citric acid are dissolved in the aqueous solution form first mixing solutions.Concrete, be starting raw material with neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate, boric acid, cupric nitrate and the citric acid of purity more than 99%.Press chemical expression Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ aB
2O
3+ bCuO is dissolved in a certain proportion of neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid in a certain amount of deionized water, forms first mixing solutions, and wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 1.5～2.0:1.Then at least a of boric acid and cupric nitrate added by a certain percentage dissolving.Ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the mixing solutions of being prepared, and the pH value of control mixing solutions promptly stops to add ammoniacal liquor between 5～8,0≤a≤0.5mol% wherein, 0≤b≤1.0mol%.
Step S202: the salt of strontium, calcium, titanium and citric acid are dissolved in the aqueous solution form second mixing solutions.Concrete, be starting raw material with strontium nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and the citric acid of purity more than 99%.Press chemical expression (Sr
1-yCa
y) TiO
3A certain proportion of strontium nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid are dissolved in a certain amount of deionized water, form second mixing solutions, wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 1.5～2.0:1, wherein 0≤y≤1.0.
Step S203: in second mixing solutions, add ammonia soln until forming vitreosol.Concrete, ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the solution of being prepared, reach between 5～8 up to the pH value, add and continue at 60～80 ℃ and stir, form vitreosol.Because original raw material mixes with the solution form, can obtain atom level or be the vitreosol that has high microscopic uniformity more than the molecular level at least.
Step S204: obtain nanometer powder with the vitreosol drying and through calcining.Concrete, the vitreosol that step S203 is formed places 100～150 ℃ baking oven to dry, until forming xerogel; The xerogel that obtains is calcined down at 600～800 ℃, calcination time 1～2 hour obtains (Sr again
1-yCa
y) TiO
3Nanometer powder (d
50=50～100nm), can adopt retort furnace to carry out high-temperature calcination.
Step S205: nanometer powder is scattered in the dehydrated alcohol, obtains suspension.Concrete (the Sr that step S204 is made
1-yCa
y) TiO
3Nanometer powder is dispersed in the dehydrated alcohol, stirs and carries out supersound process, obtains suspension.
Step S206: first mixing solutions is added in the suspension until the colloidal sol that forms suspended powder.Concrete, with the Nd (Zn of step S201 preparation
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3Citric acid solution dropwise joins (Sr, Ca) TiO at 60～80 ℃
3Suspension in, and continue to stir, until the colloidal sol that forms even suspended nano powder.
Step S207:, and the presoma calcining obtained neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body with the dry presoma that forms xerogel clad nano powder of the colloidal sol of suspended powder.Concrete, the colloidal sol that step S206 is made forms the presoma of xerogel clad nano powder in 100～150 ℃ of oven dry.The presoma that obtains is calcined down at 600～800 ℃, and calcination time 1～2 hour obtains neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium (1-x) Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3-x (Sr, Ca) TiO
3Based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body (d
50=50～200nm).
Step S208: in neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body, add caking agent, fluidizer and organic solution, neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body is made powder granule;
On the basis of the above-mentioned neodymium zinc titanium for preparing-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body, can further carry out granulation for powders technology, promptly in neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body, add caking agent, fluidizer and organic solvent, uniformly mix, adopt conventional granulation for powders neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body to be made powder granule such as the mode of mist projection granulating.
Step S209: the blank of powder granule being made desired shape.
By powder granule compression moulding promptly being obtained the pressed compact of desired shape.Pressed compact is to carry out two-sided compression moulding by pressing machine with manual or automated packing mode, perhaps carries out shot moulding by shot forming technique.
Step S210: blank is obtained microwave-medium ceramics through calcining.Concrete, at 900～1200 ℃ of following sintering, sintering time is 2～4 hours, obtains microwave-medium ceramics with blank.
In the present embodiment, the component prescription of this neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium base composite microwave medium ceramic is according to following chemical expression: [(1-x) Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ x (Sr
1-yCa
y) TiO
3]+aB
2O
3+ bCuO, 0.45≤x≤0.55,0≤y≤1.0,0≤a≤0.5mol% wherein, 0≤b≤1.0mol%.
In addition, identical with embodiment one, the above-mentioned not strict differentiation sequencing of step for preparing first mixing solutions and nanometer powder that is to say, can prepare nanometer powder refabrication first mixing solutions earlier, also can prepare the second mixing solutions refabrication nanometer powder earlier.Be that above-mentioned steps S201 can be after step S202～step S205, also can be before step S202～step S205.
Present embodiment is a raw material with nitrate, alkoxide and the Citrate trianion of Nd, Zn, Sr, Ca, Ti element, adopts sol-gel technology to prepare Nd (Zn respectively
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3Clear gel and (Sr, Ca) TiO
3Nanometer powder, the approach by clear gel clad nano powder obtains the Nd (Zn that two-phase was evenly distributed, had " nuclear-shell " structure
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3-(Sr, Ca) TiO
3Neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body adds micro-sintering aid B in the solution mode simultaneously
2O
3And CuO, thereby realize the two-phase uniform distribution, can be under different sintering temperatures (900～1200 ℃) sintering, have high specific inductivity (ε
rValue is 42～58), (Q * f value is neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium base composite microwave medium ceramic of 60000～100000GHz) to ultra high quality factor.Thereby the present invention can reduce sintering temperature in the process of preparation neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric stupalith, improve the performance of this material simultaneously, effectively reduces the industrial energy consumption and the production cost of this material system.
Embodiment three
Present embodiment main material prescription adopts [0.55Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.45 (Sr
0.8Ca
0.2) TiO
3] be chemical constitution, be starting raw material with neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, strontium nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and the citric acid of purity more than 99%, and realize by following processing step.
1) with the neodymium nitrate (Nd (NO of purity more than 99%
3)
35H
2O), zinc nitrate (Zn (NO
3)
26H
2O), butyl (tetra) titanate (C
16H
36O
4Ti) and citric acid (C
6H
8O
7H
2O) be starting raw material.Press chemical expression 0.55Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3A certain proportion of neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid are dissolved in a certain amount of deionized water, form solution.Wherein, total mol ratio of the citric acid of adding and metal ion nitrate is 1.5:1.Then, ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the solution of being prepared, reach 5 up to the pH value.
2) with the strontium nitrate (Sr (NO of purity more than 99%
3)
2), nitrocalcite (Ca (NO
3)
2), butyl (tetra) titanate (C
16H
36O
4Ti) and citric acid (C
6H
8O
7H
2O) be starting raw material.Press chemical expression 0.45 (Sr
0.8Ca
0.2) TiO
3A certain proportion of strontium nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid are dissolved in a certain amount of deionized water, form solution, wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 1.5:1.Ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the solution of being prepared, reach 5, add and continue at 80 ℃ and stir, form vitreosol up to the pH value.Colloidal sol places 150 ℃ baking oven to dry, until forming xerogel; The xerogel that obtains is calcined down at 800 ℃, and calcination time is 1 hour, obtains (Sr
0.8Ca
0.2) TiO
3Nanometer powder (d
50=50～100nm).
3) 0.45 (Sr that step 2 is made
0.8Ca
0.2) TiO
3Nanometer powder is dispersed in the dehydrated alcohol, stirs also powerful ultrasonic.In whipping process, with the 0.55Nd (Zn of step 1 preparation
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3Citric acid solution dropwise joins 0.45 (Sr at 80 ℃
0.8Ca
0.2) TiO
3Suspension in, until the colloidal sol that forms even suspended nano powder.Colloidal sol forms the presoma of xerogel clad nano powder in 150 ℃ of oven dry.The presoma powder that obtains is calcined down at 680 ℃, and calcination time is 1 hour, obtains neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body (d
50=50～200nm).
4) step 3 synthetic complex media ceramic powder being added caking agent, fluidizer and organic solvent etc. uniformly mixes, and utilize traditional technology to carry out the compression moulding of granulation for powders and blank, then at the high temperature kiln roasting, firing temperature is 1200 ℃, firing time is 2h, promptly makes neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium base composite microwave medium ceramic (0.55Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.45 (Sr
0.8Ca
0.2) TiO
3).
The relative permittivity ε of this composite microwave medium ceramic after tested
rBe 57.7, (Q * f) value is 98000GHz, temperature coefficient of resonance frequency τ to quality factor
fBe-8ppm/ ℃.
Embodiment four
Present embodiment main material prescription adopts [0.45Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.55 (Sr
0.1Ca
0.9) TiO
3] be chemical constitution, be starting raw material with neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, strontium nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and the citric acid of purity more than 99%, and realize by following processing step.
1) with the neodymium nitrate (Nd (NO of purity more than 99%
3)
35H
2O), zinc nitrate (Zn (NO
3)
26H
2O), butyl (tetra) titanate (C
16H
36O
4Ti) and citric acid (C
6H
8O
7H
2O) be starting raw material.Press chemical expression 0.45Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3A certain proportion of neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid be dissolved in a certain amount of deionized water form solution.Wherein, total mol ratio of the citric acid of adding and metal ion nitrate is 2:1.Then, ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the solution of being prepared, reach 8 up to the pH value.
2) with the strontium nitrate (Sr (NO of purity more than 99%
3)
2), nitrocalcite (Ca (NO
3)
2), butyl (tetra) titanate (C
16H
36O
4Ti) and citric acid (C
6H
8O
7H
2O) be starting raw material.Press chemical expression (Sr
0.1Ca
0.9) TiO
3A certain proportion of strontium nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid are dissolved in a certain amount of deionized water, form solution, wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 2:1.Ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the solution of being prepared, reach 8, add and continue at 60 ℃ and stir, form vitreosol up to the pH value.Colloidal sol places 100 ℃ baking oven to dry, until forming xerogel; The xerogel that obtains is calcined down at 600 ℃, and calcination time is 2 hours, obtains (Sr
0.1Ca
0.9) TiO
3Nanometer powder (d
50=50～100nm).
3) 0.55 (Sr that step 2 is made
0.1Ca
0.9) TiO
3Nanometer powder is dispersed in the dehydrated alcohol, stirs also powerful ultrasonic.In whipping process, with the 0.45Nd (Zn of step 1 preparation
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3Citric acid solution dropwise joins 0.55 (Sr at 60 ℃
0.1Ca
0.9) TiO
3Suspension in, until the colloidal sol that forms even suspended nano powder.Colloidal sol forms the presoma of xerogel clad nano powder in 100 ℃ of oven dry.The presoma powder that obtains is calcined down at 600 ℃, and calcination time is 2 hours, obtains neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body (d
50=50～200nm).
4) step 3 synthetic complex media ceramic powder being added caking agent, fluidizer and organic solvent etc. uniformly mixes, and utilize traditional technology to carry out the compression moulding of granulation for powders and blank, then at the high temperature kiln roasting, firing temperature is 1150 ℃, firing time is 4h, promptly makes neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium base composite microwave medium ceramic (0.45Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.55 (Sr
0.1Ca
0.9) TiO
3).
The relative permittivity ε of this composite microwave medium ceramic after tested
rBe 42.5, (Q * f) value is 71500GHz, temperature coefficient of resonance frequency τ to quality factor
fBe+7ppm/ ℃.
The SEM figure of the neodymium zinc titanium that present embodiment prepares-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body sees also Fig. 3, and as seen from the figure, nano-powder presents good island pattern, and the mean diameter of nano-powder is 50nm, and particle shape approaches spherical.The SEM figure for preparing microwave-medium ceramics in the present embodiment sees also Fig. 4, and as seen from the figure, composite ceramics has high density, and average grain size is 500nm.
Embodiment five
Present embodiment main material prescription adopts chemical formula: [0.5Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.5SrTiO
3]+0.5mol%B
2O
3Being chemical constitution, is starting raw material with neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, strontium nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate, citric acid and the boric acid of purity more than 99%, and realizes by following processing step.
1) with the neodymium nitrate (Nd (NO of purity more than 99%
3)
35H
2O), zinc nitrate (Zn (NO
3)
26H
2O), butyl (tetra) titanate (C
16H
36O
4Ti), citric acid (C
6H
8O
7H
2O) and boric acid (H
3BO
3) be starting raw material.Press chemical expression 0.5Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.5mol%B
2O
3A certain proportion of neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid be dissolved in a certain amount of deionized water form solution.Wherein, total mol ratio of the citric acid of adding and metal ion nitrate is 1.8:1.Then, boric acid is added by a certain percentage this solution dissolving.At last, ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the above-mentioned mixing solutions, reach 7 up to the pH value.
2) with the strontium nitrate (Sr (NO of purity more than 99%
3)
2), butyl (tetra) titanate (C
16H
36O
4Ti) and citric acid (C
6H
8O
7H
2O) be starting raw material.Press chemical expression 0.5SrTiO
3A certain proportion of strontium nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid are dissolved in a certain amount of deionized water, form solution, wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 1.8:1.Ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the solution of being prepared, reach 7, add and continue at 70 ℃ and stir, form vitreosol up to the pH value.Colloidal sol places 120 ℃ baking oven to dry, until forming xerogel; The xerogel that obtains is calcined down at 700 ℃, and calcination time is 1.5 hours, obtains SrTiO
3Nanometer powder (d
50=50～100nm).
3) 0.5SrTiO that step 2 is made
3Nanometer powder is dispersed in the dehydrated alcohol, stirs also powerful ultrasonic.In whipping process, with the 0.5Nd (Zn of step 1 preparation
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.5mol%B
2O
3Citric acid solution dropwise joins 0.5SrTiO at 70 ℃
3Suspension in, until the colloidal sol that forms even suspended nano powder.Colloidal sol forms the presoma of xerogel clad nano powder in 120 ℃ of oven dry.The presoma powder that obtains is calcined down at 700 ℃, and calcination time is 1.5 hours, obtains neodymium zinc titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body (0.5Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.5SrTiO
3, d
50=50～200nm).
4) step 3 synthetic complex media ceramic powder being added caking agent, fluidizer and organic solvent etc. uniformly mixes, and utilize traditional technology to carry out the compression moulding of granulation for powders and blank, then at the high temperature kiln roasting, firing temperature is 1000 ℃, firing time is 3h, promptly makes neodymium zinc titanium base composite microwave medium ceramic (0.5Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.5SrTiO
3).
The relative permittivity ε of this composite microwave medium ceramic after tested
rBe 53, (Q * f) value is 87100GHz, temperature coefficient of resonance frequency τ to quality factor
fBe-2ppm/ ℃.
Embodiment six
Present embodiment main material prescription adopts chemical formula: [0.5Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.5CaTiO
3]+0.5mol%B
2O
3+ 1.0mol%CuO is a chemical constitution, is starting raw material with neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate, citric acid, boric acid and the cupric nitrate of purity more than 99%, and realizes by following processing step.
1) with the neodymium nitrate (Nd (NO of purity more than 99%
3)
35H
2O), zinc nitrate (Zn (NO
3)
26H
2O), butyl (tetra) titanate (C
16H
36O
4Ti), citric acid (C
6H
8O
7H
2O), boric acid (H
3BO
3) and cupric nitrate (Cu (NO
3)
26H
2O) be starting raw material.Press chemical expression 0.5Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.5mol%B
2O
3+ 1.0mol%CuO is dissolved in a certain proportion of neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid in a certain amount of deionized water, forms solution.Wherein, total mol ratio of the citric acid of adding and metal ion nitrate is 1.5:1.Then, boric acid and cupric nitrate are added this solution dissolving by a certain percentage.At last, ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the above-mentioned mixing solutions, reach 7 up to the pH value.
2) with the nitrocalcite (Ca (NO of purity more than 99%
3)
2), butyl (tetra) titanate (C
16H
36O
4Ti) and citric acid (C
6H
8O
7H
2O) be starting raw material.Press chemical expression 0.5CaTiO
3A certain proportion of nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid be dissolved in a certain amount of deionized water form solution.Wherein, total mol ratio of the citric acid of adding and metal ion nitrate is 1.5:1.Then, ammoniacal liquor is slowly added in the above-mentioned mixing solutions, reach 7, add and continue at 80 ℃ and stir, form vitreosol up to the pH value.Place 120 ℃ baking oven to dry this colloidal sol, until forming xerogel; The xerogel that obtains is calcined down at 650 ℃, and calcination time is 2 hours, obtains CaTiO
3Nanometer powder (d
50=50～100nm).
3) 0.5CaTiO that step 2 is made
3Nanometer powder is dispersed in the dehydrated alcohol, stirs also powerful ultrasonic.In whipping process, with the 0.5Nd (Zn of step 1 preparation
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.5mol%B
2O
3+ 1.0mol%CuO citric acid solution dropwise joins 0.5CaTiO at 80 ℃
3Suspension in, until the colloidal sol that forms even suspended nano powder.This colloidal sol in 120 ℃ of oven dry, is formed the presoma of xerogel clad nano powder.The presoma powder that obtains is calcined down at 650 ℃, and calcination time is 2 hours, obtains neodymium zinc titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body (d
50=50～200nm).
4) step 3 synthetic complex media ceramic powder being added caking agent, fluidizer and organic solvent etc. uniformly mixes, and utilize traditional technology to carry out the compression moulding of granulation for powders and blank, then at the high temperature kiln roasting, firing temperature is 910 ℃, firing time is 3h, promptly makes neodymium zinc titanium base composite microwave medium ceramic (0.5Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ 0.5CaTiO
3]+0.5mol%B
2O
3+ 1.0mol%CuO).
The relative permittivity ε of this composite microwave medium ceramic after tested
rBe 47, (Q * f) value is 62000GHz, temperature coefficient of resonance frequency τ to quality factor
fBe 0ppm/ ℃.
By the elaboration of above-mentioned embodiment, be appreciated that the present invention is a raw material with nitrate, alkoxide and the Citrate trianion of Nd, Zn, Sr, Ca, Ti element, adopt sol-gel technology to prepare Nd (Zn respectively
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3Clear gel and (Sr, Ca) TiO
3Nanometer powder, the approach by clear gel clad nano powder obtains the Nd (Zn that two-phase was evenly distributed, had " nuclear-shell " structure
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3-(Sr, Ca) TiO
3Neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body adds micro-sintering aid B in the solution mode simultaneously
2O
3And CuO, thereby realize the two-phase uniform distribution, can be under different sintering temperatures (900～1200 ℃) sintering, have high specific inductivity (ε
rValue is 42～58), (Q * f value is neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium base composite microwave medium ceramic of 60000～100000GHz) to ultra high quality factor.Thereby the present invention can reduce sintering temperature in the process of preparation neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric stupalith, improve the performance of this material simultaneously, effectively reduces the industrial energy consumption and the production cost of this material system.
The above only is embodiments of the present invention; be not so limit claim of the present invention; every equivalent structure or equivalent flow process conversion that utilizes specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to be done; or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical fields, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. the preparation method of a microwave dielectric ceramic materials is characterized in that, comprising:
The salt of neodymium, zinc, titanium and citric acid are dissolved in the aqueous solution form first mixing solutions;
The salt of strontium, calcium, titanium and citric acid are dissolved in the aqueous solution form second mixing solutions;
In described second mixing solutions, add ammonia soln until forming vitreosol;
Obtain nanometer powder with described vitreosol drying and through calcining;
Described nanometer powder is scattered in the dehydrated alcohol, obtains suspension;
Described first mixing solutions is added in the described suspension until the colloidal sol that forms suspended powder;
With the dry presoma that forms xerogel clad nano powder of the colloidal sol of described suspended powder, and described presoma calcining obtained neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described salt and citric acid with neodymium, zinc, titanium is dissolved in the step that the aqueous solution forms first mixing solutions and comprises: neodymium nitrate, zinc nitrate, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid are dissolved in form first mixing solutions in the deionized water, wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 1.5～2.0:1.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described salt and citric acid with strontium, calcium, titanium is dissolved in the step that the aqueous solution forms second mixing solutions and comprises: strontium nitrate, nitrocalcite, butyl (tetra) titanate and citric acid are dissolved in form second mixing solutions in the deionized water, wherein total mol ratio of citric acid of Jia Ruing and metal ion nitrate is 1.5～2.0:1.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, after the described step that obtains neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body, also comprises:
In described neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body, add caking agent, fluidizer and organic solution, described neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body is made powder granule by granulation for powders.
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that, describedly by granulation for powders described neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body is made after the step of powder granule, also comprises: the blank of described powder granule being made desired shape.
6. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, after the step of the described blank of powder granule being made desired shape, also comprises: described blank is obtained microwave-medium ceramics through sintering.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, described blank comprises through the step that sintering obtains microwave-medium ceramics:
At 900～1200 ℃ of following sintering, sintering time is 2～4 hours, obtains microwave-medium ceramics with described blank.
8. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the salt of described neodymium, zinc, titanium and citric acid are dissolved in the step that the aqueous solution forms first mixing solutions and comprise: the salt and the citric acid of neodymium, zinc, titanium are dissolved in the deionized water, and to add ammonia soln be 5～8 to form first mixing solutionss until pH.
9. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described ammonia soln that adds in second mixing solutions comprises until the step that forms vitreosol:
At 60～80 ℃, in described second mixing solutions, add ammoniacal liquor and constantly stirring, until forming vitreosol.
10. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described that vitreosol is dry and comprise through the step that calcining obtains nanometer powder: described vitreosol drying is obtained xerogel, and described xerogel obtains nanometer powder 600～800 ℃ of calcinings 1～2 hour down.
11. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the described step that first mixing solutions is added in the described suspension until the colloidal sol that forms suspended powder comprises:
Under 60～80 ℃ of condition of stirring, described first mixing solutions is dropwise joined in the described suspension until the colloidal sol that forms suspended powder.
12. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the dry presoma that forms xerogel clad nano powder of described colloidal sol with suspended powder, and the step that described presoma calcining is obtained neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body comprises:
The colloidal sol of suspended powder is obtained the presoma of xerogel clad nano powder 100～150 ℃ of following dryings; The calcining under 600～800 ℃ of described presoma was obtained neodymium zinc titanium-strontium calcium titanium based composite dielectric ceramic nano-powder body in 1～2 hour.
13. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the salt of described neodymium, zinc, titanium is according to chemical formula: (1-x) Nd (Zn
1/2Ti
1/2) O
3+ aB
2O
3The mole proportioning of+bCuO feeds intake, and according to 0≤a≤0.5mol%, the mole proportioning of 0≤b≤1.0mol% adds at least a to described first mixing solutions of boric acid and cupric oxide; The salt of described strontium, calcium, titanium is according to chemical formula: x (Sr
1-yCa
y) TiO
3The mole proportioning feed intake 0.45≤x≤0.55,0≤y≤1.0 wherein.
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| CN106866136A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-06-20 | 天津大学 | Chemical coating method prepares X9R type ceramic capacitor dielectric materials |
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