CN103205968A - Monitor for spraying pressurized fluid mixture to be solidified into underground - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a monitor (10) for spraying a pressurized fluid mixture to be solidified into the underground. The monitor comprises an external cylindrical body (12), at least one upper inlet (16) for fluid, at least one outlet nozzle (11) and at least one spiral pipeline (13) with a spiral central line (m). The upper inlet (16) is connected to the nozzle (11) through a pipeline, and the fluid passing by the pipeline is driven to do spiral movement around the longitudinal axis (Z) of the external body (12) and toward the nozzle (11). The spiral pipeline (13) is gradually thinned along a direction towards the nozzle (11), and the terminal length of the spiral pipeline is also gradually thinned; and when the monitor is seen from a cross section plane (P) which is parallel to the longitudinal axis (Z) and tangential to the spiral central line, and a cross section plane which is vertical to the longitudinal axis (Z), the terminal length is rounded to the nozzle in a thinning mode.

Description

Be used for to treat that fixed pressure fluid mixture is ejected into underground injector head

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of underground to form the efficient injector head of consolidated soil part for treating that fixed pressure fluid mixture is ejected into.

Background technology

Use is called as the technology of " jet grouting " at the column structure of the artificial conglomerate of underground formation (conglomerate).These technology all are based on the particle of soil self and mixing of adhesive, be commonly referred to cement admixture, this mixture sprays by the nozzle of small diameter that is formed in the injector head (being commonly called " hydraulic giant (monitor) ") under condition of high voltage usually, described injector head is fixed near the lower end of a string tubular rod, and tubular rod rotates towards ground and recalls.In the bottom of this boom, below hydraulic giant, boring tool is arranged fixedly, in the excavation stage, boring tool is lubricated by the drilling fluid of described bar supply, and in this case, described bar plays the effect of pipeline.

The jet of adhesive disperseed and with on every side soil with mix, thereby form the conglomerate piece that is generally cylindrical shape, this conglomerate piece forms fixed soil region when sclerosis.

The most frequently used bar string has heavy in section pipeline in ground department at present, and the mixture of water and cement is supplied to the hydraulic giant zone that has nozzle by this pipeline.Nozzle is contained in the hole of radial directed, that is, and and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of hydraulic giant.From the hydrodynamics angle, this structure has reduced the friction loss along the path, because if the end of fluid no show hydraulic giant, flow rate of fluid will be lower.In case fluid arrives this zone, liquid stream will irrelevantly depart from the zone of nozzle mutually, and also can form with the strong turbulence in the zone that liquid stream departs from simultaneously is the irregular freely-movable of feature.This causes producing the high water head loss near the outlet of nozzle, this is that namely, the velocity of the individual particle of material flows out towards the main shaft direction according to each nozzle because turbulent flow stops liquid stream with the orderly fashion mass flowing nozzle.

Fluid is the reason of a large amount of head loss from hydraulic giant inside to process external, therefore, is to be understood that described process has not just increased power consumption, but also has reduced the diameter of the pillars of processed material.Therefore, limiting the demand of the head loss that produces in the hydraulic giant in exist.

Patent documentation discloses the various hydraulic giants that are used for jet grouting department, have a plurality of conduits in hydraulic giant inside, described a plurality of conduit twists according to the layout of multi-spiral geometry, and these passages can guided liquid-flow entrance from the entrance screw of hydraulic giant to associated nozzles.JP-A-2008285811 has provided an example.Such multi-spiral geometry can not guarantee for normally used structure (namely in essence, the free-moving structure of turbulization) has maximum improvement at aspect of performance, unless for the basic parameter of the correct mark of said structure be determine and the entrance and exit zone of jet made amendment so that maximizing efficiency.

This patent documentation has also been described other hydraulic giant with one or more crooked pipelines, these crooked pipelines are used for fluid mixture is departed from, fluid mixture is carried towards side nozzle from trunk line, followed the path that direction gradually changes, thereby reduce turbulent flow and concentrated head loss.US-5228809 discloses a kind of pipeline with constant cross-section and regular curvature.EP-1396585 discloses the pipeline of the variable curvature that progressively attenuates.Yet, be used for the diameter that fluid mixture is transported to the pipeline of nozzle along whole final entrance length is depended on needs to the balance of two kinds of opposite requirements: the first, external dimensions (less relatively and big or small for about about 100mm usually) that must the restriction hydraulic giant; The second, expectation provides possible optimal curvatures radius to pipeline.In other words, these systems provide a length, and this length has appreciable length and the diameter that dwindles, and can compare with the length of the outlet of nozzle.Therefore, the advantage that stems from the concentrated loss that reduces is subjected to the restriction of the following fact: fluid has very high speed in final lengths, very high synthetic friction loss.In addition, the existence of pipeline, bending and rounding (radius) the is complicated widely general frame of hydraulic giant, make assembling, maintenance and demounting procedure complexity many.

Summary of the invention

Main purpose of the present invention provides a kind of hydraulic giant or injector head, this injector head is in the efficient that has maximum possible aspect (penetrative capacity) ability that penetrates of the jet that leaves hydraulic giant, more precisely, obtain bigger crushing effect at pending soil, and power consumption remains unchanged.

This purpose and other purpose and advantage will obtain from content hereinafter to understand more fully, and obtain by injector head or the hydraulic giant with feature listed in the claims according to the present invention.In brief, injector head comprises the Outer cylindrical body, and has: at least one fluid upper entrance, at least one outlet side nozzle and at least one helical pipe with helical centre.This pipeline is connected to nozzle with upper entrance, and to the fluid transmission of this pipeline of flowing through around the longitudinal axis of outer body and towards the screw of nozzle.This helical pipe is tapered towards nozzle, and the terminal length that comprises pipeline, when seeing from the sectional plane that is parallel to longitudinal axis and is tangential on helical centre, and when when seeing perpendicular to the sectional plane of longitudinal axis, this terminal length is rounded to nozzle in the mode that attenuates.

Description of drawings

Now with reference to accompanying drawing preferred non-limiting embodiment of the present invention is described, in the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1, Figure 1A and Fig. 2 are the graphical representation of exemplary that the geometric shape of helix is shown;

Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of two contraction pipelines;

Fig. 4 is the perspective schematic view of cutting form according to the part of an embodiment of injector head of the present invention or hydraulic giant open;

Fig. 5 is the schematic plan view of the magnification ratio a little of hydraulic giant shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 6 is the longitudinal cross-sectional view that is incorporated into the spiral body in the hydraulic giant shown in Figure 4;

Fig. 7 is the viewgraph of cross-section of the line VII-VII in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the elevational perspective view of the parts shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is the view of the magnification ratio of details shown in Fig. 6;

Figure 10 A to Figure 10 C is applied to the same parts of the spiral body shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 8 at the phantom drawing of different angles;

Figure 11 and Figure 12 are the schematic diagrames of planar development that the example of the helical pipe in the hydraulic giant is shown;

Figure 13 and Figure 14 are the phantom drawings of two kinds of different embodiments that is positioned at the spiral body of hydraulic giant.

The specific embodiment

Before the detailed description that provides preferred embodiment of the present invention, the relevant criterion that the statement of hereinafter content is carried out in order to realize the present invention, and these standards are all based on seeking the jet efficient of maximum.In this respect, energy spectrometer is carried out in the motion of fluid flow in hydraulic giant, analyzes head loss.Consider the condition that the framework of hydraulic giant utilizes, from these are analyzed, embody following content:

The entrance of-liquid stream is substantially perpendicular to or is parallel to the axis of hydraulic giant;

The outlet of-liquid stream is with respect to the axis of hydraulic giant quadrature basically; And

Have central tube in the-hydraulic giant, this central tube be from the cooling fluid of the head of bar freely leave passage,

For the efficient (or minimum head loss) that obtains maximum possible, the path that fluid must be taked in hydraulic giant is spiral path.Therefore, in fact, the direction that continues to depart from liquid stream is possible, and the cross section and the hydraulic diameter that continue to change pipeline also be possible, and this has just determined spiral path.In this article, " path " refers to the geometric position of each point, and the center of cross section of the pipeline of the fluid stream in the hydraulic giant has been determined to be orthogonal in this geometric position.In other words, this path overlaps with center (spiral) line of pipeline, as what describe in detail hereinafter.Obviously, not all spiral path can both bring about the desired effect aspect the minimization of loss making.For this reason, that is, because the head loss minimum that causes by hydraulic giant itself, have been found that best spiral path that fluid must take by five minimum conditions of loss are determined in order to make, as mentioned below.

With reference to Fig. 1, the formula of general spiral path is determined by following component:

x＝r(θ)cosθ

y＝r(θ)sinθ

z＝h(θ)，

Wherein, r (θ) and h (θ) are the functions of angle θ, and this angle can be at numerical value θ ₁(entrance of hydraulic giant) and θ ₂Change in the scope between (angle value at outlet nozzle place).

Make first minimum condition of lossThe radius r that is spiral path keeps constant ideally.In some cases, for design reasons, this is impossible; But, above-mentioned radius must be between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant linear change.At random setting wherein angle θ, to be positioned at zero (be θ ₁The lower limit of scope=0) means that the variable that needs are determined will be substituted by θ ₂, or the mode to be equal to is the height H of hydraulic giant, this highly is understood that the distance on the axis of the hydraulic giant between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant itself.About function h (θ), under the situation of the helix that waits pitch (referring to Fig. 2), will there be following relation:

Pitch P=z (θ=2 π)=h 2 π (wherein, h is the constant value greater than zero)

tgα＝h/r

z＝hθ＝r?tgαθ

In fact, the condition of pitch such as checking not in the example shown in herein, this is because the angle [alpha] that is present in the entrance (90 ° of α ≈) of hydraulic giant and exports the spiral path between (0 ° of α ≈) has variation.

Make second minimum condition of lossAs follows: the function of the variation of the angle [alpha] of the spiral path between the entrance and exit of expression hydraulic giant must be linear; In other words, expression has the constant derivative along the function of the variation of the angle [alpha] of the helix in path.

The angle [alpha] of entrance can not be set equal to 90 °, because the infinity of derivative (infinite) value is corresponding to this angle value.Therefore, must carry out rounding to the entrance of hydraulic giant, thereby make almost vertical direction of liquid stream deflection, this is vertical direction and strict vertical direction phase residual quantity Δ almost, thus make the loss minimum ( Make the 3rd minimum condition of loss).By way of example, the value of knowing from document for the conical entrance of less concentrated loss is the value that the radius angle delta equals 20 °, 20 ° equal the actual entry that the fluid intake (starting point in path) of 70 ° (namely 90 °-20 °) is located corresponding to the α value, and this produces less concentrated head loss.If the function derivative of the variation of the angle [alpha] of description spiral path is constant with respect to θ, then consider the constraints at place, end, conclude that this function will be linear, i.e. the function of following type:

α＝a+bθ＝(π/2-Δ)(1-θ/θ ₂)

In this, infer that the contact between the tangent of z and α is necessary.Because the changeability of α of itself along the path, in the each point place of spiral path difference, this increment can be provided by following formula as the increase of function dz of θ:

dz＝r?tgαdθ

Thus, by integration, obtain the z value that is associated with each θ value:

z＝∫r?tgαdθ＝-r/b[ln|cosα|-ln|cos?a|]

Set up a plurality of decisive relation that is used for determining optimal path according to known formula, be used for calculating the head loss of the fluid that moves at pipeline and being plotted in technical literature; Especially, with reference to following relation: (or hydraulic diameter square) variation that this relation is present in the cross section with concentrate between the corresponding coefficient of losing with respect to unexpected changes of section.

Observe, owing to be present in the variation in cross section between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant (or hydraulic diameter square), the expression hydraulic giant entrance and exit between the cross section the function S that reduces (or the expression hydraulic diameter square the function D that reduces) must be linear, that is, and have the constant derivative ( Make The 4th condition that loss is minimum).

Further observed result is obtained from shrinking the research of ducted head loss.If the hydraulic diameter at the entrance and exit place of hydraulic giant is known, the linear expansion in path shows so, according to the therefore value of the opening half-angle of the contraction pipeline of design, the path that might obtain to lack very much (L1 among Fig. 3), this very short path causes the bigger concentrated loss that causes because of unexpected changes of section, perhaps very long path (L2 among Fig. 3), on the contrary, this very long path causes the bigger friction loss that causes because of the friction on the wall, but concentrates loss less for the angle δ of suitable degree.

Learn from technical literature, become quite little in order to make head loss, the tapered best half-angle δ of pipeline must keep being comprised between 5 ° to 15 °; Therefore, restriction can change length L the value scope be possible, this scope provided the path optimized basically ( Make and lose minimum the 5th Condition).

When the design hydraulic giant, first selects to relate to the maximum permissible value (that is, 15 °) of cone angle δ, in order to realize the shortest feasible path under the situation that does not produce sizable concentrated loss.By rule of thumb, the feasibility that elects will be verified, because can verify the intermediate cross-section between the channel cross-section of the pipeline between the continuous pitch of helicoid, and can detect the thickness between the channel cross-section of the pipeline between the continuous pitch of helicoid, this thickness is less than minimum thickness, and this thickness is the function of the operating pressure of the fluid that moves in hydraulic giant.Therefore, it is necessary adopting the method for iteration type, and this method is determined the maximum value of the δ that adheres to specification.

Five conditions above explaining are enough to determine the formula of helicoid with analyzing, make head loss minimum in the hydraulic giant.To pipeline " structures ", should be appreciated that the pointwise of the analog value of path upper channel section area used to mean the cross section that is orientated at each some place in the path of the helicoid of quadrature with it after the analysis in the path of helicoid determined.

Therefore, the formula of (in the above-mentioned understanding) optimal path is determined by following relational expression:

(1)x＝r?cosθ

(2)y＝r?sinθ

(3)z＝-r/b[ln|cosα|-ln|cosa|]

(4)θ

[0；θ ₂]

(5)r＝cost

(6)α＝(π/2-Δ)(1-θ/θ ₂)

(7)a＝π/2-Δ

(8)b＝-(π/2-Δ)/θ ₂

(9)L＝∫(dx ²+dy ²+dz ²) ^0.5＝(D ₁-D ₂)/[2tgδ]

If entrance section S1, hydraulic diameter D1 and radius r (in fact they are corresponding to the reference configuration variable) are known, the value of setup parameter Δ and δ is necessary so.Especially, being chosen in when calculating end for the first time of angle δ verified, and may be needed iterative process.In case determined these conditions, just can derive as hydraulic diameter D ₂The disappearance variable (missing variable) of function, described hydraulic diameter in fact will be consistent with the actual diameter of nozzle.In fact, to D ₂Determine to be equal to the value of determining the length L of helix by formula (9).θ ₂Value again by (9) formula from the parsing of definite integral is obtained.Can rebuild the path of helix from formula (1), (2) and (3).

In sum, therefore:

The area of-channel cross-section reduces linearly, perhaps has constant gradient;

Square reducing linearly of the hydraulic diameter of-channel cross-section perhaps has constant gradient;

If the hydraulic diameter D of-known entrance ₁Hydraulic diameter D with the exit ₂, determined the length in path so;

The radius of the helix in-restriction path is preferably constant; If for design reasons, constant is impossible, and so described radius must change between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant linearly;

The variation of the inclination alpha of the helix in-restriction path is linear, represents that perhaps α must have constant gradient with respect to the function of the variation of θ; The entrance of hydraulic giant has the radius of constant cross-section, wherein introduces liquid stream with respect to offset from vertical amount Δ (between 5 ° and 30 °, for example 20 °);

The pitch of the helix in-restriction path reduces between the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant;

-pipeline makes along the roughly axial direction of hydraulic giant and arrives the liquid stream of the hydraulic giant that has entrance and the liquid stream that leaves along the general radial direction of the hydraulic giant of the entrance that has nozzle is corners (radius), and corners is interpreted as in the cross section or direction does not have the average guiding that changes suddenly.

Referring now to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, injector head or hydraulic giant integral body are denoted as 10.Hydraulic giant comprises lining or the outer sleeve 12 of cylindrical tube shape, and this sleeve has exterior cylindrical surfaces 15a and interior cylindrical surface 15b.Hydraulic giant is used for carrying by one or more side nozzles 11 treats the pressurized fluidic of fixed fluid mixture (typically being concrete mix), so that the soil around broken and make it fixed.The upper end of hydraulic giant can be connected to a string tubular rod (not shown) in mode known per se, so that vertically mobile hydraulic giant is also around central longitudinal axis z rotation hydraulic giant.In this specification and the appended claims, term and the statement of expression position and direction, for example " vertically ", " laterally ", " radially ", " top " and " bottom " should be understood to about central axis z and about the use state of axis z perpendicular.

The hydraulic giant top is provided with entrance 16, introduces the fixed pressurised mixt for the treatment of that is transported to the side injection nozzle by this entrance.Two side nozzles 11 in Fig. 4 and the example shown in Figure 5 are oriented in the plane of substantial horizontal (namely being substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis Z of hydraulic giant), thereby along the corresponding outlet of the direction guiding jet that does not pass through axis Z.Statement " substantial horizontal " means nozzle and is oriented in respect to perpendicular to the downward-sloping a little direction in the plane of axis Z, for example and form the direction of the angle of scope between 0 ° to 15 ° fully perpendicular to the plane of axis Z.Nozzle 11 is positioned near the lower end of hydraulic giant, and be connected to upper entrance 16 communicatively by corresponding helical pipe 13 fluids, described helical pipe transmits tangential component to the fluid that is positioned at entrance 16, and this tangential component makes liquid stream around the central longitudinal axis z rotation of hydraulic giant.In other words, the motion that passes to fluid is screw type.The motion of fluid is laterally guided by the interior cylindrical surface 15b of sleeve 12 and limits.The spiral-shaped of every pipeline 13 limited by a pair of helical surface of facing, namely go up helical surface 14a and following helical surface 14b, two helical surface all form (Fig. 8) by rigidity spiral body 17, this spiral body is preferably metal material, is temporarily fixed at least in the chamber or interior cylindrical surface 15b of sleeve 12.In preferred embodiment, helical surface 14a, 14b are " groove " helicoids that the screw by straight line forms.Mark 19 expression central tubular core bodys, this core body are formed by described spiral body 17 and have exterior cylindrical surfaces 20 and an axial centre chamber 21, and this chamber is suitable for allowing that lubricating fluid is by so that the lubricated apex point (not shown) that is installed in below the hydraulic giant.In this example, the cross section of pipeline 13 is rectangles, and is by helical surface 14a restriction, by helical surface 14b restriction, outside by cylindrical surface 15b restriction and inner by cylindrical surface 20 restrictions in the bottom at the top.Yet the present invention is not intended to only limit to the pipeline of square-section; The pipeline of different cross section also is feasible, for example, and the cross section that circular cross-section or radius are different.The body 17 that illustrates respectively among Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is preferably processed by solid material by lathe, thereby obtains spiral channel, and described helical duct limits the pipeline of hydraulic giant with the inner surface of sleeve 12.

In the embodiment that all that describe and illustrate are different, helical pipe 13 is tapered towards corresponding nozzle 11 herein, and comprises the have helical centre m terminal length of pipeline of (Figure 11 and Figure 12); When from the sectional plane (among Fig. 1 and Figure 1A, schematically marking with P) that is parallel to longitudinal axis and is tangential on helical centre m when seeing described length, and when from transverse to or when seeing terminal length perpendicular to the sectional plane of axis Z, described terminal length is rounded to nozzle in the mode that attenuates.

Spiral-shaped about pipeline 13, the fluid that is arranged in hydraulic giant is followed fixing spiral path, and can not be subjected to the influence that track changes suddenly, thereby the formation of turbulent flow or irregular component motion are minimized, and has reduced energy consumption simultaneously.Along pipeline, can be used for making the area in the cross section that fluid passes through to reduce linearly, perhaps have constant gradient; More specifically, as mentioned above, square reducing linearly of the hydraulic diameter of channel cross-section namely, has constant gradient, up to the zone of nozzle 11.The radius that limits the helix in pipeline 13 paths keeps constant basically, and the inclination alpha of same helix reduces linearly along the nozzle direction; In other words, the pitch of the helix in restriction path reduces linearly towards discharge nozzle.

Compare with traditional hydraulic giant of discussing in the preface part of this manual, under equal flow velocity and pressure, have obviously littler head loss or minimum possible loss according to the more heavy in section of hydraulic giant of the present invention, and have given helical geometry.As everyone knows, under the situation of incompressible fluid, 5 powers of the lateral dimension of friction loss and pipeline are inversely proportional to.Therefore, arrive the hydraulic giant nozzle place than the more high-octane jet of traditional hydraulic giant.As a result, the effect of jet grouting is more effective, because under situation about using with constant power, will obtain column consolidated soil with larger diameter.

In order to obtain sharpest edges at aspect of performance, nozzle is according to tangent line or secant and the edge direction orientation consistent with the direction of advance of fluid of the exterior cylindrical surfaces of hydraulic giant, as being schematically shown among Fig. 5.The quantity of nozzle, type and can change as requested with respect to the inclination angle of the one or more horizontal planes plane of the longitudinal axis of hydraulic giant (or perpendicular to).In the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, leave the jet orientation of fluid of nozzle 11 on the rightabout of two parallel lines.

The ability that hydraulic giant keeps all fluid stream to flock together till outlet nozzle has reduced the turbulent flow in the terminal part significantly; This factor is compared with traditional hydraulic giant together with the clean minimizing of the friction loss that distributes, and helps to improve the performance of hydraulic giant and makes the hydraulic efficiency maximization.

Each side nozzle 11 comprises insert 18, and this insert is made by high-abrasive material and had an inner funnel shape passage.

Have at helical pipe 13 under the situation of polygonal cross-section, rectangular duct shown in Fig. 4 in the example, usually near the terminal length of nozzle that has circular cross-section comprises deflector 25 (Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8), be illustrated in respectively among Figure 10 A-C, this deflector provides the progressive passage from the polygonal cross-section to the circular cross-section, to avoid local head loss.Element 25 forms polygon ingate and round exit.Advantageously, these elements 25 can be made by the high-abrasive material of the insert 18 that is similar to nozzle, yet because the speed of the fluid in this length is higher, therefore, souring is more obvious.In example shown in Figure 8, deflector 25 is fixed by welding on the structure 15b.Mode as an alternative, hydraulic giant can or utilize similar technology to obtain by hot investment casting or electric corrosion-tank finishing process as a whole, and therefore, element 25 can form the single component with helical surface.Half-angle δ in the entrance of corners element 25 is also between 5 ° to 15 °.

Mark 24 expression potted components, described potted component prevents the leakage between helical pipe and the jet expansion.In fact, because very high pressure, if exist simple bump or simple machinery to cooperate, jetting stream can still not be limited in the pipeline so.When inside spin body 17 was inserted sleeve 12 inside, this situation also can occur between the inside spin body 17.In this case, potted component can not be inserted between the cylindrical edge 14c that engages two helical surface (upper surface 14a and soffit 14b), and the liquid stream of blasting materials may from last pitch of the laps pitch leak into down the pitch of the laps pitch (yet, this phenomenon only occurs in the initial pumping stage, and this moment, hydraulic giant was not full of and fully supercharging fully).Yet, in this assembling form of finishing, must guarantee to exist between the 15b of inner cavity chamber of inside spin body 17 and sleeve 12 sealing.For this reason, at least one pair of packing ring 26 is inserted in the above and below of nozzle, and guarantees that fluid is sealed in the pipeline.Do not having under the situation of these pads, blasting materials may leak and overflow, and the surperficial 15b that nuzzles up causes liquid loss and the problem of pressure loss aspect and the inefficiency relevant with the final scouring capability of jet.

In addition, can be clear that more from Fig. 7 that equally the thickness by the insert 18 of wear-resisting and replaceable material realization means, suitably make the outermost radial outside surface of pipeline 13 be rounded to the entrance of formed tapered channel in the insert 18.In other words, the interior cylindrical surface 15b of sleeve 12 must be rounded to the entrance of insert 18.Deflector 25 can make the ambient fluid stream of abutment surface 15b depart from step by step, the zone towards close a little center, and basically along the chord line that passes nozzle-axis.Deflector 25 has the exterior cylindrical surfaces 25b of surperficial 15b that can contact sleeve 12 and is used for making and flows to the cambered inner surface 25a that departs from.The thickness of deflector increases gradually, and by this way, in the entrance of insert 18, cambered inner surface 25a originates in thin end 25c and ends at thick end 25d, and thin end is more close upstream in pipeline 13, more close downstream, thick end.The edge of deflector can present be used to the inclined-plane 25e that is soldered to surperficial 15b.Deflector 25 is suitably made by high-abrasive material, for example Wei Diya carbide alloy (Widia) or tungsten carbide or agglomerated material or other material.

Figure 11 and Figure 12 show the expanded view of vertical cross-section in vertical plane of two examples of helical pipe 13; M represents the center line of helical pipe 13.Abscissa marks the value of measuring from the angle of angle value zero beginning in horizontal plane, the central axis Z of described angle value null representation by hydraulic giant and the vertical plane by lower point, and helical pipe 13 ends in the insert 18 at this lower point place.

Should be appreciated that to the invention is not restricted to the embodiment describing and illustrate herein, these embodiments are regarded as the illustrative embodiments of hydraulic giant; On the contrary, can the details of the form of parts and layout, structure with and operating aspect the present invention is modified.For example, can there be one or more nozzles in the terminal length that is positioned at every helical pipe on same horizontal plane or the different level.In addition, the application for two-fluid jet (for example air-grouting or water-grouting) provides the space outerpace that is suitable for air (or water) is supplied to the outlet of nozzle, as what use with traditional hydraulic giant at present.In addition, these pipe specials are used in and wherein insert instrument or cable, are intended to the information transmission (transfer of data) from the instrument to the outside, and vice versa.At last, can form two or more such hydraulic giants (single fluid hydraulic giant and two-fluid hydraulic giant), to carry out three fluid jet grouting treatment.

About the shape of helical pipe, mention that this depends on design condition, and these technology suitably depend on the quantity of the hydraulic giant of producing more or less.Therefore, can be from described shape, this shape is to have the roughly single member realization of polygon cross section, member at limited quantity, to the shape that obtains by casting or electric etch, wherein pipeline can be realized with the shape of the theoretical shape of more approaching the best, in the abundant corners of the entrance and exit of hydraulic giant.

Claims (13)

1. one kind is used for treating that fixed pressure fluid mixture is ejected into underground injector head (10), and to form the consolidated soil part, described injector head comprises:

Outer cylindrical body (12), described Outer cylindrical body limits a central longitudinal axis (Z);

At least one upper entrance (16) is used for receiving the fluid from a string tubular rod that is installed in described injector head top;

At least one outlet side nozzle (11) is arranged in the plane that is substantially perpendicular to described longitudinal axis (Z), or along with respect to extending perpendicular to the downward-sloping a little direction in the plane of axis (Z);

At least one helical pipe (13), limit a helical centre line (m), described pipeline (13) is connected to described nozzle (11) with described upper entrance (16), thus to the fluid transmission of the described helical pipe of flowing through around described longitudinal axis (Z) and towards the screw of described nozzle (11)

It is characterized in that, described helical pipe (13) is tapered towards described nozzle (11), and the terminal length that comprises described pipeline, when from the sectional plane (P) that is parallel to described longitudinal axis (Z) and is tangential on described helical centre when seeing, and when when seeing perpendicular to the sectional plane of described axis (Z), described terminal length is rounded to described nozzle in the mode that attenuates.

2. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described helical pipe (13) is rounded to described upper entrance (16), make that in that rounding zone described longitudinal axis (Z) is no more than 30 ° acute angle with the straight line formation of the center convolution line (m) that is tangential on described pipeline (13).

3. injector head according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

A) radius of described helix (r) substantial constant, perhaps the outlet from described entrance (16) to described nozzle (11) increases linearly or reduces linearly;

B) outlet from described entrance (16) to described nozzle (11) of described screw pitch or described helical angle (α) stably reduces; And

C) outlet of section area from described entrance (16) to described nozzle (11) perpendicular to described center line (m) of described pipeline (13) reduces linearly.

4. injector head according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the scope of the helical angle (α) that described entrance (16) is located between about 60 ° to about 90 °, and is preferably about 70 °.

5. injector head according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the tapered half-angle of described helical pipe (13) (δ) is comprised between about 5 ° to about 15 °.

6. injector head according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described at least one helical pipe (13) limits in the following way:

Internally or towards described longitudinal axis (Z), limited by the cylindrical surface (20) of central tubular core body (19), described central tubular core body has the axial centre chamber (21) for the passage of fluid, and

Externally or peripherally, interior cylindrical surface (15b) by described outer body (12) limits, rigid body (17) is fixedly arranged in the described outer body, described rigid body forms at least one spiral channel, described spiral channel provides a pair of helical surface of facing, and described helical surface is last helical surface (14a) and following helical surface (14b).

7. injector head according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

Described helical pipe (13) has polygonal cross section, specifically is rectangle;

Relevant nozzle (11) has circular cross-section, and

In described terminal length, described helical pipe (13) is rounded to described nozzle (11) by at least one deflector (25), described deflector (25) limits a polygon entrance, a round exit and intermediate length, in that rounding point, the shape of described polygon entrance is congruent to the shape in the cross section of described pipeline (13), described round exit is congruent to the outlet of described nozzle (11), and described intermediate length carries out the transition to circular cross-section gradually from polygonal cross-section.

8. injector head according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, in described helical pipe (13), positive upstream at described nozzle (11), fixedly have or be formed with deflector (25), described deflector (25) has arcuate surface (25a), described arcuate surface is in the face of the inboard of described pipeline and be suitable for making fluid stream little by little to be offset to the more zone at center from the outer peripheral areas of the peripheral side surface (15b) of contiguous described pipeline (13), in the location at center more, described arcuate surface (25a) be positioned at the entrance that is rounded to described nozzle (11) than the end in downstream equably.

9. according to claim 7 or 8 described injector heads, it is characterized in that described deflector (25) is made by high-abrasive material, for example Wei Diya carbide alloy or tungsten carbide or agglomerated material.

10. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the spiral-shaped of each pipeline (13) limited by a pair of helical surface of facing, described helical surface comprises helical surface (14a) and following helical surface (14b), these two surfaces are all formed by rigidity spiral body (17), and described rigidity spiral body is fixed in the interior cylindrical chamber (15b) of the sleeve that constitutes described Outer cylindrical body (12).

11. injector head according to claim 10 is characterized in that, comprises sealing device (26), described sealing device is plugged between the inner surface (15b) of inside spin body (17) and described sleeve (12).

12. injector head according to claim 10, it is characterized in that, described deflector (25) is made of the rigidity dome element, described rigidity dome element is fixed in the described helical pipe (13), and the exterior cylindrical surfaces (25b) with interior cylindrical surface (15b) of the described sleeve of contact (12), and the thickness of described deflector increases gradually, by this way, make entrance in described nozzle (11), described cambered inner surface (25a) originates in thin end (25c) and ends at thick end (25d), described thin end is more close upstream in described pipeline (13), and more close downstream, described thick end.

13. injector head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described at least one side nozzle (11) is along with respect to extending perpendicular to the downward-sloping a little direction in the plane of described axis (Z), thereby and forms the angle of scope between 0 ° to 15 ° perpendicular to the plane of described axis (Z) fully.

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