CN103203691A - Thickness changeable structure grinding wheel for super-high-speed grinding - Google Patents
Thickness changeable structure grinding wheel for super-high-speed grinding Download PDFInfo
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- CN103203691A CN103203691A CN2013100826731A CN201310082673A CN103203691A CN 103203691 A CN103203691 A CN 103203691A CN 2013100826731 A CN2013100826731 A CN 2013100826731A CN 201310082673 A CN201310082673 A CN 201310082673A CN 103203691 A CN103203691 A CN 103203691A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thickness changeable structure grinding wheel for super-high-speed grinding. The thickness changeable structure grinding wheel for the super-high-speed grinding includes a grinding wheel base body, a bond layer and an abrasive layer, wherein the grinding wheel base body includes a hub, a rim and a middle portion for connecting the hub and the rim, and the bond layer and the abrasive layer are arranged on the excircle surface of the rim. The thickness changeable structure grinding wheel for the super-high-speed grinding is characterized in that the middle portion is a revolution surface, and the corresponding generatrix of the revolution surface is an exponential function curve; six balance holes are arranged on the circumference of the inside of the hub, and the inside of every balance hole is provided with a balance screw; the grinding wheel base body is made of TC4 titanium alloy materials, the surface of the grinding wheel base body is distributed with Ag-Cu-Ti (silver-copper-titanium) brazing filler metal as the bond, single layer CBN (cubic boron nitride) superhard abrasive grains are distributed on the surface of the grinding wheel base body, the high strength connection between the abrasive grains and the grinding wheel base body is achieved through high-frequency induction brazing technique, and the grinding speed can reach 600 miles per second.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the superhigh speed grinding field, be specifically related to a kind of superhigh speed grinding with thickening degree structure emery wheel.
Background technology:
Superhigh speed grinding is the important component part of advanced manufacturing technology in the field of machining, be to reach the process that improves metal material removal rate and workpiece crudy by improving grinding speed (being grinding speed), use the equipment for grinding of high efficiency, high accuracy, high automation, high flexibility, can improve workpiece working (machining) efficiency, machining accuracy and machined surface quality to greatest extent.Along with the requirement more and more higher to the machining accuracy of part and efficient of high-end industries such as the energy, automobile, Aero-Space, in research range is all listed the research of superhigh speed grinding technology and equipment as the important topic of mechanical manufacturing field by many developed countries in the world.
Superhigh speed grinding technology can realize by improving the speed of mainshaft or increasing grinding wheel diameter.At present, in the superhigh speed grinding technical study, hyperfrequency electricity main shaft is widely used, and the hyperfrequency grinding electricity consumption speed of mainshaft that is fit to the installation emery wheel can reach per minute 4～60,000 commentaries on classics.Laboratory high speed and ultrahigh speed grinding wheel structure commonly used is that the matrix center has the structure that ring flange is installed through hole mostly now, and grinding wheel diameter and gauge are bigger, the selection of material mostly is the big material of steel class density, cause the emery wheel heaviness, should not be installed on high-accuracy, on the high-revolving electric main shaft, and the raising along with the speed of mainshaft, matrix will be because the centrifugal force that sole mass produces will become the relation of rotating speed square to increase, so its central through hole can expand under the effect of centrifugal stress, cause flange and grinding wheel base body fit clearance to increase, positioning accuracy greatly reduces, the easy dilatancy of grinding wheel base body, thereby make grinding accuracy reduce, be unfavorable for the research of superhigh speed grinding mechanism; On the other hand, for superhigh speed grinding, the speed of mainshaft is high, can form airbond at circumference of emery wheel, produce a large amount of heats owing to rubbing action between wheel face and the air, consume a part of spindle power, and the grinding wheel structure of using always at present, all be made up of several parts plane between its wheel hub and the wheel rim, under comparing, this part replaces the plane with curved surface, wheel face can obtain better air-flow character, reduce the influence of airbond effect, can realize farthest that whole grinding wheel base body stress is uniform simultaneously, approximate equal strength.At present existing part Study person is optimized simulation analysis by simulation optimization software to grinding wheel structure, but its general route all is to carry out simulation optimization then by the given several fixed point coordinate positions of elder generation, obtain having the ultrahigh speed grinding wheel structure of curved surface at last, because surface geometry relation or expression formula are uncertain, very big to processing this ultrahigh speed grinding wheel structure difficulty, do not see yet that so far having relevant report to mention by this kind route processes the ultrahigh speed grinding wheel structure for the research of superhigh speed grinding mechanism.
Summary of the invention:
Goal of the invention:
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of suitable superhigh speed grinding with thickening degree structure emery wheel, thereby can carry out the research of superhigh speed grinding mechanism to difficult-to-machine material.
Technical scheme:
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has taked following technical scheme:
A kind of superhigh speed grinding is with thickening degree structure emery wheel, comprise grinding wheel base body, bonding agent layer and abrasive material, described grinding wheel base body comprises wheel hub, wheel rim and the interlude that connects described wheel hub and wheel rim, described bonding agent layer and abrasive material are positioned at the outer round surface of described wheel rim, it is characterized in that: described interlude is surface of revolution, the corresponding bus of this surface of revolution is the exponential function curve, the meeting geometric equation:
Wherein, 0.027m≤r≤0.104m, n and k are constant, and 0＜n＜10,0＜k＜10.
As further optimization of the present invention, n=2.3 wherein, k=0.9.
Two ends at described interlude are connected by the rounding transition with the junction of described wheel hub and wheel rim.
Described hub portion cylinder step is along axis rear and front end symmetric design, and the rear end external cylindrical surface cooperates with high-speed electric main shaft link endoporus zero clearance, is all locating surface with the rear end end face; The front end external cylindrical surface is used for measuring the emery wheel circle and beats.
The indoor design of described wheel hub front end has six balance pipes, and a mass screw all is installed in each balance pipe.
Through hole can't be installed by blue dish in described grinding wheel base body center, and the circumferential through hole of 60 ° of uniform six diameter 7mm at interval attaches it on the high-speed electric main shaft by six high strength M6 screws in the round upper edge that near central diameter is 24mm.
Described grinding wheel base body adopts the TC4 titanium alloy material, and wheel rim surface is furnished with the Ag-Cu-Ti solder as bond, and at its surperficial ordered arrangement individual layer CBN super hard abrasive.Realize that by high-frequency induction brazing technology abrasive material is connected with grinding wheel base body high strength, grinding speed can reach 600m/s.
Beneficial effect:
1, superhigh speed grinding of the present invention is with thickening degree structure emery wheel, center hub is thicker, intensity is higher, its rear end is used for the emery wheel location and installation to electric main shaft interface end, measuring circle when front end can be used for the emery wheel revolution beats, the rim section size satisfies actual grinding instructions for use, thinner relatively, can reduce load and total quality, the interlude by one section surface of revolution between wheel hub and the wheel rim is connected, especially adopted n=2.3, the function curve of k=0.9 realizes that at utmost the grinding wheel base body stress distribution is even, approximate equal strength, grinding wheel base body surface aerodynamic characteristic is good, can effectively reduce the airbond effect.On the other hand, grinding wheel base body each several part physical dimension determines that the curvature portion that especially connects between wheel hub and the wheel rim can machine by numerical control program.
2, the grinding wheel base body wheel rim surface is furnished with the Ag-Cu-Ti solder as bond, the individual layer CBN super-hard abrasive of arranging on its surface then, by high-frequency induction brazing technology, realize that abrasive particle is connected with grinding wheel base body high strength, in the superhigh speed grinding process, abrasive particle and substrate combinating strength height, difficult drop-off, grinding speed can reach 600m/s.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is superhigh speed grinding of the present invention with thickening degree structure emery wheel front view;
Fig. 2 is that structural representation is cutd open in the A-A rotation of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the I portion enlarged diagram of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is superhigh speed grinding with thickening degree grinding wheel base body structural representation;
The title of each label among the figure: 1, grinding wheel base body; 2, bonding agent layer; 3, abrasive material.
10, rear end external cylindrical surface; 11, wheel hub; 12, through hole is installed; 13, rear end end face; 14, mass screw; 15, balance pipe; 16, rounding; 17, surface of revolution; 18, wheel rim; 19, wheel rim external cylindrical surface; 20, front end external cylindrical surface.
The specific embodiment:
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and instantiation:
As shown in Figure 1, superhigh speed grinding of the present invention is with thickening degree structure emery wheel front view.
As shown in Figure 2, superhigh speed grinding cuts open in the structural representation with the rotation of thickening degree structure emery wheel, mainly contains grinding wheel base body 1, in grinding wheel base body 1 surface arrangement bonding agent layer 2 and abrasive material 3 is arranged.
As shown in Figure 4, superhigh speed grinding is with in the thickening degree structure grinding wheel base body structural representation, and grinding wheel base body 1 adopts the approximate equal strength structural design of thickening degree.Impellers such as high-speed rotating machine such as aero-engine, steam turbine and gas turbine often are reduced to the rotating circular disk model, and it often adopts the equal strength structural design in manufacturing and designing, and in engineering, the equal strength structural design generally requires the circumference stress σ of part inside
θ, radial stress σ
rWith mean stress σ
0Should satisfy σ between the three
θ=σ
r=σ
0=const, when deriving rotational circle disk-like accessory equal strength structural design according to application plastoelasticity knowledge, its corresponding revolution curve should satisfy curvilinear equation:
Consider that superhigh speed grinding with emery wheel installation and polishing width problem, must design have wheel hub 11 in the middle of the grinding wheel base body 1, its cylinder step rear end external cylindrical surface 10 is used for cooperating with endoporus zero clearance, electric main shaft interface end axis hole.Grinding wheel base body 1 outer periphery is used for bonded abrasive and carries out grinding in respect of wheel rim 18.Consider and adopt the equal strength structural design, part adopts surface of revolution 17 to connect between wheel hub 11 and the wheel rim 18, and its corresponding curve satisfies exponential equation:
(0.027m≤r≤0.104m), thus whole grinding wheel base body is thick middle, thin edge, and overall for being similar to the equal strength structural design.
Based on the restriction of present superhigh speed grinding electricity consumption spindle technology level, usually, grinding electricity consumption maximum speed of spindle is about 30000r/min～50000r/min, and its core diameter is about φ 35mm～φ 50mm.Because in the process of experimental, with the supporting emery wheel of electric main shaft frequent dismounting and change possibly, and consider cost and processing complexity, so with emery wheel wheel hub 11 cylinder steps as axle, endoporus is made in electric main shaft interface end, the zero clearance cooperates between the two.Getting wheel hub 11 diameters is φ 42mm, and its gross thickness is 42mm, overhangs highly to be 8mm, and grinding wheel diameter is φ 240mm.
On the other hand, superhigh speed grinding also is superfine grinding, and the load that spindle nose bears should be as much as possible little.At present, grinding electricity consumption main shaft peak power is generally about 15kw～35kw, and grinding power P
Mill=F
tV
s=F'
tBv
s, (F'
tBe the unit width tangential grinding force, B is polishing width), so grinding wheel base body wheel rim 18 thickness are got 8mm.
When superhigh speed grinding, in order to obtain the whole dynamic balance of grinding wheel base body preferably, matrix wheel hub 11 part cylinder steps are along axis rear and front end symmetric design, like this, rear end external cylindrical surface 10 can cooperate with high-speed electric main shaft link endoporus zero clearance, is all locating surface with rear end end face 13; Front end external cylindrical surface 20 can be used for measuring the emery wheel circle and beats.On the other hand, 6 M2 balance pipes 15 of wheel hub 11 front end internal circumferential design, and 6 M2 mass screws 14 are installed, the length of mass screw 14 is less than half of balance pipe 15 length, when emery wheel is being done dynamic balancing and is being detected, detected unbalance mass, can compensate by the lead of quality such as interpolation in balance pipe 15, and mass screw 14 is installed then, can improve the whole dynamic balancing characteristic of ultrahigh speed emery wheel so to a great extent.
Through hole can't be installed by blue dish in described grinding wheel base body 1 center, and the circumferential installation through hole 12 of 60 ° of uniform 6 diameter 7mm at interval attaches it on the high-speed electric main shaft by 6 high strength M6 screws in the round upper edge that near central diameter is 24mm.
The surface of revolution 17 corresponding curvilinear equations that connect between wheel hub 11 and the wheel rim 18 satisfy exponential equation:
(0.027m≤r≤0.104m), have two constants of n and k undetermined in the expression formula adopts Optimization Design, preestablishes n=2 and k=0.8, so far, can determine the grinding wheel base body physical dimension fully.Utilize the grinding wheel base body of finite element software ansys to carry out modeling, material is titanium alloy TC 4, load then: linear velocity is 450m/s, by analysis, obtaining grinding wheel base body maximum radial stress value Sxmax is 416MPa, maximum of hoop stress value Symax is 250MPa, and maximum is positioned at wheel hub 11 and surface of revolution 17 junctions, then with n and k as optimizing variable, excursion is (0,10), grinding wheel base body is optimized as object function with matrix maximum radial stress, the result that is optimized is n=2.3 and k=0.9, and this moment, matrix maximum of hoop stress value was 365MPa, was positioned at matrix wheel hub and surface of revolution junction.Before and after optimizing, contrast obtains data such as following table:
From last table data as can be seen, by after treating grinding wheel base body that quantitative n and k preestablish initial value and being optimized, grinding wheel base body weight has reduced 28.6%, maximum radial stress has reduced 12.3%, maximum of hoop stress has reduced 14.4%, maximum equivalent has reduced 12.5%, and the maximum radial deflection has increased by 9.2%, takes all factors into consideration the back and determines that 17 corresponding curvilinear equations of grinding wheel base body surface of revolution are:
(0.027m≤r≤0.104m).And be 2mm rounding 16 with surface of revolution 17 and surface of revolution 17 with wheel rim 18 junction design radials at wheel hub 11, concentrate to reduce stress.
In order to reduce electric main shaft interface end bearing load as much as possible, and take into account grinding wheel base body maximum equivalent and maximum radial deflection, grinding wheel base body of the present invention adopts the TC4 titanium alloy material, its density is littler than steel, thereby emery wheel weight only is steel material emery wheel 61%, and matrix maximum equivalent and maximum radial deflection are all little than steel material matrix.Matrix obtains through processing technologys such as blanking, annealing, rough turn, modulation, finish turning, correct grinding, matrix finishings.
Described grinding wheel base body wheel rim external cylindrical surface 19 is furnished with the Ag-Cu-Ti solder as bond, consider that conventional abrasive material is easily broken when superhigh speed grinding, the present invention adopts at solder surface ordered arrangement individual layer CBN super-hard abrasive, by high-frequency induction brazing technology, realize that abrasive particle is connected with grinding wheel base body high strength, in the superhigh speed grinding process, abrasive particle and substrate combinating strength height, difficult drop-off, grinding speed can reach 600m/s, is more suitable in the research of superhigh speed grinding technology.
Claims (6)
1. a superhigh speed grinding is with thickening degree structure emery wheel, comprise grinding wheel base body, bonding agent layer and abrasive material, described grinding wheel base body comprises wheel hub, wheel rim and the interlude that connects described wheel hub and wheel rim, described bonding agent layer and abrasive material are positioned at the outer round surface of described wheel rim, it is characterized in that: described interlude is surface of revolution, the corresponding bus of this surface of revolution is the exponential function curve, the meeting geometric equation:
Wherein, 0.027m≤r≤0.104m, n and k are constant, and 0＜n＜10,0＜k＜10.
2. a kind of superhigh speed grinding according to claim 1 is characterized in that: n=2.3, k=0.9 with thickening degree structure emery wheel.
3. a kind of superhigh speed grinding according to claim 1 and 2 is with thickening degree structure emery wheel, and it is characterized in that: the two ends at described interlude are connected by the rounding transition with the junction of described wheel hub and wheel rim.
4. a kind of superhigh speed grinding according to claim 3 is with thickening degree structure emery wheel, it is characterized in that: described hub portion cylinder step is along axis rear and front end symmetric design, the rear end external cylindrical surface cooperates with high-speed electric main shaft link endoporus zero clearance, is all locating surface with the rear end end face; The front end external cylindrical surface is used for measuring the emery wheel circle and beats.
5. a kind of superhigh speed grinding according to claim 4 is with thickening degree structure emery wheel, and it is characterized in that: there are six balance pipes described wheel hub front end inside, and a mass screw all is installed in each balance pipe.
6. a kind of superhigh speed grinding according to claim 3 is with thickening degree structure emery wheel, it is characterized in that: described grinding wheel base body adopts the TC4 titanium alloy material, wheel rim surface is furnished with the Ag-Cu-Ti solder as bond, and the individual layer CBN super hard abrasive of arranging on its surface.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310082673.1A CN103203691B (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2013-03-14 | A kind of superhigh speed grinding Varying-thickness structure emery wheel |
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| CN201310082673.1A CN103203691B (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2013-03-14 | A kind of superhigh speed grinding Varying-thickness structure emery wheel |
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| CN103203691A true CN103203691A (en) | 2013-07-17 |
| CN103203691B CN103203691B (en) | 2015-07-29 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103586784A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Composite grinding wheel for super-speed grinding |
| CN107237837A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-10 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | A kind of bearing locking component |
| CN110026915A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-19 | 郑州市宇弘磨料磨具有限公司 | Ultra-thin resin abrasive cutting wheel of a kind of single side enhancing and preparation method thereof |
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| JPH07124868A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-05-16 | Toyoda Mach Works Ltd | Super high speed grinding wheel |
| JP2004025398A (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-29 | Nitolex Honsha:Kk | Ultra high-speed grinding wheel and its manufacturing method |
| CN102172899A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2011-09-07 | 巩亚东 | Novel superspeed point grinding wheel and grinding method thereof |
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2013
- 2013-03-14 CN CN201310082673.1A patent/CN103203691B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH07124868A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-05-16 | Toyoda Mach Works Ltd | Super high speed grinding wheel |
| JP2004025398A (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-29 | Nitolex Honsha:Kk | Ultra high-speed grinding wheel and its manufacturing method |
| CN102172899A (en) * | 2011-02-17 | 2011-09-07 | 巩亚东 | Novel superspeed point grinding wheel and grinding method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 宋贵亮等: "超高速砂轮的强度及基体优化", 《金刚石与磨料磨具工程》 * |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103586784A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Composite grinding wheel for super-speed grinding |
| CN103586784B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-11-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of superhigh speed grinding composite emery wheel |
| CN107237837A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-10 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | A kind of bearing locking component |
| CN110026915A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-19 | 郑州市宇弘磨料磨具有限公司 | Ultra-thin resin abrasive cutting wheel of a kind of single side enhancing and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103203691B (en) | 2015-07-29 |
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