A kind of nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-density carbon nano-tube macroscopic body, belong to field of nanometer material technology, particularly relate to a kind of nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body and preparation method thereof, be specifically applicable to make the nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body that uniformity coefficient is higher, density is larger.
Background technology
Carbon nanotube is the one dimension tubular nanometer material that individual layer or Multi-layer graphite layer curl into, and having excellent electricity, calorifics, mechanical property, is a kind of Multifunction filamentary material.At present, the application of carbon pipe mainly concentrates on lithium ion battery electrode material and field of compound material.A small amount of carbon pipe adds in lithium ion battery plus-negative plate material and significantly can improve battery performance, and a small amount of carbon nanotube adds in body material and prepares matrix material, then not obvious to the improved performance of matrix material, thus, the content improving carbon nanotube in matrix material further becomes the direction of researchist's effort.
Carbon pipe joins in matrix prepares the matrix material that matrix material is difficult to obtain high content of carbon nanotubes, and on the one hand, one dimension Nano structure carbon nanotube has large length-to-diameter ratio, is easily mutually wound around in the base during dispersion; On the other hand, preparing matrix material first can be prepared into macroscopic body structure by dipping recombining process by carbon nanotube, then floods compound matrix material, can obtain the matrix material of different content of carbon nanotubes by controlling carbon nanotube body burden in carbon pipe macroscopic body.Therefore, the macroscopic body developing high content of carbon nanotubes becomes the key preparing high-carbon pipe content matrix material.
The Chinese patent patent No. is ZL200510061453.6, authorized announcement date is the preparation method that the patent of invention on November 14th, 2007 discloses a kind of prefab of porous carbon nanometer tube, the method is the pore-forming material solution containing tackiness agent by every gram of carbon nanotube and 0.01 – 4ml, wherein the concentration of tackiness agent is that 0.01 – 20% mixes, through stirring, after grinding reaches Homogeneous phase mixing, put into mould, apply the pressure of 1 – 100MPa, 50 – 300 DEG C is warming up to the speed of 0.5 – 5 DEG C/min, after pressurize 0.5 – 12h, naturally cool to normal temperature and release, obtain prefab of porous carbon nanometer tube.Although this invention can obtain the preparation of the stable prefab of porous carbon nanometer tube of the air hole structure of arbitrary dimension and shape for polymer matrix composite or bio-medical material, this invention still has following defect:
First, carbon nanotube, tackiness agent mix with obtained prefab of porous carbon nanometer tube by this invention, because carbon nanotube has big L/D ratio difficulty to disperse in tackiness agent, thus can not be uniformly distributed in carbon nanotube slurries upon mixing, cause the prefab of porous carbon nanometer tube obtained to be inhomogeneous structure, its uniformity coefficient is lower;
Secondly, because carbon nanotube has big L/D ratio difficulty to disperse in tackiness agent, only contain less carbon nanotube in the prefab of porous carbon nanometer tube that thus this invention obtains, carbon pipe content is lower, and its carbon nanotube density is less.
Again, this invention, when carrying out slurries and being shaping, not only has requirement to temperature, time, also has requirement to pressure, require more, is not easy to operation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome that the uniformity coefficient existed in prior art is lower, carbon nanotube density is less, be not easy to the defect that operates and problem, provide that a kind of uniformity coefficient is higher, carbon nanotube density is comparatively large, the nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body of convenient operation and preparation method thereof.
For realizing above object, technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body, and described carbon nano-tube macroscopic body is the aggregate of carbon nanotube, and adjacent carbon nanotube is wound around mutually;
Described carbon nano-tube macroscopic body forms by the carbon nano tube bundle of multiple warty is stacking, is connected between adjacent carbon nano tube bundle by carbon nanotube;
Described carbon nano tube bundle is entwined by carbon nanotube, and the even carbon nanotube distribution in carbon nano tube bundle;
Be distributed with microscale void between described carbon nano tube bundle, between the carbon nanotube in carbon nano tube bundle, be distributed with nano size voids, and the quantity of microscale void is less than the quantity of nano size voids.
The size of described microscale void is 1 – 15um, and the size of nano size voids is 20 – 500nm.
The density of the carbon nanotube in described carbon nano tube bundle is greater than the density of the carbon nanotube between carbon nano tube bundle.
The volume density of described carbon nano-tube macroscopic body is 0.3g/cm
3– 1.0g/cm
3, porosity is 40% – 85%.
A making method for above-mentioned nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body, described making method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: first carbon nanotube is put into mixer and carry out mixing to obtain uniform compound, then compound is put into mould;
Second step: first suppress the compound in mould, pressing mode is Bidirectional-pressure or isostatic pressed, then pressurize, can obtain described nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body after pressurize terminates.
In the described the first step, first carbon nanotube, lubricant are put into mixer and carried out mixing to obtain uniform compound;
The amount ratio of described lubricant and carbon nanotube is less than or equal to 5%, and described lubricant is Graphene, graphene microchip, flake graphite, electrically conductive graphite or Zinic stearas.
Described making method also comprises aftertreatment technology, this aftertreatment technology is: first the carbon nano-tube macroscopic body of acquisition is placed in inert atmosphere or vacuum environment, at high temperature carry out graphitization processing again, graphitization processing temperature is 1500 – 3500 DEG C, the graphitization processing time is 1 – 180min, can obtain graphitized carbon nano pipe macroscopic body after graphitization processing terminates.
In the described the first step: described mixing time is 2 – 4h;
In described second step: described pressure size is 50Mpa – 1000MPa, the described dwell time is 10s – 60s.
Described carbon nanotube is Single Walled Carbon Nanotube, double-walled carbon nano-tube, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes or its mixture; The purity of described carbon nanotube is 60% – 100%.
Described carbon nanotube is through acid-treated functionalized carbon nano-tube.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, carbon nano-tube macroscopic body in a kind of nodular texture of the present invention stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body and preparation method thereof is first mix with obtained compound by carbon nanotube mixer when making, again Bidirectional-pressure or isostatic pressed are carried out to obtain carbon nano-tube macroscopic body to compound, overcome the defect that in prior art, carbon nanotube difficulty is disperseed in tackiness agent, improve the uniformity coefficient of carbon nanotube in compound, thus improve the uniformity coefficient of carbon nanotube in final macroscopic body, the feature of final macroscopic body, namely form by the carbon nano tube bundle of multiple warty is stacking, carbon nano tube bundle is entwined by carbon nanotube, even carbon nanotube distribution in carbon nano tube bundle, just in time embody the feature that even carbon nanotube degree is higher, in addition, when taking carbon nanotube, when lubricant is mixed together to produce compound, make better effects if, in final macroscopic body, the uniformity coefficient of carbon nanotube is higher.Therefore, in the macroscopic body that makes of the present invention, the uniformity coefficient of carbon nanotube is higher.
2, a kind of nodular texture stack of the present invention carbon nano-tube macroscopic body and preparation method thereof is when producing compound, one directly mixes carbon nanotube, one mixes carbon nanotube, lubricant, two kinds of designs can avoid the defect that in prior art, carbon nanotube difficulty is disperseed in tackiness agent, improve the content of carbon nanotube in macroscopic body, especially when the purity of carbon nanotube is 60% – 100%, content of carbon nanotubes in final macroscopic body is more, volume density is larger, can reach 0.3g/cm
3– 1.0g/cm
3.Therefore, in the macroscopic body that makes of the present invention, the density of carbon nanotube is larger.
3, a kind of nodular texture stack of the present invention carbon nano-tube macroscopic body and preparation method thereof is when making macroscopic body, mainly comprise mixing and pressurization two steps, not only step is less, and it is easy to operate, in addition, when operating, only relating to time, pressure two operating parameterss, greatly reducing operation easier.Therefore, convenient operation of the present invention.
4, the carbon nano-tube macroscopic body that a kind of nodular texture of the present invention stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body and preparation method thereof makes forms by the carbon nano tube bundle of multiple warty is stacking, connected by carbon nanotube between adjacent carbon nano tube bundle, carbon nano tube bundle is entwined by carbon nanotube, the even carbon nanotube distribution in carbon nano tube bundle; Microscale void is distributed with between described carbon nano tube bundle, nano size voids is distributed with between carbon nanotube in carbon nano tube bundle, and the quantity of microscale void is less than the quantity of nano size voids, visible, the present invention can obtain by the stacking carbon nano-tube macroscopic body of warty carbon nano tube bundle, thus expand the Application Areas of macroscopic body, make it be applied to the making of composite preform, support of the catalyst widely, the mass application of carbon tube material can be realized.Therefore, the present invention can not only make the carbon nano-tube macroscopic body of laminated structure, and Application Areas is wider.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the electron scanning micrograph of macroscopic body section in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the electron scanning micrograph of warty carbon nano tube bundle in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Illustrate that the present invention is further detailed explanation with embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See figure 1 – Fig. 2, a kind of nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body, described carbon nano-tube macroscopic body is the aggregate of carbon nanotube, and adjacent carbon nanotube is wound around mutually;
Described carbon nano-tube macroscopic body forms by the carbon nano tube bundle of multiple warty is stacking, is connected between adjacent carbon nano tube bundle by carbon nanotube;
Described carbon nano tube bundle is entwined by carbon nanotube, and the even carbon nanotube distribution in carbon nano tube bundle;
Be distributed with microscale void between described carbon nano tube bundle, between the carbon nanotube in carbon nano tube bundle, be distributed with nano size voids, and the quantity of microscale void is less than the quantity of nano size voids.
The size of described microscale void is 1 – 15um, and the size of nano size voids is 20 – 500nm.
The density of the carbon nanotube in described carbon nano tube bundle is greater than the density of the carbon nanotube between carbon nano tube bundle.
The volume density of described carbon nano-tube macroscopic body is 0.3g/cm
3– 1.0g/cm
3, porosity is 40% – 85%.
A making method for above-mentioned nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body, described making method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: first carbon nanotube is put into mixer and carry out mixing to obtain uniform compound, then compound is put into mould;
Second step: first suppress the compound in mould, pressing mode is Bidirectional-pressure or isostatic pressed, then pressurize, can obtain described nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body after pressurize terminates.
In the described the first step, first carbon nanotube, lubricant are put into mixer and carried out mixing to obtain uniform compound;
The amount ratio of described lubricant and carbon nanotube is less than or equal to 5%, and described lubricant is Graphene, graphene microchip, flake graphite, electrically conductive graphite or Zinic stearas.
Described making method also comprises aftertreatment technology, this aftertreatment technology is: first the carbon nano-tube macroscopic body of acquisition is placed in inert atmosphere or vacuum environment, at high temperature carry out graphitization processing again, graphitization processing temperature is 1500 – 3500 DEG C, the graphitization processing time is 1 – 180min, can obtain graphitized carbon nano pipe macroscopic body after graphitization processing terminates.
In the described the first step: described mixing time is 2 – 4h;
In described second step: described pressure size is 50Mpa – 1000MPa, the described dwell time is 10s – 60s.
Described carbon nanotube is Single Walled Carbon Nanotube, double-walled carbon nano-tube, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes or its mixture; The purity of described carbon nanotube is 60% – 100%.
Described carbon nanotube is through acid-treated functionalized carbon nano-tube.
Principle of the present invention is described as follows:
See Fig. 1, the present invention forms by the carbon nano tube bundle of multiple warty is stacking, and connected by carbon nanotube between adjacent carbon nano tube bundle, carbon nano tube bundle is entwined by carbon nanotube, and the even carbon nanotube distribution in carbon nano tube bundle.The scanning pattern of carbon nano tube bundle is similar to knitting wool ball, is flocked together, is mutually wound by the carbon nanotube closed on, and thus the present invention is similar to a lot of knitting wool ball and is deposited in together, is mutually wound around between adjacent knitting wool ball by knitting wool.
A small amount of microscale void is dispersed with between carbon nano tube bundle, a large amount of nano size voids is dispersed with between carbon nanotube in carbon nano tube bundle, the quantity of microscale void is much smaller than the quantity of nano size voids, the size of microscale void is 1 – 15um, and the size of nano size voids is 20 – 500nm.
See Fig. 2, carbon nano tube bundle comprises two portions, and a part is the carbon tube nucleus heart that carbon pipe is formed, and another part four to scatter, and entwine at carbon tube nucleus dispersed carbon pipe in the heart.In carbon nano tube bundle, the winding degree of carbon pipe is high, between carbon nano tube bundle, the winding degree of carbon pipe is low, all belong to Mechanical entanglement, when the present invention is ruptured, from the interfacial fracture between carbon nano tube bundle, equally, when polymer is flooded in the present invention, major part polymer should between carbon nano tube bundle, and small part polymer is within carbon nano tube bundle.
Lubricant: the object of carbon nanotube, mix lubricant is the mobility increasing carbon pipe powder, requires that lubricant accounts for less than 5% of carbon pipe content, the too high content that can increase impurity of lubricant content, lubricant content too low may appearance presses unreal phenomenon.
Mixing time: mixing time is 2 – 4h, and generally speaking mixing time is that the longer the better.
Dwell time: dwell time 3s – 60s, the dwell time is less than 3 seconds, and this macroscopic body has certain resilience.
Graphitization processing: the macroscopic body after graphitization processing, eliminates amorphous carbon impurity, and structure is more clear.
Graphitization processing temperature: temperature gets 1500 – 3500 DEG C, remove not exclusively lower than this temperature agraphitic carbon, there is no need higher than this temperature, equipment is also difficult to reach.
The graphitization processing time: the time gets 1 – 180min, remove not exclusively lower than this time agraphitic carbon, then lose time higher than this time, lower efficiency.
Embodiment 1:
See Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of making method of nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body, described making method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: first carbon nanotube, lubricant are put into mixer and carried out mixing to obtain uniform compound, mixing time is 2 – 4h, then compound is put into mould; Described carbon nanotube is Single Walled Carbon Nanotube, double-walled carbon nano-tube, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes or its mixture; The purity of described carbon nanotube is 60% – 100%; The amount ratio of described lubricant and carbon nanotube is 2%, and described lubricant is Graphene, graphene microchip, flake graphite, electrically conductive graphite or Zinic stearas;
Second step: first the compound in mould is suppressed, pressing mode is Bidirectional-pressure or isostatic pressed, pressure size is 200Mpa, pressurize again, dwell time is 30s, can obtain described nodular texture stack carbon nano-tube macroscopic body after pressurize terminates, the volume density of this macroscopic body is 0.53g/cm3, and porosity is 69vol%.
Above-mentioned obtained macroscopic body is placed in inert atmosphere or vacuum environment, at high temperature carry out graphitization processing again, graphitization processing temperature is 1500 – 3500 DEG C, the graphitization processing time is 1 – 180min, graphitized carbon nano pipe macroscopic body can be obtained after graphitization processing terminates, graphitization processing eliminates the amorphous carbon impurity of macroscopic body section, and it is more clear that structure becomes.
The present invention first takes not through purifying, the carbon nanotube of graphitization processing makes macroscopic body, again macroscopic body is carried out to the mode of graphitization processing, its object is to: first agraphitic carbon impurity is evenly distributed in macroscopic body, then, when after greying, impurity is removed, leave space, be conducive to macroscopic body dipping macromolecular material like this, make matrix material, be conducive to the function that macroscopic body plays carrier.
Embodiment 2:
Substance is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In the first step: the amount ratio of described lubricant and carbon nanotube is 5%;
In second step: pressure size is 50Mpa, the dwell time is 10s; The volume density of described macroscopic body is 0.30g/cm3, and porosity is 85vol%.
Embodiment 3:
Substance is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In the first step: described lubricant does not add;
In second step: pressure size is 1000Mpa, the dwell time is 60s; The volume density of described macroscopic body is 1.0g/cm3, and porosity is 40vol%.
Embodiment 4:
Substance is with embodiment 1, and difference is:
In the first step: the amount ratio of described lubricant and carbon nanotube is 1%;
In second step: pressure size is 700Mpa, the dwell time is 40s; The volume density of described macroscopic body is 0.72g/cm3, and porosity is 63vol%.