CN103206533B - The cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine and piston - Google Patents
The cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine and piston Download PDFInfo
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- CN103206533B CN103206533B CN201310027225.1A CN201310027225A CN103206533B CN 103206533 B CN103206533 B CN 103206533B CN 201310027225 A CN201310027225 A CN 201310027225A CN 103206533 B CN103206533 B CN 103206533B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of cylinder and piston, specifically, a kind of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine using pressurized air as power of described motor.Described piston is built in cylinder, and outer surface of piston is circumferentially provided with annular groove, welding piston dead turn in first ring connected in star, and described piston friction circle and piston coaxial are arranged; Piston friction circle is made up of described Cu-Si alloy, described Cu-Si alloy comprises the element silicon of 3.5-4.5% weight and is not less than the Cu element of 95% weight, surplus is impurity element, and described impurity element comprises C element, and the mass fraction of C element in Cu-Si alloy is 0.015%-0.03%; The casing wall of described cylinder body scribbles the coating of one deck seal lubrication, and described coating is carbon nano-tube composite anti-wear coating, and coating can reduce frictional force, makes cylinder wall more wear-resisting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cylinder and piston of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine, in particular to the improvement of the material aspect of a kind of cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine and piston.
Background technique
Cylinder and piston are widely used in all trades and professions, and the field of applying at most is in motor, in Modern Traffic means of transportation such as automobile, steamer etc., generally adopt the piston internal-combustion engine using fuel oil as power source.This engine cylinder-body and piston are in as in hot strength, wear-resisting, corrosion-resistant etc. environment.Therefore, developed be adapted to this environment under the cylinder body that uses and piston.And current, clean, free of contamination alternative energy source new for exploitation, or reduce fuel consume as much as possible, reduce discharge and become urgent problem in development of engine, just invent air-powered motor using pressurized air as power source.Meanwhile, in order to adapt to the feature of air-powered motor, need a kind of cylinder and piston being applicable to air-powered motor of invention badly.
The claimant of the application describes a kind of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine using pressurized air as power in the patent application of ZL201210361268.9, it comprises control mechanism, bent axle, connecting rod, engine front support frame, cylinder, motor back support frame, compressed air inlet pipe road.When the throttle of motor is opened, pressurized air enters cylinder by compressed air inlet pipe road after heating plant heating, and the pressurized air entered promotes link motion, drives crank rotation simultaneously, thus outputting power.For this air-powered motor with heating plant, it is higher to the requirement of the quality of cylinder and piston thereof, particularly tightness and wear resistance, and currently used cylinder and piston generally can not do special processing to its contact surface, because general piston internal-combustion engine due to its power source be fuel oil, even if having loss in acting process, efficiency is reduced, but also can not become the problem that people pay close attention to, but for air-powered motor, it is higher to the requirement of the cooperation of piston and cylinder, so just can raise the efficiency, this is particularly crucial, therefore adopt the wear-resisting property of the cylinder of general explosive motor and piston generation poor for current this swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine, tightness is low, efficiency is low, the technical problem that working life is short, claimant continues to have made improvement to the cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine disclosed in the patent documentation of ZL201210361268.9 and piston.
Summary of the invention
Based on the problems referred to above, the invention provides a kind of cylinder and piston of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine, be intended to be adapted to described swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine, and there is good wear resistance and sealing, and cleaner cylinder and piston.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of cylinder and piston of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine are provided, described swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine comprises, and control mechanism, bent axle, connecting rod, cylinder are provided with compressed air inlet pipe road between gas holder and cylinder; Cylinder is supported by motor back support frame, and together with being connected directly between with cylinder supports block; Cylinder is placed on motor support seat by motor back support frame; Bent axle is placed on motor support seat by engine front support; Described piston is built in cylinder, and outer surface of piston is circumferentially provided with annular groove, welding piston dead turn in first ring connected in star, and described piston friction circle and piston coaxial are arranged; Piston friction circle is made up of described Cu-Si alloy, described Cu-Si alloy comprises the element silicon of 3.5-4.5% weight and is not less than the Cu element of 95% weight, surplus is impurity element, and described impurity element comprises C element, and the mass fraction of C element in Cu-Si alloy is 0.015%-0.03%; The casing wall of described cylinder body scribbles the coating of one deck seal lubrication, and described coating is carbon nano-tube composite anti-wear coating, and coating can reduce frictional force, makes cylinder wall more wear-resisting.By the coating of described cylinder wall and described piston friction circle with the use of, can greatly improve its wear resistance, not only can be used in adopting the piston internal-combustion engine using fuel oil as power source, and be particularly useful in air-powered motor.
Preferably, described outer surface of piston is circumferentially provided with the second annular groove, welding piston dead turn in described second annular groove, and described piston friction circle and piston coaxial are arranged; Piston friction circle is made up of described Cu-Si alloy, described Cu-Si alloy comprises the element silicon of 3.5-4.5% weight and is not less than the Cu element of 95% weight, surplus is impurity element, described impurity element comprises C element, the mass fraction of C element in Cu-Si alloy is 0.015%-0.03%, and described piston friction circle surface has carbon nano-tube composite anti-wear coating.
Preferably, described compressed air inlet pipe road is provided with 6 air outlets, is communicated by pipeline with the inlet hole on 6 cylinders respectively.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, described compressed air inlet pipe road is arranged on the end of motor support seat.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, described motor back support frame is made up of cylinder supports block, swinging supporter axle, otic placode, is provided with bearing in cylinder supports block.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, described bearing is ball bearing.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, one end of described bent axle is connected with control mechanism, and the other end is provided with handwheel.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, described handwheel is that round-meshed plectane is opened in an inside, is linked together by welding manner and bent axle.
When the control mechanism on bent axle and crankshaft front end are processed into one, so this handwheel just plays the effect of counterweight, is used for making the right and left of this motor to keep balance.In another embodiment of the invention, in order to save processing cost, band has been after Crankshaft Machining assembled, by the distributor tablet on control mechanism, dividing plate by manual assembly on crankshaft front end, crankshaft front end is locked by tightening nut.Because 120 ° will be differed all the time between adjacent two distributor tablets, when the angle differed between this distributor tablet after engine operation certain hour changes, shut down and revise this difference angle of check and correction by rotation hand wheel.In addition, this handwheel also plays the effect of counterweight, is used for making the right and left of this motor to keep balance.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, described control mechanism comprises and treats electrostatic sheet, baffle plate, treats that electrostatic sheet places that plate dynamic controls distributor tablet, the dynamic distributor tablet that controls places plate, distributor tablet.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, time between described connecting rod and motor support seat in 8 ° of tilt angle, cylinder piston moves to top dead center.
In above-mentioned either a program preferably, time between described connecting rod and motor support seat in 2 ° of tilt angle, cylinder piston moves to lower dead center.
According to one exemplary embodiment, the pressurized air in high pressure tank is reduced pressure by knock out drum, and this knock out drum is provided with reduction valve, arrives 1-2MPa, then pass in cylinder after heating plant heating after the high-pressure air decompression in high pressure tank.Because the high-pressure air in high pressure tank have passed the decompression of knock out drum, the high-pressure air of same volume makes the course continuation mileage of this motor longer, and compressed-air actuated utilization ratio is higher; In addition, the power source described in this motor is clean pressurized air, so can not pollute air.
Accompanying drawing explanation
To describe according to preferred but nonrestrictive embodiment of the present invention now, these and other features of the present invention, aspect and advantage will become apparent when reading following detailed description in detail with reference to accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the 3 dimensional drawing according to swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine body of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the plan view according to swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine body of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the side view according to swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine body of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation according to connecting rod in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 A be in Fig. 1 according to A intake and exhaust control valve in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention by the sectional view of single cylinder work during intake valve air inlet;
Fig. 5 B is the sectional view according to single cylinder work during B intake and exhaust control valve air inlet in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 A be in Fig. 1 according to A intake and exhaust control valve in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention by the sectional view of twin-tub work during intake valve air inlet;
Fig. 6 B is the sectional view according to twin-tub work when the air inlet of A intake and exhaust control valve completes in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 A is the sectional view according to motor back support frame in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 B is the plan view according to motor back support frame in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 C is the side view according to motor back support frame in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 8 is the partial sectional view according to bent axle and Control Shaft in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 9 A is the structural representation according to control mechanism in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 9 B is the plan view according to control mechanism in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Fig. 9 C is the side view according to control mechanism in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Figure 10 is the structural representation according to Control Shaft in variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Figure 11 A is the reset condition figure of automatically controlled according to Control Shaft in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Figure 11 B rotates the phase diagram of 120 ° automatically controlled according to Control Shaft in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Figure 11 C rotates the phase diagram of 240 ° automatically controlled according to Control Shaft in swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention in Fig. 1;
Figure 12 is the control system schematic diagram according to swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine of the present invention.
Embodiment
The following description is only exemplary and be not to limit the disclosure, application or purposes in essence.Should be understood that, in whole accompanying drawing, corresponding reference character represents identical or corresponding parts and feature.
Continue to consult Fig. 1, cylinder 50 is divided into cylinder 1#, cylinder 2#, cylinder 3#, cylinder 4#, cylinder 5#, cylinder 6#, through overcompression air intake pipe 70 enters cylinder 50 in after being heated from the pressurized air of constant-pressure tank by heating plant.Compressed air inlet pipe road 70 is provided with 6 air outlets, the intake valve 51 on its corresponding cylinder 1#, cylinder 2# with cylinder 50, cylinder 3#, cylinder 4#, cylinder 5#, cylinder 6# is connected by pipeline.The power of this motor is from pressurized air, and the gas of rear discharge of having done work is similarly air, the gas after discharge directly can be discharged in air and can not pollute.
Consult Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 now, Fig. 1 is the 3 dimensional drawing according to swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine body of the present invention; Fig. 2 is the plan view according to swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine body of the present invention in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is the side view of the swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine body in Fig. 1, and it comprises: control mechanism 10, bent axle 20, connecting rod 30, cylinder 50, be provided with compressed air inlet pipe road 70 between gas holder and cylinder 50; Cylinder 50 is supported by motor back support frame 60, and together with being connected directly between with cylinder supports block 61; Cylinder 50 is placed on motor support seat 41 by motor back support frame 60; Bent axle 20 is placed on motor support seat 41 by engine front support frame 40.When the throttle of motor is opened, pressurized air after heating plant heating, then enters cylinder 50 by compressed air inlet pipe road 70.The pressurized air entered promotes connecting rod 30 and moves, and is with dynamic crankshaft 20 to rotate simultaneously, thus outputting power.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the number of cylinder is preferably 6.Preferably, can be 2,4,6,8 etc.In example of the present invention, every two cylinders share a cylinder baffle 121(and see Fig. 5 A-Fig. 6 B).According to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, every two cylinders are distributed in a cylinder baffle 121 up and down, be respectively cylinder 1#, cylinder 2#, cylinder 3# is distributed in top; Cylinder 4#, cylinder 5#, cylinder 6# are distributed in bottom.Each cylinder 50 is provided with solenoid valve 101, solenoid valve 101 is provided with intake valve 51, exhaust valve 52.Accommodate cylinder piston 122 in cylinder 50, cylinder piston 122 is directly connected on bent axle 20 by connecting rod 30.The piston that rotarily drives of bent axle 20 moves reciprocatingly in cylinder 50.Described piston is built in cylinder, and outer surface of piston is circumferentially provided with annular groove, welding piston dead turn in first ring connected in star, and described piston friction circle and piston coaxial are arranged; Piston friction circle is made up of described Cu-Si alloy, and described Cu-Si alloy comprises the element silicon of 3.5% weight and the Cu element of 96% weight, and surplus is impurity element, and described impurity element comprises C element, and the mass fraction of C element in Cu-Si alloy is 0.015%%; The casing wall of described cylinder body scribbles the coating of one deck seal lubrication, and described coating is carbon nano-tube composite anti-wear coating, and coating can reduce frictional force, makes cylinder wall more wear-resisting.By the coating of described cylinder wall and described piston friction circle with the use of, can greatly improve its wear resistance;
Or described piston friction circle is made up of described Cu-Si alloy, described Cu-Si alloy comprises the element silicon of 4.5% weight and the Cu element of 95% weight, surplus is impurity element, and described impurity element comprises C element, and the mass fraction of C element in Cu-Si alloy is 0.03%; The casing wall of described cylinder body scribbles the coating of one deck seal lubrication, described coating is carbon nano-tube composite anti-wear coating, described outer surface of piston is circumferentially provided with the second annular groove, welding piston dead turn in described second annular groove, and described piston friction circle and piston coaxial are arranged; Piston friction circle is made up of described Cu-Si alloy, described Cu-Si alloy comprises the element silicon of 4.5% weight and the Cu element of 95% weight, surplus is impurity element, described impurity element comprises C element, the mass fraction of C element in Cu-Si alloy is 0.03%, and described piston friction circle surface has carbon nano-tube composite anti-wear coating;
Or described piston friction circle is made up of described Cu-Si alloy, described Cu-Si alloy comprises the element silicon of 4% weight and the Cu element of 95.5% weight, surplus is impurity element, and described impurity element comprises C element, and the mass fraction of C element in Cu-Si alloy is 0.02%; The casing wall of described cylinder body scribbles the coating of one deck seal lubrication, described coating is carbon nano-tube composite anti-wear coating, described outer surface of piston is circumferentially provided with the second annular groove, welding piston dead turn in described second annular groove, and described piston friction circle and piston coaxial are arranged; Piston friction circle is made up of described Cu-Si alloy, described Cu-Si alloy comprises the element silicon of 3.5% weight and the Cu element of 96% weight, surplus is impurity element, described impurity element comprises C element, the mass fraction of C element in Cu-Si alloy is 0.015%, and described piston friction circle surface has carbon nano-tube composite anti-wear coating.
In addition, time between connecting rod 30 and motor support seat 41 in 8 ° of tilt angle, cylinder piston 122 moves to top dead center; Time between connecting rod 30 and motor support seat 41 in 2 ° of tilt angle, cylinder piston 122 moves to lower dead center.
Following composition graphs 4 is described in detail connecting rod further.Cylinder piston 122 is directly connected on bent axle 20 by connecting rod 30, and connecting rod 30 and piston rod 120 are integrated; Connecting rod 30 connects upper cover 31 by connecting bar and crankshaft, connecting bar and crankshaft connects lower cover 32 and is arranged on bent axle 20, and the both sides that connecting bar and crankshaft connects upper cover 31, connecting bar and crankshaft connects lower cover 32 have circular hole.Connecting bar and crankshaft connects upper cover 31, connecting bar and crankshaft connects lower cover 32 and is half nahlock, the middle part of half nahlock has half slot, the diameter of this half slot is about the diameter of crankshaft 142, and the half slot that connecting bar and crankshaft connects upper cover 31, connecting bar and crankshaft connects lower cover 32 is Spielpassung with coordinating of crankshaft 142.Connecting bar and crankshaft connection upper cover 31 is connected lower cover 32 and is linked together by two groups of connecting bar and crankshaft fixing bolts 34, connecting bar and crankshaft set screw nut 33 with connecting bar and crankshaft.Connecting rod 30 is directly connected with cylinder piston 122, the connecting line in this motor is reduced, and then has saved space.
With reference now to Fig. 5 A-Fig. 5 B(direction of arrow, be gas flow direction), specifically describe the smooth working process of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine.First with reference to figure 5A, it illustrates the internal structure of cylinder.Cylinder piston 122, piston rod 120 is provided with in cylinder baffle 121.Cylinder is divided into the left air chamber of cylinder 123 and the right air chamber 124 of cylinder, and each cylinder chamber is all provided with solenoid valve 101.Solenoid valve 101 on the left air chamber 123 of cylinder is made up of A valve body 111-1, A rubber seal 112-1, A spool 113-1, A coil 114-1, A Returnning spring 115-1; Solenoid valve 101 on the right air chamber 124 of cylinder is made up of B valve body 111-2, B rubber seal 112-2, A spool 113-2, A coil 114-2, A Returnning spring 115-2.
With further reference to Fig. 5 A and Figure 12.When motor steadily rotates forward, open the throttle of motor and rotate forward distributor, dynamic control distributor tablet 14 ' can with cylinder 1# corresponding treat that electrostatic sheet 1 ' contacts, then the A intake and exhaust control valve of cylinder 1# is opened, the a mouth at its intake valve 51 place can enter pressurized air, and the cylinder piston 122 promoted in the left air chamber of cylinder 123 moves to the right air chamber 124 of cylinder.Bent axle 20 turns over 90 °, and the dynamic distributor tablet 14 ' that controls is in meta, and leave and treat electrostatic sheet 1 ', the intake valve 51 of cylinder 1# is closed.Now, the pressurized air expansion work in cylinder 1#, gas is discharged from the c mouth of the exhaust valve 52 on B intake and exhaust control valve.By the time when bent axle 20 turns 30 ° again, dynamic control distributor tablet 25 ' can with cylinder 2# corresponding treat that electrostatic sheet 2 ' contacts, then cylinder 2# can enter pressurized air; When bent axle 20 turns over 90 ° again, the dynamic distributor tablet 25 ' that controls is in meta, and leave and treat electrostatic sheet 2 ', the intake valve 51 of cylinder 2# is closed.Now, by the pressurized air expansion work in cylinder 2#, gas is discharged from the c mouth of the exhaust valve 52 on B intake and exhaust control valve.By the time when bent axle 20 turns 30 ° again, dynamic control distributor tablet 36 ' can with cylinder 3# corresponding treat that electrostatic sheet 3 ' contacts, then cylinder 3# can enter pressurized air.When bent axle 20 turns over 90 °, then the dynamic distributor tablet 36 ' that controls is in meta, and leave and treat electrostatic sheet 3 ', the intake valve 51 of cylinder 3# is closed.Now, the pressurized air expansion work in cylinder 3#, gas is discharged from the c mouth of the exhaust valve 52 on B intake and exhaust control valve.By the time when bent axle turns 30 ° again, dynamic control distributor tablet 14 ' can with cylinder 1# corresponding treat that electrostatic sheet 1 ' contacts, cylinder 1# can enter pressurized air.When bent axle 20 turns over 90 °, then the dynamic distributor tablet 14 ' that controls is in meta, and leave and treat electrostatic sheet 1 ', the intake valve 51 of cylinder 1# is closed.Now, the pressurized air expansion work in cylinder, gas is discharged from the c mouth of the exhaust valve 52 on B intake and exhaust control valve.During motor smooth working, its cylinder just according to cylinder 1#, 2#, 3# with this circular work, reach motor smooth operation.
Following reference drawing 5B.When motor steadily reverses, open the throttle of motor and reverse distributor, dynamic control distributor tablet 14 ' can with cylinder 4# corresponding treat that electrostatic sheet 4 ' contacts, the d mouth at intake valve 51 place on the B intake and exhaust control valve of now cylinder 4# can enter pressurized air, and the cylinder piston 122 promoted in the right air chamber of cylinder 124 moves to the left air chamber 123 of cylinder; When bent axle 20 reversed 90 °, the dynamic distributor tablet 14 ' that controls is in meta, and leave and treat electrostatic sheet 4 ', the intake valve 51 of cylinder 4# is closed, the pressurized air expansion work now in cylinder, and gas is discharged from the b mouth of the exhaust valve 52 on A intake and exhaust control valve.By the time when bent axle 20 another mistake turns 30 °, dynamic control distributor tablet 25 ' can with cylinder 5# corresponding treat that electrostatic sheet 5 ' contacts, now cylinder 5# can enter pressurized air, bent axle 20 reversed 90 °, the dynamic distributor tablet 25 ' that controls is in meta, and leave and treat electrostatic sheet 5 ', then the intake valve 51 of cylinder 5# is closed, pressurized air expansion work now in cylinder, gas is discharged from the b mouth of the exhaust valve 52 on A intake and exhaust control valve.By the time when bent axle another mistake turns 30 °, dynamic control distributor tablet 36 ' can with cylinder 6# corresponding treat that electrostatic sheet 6 ' contacts, now cylinder 6# can enter pressurized air, bent axle 20 reversed 90 °, the dynamic distributor tablet 36 ' that controls is in meta, and leave and treat electrostatic sheet 6 ', the intake valve 51 of cylinder 6# is closed, pressurized air expansion work now in cylinder, gas is discharged from the b mouth of the exhaust valve 52 on A intake and exhaust control valve.By the time when bent axle another mistake turns 30 °, dynamic control distributor tablet 14 ' can with cylinder 4# corresponding treat that electrostatic sheet 4 ' contacts, now cylinder 4# can enter pressurized air, bent axle 20 reversed 90 °, the dynamic distributor tablet 14 ' that controls is in meta, and leave and treat electrostatic sheet 4 ', the intake valve 51 of cylinder 4# is closed, pressurized air expansion work now in cylinder, gas is discharged from the b mouth of the exhaust valve 52 on A intake and exhaust control valve.Motor when reversing smooth working, its cylinder just according to cylinder 4#, 5#, 6# with this circular work, reach that motor is steadily inverse to operate.
With reference now to Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B.When motor needs climbing or strengthens power, throttle starts distributor and opens, dynamic control distributor tablet 14 ' can with cylinder 1# corresponding treat that electrostatic sheet 1 ' contacts, the dynamic control distributor tablet 25 ' that simultaneously cylinder 5# is corresponding with treat that electrostatic sheet 5 ' also contacts, now the A intake and exhaust control valve of cylinder 1# is opened, the a mouth at its intake valve 51 place can enter pressurized air, the cylinder piston 122 promoted in the left air chamber of cylinder 123 moves to the right air chamber 124 of cylinder, connecting rod 30 promotes bent axle 20 and rotates, and the corresponding connecting rod 30 of cylinder 5# pulls bent axle 20 to rotate, play the effect of Bidirectional power.
When bent axle 20 turns over 30 ° of angles, the corresponding dynamic control distributor tablet 25 ' of cylinder 5# with treat that electrostatic sheet 5 ' is from being in meta, and the connecting rod 30 that now cylinder 1# is corresponding or pneumatically promote bent axle 20 and do work, cylinder 5# is then pneumatically expansion work, and drivening rod 30 does work to pull bent axle 20.When bent axle turns 30 ° again, cylinder 1# still does work as before, but the dynamic control distributor tablet 36 ' that now cylinder 6# is corresponding with treat that electrostatic sheet 6 ' contacts, namely the intake valve 51 of cylinder 6# is opened, start to enter pressurized air, pressurized air promotes cylinder piston 122, bent axle 20 is pulled to do work, now pneumatically promotes cylinder piston 122 and what pull bent axle 20 to do work is 6# cylinder, pneumatically promotes cylinder piston 122, with promote bent axle 20 do work be 1# cylinder, pneumatically expands and promotes cylinder piston 122, what do work to pull bent axle 20 is 5# cylinder, when bent axle 20 turns 30 ° again, the corresponding dynamic control distributor tablet 14 ' of cylinder 1# with treat electrostatic sheet 1 ' from and be in meta, pressurized air expands and continues acting, now, the connecting rod 30 that cylinder 6# is corresponding or pneumatically driving crank 20 does work, cylinder 5# is then pneumatically expansion work, thus drivening rod 30 driving crank 20 does work.When bent axle 20 turns 30 ° again, cylinder 5# stops doing power, and cylinder 1# continues pneumatically expansion work, and cylinder 6# still relies on pressurized air to promote acting, but the dynamic control distributor tablet 25 ' that now cylinder 2# is corresponding with treat that electrostatic sheet 2 ' contacts, cylinder 2# start acting.The acting order that circulation like this is gone down is cylinder 1#, 6#, 2#, 4#, 3#, 5#, and wherein cylinder 1#, 2#, 3# does work by promoting bent axle 20, and cylinder 4#, 5#, 6# are that pneumatically pulls bent axle 20 to do work.Thus, when bent axle 20 rotates, have multi-cylinder to do work, thus high torque exports, reach the demand of climbing or large Power output.
Following reference drawing 7A-7C, it illustrates the structural representation of motor back support frame.Motor back support frame 60 is made up of cylinder supports block 61, swinging supporter axle 62, otic placode 64, is provided with bearing 63 in cylinder supports block 61.Otic placode 64 is arranged on the two ends of swinging supporter axle 62, and cylinder supports block 61 is supported on motor support seat 41 by 2 otic placodes 64 with the builtup member of swinging supporter axle 62.Because the inside of cylinder supports block 61 is provided with bearing 63, so when cylinder 50 swings with the promotion of connecting rod 30, cylinder supports block 61 will swing around swinging supporter axle 62.The base of cylinder 50 is linked together by the mode of welding with cylinder supports block 61, cylinder 50 rotates along with the promotion of connecting rod 30, therefore require that the rotation between cylinder supports block 61 and swinging supporter axle 62 is flexible, mechanical transmission efficiency is high, therefore bearing 63 preferentially selects ball bearing.
With reference now to Fig. 8, bent axle 20 comprises crank 140, rear end 141, crankshaft 142, crankshaft front end 146.Crankshaft 142 is provided with bearing 143, bearing retainer ring 144, the diameter of axle of crankshaft 142 is processed with one or more lubricating oil sump 145, it is used for lubricating bearing 143.Crankshaft front end 146 is provided with intake and exhaust electric control axle 17, and intake and exhaust electric control axle 17 is provided with automatically controlled film-making 171, and there is automatically controlled fixed end 172 its end.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, 3 crankshafts 142 separate by the crank 140 of bent axle 20, and the number of crank 140 is 4, and this number can increase according to the number of cylinder or reduce, and these are all that those skilled in the art easily expect.Crank 140 is processed with through hole, and it is used for connecting crank axle 142, and crankshaft 142 is fixed in the through hole of crank 140 by nut 147.In order to prevent crank 140 and crankshaft 142 contacting point from getting rusty, the diameter of axle of crankshaft 142 is provided with oil leab 148, and the lubricant oil from lubricating oil sump 145 is lubricated by oil leab 148 pairs of crankshafts 142 and bearing 143, prevents it from getting rusty.
In addition, be provided with control mechanism 10 in one end of bent axle 20, the other end is provided with handwheel 21.When the control mechanism 10 on bent axle 20 is processed into one with crankshaft front end 146, so this handwheel 21 just plays the effect of counterweight, is used for making the right and left of this motor to keep balance.In another embodiment of the invention, in order to save processing cost, process after assembling completes at bent axle 20, by the distributor tablet 15 on control mechanism 10, dividing plate 15-1 by manual assembly on crankshaft front end 146, crankshaft front end 146 is locked by tightening nut 113.Because 120 ° will be differed all the time between adjacent two distributor tablets 15, when the angle of difference changes between this distributor tablet 15 after engine operation certain hour, shut down and revise this difference angle of check and correction by rotation hand wheel 21.In addition, this handwheel 21 also plays the effect of counterweight, is used for making the right and left of this motor to keep balance.
As shown in Figure 9 A-9C, control mechanism 10 comprises and treats electrostatic sheet 11, baffle plate 13, treats that electrostatic sheet is placed plate 17, dynamic controlled distributor tablet 16, the dynamic distributor tablet that controls places plate 14, distributor tablet 15.Distributor tablet 15 adopts antifriction metal (AFM) to process; Move and control distributor tablet, treat that electrostatic sheet 11 all adopts brass to process, there is good electric conductivity.Distributor tablet 15 is installed on crankshaft front end 146, differs 120 °, and separated by dividing plate 15-1 between adjacent two distributor tablets 15 between adjacent two distributor tablets 15.
Distributor tablet 15 is scraggly plectane, and each distributor tablet 15 is clamped by two dividing plate 15-1, is provided with ball bearing 114 in the groove that distributor tablet 15 and two side partition 15-1 are formed.This ball bearing 114 is fixed on a minor axis by locking nut 112; Be provided with between ball bearing 114 and locking nut 112 and dynamic control distributor tablet and place plate 14.This dynamic distributor tablet that controls places plate 14 for plexiglass processing, has insulating properties.
The assemblying body of described ball bearing 114 and locking nut 112 is placed plate 14 be supported in distributor tablet 15 by the dynamic distributor tablet that controls.The dynamic distributor tablet placement plate 14 that controls has square groove, and the dynamic lower end controlling distributor tablet 16 is inserted in square groove.The dynamic lower end controlling distributor tablet placement plate 14 is arranged on running shaft fixing frame 18, when dynamic control distributor tablet places dynamic control distributor tablet 16 on plate 14 when bent axle 20 rotates during driven forward, move and control distributor tablet 16 and treat that electrostatic sheet 11 contacts, and then the dynamic distributor tablet placement plate 14 that controls of promotion swings around running shaft 111.Running shaft fixing frame 18 is fixed on distributor tablet control mechanism base 12 by two small ear plates.
When bent axle 20 rotates, distributor tablet 15 is also rotated thereupon, the ball bearing 114 be stuck in groove that distributor tablet 15 and dividing plate 15-1 formed also rotates thereupon, when the projection of distributor tablet 15 contacts with ball bearing 114, ball bearing 114 is pushed forward and moves, now the dynamic distributor tablet that controls is placed dynamic control distributor tablet 16 driven forward on plate 14 and treats that electrostatic sheet 11 contacts, solenoid valve 101 is connected, the intake valve 51 of its corresponding cylinder 50 is opened, and the pressurized air in compressed air inlet pipe road 70 enters cylinder 50.
When the projection of distributor tablet 15 leaves ball bearing 114, the dynamic distributor tablet 16 that controls is with when electrostatic sheet 11 is separated, and solenoid valve 101 power-off, the intake valve 51 of its corresponding cylinder 50 is closed.
As shown in Figure 10, the control volume of control mechanism is provided with 3 automatically controlled 171, and it is respectively used to the breathing action of 6 cylinders controlling swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine.Position geo-stationary between each automatically controlled, automatically controlled is also geo-stationary relative to bent axle 20.The metal that the material selection of automatically controlled 171 is antirust, wear-resisting or nonmetallic material, such as stainless steel or high-intensity resin.In addition, be connected between two automatically controlled and separated by plectane, and be clamped in wherein by automatically controlled 171, automatically controlled 171 to be threaded connection with automatically controlled fixed end 172 and to be fixed.
Following reference drawing 11A-Figure 11 C, when Figure 11 A is motor smooth working, cylinder 1# passes into pressurized air, the projection of first automatically controlled 171-1 in automatically controlled 171 with treat that electrostatic sheet 1 ' contacts, first automatically controlled 171-1 differs 120 ° with second automatically controlled 171-2, second automatically controlled 171-2 differs 120 ° with three automatically controlled 171-3, and three automatically controlled 171-3 differs 120 ° with first automatically controlled 171-1; When intake and exhaust electric control axle 17 turn clockwise 120 ° time, the projection of second automatically controlled 171-2 with treat that electrostatic sheet 2 ' contacts, the intake valve of cylinder 2# is opened and is entered pressurized air, as shown in Figure 11 B; When intake and exhaust electric control axle 17 turn clockwise again 120 ° time, the projection of three automatically controlled 171-3 with treat that electrostatic sheet 3 ' contacts, the intake valve of cylinder 3# is opened and is entered pressurized air, as shown in Figure 11 C.
Describe intake and exhaust control system in detail in conjunction with Figure 12 now.The effect of intake and exhaust control system is the opening sequence of the command signal Controlling solenoid valve according to electronic control unit.Because solenoid valve has decompression, it combines just define series flow control valve with decompression pressure regulator valve, thus can by the adjustment of rotational speed of motor in a suitable scope.Engine body is optionally provided with multiple sensors, the temperature transducer of the velocity transducer such as measuring engine speed, the throttle potentiometer judging accelerator pedal position, measurement engine temperature.
The opening and closing treating electrostatic sheet 1 ' control cylinder 1# in Figure 12; Treat the opening and closing of electrostatic sheet 2 ' control cylinder 2#; Treat the opening and closing of electrostatic sheet 3 ' control cylinder 3#; Treat the opening and closing of electrostatic sheet 4 ' control cylinder 4#; Treat the opening and closing of electrostatic sheet 5 ' control cylinder 5#; Treat the opening and closing of electrostatic sheet 6 ' control cylinder 6#.
This control mechanism driven by storage battery, storage battery and the connector lug 110(on wire board 19 are as Fig. 9 C) be connected, its negative pole is connected with and dynamic controls distributor tablet 14 ', dynamicly control distributor tablet 25 ', dynamicly control distributor tablet 36 ', positive pole with rotate forward distributor B, reverse distributor A and be connected; Intake and exhaust electric control axle 17 peripheral hardware of engine body 1 needs electrostatic sheet group.Described storage battery and rotate forward distributor B, reverse between distributor A and be provided with main switch.Rotate forward distributor B to open when engine body 1 steadily rotates forward, with corresponding, distributor tablet treats that electrostatic sheet contacts, this cylinder enters pressurized air, and bent axle 20 rotates; Reverse distributor A to open when engine body 1 steadily reverses, with corresponding, distributor tablet treats that electrostatic sheet contacts, this cylinder enters pressurized air, and bent axle 20 rotates; When climbing or need to strengthen power, main switch is opened, with corresponding, distributor tablet treats that electrostatic sheet contacts, this cylinder enters pressurized air, connecting rod 30 promotes bent axle 20 and rotates, and with corresponding, the distributor tablet of another cylinder treats that electrostatic sheet contacts simultaneously, and the connecting rod 30 of this cylinder pulls bent axle 20 to rotate.
Dynamic control distributor tablet 14 ' in this control mechanism with treat electrostatic sheet 1 ', treat that electrostatic sheet 4 ' is corresponding; Move and control distributor tablet 25 ' and treat electrostatic sheet 2 ', treat that electrostatic sheet 5 ' is corresponding; Transfer controls electric sheet 36 ' and treats electrostatic sheet 3 ', treats that electrostatic sheet 6 ' is corresponding.Treat that electrostatic sheet 1 ' dynamic control distributor tablet 14 ' relative to treating electrostatic sheet 4 ' is in distributing up and down; Treat that electrostatic sheet 2 ' dynamic control distributor tablet 25 ' relative to treating electrostatic sheet 5 ' is in distributing up and down; Treat that electrostatic sheet 3 ' dynamic control distributor tablet 36 ' relative to treating electrostatic sheet 6 ' is in distributing up and down.
Although disclose in detail the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary, be not used for limiting application of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention by appended claims, and can be included in the various modification made for the present invention of pin when not departing from scope and spirit, remodeling and equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. a cylinder for swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine, described swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine comprises: control mechanism, bent axle, connecting rod, cylinder, is provided with compressed air inlet pipe road between gas holder and cylinder; Cylinder is supported by motor back support frame, and together with being connected directly between with cylinder supports block; Cylinder is placed on motor support seat by motor back support frame; Bent axle is placed on motor support seat by engine front support; Piston is built in cylinder, outer surface of piston is circumferentially provided with annular groove, welding piston dead turn in annular groove, described piston friction circle and piston coaxial are arranged, it is characterized in that: piston friction circle is made up of Cu-Si alloy, described Cu-Si alloy comprises the element silicon of 3.5-4.5% weight and is not less than the Cu element of 95% weight, and surplus is impurity element, described impurity element comprises C element, and the mass fraction of C element in Cu-Si alloy is 0.015%-0.03%; The casing wall of described cylinder scribbles the coating of one deck seal lubrication, and described coating is carbon nano-tube composite anti-wear coating.
2. the cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described outer surface of piston is circumferentially provided with the second annular groove, welding piston dead turn in described second annular groove, described piston friction circle and piston coaxial are arranged; Piston friction circle is made up of described Cu-Si alloy, described Cu-Si alloy comprises the element silicon of 3.5-4.5% weight and is not less than the Cu element of 95% weight, surplus is impurity element, described impurity element comprises C element, the mass fraction of C element in Cu-Si alloy is 0.015%-0.03%, and described piston friction circle surface has carbon nano-tube composite anti-wear coating.
3. the cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described compressed air inlet pipe road (70) is provided with 6 air outlets, communicates respectively with the inlet hole (51) on 6 cylinders (50); Described compressed air inlet pipe road (70) is arranged on the end of motor support seat (41).
4. the cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described motor back support frame (60) is made up of cylinder supports block (61), swinging supporter axle (62), otic placode (64), is provided with bearing (63) in cylinder supports block (61).
5. the cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described bearing (63) is ball bearing.
6. the cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: one end of described bent axle (20) is connected with control mechanism (10), and the other end is provided with handwheel (21).
7. the cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: described handwheel (21) is that round-meshed plectane is opened in an inside, it is linked together by welding manner and bent axle (20).
8. the cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described control mechanism (10) comprises to be treated electrostatic sheet (11), baffle plate (13), treat that electrostatic sheet is placed plate (17), dynamicly controlled distributor tablet (16), the dynamic distributor tablet that controls places plate (14), distributor tablet (15).
9. the cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: time between described connecting rod (30) and motor support seat (41) in 8 ° of tilt angle, cylinder piston (122) moves to top dead center.
10. the cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: time between described connecting rod (30) and motor support seat (41) in 2 ° of tilt angle, cylinder piston (122) moves to lower dead center.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310027225.1A CN103206533B (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-01-25 | The cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine and piston |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310027225.1A CN103206533B (en) | 2013-01-25 | 2013-01-25 | The cylinder of swing type variable multi-cylinder aerodynamic engine and piston |
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| CN103206533A CN103206533A (en) | 2013-07-17 |
| CN103206533B true CN103206533B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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| US2604079A (en) * | 1945-05-07 | 1952-07-22 | William A Ray | Heat engine having an electrically actuated valve mechanism |
| US4679490A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1987-07-14 | Russin Leonid P | Oscillator reciprocation control system for piston motor |
| CN2174594Y (en) * | 1992-10-27 | 1994-08-17 | 崔传怀 | Closed piston structure |
| CN1366591A (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2002-08-28 | 阿尔斯托姆公司 | Cam assembly arrangement on common power shaft |
| CN1653246A (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2005-08-10 | 水力工业泰纳特有限公司 | Method and apparatus for the production of mechanical power from hydraulic energy |
| CN101338429A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 河北理工大学 | Metallic surface modification process |
| CN202149201U (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2012-02-22 | 泸州华西机械有限责任公司 | Piston-cylinder unit |
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2604079A (en) * | 1945-05-07 | 1952-07-22 | William A Ray | Heat engine having an electrically actuated valve mechanism |
| US4679490A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1987-07-14 | Russin Leonid P | Oscillator reciprocation control system for piston motor |
| CN2174594Y (en) * | 1992-10-27 | 1994-08-17 | 崔传怀 | Closed piston structure |
| CN1366591A (en) * | 2000-04-04 | 2002-08-28 | 阿尔斯托姆公司 | Cam assembly arrangement on common power shaft |
| CN1653246A (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2005-08-10 | 水力工业泰纳特有限公司 | Method and apparatus for the production of mechanical power from hydraulic energy |
| CN101338429A (en) * | 2008-08-08 | 2009-01-07 | 河北理工大学 | Metallic surface modification process |
| CN202149201U (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2012-02-22 | 泸州华西机械有限责任公司 | Piston-cylinder unit |
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| CN103206533A (en) | 2013-07-17 |
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