CN103207210B - Online wet steam dryness gauge - Google Patents
Online wet steam dryness gauge Download PDFInfo
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- CN103207210B CN103207210B CN201310086699.3A CN201310086699A CN103207210B CN 103207210 B CN103207210 B CN 103207210B CN 201310086699 A CN201310086699 A CN 201310086699A CN 103207210 B CN103207210 B CN 103207210B
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Abstract
An online wet steam dryness gauge comprises a sampler, a heat exchanger, a water tank, a centrifuge, a cooler, a first sampling branch, a second sampling branch, a first cooling branch, a second cooling branch and a third cooling branch. The sampler, the heat exchanger, the water tank, the centrifuge and the cooler are connected by the first sampling branch, the second sampling branch, the first cooling branch, the second cooling branch and the third cooling branch. The online wet steam dryness gauge further comprises a first enthalpy measuring device, a second enthalpy measuring device, a first flow measuring device, a second flow measuring device and a data processing module, wherein the first enthalpy measuring device is used for measuring enthalpy at a medium outlet of the heat exchanger, the second enthalpy measuring device is used for measuring enthalpy a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, the first flow measuring device is mounted on the second sampling branch, the second flow measuring device is mounted on a second secondary branch, and the data processing module is connected with the first enthalpy measuring device, the second enthalpy measuring device, the first flow measuring device and the second flow measuring device. By the gauge, pressure on a sampling side and a cooling side can be measured and calculated in real time, and real-time wet steam dryness can be provided.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermal measurement instrument field, relate to a kind of dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument.
Background technology
Wet steam is a kind of vapour phase is continuous phase, liquid phase is disperse phase and has the vehicle repair major potpourri of steady flow structure, and wherein the quality of vapour phase and the ratio of wet steam gross mass are defined as the mass dryness fraction of wet steam.The mass dryness fraction of wet steam is the important parameter that Experiment of Thermophysics research and equipment run; Such as, the security of operation impact of mass dryness fraction on the process heat reactor of low temperature low mass dryness fraction Natural Circulation is larger; A few grade blade of steam turbine end of nuclear power station, steam quality directly affects leaf longevity and the turbine efficiency of steam turbine; In the industry such as chemical industry, food processing, pharmacy, the control of steam quality and the quality of product have important relationship; In petroleum thermal recovery, to oil reservoir inject High Temperature High Pressure wet steam mass dryness fraction to recover the oil economy important.
In current commercial Application, main chemical reagent titrimetry or the tracer method of adopting measures dryness of wet steam.The measuring accuracy of chemical reagent titrimetry depends on the distributing homogeneity of hydroxyl or chlorine root and the skill level of operator in wet steam.Tracer method also requires that tracer agent is evenly distributed in whole steam supply system, simultaneously very high to the Measurement and analysis equipment requirement of tracer agent.These two kinds conventional methods all can only off-line measurement, can not show the changing value of dryness of wet steam in real time.Because dryness of wet steam on-line measurement difficulty is very large, also do not have so far to measure in real time, accuracy is high, the life-span is long, dependable performance and the wet steam surveying instrument of better economy.
Summary of the invention
Can only off-line measurement for overcoming prior art, the technological deficiency of dryness of wet steam value can not be shown in real time, the invention provides a kind of dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument.
A kind of dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument of the present invention, comprises sampler, heat exchanger, water tank, sedimentator, refrigeratory, the first sampling slip, the second sampling slip, the first cooling branch road, the second cooling branch road and the 3rd cooling branch road; Sampler is connected with heat exchanger medium entrance pipe; First sampling slip connects heat exchanger medium outlet and refrigeratory medium inlet; Second sampling slip connection is cold gets device media outlet; First cooling branch road connects cools down water out and water tank, and the first cooling branch road also comprises first the level branch road connecting refrigeratory coolant outlet; Second cooling branch road connects water tank and sedimentator; 3rd cooling branch road connects sedimentator and refrigeratory cooling water inlet, and the 3rd cooling branch road also comprises the second subprime branch road connecting cools down water inlet; Described dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument also comprises the first enthalpy measuring device measuring heat exchanger medium exit enthalpy, measure the second enthalpy measuring device of cools down water inlet and coolant outlet place enthalpy, be arranged on the first flow measurement mechanism of the second sampling slip and be arranged on the second measuring device of described second subprime branch road; And the data processing module to be connected with the first enthalpy measuring device, the second enthalpy measuring device, first flow measurement mechanism, second measuring device signal.
Concrete, described first enthalpy measuring device comprises the temperature measuring equipment and the first device for pressure measurement that are arranged on heat exchanger medium exit.
Further, described first enthalpy measuring device also comprises the temperature measuring equipment being arranged on the second sampling slip.
Concrete, described second enthalpy measuring device comprises the temperature measuring equipment, the second device for pressure measurement that are arranged on cools down water inlet and is arranged on the temperature measuring equipment of cools down water out.
Preferably, described temperature measuring equipment is meet the platinum resistance spread and put.
Preferably, described first sampling slip is also in series with reliever.
Preferably, described reliever is multi-step pressure reduction orifice plate.
Preferably, described water tank comprises cooling device.
Preferably, described second cooling branch road and/or second subprime branch road are also in series with flow regulator.
Preferably, the connecting line of described sampler and heat exchanger is in series with high-temp and-pressure ball valve.
Adopt dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument of the present invention, by sampling, wet steam is introduced heat exchange in heat exchanger and becomes single-phase water, real-time sampling side and the pressure of cold side measured is gone forward side by side row operation, dryness of wet steam value instantaneous value can be provided, show the change of dryness of wet steam value at any time, facilitate controllers to carry out tracing control to steam quality.Structure of the present invention is simple, and small volume, is convenient for carrying, and measuring accuracy is high, and dryness measurement error is less than ± and 5%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 illustrates the annexation schematic diagram of each branch road of a kind of embodiment of the present invention and heat exchanger, each mouth of refrigeratory;
Fig. 2 illustrates the connection block diagram of a kind of embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 illustrates the process flow diagram of a kind of embodiment of data processing module of the present invention;
Each figure in the appended drawings tag name as follows: 1. The sampler (2) heat exchanger (3) the tank 4. Centrifuge 5. 6. Cooler steam pipe 7. Multi-stage decompression orifice plate 8. First-class quantity adjusting device 9. The second flow control device 10. The measuring device of first class 11. The flow measurement device 12. 13. Third temperature measuring device for the first temperature measuring device 14. The temperature measuring device 15. The fourth temperature measuring device 16. 17. The second pressure measurement device for the first 18 pressure measurement device. The high temperature and high pressure ball valve 31. The first sampling branch 32. The second sampling branch 33. The first cooling branch 34 35 second cooling loops. The third branch of cooling 36. The first secondary branch 37. The second secondary branch 41. The cooling water heat exchanger export 42. Medium heat exchanger entrance 43. The heat exchanger in cooling water entrance 44. Heat exchanger medium export 45. The cooler cooling water outlet 46. The cold take implement medium entrance 47. 48. The cooler cooling water inlet cold take medium export.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention relates to a kind of dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument, comprise sampler 1, heat exchanger 2, water tank 3, sedimentator 4, refrigeratory 5, first sampling slip 31, second sampling slip 32, first cooling branch road 33, second cooling branch road 34 and the 3rd cooling branch road 35; Sampler 1 is connected with heat exchanger medium entrance 42 pipeline; First sampling slip 31 connects heat exchanger medium outlet 44 and refrigeratory medium inlet 46; Second sampling slip 32 connects coldly gets device media outlet 48; First cooling branch road 33 connects cools down water out 41 and water tank 3, first cooling branch road 33 also comprises first the level branch road 36 connecting refrigeratory coolant outlet 45; Second cooling branch road 34 connects water tank 3 and sedimentator 4; 3rd cooling branch road 35 connects sedimentator 4 and refrigeratory cooling water inlet the 47, three cooling branch road 35 also comprises the second subprime branch road 37 connecting cools down water inlet 43; Described dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument also comprises measures the first enthalpy measuring device that heat exchanger medium exports 44 place's enthalpies, measure the second enthalpy measuring device of cools down water inlet 43 and coolant outlet 41 place enthalpy, be arranged on the first flow measurement mechanism 11 of the second sampling slip 32 and be arranged on the second measuring device 10 of described second subprime branch road; And the data processing module to be connected with the first enthalpy measuring device, the second enthalpy measuring device, first flow measurement mechanism, second measuring device signal.
During concrete enforcement, sampler samples from jet chimney 6 tested vapours, through heat exchanger 2, wet steam is cooled to single-phase water, then carries out cooling twice through refrigeratory and become single phase low temperature water to discharge; Water in water tank is pumped water to heat exchanger and refrigeratory by sedimentator, after mixing, is then back to water tank realizes circulating cooling use.Water tank devises air-cooled radiator and water-filled radiator, the dryness measurement for sampling character adopts wind-cooling heat dissipating, is convenient to field work, and for real-time mass dryness fraction monitoring location, require to use water-cooling pattern heat radiation, tap water enters and draws from top below water tank.Sampler size determines according to the size of jet chimney 6, and described heat exchanger can be conventional shell-and-tube exchanger.The flow-ratio control of chilled water and wet steam is between 3:1 to 5:1, and cools down water inlet temperature controls at about 25 DEG C, and Stress control, at more than 1MPa, can ensure the resolution of dryness measurement and the stability of system effectively.To the control of cools down water inlet temperature and pressure, can be realized by the temperature control equipment of peripheral hardware and pressure adjustment assembly.
Preferably, described first sampling slip 31 is also in series with reliever, the water become by steam-reforming by heat exchanger is kept to normal pressure and enters refrigeratory again, described reliever can be multi-step pressure reduction orifice plate 7.Post-decompression water at atmospheric pressure can directly be discharged, and can not damage human body.
The design of above-mentioned employing heat exchanger, refrigeratory and multi-step pressure reduction orifice plate, the wet steam after sampling is finally cooled to normal temperature and pressure single-phase water, can directly discharge, and can not damage operating personnel.The design of cooling circuit becomes enclosed, carries out voltage stabilizing and heat radiation by water tank, and cooling circuit provides chilled water to heat exchanger and refrigeratory simultaneously, adopts this design, effectively can ensure the stability of cooling water flow, prevent the interference that outer bound pair is measured.
Preferably, described water tank 3 comprises cooling device, and such as air-cooled and water-cooling heat radiating device cools the water in water tank 3.
Preferably, described second cooling branch road 34 and/or second subprime branch road 37 are also in series with flow regulator.As shown in Figure 2, first flow regulating device 8 and second quantity regulating device 9 carry out flow regulation to residing second subprime branch road and the second sampling slip respectively.Flow regulator should be arranged on the flow measurement device rear end of residing branch road, in order to avoid flow measurement device causes measuring error to increase because flow is excessive; Described flow regulator can be variable valve, and described flow measurement device can be electromagnetic flowmeter or mass flowmeter.
Preferably, described sampler 1 and the connecting line of heat exchanger 2 are in series with high-temp and-pressure ball valve 18, and end is connected with heat exchanger by articulation, does not affect the normal work of main pipeline when being convenient to the calibrating of dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument and maintenance.
The steam that first enthalpy measuring measurement device sampler samples is through the enthalpy of over-heat-exchanger
, the second enthalpy measuring measurement device cools down water inlet place enthalpy
with the enthalpy at coolant outlet place
, first flow measurement mechanism measures the discharge of the second sampling slip
.Because the first sampling slip and the second sampling slip are airtight cascaded structure, second sampling slip is actual identical with the first sampling slip discharge, be all the discharge of tested steam-reforming Cheng Shuihou, the cooling water flow that therefore first flow measurement mechanism measured value characterizes the flow of tested water vapour, heat exchanger is flow through in the measurement of second measuring device
, characterize for carrying out the cooling water flow of heat interchange with tested water vapour.By measuring above-mentioned enthalpy and flow value, data being inputted described data processing module, the mass dryness fraction of tested water vapour can be drawn.
Concrete, described first enthalpy measuring device comprises the temperature measuring equipment and the first device for pressure measurement 17 that are arranged on heat exchanger medium exit 44.By measuring the temperature and pressure in heat exchanger medium exit 44, in conjunction with the discharge that first flow measurement mechanism records
, the enthalpy of sampling steam after over-heat-exchanger can be drawn
.
Further, described first enthalpy measuring device also comprises the temperature measuring equipment being arranged on the second sampling slip 32.By measuring cooler outlet temperature, can to above-mentioned measurement
revise, measurement result is more accurate.
Concrete, described second enthalpy measuring device comprises the temperature measuring equipment, the second device for pressure measurement 16 that are arranged on cools down water inlet 43 and is arranged on the temperature measuring equipment of cools down water out 41.By measuring the temperature and pressure of cools down water out 41 and cools down water inlet 43 place, flow through the cooling water flow of heat exchanger in conjunction with the measurement of second measuring device
, the enthalpy at cools down water inlet place can be drawn
with the enthalpy in exit
.
Above-mentioned each temperature measuring equipment preferably meets the platinum resistance spread and put, and namely the measurement termination of platinum resistance is pointed to contrary with water (flow) direction, and measuring tempeature is more accurate.
By IAPWS-IF97 standard, the enthalpy of corresponding water can be obtained by pressure and temperature.Pass through and the brand-new water and steam computation model of the joint study group having delivered to be made up of moral, Russia, English, Jia Deng 7 state 12 scientists one of proposing in the water and steam character international federation (IAPWS) that German Erlangen in 1997 holds, i.e. IAPWS-IF97 formula, according to this formula, corresponding enthalpy can be obtained by the pressure and temperature measuring water.
After obtaining each enthalpy, according to principle of conservation of energy, have:
1.
And steam quality and enthalpy meet following formula:
2.
Wherein
for the heat exchange efficiency of system,
for jet chimney 6 enthalpy,
for saturation water enthalpy,
for saturated vapour enthalpy, x is steam quality, and 2. 1. convolution can obtain with formula:
3.
From 3. formula, pass through measuring flow
,
and enthalpy
,
,
, can steam quality be drawn.
Above-mentioned calculation procedure by writing software program in advance, can input described data processing module and realizing.
For better the present invention being described, provide with a kind of embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 2 to 3 below:
Sampler to be connected with jet chimney 6 and from jet chimney to steam sampling, the steam input heat exchanger 2 after sampling.
First enthalpy measurement mechanism comprises the first temperature measuring equipment 13, first device for pressure measurement 17 being arranged on heat exchanger medium exit 44 and the second temperature measuring equipment 14 being arranged on the second sampling slip 32.
Second enthalpy measuring device comprises the 3rd temperature measuring equipment 12, second device for pressure measurement 16 being arranged on cools down water inlet 43 and the 4th temperature measuring equipment 15 being arranged on cools down water out 41.
Each temperature measuring equipment is meet the platinum resistance spread and put, and device for pressure measurement is pressure unit, and described first flow measurement mechanism 8 and second measuring device 9 are electromagnetic flowmeter.
The data that above-mentioned each measurement mechanism records input data conversion module in real time.
Described data conversion module comprises distribution modular converter, collecting unit, processing unit and display unit.
The sampling temperature in T1 that first temperature measuring equipment 13 records, the sampling outlet temperature T2 that second temperature measuring equipment 14 records, the cooling temperature in T3 that 3rd temperature survey measurement mechanism 12 records, the coolant outlet temperature T4 that 4th temperature measuring equipment 15 records inputs described distribution modular converter, the sampling effluent amount P0 that first device for pressure measurement 17 records, the cold side flow P1 that second device for pressure measurement 16 records, the flow W0 that first flow measurement mechanism 8 records, collecting unit is input to together with the data that the flow W1 that second measuring device 9 records and distribution modular converter export, data are sent to processing unit by collecting unit, processing unit receives the system heat exchange efficiency parameter that product calibrates simultaneously
, 1., 2. and 3. calculated the mass dryness fraction of tested steam by aforesaid formula, show dryness of wet steam value in real time by display unit.
Collecting unit, the processing unit of above-mentioned data conversion module can adopt central processing unit, memory storage to be connected realization with liquid crystal display with display unit.
Adopt dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument of the present invention, by sampling, wet steam is introduced heat exchange in heat exchanger and becomes single-phase water, real-time sampling side and the pressure of cold side measured is gone forward side by side row operation, dryness of wet steam value instantaneous value can be provided, show the change of dryness of wet steam value at any time, facilitate controllers to carry out tracing control to steam quality.Structure of the present invention is simple, and small volume, is convenient for carrying, and measuring accuracy is high, and dryness measurement error is less than ± and 5%.
The method that in the present invention, the disclosed embodiments describe or the software module that the step of algorithm can directly use hardware, processor to perform, or the combination of the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in the storage medium of other form any known in random access memory (RAM), internal memory, ROM (read-only memory) (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technical field.
Previously described is each preferred embodiment of the present invention, preferred implementation in each preferred embodiment is if not obviously contradictory or premised on a certain preferred implementation, each preferred implementation can stack combinations use arbitrarily, design parameter in described embodiment and embodiment is only the invention proof procedure in order to clear statement inventor, and be not used to limit scope of patent protection of the present invention, scope of patent protection of the present invention is still as the criterion with its claims, the equivalent structure change that every utilization instructions of the present invention and accompanying drawing content are done, in like manner all should be included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument, comprises sampler (1), heat exchanger (2), water tank (3), sedimentator (4), refrigeratory (5), the first sampling slip (31), the second sampling slip (32), the first cooling branch road (33), the second cooling branch road (34) and the 3rd cooling branch road (35); Sampler (1) is connected with heat exchanger medium entrance (42) pipeline; First sampling slip (31) connects heat exchanger medium outlet (44) and refrigeratory medium inlet (46); Second sampling slip (32) connects coldly gets device media outlet (48); First cooling branch road (33) connects cools down water out (41) and water tank (3), and the first cooling branch road (33) also comprises first the level branch road (36) connecting refrigeratory coolant outlet (45); Second cooling branch road (34) connects water tank (3) and sedimentator (4); 3rd cooling branch road (35) connects sedimentator (4) and refrigeratory cooling water inlet (47), and the 3rd cooling branch road (35) also comprises the second subprime branch road (37) connecting cools down water inlet (43); Described dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument also comprises the first enthalpy measuring device measuring heat exchanger medium outlet (44) place enthalpy, measure the second enthalpy measuring device of cools down water inlet (43) and coolant outlet (41) place enthalpy, be arranged on the first flow measurement mechanism (11) of the second sampling slip (32) and be arranged on the second measuring device (10) of described second subprime branch road; And the data processing module to be connected with the first enthalpy measuring device, the second enthalpy measuring device, first flow measurement mechanism, second measuring device signal; Described water tank (3) comprises cooling device.
2. dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described first enthalpy measuring device comprises the temperature measuring equipment and the first device for pressure measurement (17) that are arranged on heat exchanger medium exit (44).
3. dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described first enthalpy measuring device also comprises the temperature measuring equipment being arranged on the second sampling slip (32).
4. dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described second enthalpy measuring device comprises the temperature measuring equipment, the second device for pressure measurement (16) that are arranged on cools down water inlet (43) and is arranged on the temperature measuring equipment of cools down water out (41).
5. dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument as described in claim 2 to 4 any one, is characterized in that: described temperature measuring equipment is meet the platinum resistance spread and put.
6. dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described first sampling slip (31) is also in series with reliever.
7. dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that: described reliever is multi-step pressure reduction orifice plate (7).
8. dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described second cooling branch road (34) and/or second subprime branch road (37) are also in series with flow regulator.
9. dryness of wet steam on-line measurement instrument as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described sampler (1) and the connecting line of heat exchanger (2) are in series with high-temp and-pressure ball valve (18).
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| CN201310086699.3A CN103207210B (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2013-03-19 | Online wet steam dryness gauge |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| CN103207210B true CN103207210B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104330436B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-09-07 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Experimental provision and the mensuration of dryness of wet steam for two-phase Research on Heat Transfer Characteristics |
| CN106932436B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2023-11-21 | 核动力运行研究所 | Online steam humidity measurement system and measurement method |
| CN107389747B (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2020-12-29 | 东北石油大学 | Gas-liquid two-phase dryness measuring system |
| CN107843298B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-11-15 | 重庆交通大学 | The measuring system and method for two-phase flow and mass dryness fraction |
| CN109459533B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2023-10-27 | 南京林业大学 | Steam humidity measuring device and method thereof |
| CN110108595B (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2021-09-24 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | Humidity monitoring device adopting gas-steam mixing method |
| CN110245463A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-17 | 济南市市政工程设计研究院（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of combustion gas flue gas enthalpy calculation method and system |
| CN115219547A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-10-21 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Wellhead steam dryness monitoring device and wellhead steam dryness monitoring method |
| CN113597215B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-04-18 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | System, method and device for adjusting flow of parallel branch of two-phase cold plate liquid cooling system |
| CN114235896A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-25 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Saturated steam dryness measuring device |
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| CN100573129C (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2009-12-23 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of coagulating type steam quality measurement device and measuring method |
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