CN103205617A - 7003T5 aluminum alloy applied to manufacturing high-speed rail vehicle body and production technology thereof - Google Patents
7003T5 aluminum alloy applied to manufacturing high-speed rail vehicle body and production technology thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 7003T5 aluminum alloy applied to manufacturing high-speed rail vehicle body and production technology thereof; he aluminum alloy comprises, based on the weight percentage, not more than 0.20% of Si, Fe: 0.2%-0.3%, Cu: 0.12%-0.18%, Mn: 0.15%-0.25%, Mg: 0.70%-0.9%, Cr <0.2%, Zn: 5.6%-5.8%, Ti <0.2%, Zr: 0.12%-0.20%, Al: the allowance, the sum of each component is 100%. The production technology steps of aluminum alloy are as follows: burdening, smelting, casting, low magnification inspection and final composition analysis, extrusion molding, on-line quenching, artificial aging and cutting to obtain the finished product. The Vickers hardness value of the 7003T5 aluminum alloy manufactured by the invention is 16Hw or more, which makes the aluminum alloy suitable for manufacturing high-speed railway vehicle body; the high-speed railway vehicle body manufactured by the aluminum alloy has high strength and is corrosion-resistant with lighter vehicle body weight, which can save energy during the traveling process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of 7003T5 aluminium alloy and production technique thereof that is applicable to that the high ferro car body is made, belong to technical field of nonferrous metal processing.
Background technology
High-speed railway, be called for short " high ferro ", refer to the highest operation speed be reached be not less than per hour 200 kilometers by transforming original circuit (linearize, gauge stdn), perhaps build new " high speed ew line " specially, make operation speed reach per hour at least 250 kilometers the railway system.High-speed railway except at train operation reaches the certain speed standard, vehicle, rail, operation all need cooperate to promote, the huge tractive force of high ferro to the intensity of car body materials, reduce windage and aspect such as anticorrosive has all proposed very harsh requirement.
The density of fine aluminium little (ρ=2.7g/cm3), approximately be 1/3 of iron, fusing point low (660 ℃), aluminium is face-centred cubic structure, so have very high plasticity (δ: 32~40%, ψ: 70~90%), be easy to processing, can be made into various section bars, sheet material, corrosion resistance is good.Aluminium alloy density is low but strength ratio is higher, approaches or surpasses the high-quality steel, and plasticity is good, can be processed into various section bars, has good electroconductibility, thermal conductivity and corrosion stability.Aluminium alloy is a most widely used class non-ferrous metal structured material in the industry, along with the develop rapidly of science and technology and industrial economy in recent years, the range of application of aluminium alloy is more and more wider, widely applying in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinofacture, boats and ships and chemical industry, is a kind of Industrial materials that the high ferro car body is produced that are highly suitable for.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of aluminium alloy webster hardness value 〉=16Hw is provided, be applicable to the manufacturing of high ferro car body, the high ferro car body strength height that produces, corrosion-resistant, car body weight saving, 7003T5 aluminium alloy and the production technique thereof that the high ferro car body is made that be applicable to of saving the energy in the process of moving more.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: be applicable to the 7003T5 aluminium alloy that the high ferro car body is made, the aluminium alloy compositions in weight percentage is: Si≤0.20%, Fe:0.2%~0.3%, Cu:0.12%~0.18%, Mn:0.15%~0.25%, Mg:0.70% ~ 0.9%, Cr<0.2%, Zn:5.6%~5.8%, Ti<0.2%, Zr:0.12%~0.20%, Al: surplus, each component sum is 100%.
Be applicable to the 7003T5 aluminium alloy production technique that the high ferro car body is made, it may further comprise the steps:
S1: batching: select for use fine aluminium ingot AL99.70, magnesium ingot and zinc ingot metal (No. 4 zinc content are more than 99.50) to comprise Zr element additive, Fe element additive, Cu element additive and Mn element additive as the element additive of furnace charge starting material, employing, and accurately grasp the chemical ingredients of various materials, according to the batching total amount, food ingredient on request calculates and adds each raw-material usage quantity;
S2: melting: with the aluminium ingot smelting furnace melting of packing into, temperature is controlled at 700~750 ℃, and melting comprises following substep:
S21: when the aluminium ingot fusing stays, sprinkle insulating covering agent protection melt in accordance with regulations;
S22: added elements additive and Zn: after the quite most of fusing of aluminium ingot, evenly add Fe, Cu, Mn and Zr element additive to melt, make it be submerged in melt and stirring, add the Zn ingot subsequently, flooding the Mn piece with melt is advisable, and suitably stir melt, and make that temperature is even in the molten bath everywhere, accelerate fusing;
S23: skim: when furnace charge fully melts, when melt temperature reaches smelting temperature, skim, should measure in accordance with regulations to the melt top layer earlier before skimming and be sprinkled into one deck slagging agent, make oxidation sludge and melt extraction, skim and want steadily thoroughly to scratch clean surperficial slag, prevent that dregs are involved in the melt, take metal as far as possible less out of;
S24: add Mg: the back of skimming adds the Mg ingot to melt, should be sprinkled into insulating covering agent before adding the Mg ingot, and melt temperature control is at 700~730 ℃ when adding the Mg ingot, institute adds the Mg ingot and must be pressed into melt, to prevent from floating over the bath surface oxidizing fire, the limit edged stirs, and is beneficial to rapid fusing;
S25: stir: after melt adds alloying element, and before melt is come out of the stove, fully stir, stirring operation should be steady, do not play big wave; Stir to want thoroughly not stay the dead angle, make melt levels, each regional temperature even, it is consistent that composition reaches;
S26: sampling (on-the-spot sample analysis): through fully stirring, make alloying element dissolving fully, bath composition and temperature evenly after, on-the-spot sample analysis is done in sampling in accordance with regulations, spectroscopic analysis is adopted in on-the-spot sample analysis, selects 7005 alloy analysis programs for use;
S27: adjust composition: by the on-the-spot sample analysis result, if other constituent contents except Zn, Mg, Zr, though do not meet composition requirement of the present invention but do not exceed the standard analysis scope, then can not do the composition adjustment, do not meet composition requirement of the present invention as Zn, Mg, Zr element, can suitably carry out the feed supplement adjustment by calculating;
S28: degasification refining: be carried out in accordance with regulations the degasification refining operation, the time is no less than 15 minutes, and refining temperature is controlled at 720~730 ℃, leaves standstill after the refining degasification;
S3: casting: the melt after the melting is cast, and casting temp is controlled at 700~730 ℃, and casting speed is 80~110mm/min, and cooling water pressure is 0.05~0.08MPa;
S4: low power inspection and ultimate constituent analysis: two casting rods of every casting time extraction, behind every casting excellent crop 50mm, the back-end crop 100mm, respectively get the test piece of 15~20mm thickness at two ends, check macrostructure and grain fineness number, every heat cuts a test specimen and carries out ultimate constituent analysis;
S5: extrusion molding: the casting rod of passed examination is carried out extrusion molding, the control of container temperature is at 430~450 ℃, the mold heated temperature is 460~480 ℃, and casting rod heating constant temperature is 500~510 ℃, and be 3.5~4h heat-up time, after container temperature, mould temperature, excellent temperature meet the requirements, can try extruding, extrusion speed is 5~6m/min, and first material should be gone up at a slow speed and press, treat to be adjusted to suitable extrusion speed after flow of articles goes out nib, guarantee that the control of goods temperature out is in 450~475 ℃ of scopes;
S6: press quenching: under the goods temperature out, adopt air blast cooling or water smoke cold, make goods leave quench zone after temperature be down to below 250 ℃;
S7: artificial aging: adopt twin-stage artificial aging system: fs 95~100 ℃ of insulations 4 hours, 155~160 ℃ of insulations of subordinate phase 6 hours, behind the fs completion of prescription, improve furnace temperature to the subordinate phase specified temperature, the middle intensification is not counted in the timeliness soaking time transit time, check hardness after the artificial aging, webster hardness value 〉=16Hw is qualified;
S8: cutting obtains finished product: sawing length tolerance+0/-1mm, cut gradient≤0.2mm.
Standard analysis scope among the described step S27 is: Si≤0.30%, Fe≤0.36%, Cu≤0.20%, Mn≤0.30%, Mg:0.50% ~ 1.0%, Cr≤0.2%, Zn:5.0%~6.0%, Ti≤0.20%, Zr:0.12%~0.25%, Al: surplus, each component sum is 100%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: a kind of 7003T5 aluminium alloy for the manufacturing of high ferro car body is provided, constituent contents such as Si, Fe, Cu, Mn all are lower than standard analysis in this aluminium alloy, reduced the addition of alloying element on the one hand, reduced raw materials cost, also improved the processing characteristics of alloy on the other hand, reduce the loss of energy consumption and grinding tool, improved production efficiency; The aluminium alloy webster hardness value 〉=16Hw that produces is applicable to the manufacturing of high ferro car body, and the energy is saved in the high ferro car body strength height that produces, corrosion-resistant, car body weight saving in the process of moving more.
Embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the content that the present invention protects is not limited to the following stated.
Embodiment 1: the compositions in weight percentage that is applicable to the 7003T5 aluminium alloy of high ferro car body manufacturing is: Fe:0.25%, Cu:0.15%, Mn:0.20%, Mg:0.9%, Zn:5.75%, Ti:0.182%, Zr:0.18%, Al: surplus, each component sum is 100%.
Be applicable to the 7003T5 aluminium alloy production technique that the high ferro car body is made, it may further comprise the steps:
S1: batching: select for use fine aluminium ingot AL99.70, magnesium ingot and zinc ingot metal (No. 4 zinc content are more than 99.50) to comprise Zr element additive, Fe element additive, Cu element additive and Mn element additive as the element additive of furnace charge starting material, employing, and accurately grasp the chemical ingredients of various materials, according to the batching total amount, food ingredient on request calculates and adds each raw-material usage quantity;
S2: melting: with the aluminium ingot smelting furnace melting of packing into, temperature is controlled at 700~750 ℃, and melting comprises following substep:
S21: when the aluminium ingot fusing stays, sprinkle insulating covering agent protection melt in accordance with regulations;
S22: added elements additive and Zn: after the quite most of fusing of aluminium ingot, evenly add Fe, Cu, Mn and Zr element additive to melt, make it be submerged in melt and stirring, add the Zn ingot subsequently, flooding the Mn piece with melt is advisable, and suitably stir melt, and make that temperature is even in the molten bath everywhere, accelerate fusing;
S23: skim: when furnace charge fully melts, when melt temperature reaches smelting temperature, skim, should measure in accordance with regulations to the melt top layer earlier before skimming and be sprinkled into one deck slagging agent, make oxidation sludge and melt extraction, skim and want steadily thoroughly to scratch clean surperficial slag, prevent that dregs are involved in the melt, take metal as far as possible less out of;
S24: add Mg: the back of skimming adds the Mg ingot to melt, should be sprinkled into insulating covering agent before adding the Mg ingot, and melt temperature control is at 700~730 ℃ when adding the Mg ingot, institute adds the Mg ingot and must be pressed into melt, to prevent from floating over the bath surface oxidizing fire, the limit edged stirs, and is beneficial to rapid fusing;
S25: stir: after melt adds alloying element, and before melt is come out of the stove, fully stir, stirring operation should be steady, do not play big wave; Stir to want thoroughly not stay the dead angle, make melt levels, each regional temperature even, it is consistent that composition reaches;
S26: sampling (on-the-spot sample analysis): through fully stirring, make alloying element dissolving fully, bath composition and temperature evenly after, on-the-spot sample analysis is done in sampling in accordance with regulations, spectroscopic analysis is adopted in on-the-spot sample analysis, selects 7005 alloy analysis programs for use;
S27: adjust composition: by the on-the-spot sample analysis result, if other constituent contents except Zn, Mg, Zr, though do not meet composition requirement of the present invention but do not exceed the standard analysis scope, then can not do the composition adjustment, do not meet composition requirement of the present invention as Zn, Mg, Zr element, can suitably carry out the feed supplement adjustment by calculating;
S28: degasification refining: be carried out in accordance with regulations the degasification refining operation, the time is no less than 15 minutes, and refining temperature is controlled at 720~730 ℃, leaves standstill after the refining degasification;
S3: casting: the melt after the melting is cast, and casting temp is controlled at 700~730 ℃, and casting speed is 80~110mm/min, and cooling water pressure is 0.05~0.08MPa;
S4: low power inspection and ultimate constituent analysis: two casting rods of every casting time extraction, behind every casting excellent crop 50mm, the back-end crop 100mm, respectively get the test piece of 15~20mm thickness at two ends, check macrostructure and grain fineness number, every heat cuts a test specimen and carries out ultimate constituent analysis;
S5: extrusion molding: the casting rod of passed examination is carried out extrusion molding, the control of container temperature is at 430~450 ℃, the mold heated temperature is 460~480 ℃, and casting rod heating constant temperature is 500~510 ℃, and be 3.5~4h heat-up time, after container temperature, mould temperature, excellent temperature meet the requirements, can try extruding, extrusion speed is 5~6m/min, and first material should be gone up at a slow speed and press, treat to be adjusted to suitable extrusion speed after flow of articles goes out nib, guarantee that the control of goods temperature out is in 450~475 ℃ of scopes;
S6: press quenching: under the goods temperature out, adopt air blast cooling or water smoke cold, make goods leave quench zone after temperature be down to below 250 ℃;
S7: artificial aging: adopt twin-stage artificial aging system: fs 95~100 ℃ of insulations 4 hours, 155~160 ℃ of insulations of subordinate phase 6 hours, behind the fs completion of prescription, improve furnace temperature to the subordinate phase specified temperature, the middle intensification is not counted in the timeliness soaking time transit time, check hardness after the artificial aging, webster hardness value 〉=16Hw is qualified;
S8: cutting obtains finished product: sawing length tolerance+0/-1mm, cut gradient≤0.2mm.
Standard analysis scope among the described step S27 is: Si≤0.30%, Fe≤0.36%, Cu≤0.20%, Mn≤0.30%, Mg:0.50% ~ 1.0%, Cr≤0.2%, Zn:5.0%~6.0%, Ti≤0.20%, Zr:0.12%~0.25%, Al: surplus, each component sum is 100%.
Embodiment 2: the compositions in weight percentage that is applicable to the 7003T5 aluminium alloy of high ferro car body manufacturing is: Si:0.20%, Fe:0.2%:, Cu:0.12%, Mn:0.25%, Mg:0.80%, Cr:0.15 %, Zn:5.6%, Ti:0.15%, Zr:0.12%, Al: surplus, each component sum is 100%.
The 7003T5 aluminium alloy production technique that is applicable to the manufacturing of high ferro car body is identical with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3: the compositions in weight percentage that is applicable to the 7003T5 aluminium alloy of high ferro car body manufacturing is: Si:0.15%, Fe:0.3%, Cu:0.18%, Mn:0.15%, Mg:0.70%, Cr:0.1%, Zn:5.8%, Ti:0.1%, Zr:0.20%, Al: surplus, each component sum is 100%.
The 7003T5 aluminium alloy production technique that is applicable to the manufacturing of high ferro car body is identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (3)
1. be applicable to the 7003T5 aluminium alloy that the high ferro car body is made, it is characterized in that: the compositions in weight percentage of aluminium alloy is: Si≤0.20%, Fe:0.2%~0.3%, Cu:0.12%~0.18%, Mn:0.15%~0.25%, Mg:0.70% ~ 0.9%, Cr<0.2%, Zn:5.6%~5.8%, Ti<0.2%, Zr:0.12%~0.20%, Al: surplus, each component sum is 100%.
2. 7003T5 aluminium alloy production technique that is applicable to that the high ferro car body is made as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: it may further comprise the steps:
S1: batching: select for use fine aluminium ingot AL99.70, magnesium ingot and zinc ingot metal (No. 4 zinc content are more than 99.50) to comprise Zr element additive, Fe element additive, Cu element additive and Mn element additive as the element additive of furnace charge starting material, employing, and accurately grasp the chemical ingredients of various materials, according to the batching total amount, food ingredient on request calculates and adds each raw-material usage quantity;
S2: melting: with the aluminium ingot smelting furnace melting of packing into, temperature is controlled at 700~750 ℃, and melting comprises following substep:
S21: when the aluminium ingot fusing stays, sprinkle insulating covering agent protection melt in accordance with regulations;
S22: added elements additive and Zn: after the quite most of fusing of aluminium ingot, evenly add Fe, Cu, Mn and Zr element additive to melt, make it be submerged in melt and stirring, add the Zn ingot subsequently, flooding the Mn piece with melt is advisable, and suitably stir melt, and make that temperature is even in the molten bath everywhere, accelerate fusing;
S23: skim: when furnace charge fully melts, when melt temperature reaches smelting temperature, skim, should measure in accordance with regulations to the melt top layer earlier before skimming and be sprinkled into one deck slagging agent, make oxidation sludge and melt extraction, skim and want steadily thoroughly to scratch clean surperficial slag, prevent that dregs are involved in the melt, take metal as far as possible less out of;
S24: add Mg: the back of skimming adds the Mg ingot to melt, should be sprinkled into insulating covering agent before adding the Mg ingot, and melt temperature control is at 700~730 ℃ when adding the Mg ingot, institute adds the Mg ingot and must be pressed into melt, to prevent from floating over the bath surface oxidizing fire, the limit edged stirs, and is beneficial to rapid fusing;
S25: stir: after melt adds alloying element, and before melt is come out of the stove, fully stir, stirring operation should be steady, do not play big wave; Stir to want thoroughly not stay the dead angle, make melt levels, each regional temperature even, it is consistent that composition reaches;
S26: sampling (on-the-spot sample analysis): through fully stirring, make alloying element dissolving fully, bath composition and temperature evenly after, on-the-spot sample analysis is done in sampling in accordance with regulations, spectroscopic analysis is adopted in on-the-spot sample analysis, selects 7005 alloy analysis programs for use;
S27: adjust composition: by the on-the-spot sample analysis result, if other constituent contents except Zn, Mg, Zr, though do not meet composition requirement of the present invention but do not exceed the standard analysis scope, then can not do the composition adjustment, do not meet composition requirement of the present invention as Zn, Mg, Zr element, can suitably carry out the feed supplement adjustment by calculating;
S28: degasification refining: be carried out in accordance with regulations the degasification refining operation, the time is no less than 15 minutes, and refining temperature is controlled at 720~730 ℃, leaves standstill after the refining degasification;
S3: casting: the melt after the melting is cast, and casting temp is controlled at 700~730 ℃, and casting speed is 80~110mm/min, and cooling water pressure is 0.05~0.08MPa;
S4: low power inspection and ultimate constituent analysis: two casting rods of every casting time extraction, behind every casting excellent crop 50mm, the back-end crop 100mm, respectively get the test piece of 15~20mm thickness at two ends, check macrostructure and grain fineness number, every heat cuts a test specimen and carries out ultimate constituent analysis;
S5: extrusion molding: the casting rod of passed examination is carried out extrusion molding, the control of container temperature is at 430~450 ℃, the mold heated temperature is 460~480 ℃, and casting rod heating constant temperature is 500~510 ℃, and be 3.5~4h heat-up time, after container temperature, mould temperature, excellent temperature meet the requirements, can try extruding, extrusion speed is 5~6m/min, and first material should be gone up at a slow speed and press, treat to be adjusted to suitable extrusion speed after flow of articles goes out nib, guarantee that the control of goods temperature out is in 450~475 ℃ of scopes;
S6: press quenching: under the goods temperature out, adopt air blast cooling or water smoke cold, make goods leave quench zone after temperature be down to below 250 ℃;
S7: artificial aging: adopt twin-stage artificial aging system: fs 95~100 ℃ of insulations 4 hours, 155~160 ℃ of insulations of subordinate phase 6 hours, behind the fs completion of prescription, improve furnace temperature to the subordinate phase specified temperature, the middle intensification is not counted in the timeliness soaking time transit time, check hardness after the artificial aging, webster hardness value 〉=16Hw is qualified;
S8: cutting obtains finished product: sawing length tolerance+0/-1mm, cut gradient≤0.2mm.
3. the 7003T5 aluminium alloy production technique that is applicable to that the high ferro car body is made according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the standard analysis scope among the described step S27 is: Si≤0.30%, Fe≤0.36%, Cu≤0.20%, Mn≤0.30%, Mg:0.50% ~ 1.0%, Cr≤0.2%, Zn:5.0%~6.0%, Ti≤0.20%, Zr:0.12%~0.25%, Al: surplus, each component sum is 100%.
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