CN103207233B - Magnetizer of large gear ring workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector - Google Patents

Magnetizer of large gear ring workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector Download PDF

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CN103207233B
CN103207233B CN201310112174.2A CN201310112174A CN103207233B CN 103207233 B CN103207233 B CN 103207233B CN 201310112174 A CN201310112174 A CN 201310112174A CN 103207233 B CN103207233 B CN 103207233B
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shape
yoke
open
conductor
qian
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CN103207233A (en
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沈育辉
杨晓春
董金林
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YANCHENG DONGCHE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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YANCHENG DONGCHE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetizer suitable for a large gear ring workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector. The magnetizer is mainly composed of an opening and closing closed-circuit magnet yoke and an opening and closing square coil, wherein the opening and closing closed-circuit magnet yoke is composed of a line-shaped magnet yoke and a U-shaped magnet yoke; the U-shaped magnet yoke is provided with an exciting coil; the line-shaped magnet yoke is supported on a frame through a sliding block and a guide rail and is driven by an air cylinder to be combined with and separated from the U-shaped magnet yoke; the opening and closing square coil is composed of a line-shaped conductor and a U-shaped conductor which are meshed through a cone-shaped contact; and the U-shaped conductor is fixed on the line-shaped magnet yoke and can move along the line-shaped magnet yoke to be combined with and separated from the line-shaped conductor. The magnetizer provided by the invention has the advantages that the opening and closing closed-circuit magnet yoke and the opening and closing square coil can surround a unilateral gear ring of a large gear ring workpiece, and the large gear ring simultaneously generates magnetic fields of multiple directions such as circumferential directions, radial directions and axial directions, so that the magnetizing effect is better and more uniform, a blind region is not generated, the distribution of the magnetic fields is uniform, and the detection precision is high.

Description

A kind of magnetizing assembly of bull gear workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of parts of magnaflux, particularly a kind of magnetizing assembly be applicable to the magnaflux that bull gear workpiece is detected a flaw.
Background technology
Magnaflux comprises workpiece support and wheelwork, magnetizing assembly, magnetic flaw detection ink spray equipment and electrical control gear, magnetizing assembly is one of vitals of magnaflux, be mainly used in carrying out magnetization treatment to measured workpiece, by absorption magnetic, detected a flaw in measured workpiece surface.
Magnetic powder inspection is the defect utilizing magnetic phenomenon to detect surface of the work and nearly surface, and it is one of method the most frequently used in flux-leakage detection method.After workpiece is magnetized, the magnetic line of force at its metal surface and near surface flaw place deforms, effusion surface of the work forms magnetic pole and forms detectable stray field, now, sprinkle magnetic on the surface of the workpiece or after watering magnetic flaw detection ink, magnetic particle just can be adsorbed on defect area, thus demonstrates the position of defect, shape and size, the ultimate principle of magnetic powder inspection that Here it is.When the magnetic line of force is vertical with defect, stray field is the strongest, is also conducive to most detecting of defect; When the magnetic line of force is parallel with crackle, then magnetic leakage free field produces, and defect can not be detected.
According to the direction setting up magnetic field on workpiece, generally circumferential magnetization, longitudinal magnetization and multidirectional magnetization can be divided into.Circumferential magnetization means to workpiece direct-electrifying, or electric current is flow through run through the conductor of workpiece center hole, purport set up within the workpiece one around workpiece and the closed magnetic field vertical with workpiece spindle.Circumferential magnetization is mainly used in finding with workpiece spindle to parallel defect, namely parallel with direction of current defect.
Longitudinal magnetization mean by electric current by around coil, make workpiece magnetizing method along the longitudinal direction, the magnetic line of force in workpiece is parallel to the axial line of coil.Longitudinal magnetization is mainly used in finding with workpiece spindle to vertical defect.
Multidirectional magnetization means the magnetic field making it to produce within the workpiece the circular or spirality change in time of a size and direction by resultant magnetization.Because the direction in magnetic field constantly varies on workpiece, so the defect of different directions can be checked out.The low-voltage and high-current that excitation supply is produced by transformer secondary output usually provides.
In the equipment of railway and wind-powered electricity generation industry, application has a large amount of bull gear workpiece, and the inside and outside diameter of its bull gear workpiece and length are generally at more than 1000/1400/170mm.Because workpiece size is large, very large difficulty is brought to the flaw detection of workpiece.Particularly can not carry out magnetic flaw to the circumference of bull gear workpiece and radial direction simultaneously, make the flaw detection rate of workpiece be restricted and affect.
At present, for the circumferential magnetization of bull gear workpiece, main employing wears excellent method or cable winding method.
Wearing excellent method is by an electrical conductor through the inner ring of workpiece, according to Left Hand Rule, makes workpiece produce circumferential magnetization, mainly for detection of along workpiece spindle to longitudinal defect, as the axial flaw of workpiece surfaces externally and internally and the radial defect of workpiece both ends of the surface.Because the diameter of magnetic field intensity and workpiece is inversely proportional to, magnetic field near inner peripheral surface is stronger than outer peripheral surface magnetic field, Distribution of Magnetic Field is very uneven, the bull gear workpiece that particularly difference of inside and outside diameter is larger, in its Distribution of Magnetic Field, strong outer weak phenomenon is more serious, if workpiece outer toothed portion will reach enough large magnetic field, it is very large that it wears excellent electric current, not only consume energy, and magnetization precision is difficult to control.
Cable winding method, by manually flexible cable being wrapped on bull gear workpiece equably, by energising magnetizing method, make workpiece formation along the Circumferential field of workpiece circumferencial direction, while detecting the radial defect parallel with magnetization current, the axial flaw of workpiece surfaces externally and internally and the radial defect of two sides can be detected.But its shortcoming is, false twist's workload is large, and the consistance of false twist is poor, and inefficiency is not suitable for batch detection.
At present for the longitudinal magnetization of bull gear workpiece, main employing coil method or interpolar yoke method.This method is mainly used in finding with workpiece spindle to vertical defect.
Whole workpiece is normally placed in alive magnetic plug and magnetizes by coil method, for finding the defect axially vertical with coil.Its shortcoming is, when to bull gear workpiece magnetizing, workpiece two ends are magnetic pole, can produce demagnetizing field, and the endoporus not magnetizable to bull gear workpiece, there is magnetization blind area.
Interpolar yoke method is using the part of workpiece as magnetic circuit, utilizes electromagnetic yoke to magnetize workpiece.Though the method can find the defect vertical with the two poles of the earth line, be only applicable to the local magnetized to workpiece, and the inapplicable Overall magnetization to bull gear workpiece.
Above-mentioned several method, though all can realize workpiece magnetizing, is all unidirectional magnetiztion, particularly can not simultaneously to the circumference of bull gear workpiece, radial and axially carry out omnibearing multidirectional magnetization, workpiece has magnetization blind area.Though cable winding method can realize circumference and radial direction is magnetized simultaneously, be not suitable for batch detection.
Summary of the invention
Technical barrier to be solved by this invention is, overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of magnetizing assembly of bull gear magnaflux is provided, according to the shape facility of bull gear workpiece, design can the closed circuit yoke of folding and toroid winding, around the monolateral gear ring being located at bull gear workpiece circulating type, in closed circuit yoke and toroid winding, rotation is walked by the rotation of workpiece, make the circumference of bull gear workpiece, the radial and axial magnetic field simultaneously forming multidirectional magnetization, thus omnibearing magnetic powder inspection is carried out to bull gear workpiece.
Technical solution of the present invention is, comprises closed circuit yoke and square coil, it is characterized in that: described closed circuit yoke and square coil are open-close type, is obliquely installed between the closed circuit yoke of its open-close type and open-close type square coil;
The closed circuit yoke of open-close type is made up of with " Qian " shape yoke 4 " one " shape yoke 6 of upper and lower setting, and the both sides magnetic post of " Qian " shape yoke 4 is wound with the identical drive coil of the number of turn 3 respectively, and " Qian " shape yoke 4 is fixed in gantry base 5; One end of " one " shape yoke 6 is supported in frame 13, and and between frame 13, be provided with the slide block 11 and guide rail 8 that can be movable relatively, the end of " one " shape yoke 6 is also provided with the cylinder 12 that its relative " Qian " shape yoke 4 can be driven to do open and close movement;
" one " shape conductor 2 that open-close type square coil is arranged by left and right and " Qian " shape conductor 7 are formed, and junction is between the two meshed by conical contact tip 14; " one " shape conductor 2 is made up of upper and lower junction block 16, flexible circuit conductor 17 and the conical contact tip 14 be located on junction block 16, is connected between upper and lower junction block 16 by flexible circuit conductor 17, and junction block 16 is provided with conical contact tip 14 and auxiliary little cylinder 15; " one " shape conductor 2 is fixed in gantry base 5 by junction block 16 and back up pad 1; " Qian " shape conductor 7 is fixed in " one " shape yoke 6, and can do open and close movement with relative " one " shape conductor 2 of " one " shape yoke 6.
Described conical contact tip 14, be made up of a pair intermeshing concave, convex conehead 19,20, its concave cone head 19 is fixed on the junction block 16 at " one " shape conductor 2 two ends, and convex cone head 20 is fixed on two binding end places of " Qian " shape conductor 7; Each concave cone head 19 is all connected with the auxiliary little cylinder 15 driving its engagement locking.
" Qian " shape conductor 7 in open-close type square coil is made up of three row's " Qian " shape copper pipes, the junction block up and down 16 of " one " shape conductor 2 is respectively equipped with three groups of conical contact tips 14 and auxiliary little cylinder 15.
" one " shape conductor 2 is also provided with the connection terminal 18 connecting excitation supply.
Drive coil 3 head or tail tails on the magnetic post of " Qian " shape yoke 4 both sides are connected, and another two connection terminals connect excitation supply.
The excitation supply used is the AC power with A, B, C three-phase, and two terminals of open-close type square coil connect A, B two-phase, and elementary drive coil two terminals of the closed circuit yoke of open-close type connect B, C two-phase or A, C two-phase.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: one is design two groups of closing coils and closed circuit yoke, around the monolateral gear ring being looped around bull gear workpiece, when bull gear workpiece rotates, the monolateral gear ring of workpiece passes from closing coil and closed circuit yoke, make gear ring produce circumference, multidirectional magnetic field effect such as radial and axial simultaneously, thus better magnetization effect evenly, non-blind area, Distribution of Magnetic Field is even, and accuracy of detection is high; Two are, adopt retractable structure, the handling of workpiece are more convenient, more dirigibility, provide Reliable guarantee to batch production; Three is the conical contact tip engagement of square coil and the driving engagement locking of auxiliary little cylinder, ensure that the reliability of square coil closed-loop path; Four is closed circuit yoke design, dexterously using the secondary winding of annular workpieces as closed circuit yoke, can realize Overall magnetization to workpiece.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
The A-A cut-open view of Fig. 2 Fig. 1;
The B-B cut-open view of Fig. 3 Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the mesh schematic representation of the concavo-convex conehead 19,20 of conical contact tip 14.
Number in the figure:
1-back up pad, 2-" one " shape conductor, 3-drive coil, 4-" Qian " shape yoke, 5-gantry base, 6-" one " shape yoke, 7-" Qian " shape conductor, 8-guide rail, 9-connector, 10-crossbeam, 11-slide block, 12-cylinder, 13-frame, 14-conical contact tip, 15-assists little cylinder, 16-junction block, 17-flexible circuit conductor, 18-connection terminal, 19-concave cone head, 20-convex cone head, the closed circuit yoke of 21-open-close type, 22-open-close type square coil.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
The present invention primarily of the closed circuit yoke of open-close type and open-close type square coil composition, and is obliquely installed between the two.
The closed circuit yoke of open-close type is rectangular, and be made up of " one " shape yoke 6 and " Qian " shape yoke 4 two part, " one " shape yoke 6 is located at the top of " Qian " shape yoke 4.The both sides magnetic post of " Qian " shape yoke 4 is wound with the identical drive coil of the number of turn 3 respectively, and " Qian " shape yoke 4 is fixed in gantry base 5.One end of " one " shape yoke 6 is provided with crossbeam 10, and crossbeam 10 is provided with slide block 11, and frame 13 is provided with guide rail 8, and " one " shape yoke 6 is supported in frame 13 by slide block 11 and guide rail 8, and can move on guide rail 8; The end of " one " shape yoke 6 is also provided with cylinder 12, and relative " Qian " shape yoke 4 of " one " shape yoke 6 can be driven to do open and close movement.
" one " shape conductor 2 that open-close type square coil is arranged by left and right and " Qian " shape conductor 7 are formed, and junction is between the two meshed by conical contact tip 14;
Described " one " shape conductor 2 is made up of upper and lower junction block 16, flexible circuit conductor 17 and the conical contact tip 14 be located on junction block 16, is connected between upper and lower two junction blocks 16 by flexible circuit conductor 17.Junction block 16 is provided with conical contact tip 14 and auxiliary little cylinder 15; " one " shape conductor 2 is vertically fixed in gantry base 5 by junction block 16 and back up pad 1; " Qian " shape conductor 7 is fixed in " one " shape yoke 6 by web member 9, and can do open and close movement with relative " one " shape conductor 2 of " one " shape yoke 6.
Described conical contact tip 14, comprises a pair intermeshing concave, convex conehead 19,20.Its concave cone head 19 is fixed on the junction block 16 at " one " shape conductor 2 two ends, and convex cone head 20 is fixed on two binding end places of " Qian " shape conductor 7; Each concave cone head 19 is all connected with an auxiliary little cylinder 15, by the driving of auxiliary little cylinder 15, makes the concavo-convex conehead 19,2 of conical contact tip 14 better engage locking.
" Qian " shape conductor 7 in open-close type square coil is formed by four row's " Qian " shape copper pipes connections, and there are the concave cone head 19 of a conical contact tip 14,4, one end, totally 8, two ends in the end of each " Qian " shape copper pipe conductor.The junction block up and down 16 of " one " shape conductor 2 is also respectively equipped with the convex cone head 20 of equal number and auxiliary little cylinder 15.
" one " shape conductor 2 is also provided with the connection terminal connecting excitation supply.
Drive coil 3 head or tail tails on the magnetic post of " Qian " shape yoke 4 both sides are connected, and another two connection terminals connect excitation supply.
The excitation supply used is the AC power with A, B, C three-phase, and two terminals of open-close type square coil connect A, B two-phase, and elementary drive coil two terminals of the closed circuit yoke of open-close type connect B, C two-phase or A, C two-phase.
In order to make tested bull gear workpiece pass from closing coil and closed circuit yoke, be open-close type by square coil and closed circuit yoke design.Tested bull gear workpiece is suspended in frame 13, and is rotated by drive shaft.The monolateral gear ring of bull gear workpiece is seated in the centre of open-close type square coil and the closed circuit yoke of open-close type, makes the gear ring of bull gear workpiece pass the center of open-close type square coil and the closed circuit yoke of open-close type, from obtaining omnibearing magnetization.
When detecting, the connection terminal of open-close type square coil is connected with A, B phase of excitation supply respectively; Then the elementary drive coil terminal of the closed circuit yoke of open-close type connects excitation supply B, C two-phase or A, C two-phase.When open-close type square coil passes into circumferential magnetization electric current, according to electromagnetic induction principle, this magnetization current produces the magnetic line of force (Circumferential field) along the circumferential direction on workpiece, can find with workpiece spindle to consistent defect; When the elementary drive coil of the closed circuit yoke of open-close type passes into longitudinal magnetization electric current, according to electromagnetic induction principle, at the upper induction current produced along the circumferential direction of secondary winding (i.e. bull gear workpiece), this induction current to produce with workpiece spindle to the consistent magnetic line of force (longitudinal magnetic field) on workpiece, can find the defect consistent with workpiece circumferencial direction; When open-close type square coil and the closed circuit yoke of open-close type elementary drive coil simultaneously logical phase differential 120 ° of alternating currents time, longitudinal magnetic field and Circumferential field stagger the alternating magnetic field superposition of certain angle on bull gear workpiece on time phase, its vector forms rotating speed and current synchronization at surface of the work, the elliptical rotating field that peak value track is relevant to amplitude, carry out resultant magnetization to workpiece, the defect of surface of the work any direction can be detected in this magnetic field.Because square coil is centered around the outside of monolateral gear ring equably, thus Circumferential field is evenly distributed, and overcomes traditional strong outer weak phenomenon in Distribution of Magnetic Field when wearing excellent method magnetization large-sized annular workpiece.Because longitudinal magnetization adopts the closed circuit yoke of open-close type, dexterously using the secondary winding of bull gear workpiece as closed circuit yoke, can magnetize whole workpiece, therefore longitudinal magnetic field is evenly distributed, when overcoming coil method magnetization, workpiece two ends are magnetic pole, can produce demagnetizing field, inner hole of workpiece is magnetizable not, there is the shortcoming in the region between the heart and the diaphragm district; Overcoming interpolar yoke method can not to the magnetized shortcoming of whole workpiece.

Claims (6)

1. a magnetizing assembly for bull gear workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector, comprises closed circuit yoke and square coil, it is characterized in that: described closed circuit yoke and square coil are open-close type, is obliquely installed between the closed circuit yoke of its open-close type and open-close type square coil; The closed circuit yoke of open-close type is made up of " one " shape yoke (6) and " Qian " shape yoke (4) of upper and lower setting, the both sides magnetic post of " Qian " shape yoke (4) is wound with the identical drive coil of the number of turn (3) respectively, and " Qian " shape yoke (4) is fixed in gantry base (5); One end of " one " shape yoke (6) is supported in frame (13), and and between frame (13), be provided with the slide block (11) and guide rail (8) that can be movable relatively, the end of " one " shape yoke (6) is also provided with the cylinder (12) that its relative " Qian " shape yoke (4) can be driven to do open and close movement; " one " shape conductor (2) and " Qian " shape conductor (7) that open-close type square coil is arranged by left and right is formed, and junction is between the two meshed by conical contact tip (14); " one " shape conductor (2) is made up of upper and lower junction block (16), flexible circuit conductor (17) and the conical contact tip (14) be located on junction block (16), be connected by flexible circuit conductor (17) between upper and lower junction block (16), junction block (16) is provided with conical contact tip (14) and auxiliary little cylinder (15); " one " shape conductor (2) is fixed in gantry base (5) by junction block (16) and back up pad (1); " Qian " shape conductor (7) is fixed on " one " shape yoke (6), and can do open and close movement with relative " one " shape conductor (2) of " one " shape yoke (6).
2. the magnetizing assembly of a kind of bull gear workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described conical contact tip (14), be made up of a pair intermeshing concave, convex conehead, its concave cone head (19) is fixed on the junction block (16) at " one " shape conductor (2) two ends, and convex cone head (20) is fixed on the two binding end places of " Qian " shape conductor (7); Each concave cone head (19) is all connected with the auxiliary little cylinder (15) driving its engagement locking.
3. the magnetizing assembly of a kind of bull gear workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: " Qian " shape conductor (7) in open-close type square coil is made up of three row's " Qian " shape copper pipes, the junction block up and down (16) of " one " shape conductor (2) is respectively equipped with three groups of conical contact tips (14) and auxiliary little cylinder (15).
4. the magnetizing assembly of a kind of bull gear workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: " one " shape conductor (2) is also provided with the connection terminal (18) connecting excitation supply.
5. the magnetizing assembly of a kind of bull gear workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: drive coil (3) the head head or tail tail on the magnetic post of " Qian " shape yoke (4) both sides is connected, and another two connection terminals connect excitation supply.
6. the magnetizing assembly of a kind of bull gear workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector as described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: the excitation supply used is the AC power with A, B, C three-phase, two terminals of open-close type square coil connect A, B two-phase, and elementary drive coil two terminals of the closed circuit yoke of open-close type connect B, C two-phase or A, C two-phase.
CN201310112174.2A 2013-04-02 2013-04-02 Magnetizer of large gear ring workpiece magnetic particle flaw detector Active CN103207233B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107367544B (en) * 2017-09-06 2023-09-29 盐城市电子设备厂有限公司 Translational open-close type coil
CN108828056B (en) * 2018-06-21 2023-07-25 中国矿业大学(北京) Wire rope's detection device
CN113655115A (en) * 2021-07-21 2021-11-16 大唐东北电力试验研究院有限公司 Telescopic alternating current magnetic yoke probe device

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CN201653978U (en) * 2010-02-05 2010-11-24 射阳县智能探伤设备有限公司 Yoke composite magnetizer
CN202748342U (en) * 2012-08-30 2013-02-20 射阳县无损检测技术研究所 Magnetic particle flaw detector with opening-closing coils having compatible wheel diameters
CN203148895U (en) * 2013-04-02 2013-08-21 盐城东车科技有限公司 Magnetizing device of magnetic particle flaw detector for big gear ring workpieces

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CN1056581A (en) * 1990-05-17 1991-11-27 铁道部戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所 Magnetic powder flaw detector for ring parts
CN201653978U (en) * 2010-02-05 2010-11-24 射阳县智能探伤设备有限公司 Yoke composite magnetizer
CN202748342U (en) * 2012-08-30 2013-02-20 射阳县无损检测技术研究所 Magnetic particle flaw detector with opening-closing coils having compatible wheel diameters
CN203148895U (en) * 2013-04-02 2013-08-21 盐城东车科技有限公司 Magnetizing device of magnetic particle flaw detector for big gear ring workpieces

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