CN103212576A - Fast threading method for broken strip of withdrawal and straightening machine - Google Patents
Fast threading method for broken strip of withdrawal and straightening machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103212576A CN103212576A CN2013101082930A CN201310108293A CN103212576A CN 103212576 A CN103212576 A CN 103212576A CN 2013101082930 A CN2013101082930 A CN 2013101082930A CN 201310108293 A CN201310108293 A CN 201310108293A CN 103212576 A CN103212576 A CN 103212576A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- band steel
- straightening machine
- toe portion
- roller group
- idler roller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Abstract
The invention provides a fast threading method for a broken strip of a withdrawal and straightening machine applied to the technical field of cold-rolled sheet steel rolling processes. The method comprises the following steps of: when strip steel (9) is broken in a withdrawal and straightening machine body (1), dragging the strip steel head I (5) of the strip steel (9) at the broken position of the withdrawal and straightening machine into an acid tank (4); welding the strip steel head I (5) with a strip steel tail I (6); breaking the strip steel (9) at the outlet of the straightening machine; bypassing the strip steel head II (7) of the re-broken strip steel (9) around a tension roller group II (3); and welding the strip steel head II (7) which bypasses the tension roller group II (3) with the strip steel tail II (8) of the re-broken strip steel (9). By the fast threading method provided by the invention, the treatment time for the broken strip steel can be saved through the improvement of the threading method, so that the production efficiency is improved; the labor intensity is reduced; and the safety of personnel during an accident handling process can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to flat cold-rolled sheet steel rolling process technical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of band method of wearing fast of straightening machine broken belt, be applicable to the broken belt accident treatment between continuous slewing rollers group.
Background technology
On complete continuous four frame six-high cluster mills, acid cleaning process section porch all can be provided with brokenly phosphorus straightening machine to band steel bend tension, be with the steel plate type and make its surperficial iron scale loose in order to improve, thereby be easy to pickling, acid cleaning process section strip steel maximum linear velocity can reach 240Mpm.As be with that the steel weldquality is bad, raw material is folding, the limit is split defective and at the straightening machine band steel tear fracture taken place, and then is with the steel afterbody owing to can be got rid of to acid tank at a high speed, band steel toe portion breaks and exports at the straightening machine.Traditional treatment method generally is the band steel toe portion in straightening machine exit to be worn to bring in the acid tank by pull rope manually weld with afterbody, but these class methods are for thin specification, raw thickness 〉=3.5mm in case narrow material can effectively be implemented to have an accident then have difficulties: be pulled the band steel and need rely on artificial tractive force when wearing band advancing by idler roller group II (the S-shaped idler roller group II that detours of band steel), but can't be completed into cornerite between strain that thick band steel produces and roll surface, traction moves ahead time-consuming by the frictional force crawl, effort, throw away apart from general processing time needs under the normal condition 10 hours according to band steel afterbody, if severe patient band steel threw away the acid tank processing time more than at least 16 hours, also will damage human body for long time treatment accident acid mist in acid tank.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of processing time that can save the band steel at straightening machine place broken belt is provided, thereby enhance productivity, reduce labour intensity, and ensure the band method of wearing fast of the straightening machine broken belt of personnel's safety in the accident treatment process.
Solve above-described technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
The present invention is a kind of band method of wearing fast of straightening machine broken belt, described straightening machine comprises straightening machine body, straightening machine porch and straightening machine exit at straightening machine body are provided with idler roller group I and idler roller group II respectively, idler roller group I and idler roller group II drive the band steel by control assembly and pass idler roller group I successively, straightening machine body, idler roller group II, the band steel that passes after the idler roller group II enters in the acid tank, when broken belt takes place in the band steel in straightening machine body, elder generation draws the band steel toe portion I of the band steel at straightening machine broken belt place to acid tank and is connected with band steel afterbody I, band steel to straightening machine exit carries out broken belt again, with the S-shaped idler roller group II of walking around of band steel toe portion II of the band steel of broken belt once more, will walk around the band steel toe portion II of idler roller group II again and be connected with the band steel afterbody II of broken belt once more.
When broken belt takes place in described band steel in straightening machine body, band steel toe portion I to straightening machine exit is processed into ligulate, and be with steel toe portion I place to leave two circular hole I, affect the pull rope of band steel to be hooked in the circular hole, (when drawing to acid tank, described band steel enters in the acid tank by crawl control idler roller group I drive band steel toe portion I and welds with band steel afterbody I by pull rope to be with steel toe portion I.
After described band steel toe portion I is drawn to the acid tank by pull rope, take off pull rope, to be with steel toe portion I to be connected with band steel afterbody I, band steel to straightening machine exit carries out broken belt again, to be with the S-shaped idler roller group II of walking around of steel toe portion II by crawl idler roller group I and artificial traction linkage manner, the band steel afterbody II in the time of will walking around the band steel toe portion II of idler roller group II with broken belt is once more then welded.
Before described band steel toe portion II is walked around 4 idler rollers of idler roller group II, II is processed into ligulate in band steel toe portion, and be with steel toe portion II to offer two circular holes, pull rope is hooked in the circular hole II, to be with steel toe portion II by crawl idler roller group I and the artificial S-shaped idler roller group II of walking around of pull rope II linkage manner then, after walking around idler roller group II, will be with steel toe portion II and the welding of band steel afterbody II.
After described band steel toe portion II is walked around idler roller group II, take off pull rope, band steel toe portion II is manually welded with the band steel afterbody II that rests on the acid tank inlet.
Band steel toe portion I in described straightening machine exit is processed into ligulate by gas cutting, and two circular hole I are opened in apart from the position of the 40-60cm of I edge of band steel toe portion, and the circular hole I processes by the gas cutting mode; The band steel toe portion II in straightening machine exit is processed into ligulate by gas cutting, and two circular hole II are opened in apart from the position of the 40-60cm of II edge of band steel toe portion, and the circular hole II processes by the gas cutting mode.
Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, can obtain following beneficial effect:
The band method of wearing fast of straightening machine broken belt of the present invention, by wearing the improvement of band method, can save the processing time of band steel broken belt, thereby enhance productivity, reduce labour intensity, and ensure the band method of wearing fast of the straightening machine broken belt of personnel's safety in the accident treatment process.Adopt the band method of wearing of the present invention, the broken belt processing time is by initial average being reduced to more than 12 hours present 3 hours, the each saving about 9 hours of accident treatment time, accident treatment personnel also are reduced to 8 people by the about 20 people's fellowships in original two operation areas and just can finish, the minimizing of accident treatment time not only saves time, laborsaving, and reduce the time of staying of treatment people in acid tank, ensured that in accident treatment process personnel's is safe.
Description of drawings
Make briefly bright to each accompanying drawing of this specification expressed content and the mark among the figure below:
Structural representation when Fig. 1 is straightening machine of the present invention work;
Fig. 2 walks around idler roller group II at band steel toe portion I and the structural representation of being with before steel afterbody I is connected for band steel of the present invention is not S-shaped;
Fig. 3 walks around idler roller group II at band steel toe portion II and the structural representation of being with before steel afterbody II is connected for band steel of the present invention is S-shaped;
Be labeled as in the accompanying drawing: 1, straightening machine body; 2, idler roller group I; 3, idler roller group II; 4, acid tank; 5, band steel toe portion I; 6, band steel afterbody I; 7, band steel toe portion II; 8, band steel afterbody II; 9, band steel; 10, pull rope.
The specific embodiment
Contrast accompanying drawing below, by description, the effect of the mutual alignment between the shape of the specific embodiment of the present invention such as related each member, structure, the each several part and annexation, each several part and operation principle etc. are described in further detail embodiment:
Shown in accompanying drawing 1-accompanying drawing 3, the present invention is a kind of band method of wearing fast of straightening machine broken belt, described straightening machine comprises straightening machine body 1, straightening machine porch and straightening machine exit at straightening machine body 1 are provided with idler roller group I 2 and idler roller group II 3 respectively, idler roller group I 2 and idler roller group II 3 drive band steel 9 by the control assembly crawl and pass idler roller group I 2 successively, straightening machine body 1, idler roller group II 3, the band steel that passes after the idler roller group II 3 enters in the acid tank 4, when broken belt takes place in band steel 9 in straightening machine body 1, earlier the band steel toe portion I 5 of the band steel 9 at straightening machine broken belt place is drawn that (the idler roller group that wouldn't S-shapedly detour II 3) is connected with being with steel afterbody I 6 to the acid tank 4, band steel 9 to straightening machine exit carries out broken belt again, with the band steel toe portion II 7 S-shaped idler roller group II 3 of walking around of the band steel 9 of broken belt once more, will walk around the band steel toe portion II 7 of idler roller group II 3 again and be connected with the band steel afterbody II 8 of broken belt once more.
Preferably, when broken belt takes place in described band steel 9 in straightening machine body 1, band steel toe portion I 5 to straightening machine exit is processed into ligulate, and be with steel toe portion I 5 places to leave two circular hole I, affect the pull rope 10 of band steel to be hooked in the circular hole, like this, operating personnel just can affect the band steel by pull rope 10, when operating personnel will be with steel toe portion I 5 to draw to acid tank 4 by pull rope 10, band steel 9 entered in the acid tank 4 by crawl control idler roller group I 2 drive band steel toe portion I 5 and welds with band steel afterbody I 6.
Preferably, after described band steel toe portion I 5 is drawn to the acid tank 4 by pull rope 10, take off pull rope 10, to be with steel toe portion I 5 and 6 welding of band steel afterbody I, band steel 9 to straightening machine exit carries out broken belt again, to be with the steel toe portion II 7 S-shaped idler roller group II 3 of walking around by crawl idler roller group I 2 and artificial traction linkage manner, the band steel afterbody II 8 in the time of will walking around the band steel toe portion II 7 of idler roller group II 3 with broken belt is once more then welded.
Preferably, band steel toe portion II 7 is S-shaped walk around 4 idler rollers of idler roller group II 3 before, be processed into ligulate in band steel toe portion II 7, and be with steel toe portion II 7 to offer two circular holes, pull rope 10 is hooked in the circular hole II, to be with steel toe portion II 7 by crawl idler roller group I 2 and the artificial S-shaped idler roller group II 3 of walking around of pull rope II linkage manner then, walk around idler roller group II 3 after, will be with steel toe portion II 7 and band steel afterbody II 8 to weld.
Preferably, after described band steel toe portion II 7 is walked around idler roller group II 3, take off pull rope 10, band steel toe portion II 7 is manually welded with the band steel afterbody II 8 that rests on acid tank 4 inlets, welding finish both finished broken belt wear band fast, after this just can recover the ordinary production of straightening machine.
Preferably, the band steel toe portion I 5 in straightening machine exit is processed into ligulate by gas cutting, and two circular hole I are opened in apart from the position of the 40-60cm of I 5 edges of band steel toe portion, and the circular hole I processes by the gas cutting mode; The band steel toe portion II 7 in straightening machine exit is processed into ligulate by gas cutting, and two circular hole II are opened in apart from the position of the 40-60cm of II 7 edges of band steel toe portion, and the circular hole II processes by the gas cutting mode.
The band method of wearing fast of straightening machine broken belt of the present invention, by wearing the improvement of band method, can save the processing time of band steel broken belt, thereby enhance productivity, reduce labour intensity, and ensure the band method of wearing fast of the straightening machine broken belt of personnel's safety in the accident treatment process.Adopt the band method of wearing of the present invention, the broken belt processing time is by initial average being reduced to more than 12 hours present 3 hours, the each saving about 9 hours of accident treatment time, accident treatment personnel also are reduced to 8 people by the about 20 people's fellowships in original two operation areas and just can finish, the minimizing of accident treatment time not only saves time, laborsaving, and reduce the time of staying of treatment people in acid tank, ensured that in accident treatment process personnel's is safe.
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention has been carried out exemplary description above; obviously the concrete realization of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of aforesaid way; as long as the various improvement of having adopted method design of the present invention and technical scheme to carry out; or design of the present invention and technical scheme are directly applied to other occasions without improving, all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the band method of wearing fast of a straightening machine broken belt, described straightening machine comprises straightening machine body (1), straightening machine porch and straightening machine exit at straightening machine body (1) are provided with idler roller group I (2) and idler roller group II (3) respectively, idler roller group I (2) and idler roller group II (3) are passed idler roller group I (2) successively by control assembly crawl band steel (9), straightening machine body (1), idler roller group II (3), the band steel that passes after the idler roller group II (3) enters in the acid tank (4), with it is characterized in that: broken belt when taking place in band steel (9) in straightening machine body (1), elder generation draws the band steel toe portion I (5) of the band steel (9) at straightening machine broken belt place to acid tank (4) and is connected with band steel afterbody I (6), band steel (9) to straightening machine exit carries out broken belt again, with the S-shaped idler roller group II (3) of walking around of band steel toe portion II (7) of the band steel (9) of broken belt once more, will walk around the band steel toe portion II (7) of idler roller group II (3) and band steel afterbody II (8) welding of broken belt once more again.
2. the band method of wearing fast of straightening machine broken belt according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when described band steel (9) in straightening machine body (1) broken belt takes place, band steel toe portion I (5) to straightening machine exit is processed into ligulate, and be with steel toe portion's I (5) to locate to leave two circular hole I, affect the pull rope (10) of band steel to be hooked in the circular hole, band steel toe portion's I (5) is drawn to acid tank (4) when interior by pull rope (10), and described band steel (9) drives band steel toe portion's I (5) by crawl control idler roller group I (2) and enters in the acid tank (4) and weld with being with steel afterbody I (6).
3. the band method of wearing fast of straightening machine broken belt according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: after described band steel toe portion's I (5) is drawn to the acid tank (4) by pull rope (10), take off pull rope (10), to be with steel toe portion I (5) to be connected with band steel afterbody I (6), band steel (9) to straightening machine exit carries out broken belt again, to be with the S-shaped idler roller group II (3) of walking around of steel toe portion II (7) by crawl idler roller group I (2) and artificial traction linkage manner, the band steel afterbody II (8) in the time of will walking around the band steel toe portion II (7) of idler roller group II (3) with broken belt once more then is connected.
4. the band method of wearing fast of straightening machine broken belt according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: before described band steel toe portion's II (7) is walked around 4 idler rollers of idler roller group II (3), be processed into ligulate in band steel toe portion's II (7), and be with steel toe portion's II (7) to offer two circular holes, pull rope (10) is hooked in the circular hole II, to be with steel toe portion II (7) by crawl idler roller group I (2) and the artificial S-shaped idler roller group II (3) of walking around of pull rope II linkage manner then, after walking around idler roller group II (3), will be with steel toe portion II (7) and band steel afterbody II (8) welding.
5. the band method of wearing fast of straightening machine broken belt according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described band steel toe portion's II (7) is S-shaped walk around idler roller group II (3) after, take off pull rope, will manually weld with steel toe portion II (7) and the band steel afterbody II (8) that rests on acid tank (4) inlet.
6. the band method of wearing fast of straightening machine broken belt according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the band steel toe portion I (5) in described straightening machine exit is processed into ligulate by gas cutting, two circular hole I are opened in apart from the position of band steel toe portion's I (5) 40-60cm of edge, and the circular hole I processes by the gas cutting mode; The band steel toe portion II (7) in straightening machine exit is processed into ligulate by gas cutting, and two circular hole II are opened in apart from the position of band steel toe portion's II (7) 40-60cm of edge, and the circular hole II processes by the gas cutting mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310108293.0A CN103212576B (en) | 2013-03-30 | 2013-03-30 | Fast threading method for broken strip of withdrawal and straightening machine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310108293.0A CN103212576B (en) | 2013-03-30 | 2013-03-30 | Fast threading method for broken strip of withdrawal and straightening machine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103212576A true CN103212576A (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| CN103212576B CN103212576B (en) | 2015-05-13 |
Family
ID=48810918
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310108293.0A Active CN103212576B (en) | 2013-03-30 | 2013-03-30 | Fast threading method for broken strip of withdrawal and straightening machine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103212576B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103447310A (en) * | 2013-09-07 | 2013-12-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Rapid threading control method for five-frame cold-rolling mill |
| CN104492816A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-08 | 北京首钢冷轧薄板有限公司 | Method for cutting off and threading of strip steel |
| CN106694630A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-24 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | Profile steel straightening machine and control method thereof |
| CN108660467A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-16 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of threading method of pickling unit |
| CN109423552A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of method of quick extraction continuous annealing strip |
| CN113751516A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-12-07 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly threading inlet loop |
| CN113751513A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-12-07 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly recovering production of broken belt of withdrawal and straightening machine |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08193285A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1996-07-30 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Restoration method and the time of rupture of steel strip in continuous pickling line |
| JP2002066632A (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2002-03-05 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Operating method for steel strip continuously processing line |
| DE10357622A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-07-07 | Sms Demag Ag | Process and plant for rolling rolling stock |
| CN101664773A (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2010-03-10 | 中冶南方（武汉）自动化有限公司 | Control method for preventing band steel from being broken in tension leveler |
| CN101812697A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2010-08-25 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for raising threading steel of push-pull type pickling |
| CN102527716A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2012-07-04 | 上海宝钢阿赛洛激光拼焊有限公司 | High-intensity strip steel coil threading method |
-
2013
- 2013-03-30 CN CN201310108293.0A patent/CN103212576B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08193285A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1996-07-30 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Restoration method and the time of rupture of steel strip in continuous pickling line |
| JP2002066632A (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2002-03-05 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Operating method for steel strip continuously processing line |
| DE10357622A1 (en) * | 2003-12-10 | 2005-07-07 | Sms Demag Ag | Process and plant for rolling rolling stock |
| CN101664773A (en) * | 2009-09-08 | 2010-03-10 | 中冶南方（武汉）自动化有限公司 | Control method for preventing band steel from being broken in tension leveler |
| CN101812697A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2010-08-25 | 重庆钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for raising threading steel of push-pull type pickling |
| CN102527716A (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2012-07-04 | 上海宝钢阿赛洛激光拼焊有限公司 | High-intensity strip steel coil threading method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 芮白林: ""2130酸洗连轧线拉矫机控制优化"", 《安徽冶金科技职业学院学报》, vol. 22, no. 2, 30 April 2012 (2012-04-30) * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103447310A (en) * | 2013-09-07 | 2013-12-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Rapid threading control method for five-frame cold-rolling mill |
| CN104492816A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-08 | 北京首钢冷轧薄板有限公司 | Method for cutting off and threading of strip steel |
| CN104492816B (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-09-07 | 北京首钢冷轧薄板有限公司 | A kind of method of broken belt threading |
| CN106694630A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-24 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | Profile steel straightening machine and control method thereof |
| CN108660467A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-16 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of threading method of pickling unit |
| CN109423552A (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-03-05 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of method of quick extraction continuous annealing strip |
| CN109423552B (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2020-09-01 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly extracting continuous annealing strip steel |
| CN113751516A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-12-07 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly threading inlet loop |
| CN113751513A (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2021-12-07 | 上海梅山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for rapidly recovering production of broken belt of withdrawal and straightening machine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103212576B (en) | 2015-05-13 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103212576B (en) | Fast threading method for broken strip of withdrawal and straightening machine | |
| CN203304305U (en) | Pinch roll device for introducing strip steel into slitting shear | |
| CN102861781A (en) | Alloy flat wire processing and forming device and method for rolling wires by using same | |
| CN204338609U (en) | The special uncoiling of number plate the is straight automatic integrated machine of overlay film | |
| CN103191933A (en) | Method for handling stacked steel due to strip breakage on rolling mill | |
| CN100446881C (en) | Constant-rate rolling mill outlet device | |
| CN109877155A (en) | A kind of high ductility cold-rolled ribbed bars production technology | |
| CN205444937U (en) | Guide tracked conveyer of arc | |
| CN103191929A (en) | Technological method for reducing belt breaking times in rolling mill starting | |
| CN201932742U (en) | Non-stop membrane connection device for bag making machine | |
| CN103386420B (en) | A kind of cold-strip steel threading method | |
| CN104492816B (en) | A kind of method of broken belt threading | |
| CN202447417U (en) | Composite material scrap edge winding device | |
| CN202411151U (en) | High-speed cold-rolling rewinding production line with straightening machine | |
| CN204353766U (en) | A kind of airduct production line | |
| CN201676873U (en) | Planishing and rolling mill | |
| CN202316636U (en) | Auxiliary strip threading device of pickling line winding machine | |
| CN203917164U (en) | Separate and after cutting at a high speed, take the lead and the device of waste material | |
| CN202263767U (en) | Horizontal, vertical alternative multi-frame continuous rolling mill | |
| CN205887671U (en) | Stainless steel strip prevents centring device | |
| CN104209011A (en) | Film extraction transmembrane structure | |
| CN201644529U (en) | Improved upper pinch roller of finish-rolling descaling box | |
| CN208531802U (en) | A kind of belt Webbing take-up device | |
| CN205770558U (en) | A kind of quick sticking device of label for clothing | |
| CN206689318U (en) | A kind of upper plate lower plate holding-on machine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |