CN103203709A - Hydraulic wrench - Google Patents
Hydraulic wrench Download PDFInfo
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- CN103203709A CN103203709A CN2013101357774A CN201310135777A CN103203709A CN 103203709 A CN103203709 A CN 103203709A CN 2013101357774 A CN2013101357774 A CN 2013101357774A CN 201310135777 A CN201310135777 A CN 201310135777A CN 103203709 A CN103203709 A CN 103203709A
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Abstract
An embodiment of the invention discloses a hydraulic wrench. When used for performing tightening operation, the hydraulic wrench is started, oil is pumped into an inner cavity of an oil cylinder under the control of a control mechanism, a piston is pushed by the hydraulic oil in the inner cavity of the oil cylinder, and an upper clutch is pushed by the piston to move towards the direction of a lower clutch, the upper clutch and the lower clutch keep combined with each other, and the upper clutch drives a driven shaft to rotate and further drives a sleeve to rotate, so that the purpose of tightening a bolt is achieved. When preset tightening force is applied to the bolt and axial component force which is exerted by the lower clutch on the upper clutch reaches a preset value, the upper clutch pushes the piston to move, an overflow valve relieves pressure when the pressure of the hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder reaches unloading pressure of the overflow valve, the upper clutch continues moving upwardly and is finally separated from the lower clutch, the driven shaft stops rotating, and tightening operation is stopped. The hydraulic wrench has the advantages that tightening actions can be stopped without machine halt, phenomena of burning hydraulic wrenches are reduced, and accordingly the service life of the hydraulic wrench is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of spanner, more particularly, relate to a kind of hydraulic spanner.
Background technology
Hydraulic spanner is that hydraulic torque spanner (hydraulic torque wrench) is called for short.Be to be power with hydraulic pressure, high pulling torque output is provided, be used for the installation of bolt and the professional bolt tightening tool of dismounting, through being commonly used to tighten and tear open pine greater than one inch bolt.Construction and when safeguarding such as in railroad ties, engineering construction, mine at present can not autostop after hydraulic spanner of the same type tights a bolt, and the situation that burns out spanner happens occasionally.
Therefore, how to provide a kind of hydraulic spanner that increases the service life, become the technical problem that those skilled in the art need to be resolved hurrily.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic spanner, with the purpose that realizes increasing the service life.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of hydraulic spanner, comprise operating mechanism, driving shaft and driven shaft, wherein, described driving shaft is provided with driving gear, be arranged with the driven gear that is meshed with described driving gear and can dallies at described driven shaft on the described driven shaft, and the unsettled end of described driven shaft is used for installing sleeve
Also comprise the following clutch that is fixed on the described driven gear;
With the described last clutch of clutch engagement down, described upward clutch slidably is set on the described driven shaft and by spline or lead key and transmits moment of torsion to described driven shaft;
Oil cylinder, the inner chamber of described oil cylinder is provided with back-moving spring;
Be arranged on the described oil cylinder and the overflow valve that is communicated with the inner chamber of described oil cylinder; With
With the close-fitting piston of the inwall of described oil cylinder, promote under the effect of described piston hydraulic oil in described oil cylinder described on clutch to moving near the described direction of clutch down.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned hydraulic spanner, described piston has the space of the external part that holds described driven shaft, and matches the described clutch of going up of merging promotion to the promotion part of moving near the direction of described clutch down with the described end face of going up clutch.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned hydraulic spanner, described promotion part and described going up between the clutch are provided with the end face bearing.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned hydraulic spanner, the oil cylinder cover of described oil cylinder is provided with first annular groove that described back-moving spring is installed, and the end face that described piston is positioned at described oil cylinder inside is provided with second annular groove that described back-moving spring is installed.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned hydraulic spanner, also be provided with sealing ring on described oil cylinder and the inwall that described piston cooperates.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned hydraulic spanner, described going up on clutch and the following clutch engagement end face has intermeshing dentalation.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned hydraulic spanner, described clutch down and described driven gear are integral structure.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned hydraulic spanner, the end that described driven shaft stretches to described piston is equipped with journal bearing.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned hydraulic spanner, described hydraulic spanner is stud driver.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned hydraulic spanner, described operating mechanism comprises unloading overflow valve, the motor that reversal valve, check valve, choke valve, duplex pump, the described duplex pump of driving turn round and the motor that drives described driving shaft rotation, wherein,
The liquid outlet of the front pump of described duplex pump is communicated with the P mouth of described reversal valve;
The T mouth of described reversal valve is in series with described motor by the cooler oil sump tank between the A mouth of described reversal valve and the B mouth;
The inlet of described check valve is communicated with the liquid outlet of the back pump of described duplex pump, and the liquid outlet of described check valve is communicated with the path of described reversal valve with the front pump of described duplex pump;
The P mouth of described unloading overflow valve is communicated with the path of the back pump of described check valve and described duplex pump, and the K1 mouth of described unloading overflow valve is communicated with the path of the front pump of described check valve and described duplex pump;
Described choke valve is communicated with the back pump path of described oil cylinder and described unloading overflow valve and described duplex pump.
From such scheme as can be seen, be provided with clutch, following clutch, piston and oil cylinder at driving gear and driven gear place.During original state under the effect of back-moving spring, last clutch is in bonding state with following clutch, when tightening operation, start hydraulic spanner, operating mechanism control is to the inner chamber pump oil of oil cylinder, and the hydraulic oil of the inner chamber of oil cylinder promotes piston, piston promotes to go up clutch to the direction motion of close clutch down, make that upward clutch remains on bonding state with following clutch, last clutch drives driven shaft and rotates, and drives sleeve then and rotates the purpose that realization tights a bolt.When bolt reaches default screwing force; following clutch act on clutch shaft to component when reaching preset value; last clutch promotes the piston motion; when the pressure of in-oil cylinder hydraulic oil reaches the pressure unloading of overflow valve; the overflow valve pressure release; last clutch continues to move up finally and following clutch separation; thereby driven shaft does not rotate and stops to tighten operation; and then be not implemented in and just can stop to tighten action under the stopped status; reduce the phenomenon generation that burns out hydraulic spanner, thereby prolonged the service life of hydraulic spanner.
Description of drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to do to introduce simply to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or the description of the Prior Art below, apparently, accompanying drawing in describing below only is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, under the prerequisite of not paying creative work, can also obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
The structural representation of a kind of clutch that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of a kind of hydraulic spanner that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of the another kind of hydraulic spanner that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The schematic diagram of a kind of clutch that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The schematic diagram of the another kind of clutch that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the invention;
The structural representation of the following clutch that provides in the embodiment of the invention is provided Fig. 6;
The structural representation of the last clutch that provides in the embodiment of the invention is provided Fig. 7;
Wherein:
Among Fig. 1 to Fig. 7,1 is motor, 2 is driving gear, 3 is driven gear, 4 is last clutch, 5 is the end face bearing, 6 is driven shaft, 7 is sealing ring, 8 is piston, 9 is oil cylinder, 10 is back-moving spring, 11 is oil cylinder cover, 12 is driving shaft, 13 is overflow valve, 14 is upper shell, 15 is lower house, 16 is platen, 111 is first annular groove, 81 is piston main body, 82 is the space, 83 is the promotion part, 84 is second annular groove, 1 ' is motor, 2 ' is driving gear, 3 ' is driven gear, 4 ' is last clutch, 5 ' is the end face bearing, 6 ' is driven shaft, 7 ' is sealing ring, 8 ' is piston, 9 ' is oil cylinder, 10 ' is back-moving spring, 11 ' is oil cylinder cover, 13 ' is overflow valve, 21 is front pump, 22 is the back pump, 23 is unloading overflow valve, 24 is check valve, 25 is choke valve, 26 is the main system overflow valve, 27 is solenoid directional control valve, 28 is cooler, 29 is Pressure gauge, 29 ' is Pressure gauge.
The specific embodiment
Below, with reference to accompanying drawing embodiment is described.In addition, the summary of the invention that the embodiment shown in below does not put down in writing claim plays any restriction effect.In addition, it is necessary that the full content of the represented formation of embodiment is not limited to the solution of the invention put down in writing as claim below.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of hydraulic spanner, referring to figs. 1 through shown in Figure 7,1 is motor, 2 is driving gear, 3 is driven gear, 4 is last clutch, 5 is the end face bearing, 6 is driven shaft, 7 is oil sealing, 8 is piston, 9 is oil cylinder, 10 is back-moving spring, 11 is oil cylinder cover, 12 is driving shaft, 13 is overflow valve, 14 is upper shell, 15 is lower house, 16 is platen, 111 is first annular groove, 81 is piston main body, 82 is the space, 83 is the promotion part, 84 is second annular groove, 1 ' is motor, 2 ' is driving gear, 3 ' is driven gear, 4 ' is last clutch, 5 ' is the end face bearing, 6 ' is driven shaft, 7 ' is oil sealing, 8 ' is piston, 9 ' is oil cylinder, 10 ' is back-moving spring, 11 ' is oil cylinder cover, 13 ' is overflow valve, 21 is front pump, 22 is the back pump, 23 is unloading overflow valve, 24 is check valve, 25 is choke valve, 26 is the main system overflow valve, 27 is solenoid directional control valve, 28 is cooler, 29 is Pressure gauge, 29 ' is Pressure gauge.
This hydraulic spanner comprises operating mechanism, driving shaft 12 and driven shaft 6, wherein, driving shaft 12 is provided with driving gear 2, be arranged with on the driven shaft 6 and be meshed with driving gear 2 and can be at the driven gear 3 of driven shaft 6 idle running, and driven shaft 6 unsettled ends are used for installing sleeve, also comprise the following clutch that is fixed on the driven gear 3;
With the last clutch 4 of following clutch engagement, last clutch 4 slidably is set on the driven shaft 6 and by spline or lead key and transmits moment of torsion to driven shaft 6;
Be arranged on the oil cylinder 9 and the overflow valve 13 that is communicated with the inner chamber of oil cylinder 9; With
With the close-fitting piston 8 of the inwall of oil cylinder 9, promote clutch 4 under the effect of piston 8 hydraulic oil in oil cylinder 9 and move to the close direction of clutch down.
The hydraulic spanner that the embodiment of the invention provides is provided with clutch 4, following clutch, piston 8 and oil cylinder 9 at driving gear 2 and driven gear 3 places.During original state under the effect of back-moving spring 10, last clutch 4 is in bonding state with following clutch, when tightening operation, sleeve is aimed at bolt, start hydraulic spanner, operating mechanism control is to the inner chamber pump oil of oil cylinder 9, the hydraulic oil of the inner chamber of oil cylinder 9 promotes piston 8, piston 8 promotes to go up clutch 4 to the direction motion of close clutch down, make that going up clutch 4 remains on bonding state with following clutch, driving gear 2 rotates under driving shaft 12 drives, and driven gear 3 follows driving gear 2 to rotate with driving gear 2 engagements, driven shaft 6 rotates under the drive of last clutch 4, drives sleeve then and rotates the purpose that realization tights a bolt.
When bolt reaches default screwing force; following clutch acts on clutch 4 axial component when reaching preset value; last clutch promotes the piston motion; when the pressure of in-oil cylinder hydraulic oil reaches the pressure unloading of overflow valve 13; overflow valve 13 pressure releases; last clutch 4 continues to move up finally and following clutch separation; thereby driven shaft 6 does not rotate and stops to tighten operation; and then be not implemented in and just can stop to tighten action under the stopped status; reduce the phenomenon generation that burns out hydraulic spanner, thereby prolonged the service life of hydraulic spanner.
Owing to adopting by hydraulic oil, the embodiment of the invention acts on the piston 8 to realize promoting to go up the combination of clutch 4 and following clutch, even the very little of the size of oil cylinder 9 and piston 8 design also can provide very strong thrust, therefore, relative simple with respect to adopting traditional frame for movement to drive the disclosed structure of the mode embodiment of the invention that goes up clutch 4 and following clutch combination, size is less, and hydraulic control self just possesses the characteristic that operates steadily, and makes the combination of going up clutch 4 and following clutch compare more steady with traditional Mechanical Driven.
In addition, the parts that arrive involved in the present invention are less, and therefore, the probability that breaks down is lower.Even break down, because the size of clutch is less, so dismantle very conveniently, be convenient to maintenance.
The size of hydraulic fluid pressure can be controlled by operating mechanism in the oil cylinder 9, can also control by at oil cylinder 9 overflow valve 13 being set, the preferred structure that overflow valve is set at oil cylinder 9 that adopts in the embodiment of the invention, concrete lid overflow valve 13 is arranged on the oil cylinder cover 11 of oil cylinder 9.
In order further to optimize technique scheme, also be provided with the Pressure gauge 29 of hydraulic fluid pressure size in the inner chamber that can detect oil cylinder 9 on the oil cylinder 9, regulate the size of pressure in the inner chamber of oil cylinder 9 by the control end of rotation overflow valve 13, because overflow valve 13 can be realized continuous adjusting, and the size of overflow valve 13 pressure unloadings has determined the size of screw-down torque, thereby has realized the step-less adjustment of moment of torsion.
The corresponding relation of size that above-mentioned Pressure gauge 29 can also show the size of pressure and output torque according to Pressure gauge 29 is in the size of the dial plate mark moment of torsion of Pressure gauge 29, thus the moment of torsion that reads more directly perceived.
In the embodiment of the invention, piston 8 promotes to go up clutch 4 to the motion of close clutch direction down, the form that axle sleeve can be set between piston 8 and last clutch 4 realizes, this axle sleeve is set on the driven shaft 6, and the end face of an end of axle sleeve cooperates with the end face of piston 8, the end face of the other end of axle sleeve cooperates with the end face of last clutch 4, and the length of axle sleeve determines by the length that driven shaft 6 stretches to clutch 4, and the built-in length more length of major axis cover is more long.
Piston 8 promotes to go up clutch 4 to the motion of close clutch direction down, also can be from the realization of starting with of piston 8 self structure, concrete, this piston 8 comprises piston main body 81, these piston main body 81 inwalls main and oil cylinder 9 closely cooperate, have the space 82 that holds driven shaft 6 external parts in the middle of the piston 8, and match to merge with the end face of last clutch 4 and promote to go up clutch 4 near the promotion part 83 of clutch direction motion down.
The function of promotion part 83 is equivalent to the function of above-mentioned axle sleeve, promotion part 83 is arranged on the main body 81 of piston 8, can reduce parts on the one hand, can reduce the fault probability of happening on the other hand.
In order to guarantee the stability of back-moving spring 10, oil cylinder cover 11 is provided with for first annular groove 111 of installation back-moving spring 10 and/or the end face that piston 8 is positioned at oil cylinder 9 inner chambers and is provided with for second annular groove 84 that back-moving spring 10 is installed in the present embodiment.
In order to optimize technique scheme, also between promotion part 83 and last clutch 4, be provided with end face bearing 5 in the embodiment of the invention, arranging on the one hand of end face bearing 5 can reduce the wear extent of promotion part 83, prolongs the service life of piston 8; Can prevent piston 8 rotations on the other hand, reduce the machining accuracy of promotion part 83 on the piston 8.
The end that driven shaft 6 stretches to piston 8 is equipped with journal bearing, can play and support driven shaft 6 effects, to guarantee the stationarity in driven shaft 6 and piston 8 runnings.
In order to guarantee the sealing between piston 8 and the oil cylinder 9, also be provided with oil sealing or sealing ring 7 between piston 8 and the oil cylinder 9, wherein, oil sealing or sealing ring 7 can be arranged on the side face of piston 8, can also be arranged on oil cylinder 9 and the inwall that piston 8 cooperates, preferably, the embodiment of the invention, the inwall that cooperates with piston 8 at oil cylinder 9 arranges sealing ring 7.
Has intermeshing dentalation on the counterface of last clutch 4 and following clutch, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, wherein, the profile of tooth that cooperates in last clutch 4 and the following clutch simultaneously simultaneously is wedge structure for rectangular configuration, the several border factually of the lobe of tooth application scenarios is determined, the angle of wedge shape arranges according to the application scenario, for example adopt 12 °, 15 °, 25 °, clutch adopts two lobes, three lobes, pintongs, five lobes, six lobes up and down, wherein, the lobe number is multi-clutch operation more steady more, preferably two lobes, three lobes, pintongs.
Following clutch and driven gear 3 can be installed together by bolt, can also be by the forging formula structure that becomes one.
The embodiment of the invention is also improved at operating mechanism, and this operating mechanism comprises unloading overflow valve 23, the motor 1 that the motor of reversal valve 27, check valve 24, choke valve 25, duplex pump, the running of driving duplex pump and driving driving shaft 12 rotate, wherein,
The liquid outlet of the front pump 21 of duplex pump is communicated with the P mouth of reversal valve 27;
The T mouth of reversal valve 27 is in series with motor 1 by cooler 28 oil sump tanks between the A mouth of reversal valve 27 and the B mouth;
The inlet of check valve 24 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the back pump 22 of duplex pump, and the liquid outlet of check valve 24 is communicated with the path of the front pump of duplex pump 21 with reversal valve 27;
The P mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 is communicated with the path of check valve 24 and back pump 22, and the K1 mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 is communicated with the path of check valve 24 and front pump 21;
Choke valve 25 1 ends are communicated with oil cylinder 9, and the other end is communicated with the path of unloading overflow valve 23 and back pump 22.
Under the effect of back-moving spring 10, when last clutch 4 is initial with following clutch, be in bonding state, when reversal valve 27 when being positioned at the right position of diagram, under the driving of motor, rotating of duplex pump, front pump 21 is to the main system fuel feeding, and to the main system fuel feeding, another part passes through choke valve 25 to oil cylinder 9 fuel feeding to back pump 22 parts by check valve 24.
When main system pressure reaches the K1 mouth controlled pressure of unloading overflow valve 23, the P mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 and T mouth are communicated with, back pump 22 finishes to reversal valve 27 fuel feeding, check valve 24 is closed, to fuel tank pump oil, another part passes through choke valve 25 to oil cylinder 9 pump oil to back pump 22 parts by unloading overflow valve 23.
The load that driven shaft bears when tightening operation is increasing, the pressure that the inner chamber of oil cylinder 9 feeds hydraulic oil constantly becomes big, when bolt reaches default screwing force, following clutch acts on clutch 4 axial component when reaching preset value, last clutch 4 promotes the piston motion, hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder 9 reaches the pressure unloading of overflow valve 13, overflow valve 13 pressure releases, last clutch continues to move up finally and following clutch separation, and driven gear 3 continues clockwise pin rotation under driving gear 2 drives.When driven shaft 6 did not lift, above-mentioned hydraulic spanner repeated above-mentioned action always.
When reversal valve 27 is being positioned at a when position diagram left side, duplex pump rotates under the driving of motor, and front pump 21 is to the main system fuel feeding, and to the main system fuel feeding, another part passes through choke valve 25 to oil cylinder 9 fuel feeding to back pump 22 parts by check valves 24.
When main system pressure reaches the K1 mouth controlled pressure of unloading overflow valve 23, the P mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 and T mouth are communicated with, back pump 22 finishes to reversal valve 27 fuel feeding, check valve 24 is closed, to fuel tank pump oil, another part passes through choke valve 25 to oil cylinder 9 pump oil to back pump 22 oil parts by unloading overflow valve 23.
Adjust the pretightning force that tights a bolt by overflow valve 13 is set in the embodiment of the invention, and adjust peak torque when loosering a bolt by main system overflow valve 26 is set.
Single ended bolt with said structure spanner is provided in the embodiment of the invention, please refer to 2 and shown in Figure 3, this single ended bolt spanner comprises that this hydraulic spanner comprises operating mechanism, a driving shaft 12 and a driven shaft 6, wherein, driving shaft 12 is provided with driving gear 2, being arranged with one on the driven shaft 6 is meshed with driving gear 2 and can be at the driven gear 3 of driven shaft 6 idle running, and driven shaft 6 unsettled ends are used for installing sleeve, also comprise a following clutch that is fixed on the driven gear 3;
An oil cylinder 9, the inner chamber of oil cylinder 9 is provided with back-moving spring 10;
One is arranged on the oil cylinder 9 and the overflow valve 13 that is communicated with the inner chamber of oil cylinder 9; With
The close-fitting piston 8 of inwall with oil cylinder 9 promotes clutch 4 and moves to the close direction of clutch down under the effect of piston 8 hydraulic oil in oil cylinder 9.
Wherein, operating mechanism comprises motor and the motor 1 that driving driving shaft 12 rotates that unloads 23, one reversal valves 27 of a lotus overflow valve, a check valve 24, a choke valve 25, a duplex pump, a driving duplex pump running, wherein,
The liquid outlet of the front pump 21 of duplex pump is communicated with the P mouth of reversal valve 27;
The T mouth of reversal valve 27 is in series with motor 1 by cooler 28 oil sump tanks between the A mouth of reversal valve 27 and the B mouth;
The inlet of check valve 24 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the back pump 22 of duplex pump, and the liquid outlet of check valve 24 is communicated with the path of the front pump of duplex pump 21 with reversal valve 27;
The P mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 is communicated with the path of the back pump 22 of check valve 24 and duplex pump, and the K1 mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 is communicated with the path of check valve 24 and front pump 21;
Choke valve 25 1 ends are communicated with oil cylinder 9, and the other end is communicated with the path of unloading overflow valve 23 and back pump 22.
Under the effect of back-moving spring 10, when last clutch 4 is initial with following clutch, be in bonding state, when reversal valve 27 when being positioned at the right position of diagram, duplex pump rotates under the driving of motor, front pump 21 is to the main system fuel feeding, and to the main system fuel feeding, another part passes through choke valve 25 to oil cylinder 9 fuel feeding to back pump 22 parts by check valve 24.
When main system pressure reaches the K1 mouth controlled pressure of unloading overflow valve 23, the P mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 and T mouth are communicated with, back pump 22 finishes to reversal valve 27 fuel feeding, check valve 24 is closed, to fuel tank pump oil, another part passes through choke valve 25 to oil cylinder 9 pump oil to back pump 22 oil parts by unloading overflow valve 23.
The load that driven shaft bears when tightening operation is increasing, the inner chamber of oil cylinder 9 continues to feed continuous the change greatly of pressure of hydraulic oil, when bolt reaches default screwing force, following clutch acts on clutch 4 axial component when reaching preset value, last clutch 4 promotes the piston motion, hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder 9 reaches the pressure unloading of overflow valve 13, overflow valve 13 pressure releases, last clutch 4 continues to move up finally and following clutch separation, and driven gear 3 continues to clockwise rotate under driving gear 2 drives.When driven shaft 6 did not lift, above-mentioned hydraulic spanner repeated above-mentioned action always.
When reversal valve 27 is being positioned at a when position diagram left side, duplex pump rotates under the driving of motor, and front pump 21 is to the main system fuel feeding, and to the main system fuel feeding, another part passes through choke valve 25 to oil cylinder 9 fuel feeding to back pump 22 parts by check valves 24.
When main system pressure reaches the K1 mouth controlled pressure of unloading overflow valve 23, the P mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 and T mouth are communicated with, back pump 22 finishes to reversal valve 27 fuel feeding, check valve 24 is closed, to fuel tank pump oil, another part passes through choke valve 25 to oil cylinder 9 pump oil to back pump 22 oil parts by unloading overflow valve 23.
The liquid outlet that above-mentioned operating mechanism also is arranged on front pump 21 is parallel with main system overflow valve 26, and operating mechanism is adjusted the pressure of main system by main system overflow valve 26.When load reaches the pressure unloading of main system overflow valve 26,26 off-loads of main system overflow valve.
Adjust the pretightning force that tights a bolt by overflow valve 13 is set in the embodiment of the invention, and adjust peak torque when loosering a bolt by main system overflow valve 26 is set.
The single ended bolt spanner that the embodiment of the invention provides is not implemented in and just can stops to tighten action under the stopped status, has reduced the phenomenon that burns out hydraulic spanner and has taken place, thereby prolonged service life of hydraulic spanner.
Owing to adopting by hydraulic oil, the embodiment of the invention acts on the piston 8 to realize promoting to go up the combination of clutch 4 and following clutch, even the very little of the size of oil cylinder 9 and piston 8 design also can provide very strong thrust, therefore, relative simple with respect to adopting traditional frame for movement to drive the disclosed structure of the mode embodiment of the invention that goes up clutch 4 and following clutch combination, size is less, and hydraulic control self just possesses the characteristic that operates steadily, and makes the combination of going up clutch 4 and following clutch compare more steady with traditional Mechanical Driven.
In addition, the parts that arrive involved in the present invention are less, and therefore, the probability that breaks down is lower.Even break down, because the size of clutch is less, so dismantle very conveniently, be convenient to maintenance.
The size of hydraulic fluid pressure can be controlled by operating mechanism in the oil cylinder 9, can also control the preferred structure that overflow valve 13 is set at oil cylinder 9 that adopts in the embodiment of the invention by at oil cylinder 9 overflow valve 13 being set.
In the single ended bolt spanner in the embodiment of the invention, driven shaft 6 unsettled ends are with axle sleeve, and this axle sleeve transmits moment of torsion by spline or lead key, and sleeve is installed on the axle sleeve by pin then, this kind structure Design can be avoided prolonging the fatigue strength of driven shaft 6 in driven shaft 6 punchings.
Stud driver with said structure is provided in the embodiment of the invention, please refer to 4 and shown in Figure 5, this stud driver comprises that this hydraulic spanner comprises operating mechanism, a driving shaft 12 and a driven shaft 6, wherein, driving shaft 12 is provided with driving gear 2, be arranged with one on the driven shaft 6 and be meshed with driving gear 2 and can be at the driven gear 3 of driven shaft 6 idle running, and driven shaft 6 unsettled ends are used for installing sleeve.
Also comprise a following clutch that is fixed on the driven gear 3;
An oil cylinder 9, the inner chamber of oil cylinder 9 is provided with back-moving spring 10;
One is arranged on the oil cylinder 9 and the overflow valve 13 that is communicated with the inner chamber of oil cylinder 9; With
The close-fitting piston 8 of inwall with oil cylinder 9 promotes clutch 4 and moves to the close direction of clutch down under the effect of piston 8 hydraulic oil in oil cylinder 9.
Also comprise a driven shaft 6 ', being arranged with one on the driven shaft 6 ' is meshed with driving gear 2 ' and can be at the driven gear 3 ' of driven shaft 6 ' idle running, and driven shaft a 6 ' unsettled end is used for installing sleeve, also comprises a following clutch that is fixed on the driven gear 3 ';
Last clutch 4 ' with following clutch engagement, last clutch 4 ' are set in slidably that driven shaft 6 ' is gone up and transmit moment of torsion by spline or lead key to driven shaft 6 ';
An oil cylinder, the inner chamber of oil cylinder is provided with back-moving spring 10 ';
One is arranged on the oil cylinder and the overflow valve 13 ' that is communicated with the inner chamber of oil cylinder; With
The close-fitting piston 8 ' of inwall with oil cylinder promotes to go up clutch 4 ' and moves to the close direction of clutch down under the effect of piston 8 ' hydraulic oil in oil cylinder 9 '.
Wherein, operating mechanism comprises motor and motor 1 that driving driving shaft 12 rotates of 23, one reversal valves 27 of a unloading overflow valve, a check valve 24, a choke valve 25, a duplex pump, a driving duplex pump running, wherein,
The liquid outlet of the front pump 21 of duplex pump is communicated with the P mouth of reversal valve 27;
The T mouth of reversal valve 27 is in series with motor 1 by cooler 28 oil sump tanks between the A mouth of reversal valve 27 and the B mouth;
The inlet of check valve 24 is communicated with the liquid outlet of the back pump 22 of duplex pump, and the liquid outlet of check valve 24 is communicated with the path of the front pump of duplex pump 21 with reversal valve 27;
The P mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 is communicated with the path of the back pump 22 of check valve 24 and duplex pump, and the K1 mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 is communicated with the path of check valve 24 and front pump 21;
Choke valve 25 1 ends are communicated with oil cylinder 9 and oil cylinder 9 ', and the other end is communicated with the path of unloading overflow valve 23 and back pump 22.
Under the effect of back-moving spring 10, when last clutch 4 is initial with following clutch, be in bonding state, when reversal valve 27 when being positioned at the right position of diagram, duplex pump rotates under the driving of motor, front pump 21 is to the main system fuel feeding, and to the main system fuel feeding, another part passes through choke valve 25 respectively to oil cylinder 9 and oil cylinder 9 ' fuel feeding to back pump 22 parts by check valve 24.
When main system pressure reaches the K1 mouth controlled pressure of unloading overflow valve 23, the P mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 and T mouth are communicated with, back pump 22 finishes to reversal valve 27 fuel feeding, check valve 24 is closed, to fuel tank pump oil, another part passes through choke valve 25 respectively to oil cylinder 9 and oil cylinder 9 ' pump oil to back pump 22 oil parts by unloading overflow valve 23.
Be positioned at the structure on right side, motor 1 rotates counterclockwise under the effect of main system hydraulic oil, driving shaft 12 and driving gear 2 all rotate counterclockwise, and driven gear 3 clockwise rotates under the drive of driving gear 2, last clutch 4 is combined with following clutch, thereby driven shaft 6 also clockwise rotates under the drive of last clutch 4, to tighten operation.
The load that driven shaft bears when tightening operation is increasing, the inner chamber of oil cylinder 9 continues to feed continuous the change greatly of pressure of hydraulic oil, when bolt reaches default screwing force, following clutch acts on clutch 4 axial component when reaching preset value, last clutch 4 promotes the piston motion, hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder 9 reaches the pressure unloading of overflow valve 13, overflow valve 13 pressure releases, last clutch 4 continues to move up finally and following clutch separation, and driven gear 3 continues to clockwise rotate under driving gear 2 drives.When driven shaft 6 did not lift, above-mentioned hydraulic spanner repeated above-mentioned action always.
Be positioned at the structure in left side, motor 1 rotates counterclockwise under the effect of main system hydraulic oil, driving shaft 12 and driving gear 2 all rotate counterclockwise, driven gear 3 ' clockwise rotates under the drive of driving gear 2, last clutch 4 ' is combined with following clutch, thereby driven shaft 6 ' also clockwise rotates under the drive of last clutch 4 ', to tighten operation.
The load that driven shaft bears when tightening operation is increasing, the pressure that continues feeding hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder 9 ' constantly becomes big, when bolt reaches default screwing force, following clutch acts on clutch 4 axial component when reaching preset value, last clutch 4 ' promotes the piston motion, hydraulic oil in the oil cylinder 9 ' reaches the pressure unloading of overflow valve 13 ', overflow valve 13 ' pressure release, last clutch 4 continues to move up finally and following clutch separation, and driven gear 3 ' continues to clockwise rotate under driving gear 2 drives.When driven shaft 6 ' did not lift, above-mentioned hydraulic spanner repeated above-mentioned action always.
When reversal valve 27 is being positioned at a when position diagram left side, duplex pump rotates under the driving of motor, and front pump 21 is to the main system fuel feeding, and to the main system fuel feeding, another part passes through choke valve 25 to oil cylinder 9 fuel feeding to back pump 22 parts by check valves 24.
When main system pressure reaches the K1 mouth controlled pressure of unloading overflow valve 23, the P mouth of unloading overflow valve 23 and T mouth are communicated with, back pump 22 finishes to reversal valve 27 fuel feeding, check valve 24 is closed, to fuel tank pump oil, another part passes through choke valve 25 to oil cylinder 9 pump oil to back pump 22 oil parts by unloading overflow valve 23.
The liquid outlet that above-mentioned operating mechanism also is arranged on front pump 21 is parallel with main system overflow valve 26, and operating mechanism is adjusted the pressure of main system by main system overflow valve 26.When load reaches the pressure unloading of main system overflow valve 26,26 off-loads of main system overflow valve.
By overflow valve 13 being set and overflow valve 13 ' is adjusted the pretightning force that tights a bolt, and by being set, main system overflow valve 26 adjusts peak torque when loosering a bolt in the embodiment of the invention.
The another one bolt is not tightened the phenomenon generation yet because stud driver bolt of very possible existence when tighting a bolt has been tightened, so by foregoing description as can be known, if one has been tightened, the corresponding clutch of going up will be in released state with following clutch, but main system still can continue fuel feeding, still can be to two oil cylinder pump oil, the bolt do not tightened of another one still can continue tightening operation and can not be subjected to the influence of tightening operation so.The operation of having tightened is tightened and detached job when main system continues fuel feeding repeatedly, up to two all tighten after, realized tightening the purpose of two bolts, thereby improved operating efficiency.
The liquid outlet that above-mentioned operating mechanism also is arranged on front pump 21 is parallel with main system overflow valve 26, and operating mechanism is adjusted the pressure of main system by main system overflow valve 26.
Owing to adopting by hydraulic oil, the embodiment of the invention acts on the piston to realize promoting to go up the combination of clutch and following clutch, even the very little of the size of oil cylinder and piston design also can provide very strong thrust, therefore, relative simple with respect to adopting traditional frame for movement to drive the disclosed structure of the mode embodiment of the invention that goes up clutch and following clutch combination, size is less, and hydraulic control self just possesses the characteristic that operates steadily, and makes the combination of going up clutch and following clutch compare more steady with traditional Mechanical Driven.
In addition, the parts that arrive involved in the present invention are less, and therefore, the probability that breaks down is lower.Even break down, because the size of clutch is less, so dismantle very conveniently, be convenient to maintenance.
The stud driver that the embodiment of the invention provides is not implemented in and just can stops to tighten action under the stopped status, has reduced the phenomenon that burns out hydraulic spanner and has taken place, thereby prolonged service life of hydraulic spanner.
Owing to adopting by hydraulic oil, the embodiment of the invention acts on the piston to realize promoting to go up the combination of clutch and following clutch, even the very little of the size of oil cylinder and piston design also can provide very strong thrust, therefore, relative simple with respect to adopting traditional frame for movement to drive the disclosed structure of the mode embodiment of the invention that goes up clutch and following clutch combination, size is less, and hydraulic control self just possesses the characteristic that operates steadily, and makes the combination of going up clutch and following clutch compare more steady with traditional Mechanical Driven.
In addition, the parts that arrive involved in the present invention are less, and therefore, the probability that breaks down is lower.Even break down, because the size of clutch is less, so dismantle very conveniently, be convenient to maintenance.
In the stud driver in the embodiment of the invention, the unsettled end of driven shaft is with axle sleeve, and this axle sleeve transmits moment of torsion by spline or lead key, and sleeve is installed on the axle sleeve by pin then, this kind structure Design can be avoided punching at driven shaft, prolongs the fatigue strength of driven shaft.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, make this area professional and technical personnel can realize or use the present invention.Multiple modification to these embodiment will be apparent concerning those skilled in the art, and defined General Principle can realize under the situation that does not break away from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments herein.Therefore, the present invention will can not be restricted to these embodiment shown in this article, but will meet the wideest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (10)
1. hydraulic spanner, comprise operating mechanism, driving shaft and driven shaft, wherein, described driving shaft is provided with driving gear, be arranged with the driven gear that is meshed with described driving gear and can dallies at described driven shaft on the described driven shaft, and the unsettled end of described driven shaft is used for installing sleeve, it is characterized in that, also comprises the following clutch that is fixed on the described driven gear;
With the described last clutch of clutch engagement down, described upward clutch slidably is set on the described driven shaft and by spline or lead key and transmits moment of torsion to described driven shaft;
Oil cylinder, the inner chamber of described oil cylinder is provided with back-moving spring;
Be arranged on the described oil cylinder and the overflow valve that is communicated with the inner chamber of described oil cylinder; With
With the close-fitting piston of the inwall of described oil cylinder, promote under the effect of described piston hydraulic oil in described oil cylinder described on clutch to moving near the described direction of clutch down.
2. hydraulic spanner as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described piston has the space of the external part that holds described driven shaft, and matches the described clutch of going up of merging promotion to the promotion part of moving near the direction of described clutch down with the described end face of going up clutch.
3. hydraulic spanner as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, described promotion part and described going up between the clutch are provided with the end face bearing.
4. hydraulic spanner as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the oil cylinder cover of described oil cylinder is provided with first annular groove that described back-moving spring is installed, and the end face that described piston is positioned at described oil cylinder inside is provided with second annular groove that described back-moving spring is installed.
5. hydraulic spanner as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, also is provided with sealing ring on described oil cylinder and the inwall that described piston cooperates.
6. hydraulic spanner as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described going up on clutch and the following clutch engagement end face has intermeshing dentalation.
7. hydraulic spanner as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described clutch down and described driven gear are integral structure.
8. hydraulic spanner as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, the end that described driven shaft stretches to described piston is equipped with journal bearing.
9. hydraulic spanner as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described hydraulic spanner is stud driver.
10. as each described hydraulic spanner of claim 1-9, it is characterized in that described operating mechanism comprises unloading overflow valve, the motor that reversal valve, check valve, choke valve, duplex pump, the described duplex pump of driving turn round and the motor that drives described driving shaft rotation, wherein
The liquid outlet of the front pump of described duplex pump is communicated with the P mouth of described reversal valve;
The T mouth of described reversal valve is in series with described motor by the cooler oil sump tank between the A mouth of described reversal valve and the B mouth;
The inlet of described check valve is communicated with the liquid outlet of the back pump of described duplex pump, and the liquid outlet of described check valve is communicated with the path of described reversal valve with the front pump of described duplex pump;
The P mouth of described unloading overflow valve is communicated with the path of the back pump of described check valve and described duplex pump, and the K1 mouth of described unloading overflow valve is communicated with the path of the front pump of described check valve and described duplex pump;
Described choke valve is communicated with the back pump path of described oil cylinder and described unloading overflow valve and described duplex pump.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310135777.4A CN103203709B (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2013-04-18 | Hydraulic wrench |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310135777.4A CN103203709B (en) | 2013-04-18 | 2013-04-18 | Hydraulic wrench |
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| CN103203709A true CN103203709A (en) | 2013-07-17 |
| CN103203709B CN103203709B (en) | 2015-06-10 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105822757A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-08-03 | 江苏兰格特自动化设备有限公司 | Balanced piston type hydraulic hand pump with functions of manual reversing and automatic reset |
| CN108436819A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-08-24 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of big load Screw Tightening Machines tool calibrating installation and its calibration method |
| CN112917426A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 芜湖协航测控技术有限公司 | Electronic force limiting method of digital display torque wrench |
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| CN112917426A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-08 | 芜湖协航测控技术有限公司 | Electronic force limiting method of digital display torque wrench |
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|---|---|
| CN103203709B (en) | 2015-06-10 |
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