CN103199579A - Battery unit element cell equalizing charge controller - Google Patents
Battery unit element cell equalizing charge controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN103199579A CN103199579A CN2013100860107A CN201310086010A CN103199579A CN 103199579 A CN103199579 A CN 103199579A CN 2013100860107 A CN2013100860107 A CN 2013100860107A CN 201310086010 A CN201310086010 A CN 201310086010A CN 103199579 A CN103199579 A CN 103199579A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a battery unit element cell equalizing charge controller. A buck-boost circuit mainly serves as a core, wherein the buck-boost circuit is composed of an inductor energy storage element, a capacitor energy storage element, two power metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) and two schottky diodes. In the circuit of the equalizing charge device, the inductor energy storage element and the capacitor energy storage element form a typical second order oscillation circuit, the buck-boost circuit which is composed of the MOSFETs and the two schottky diodes is utilized, and energy transfer among element cells which are small in power source voltage differences can be rapidly and conveniently achieved. The equalizing charge device is controlled by a program of a digital signal processor so that energy-storage capacitor precharge, itinerant checking and storage of the cell elements of a battery unit, transferring of energy from high-capacity element cells to low-capacity element cells and the like are accomplished in a step-by-step mode. Necessary protecting steps are arranged in an equalizing charge circuit, and security of the battery unit is guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to power technology and electric and electronic technical field, relate in particular to a kind of battery cell equalizing charge controller.
Background technology
In national defence and electric automobile field, require the higher application scenario of battery pack output voltage more and more, especially require the output voltage of employed motive-power battery group to improve constantly.Battery pack is in series by the element cell of some row, and the nominal voltage of each element cell has only several volts.Because each element cell there are differences in performance, after battery pack was used the i.e. charging and discharge time through too much taking turns of certain number of times, the inconsistent imagination will appear in the supply voltage of each element cell.Because when using, each element cell can not overcharge to cross and put; Otherwise an element cell damages, and whole battery group all can't normally be used.
For the capacity of each element cell of making battery pack can both be not fully exerted in recycling process, ideal means are when the motive-power battery group is charged each element cell to be taked effective equalizing charge measure, guarantee the supply voltage basically identical of all element cells when charging finishes, have positive meaning for the life-span of improving battery pack like this.Otherwise along with the population size of the increase battery pack that discharges and recharges number of times will constantly reduce, produce the reduction of battery pack life-span, also security incident can take place sometimes.
At present, mainly contain can consumption and two kinds on non-energy consumption type for the battery pack balancing scheme.Can the consumption equalization charging circuit be to cross switching device resistance in parallel in each element cell bypass, realize equilibrium by opening the energy that parallel resistance consumption is full of the electric unit battery, make the battery of underfill electricity continue charging, avoided being full of the over-charging of battery of electricity.Non-energy consumption type equalization charging circuit has multiple mode, and the most representative is the equilibrium of many electric capacity, single electric capacity equilibrium, inductance equilibrium, transformer control equalizing circuit.They respectively have characteristics, mostly are in the exploratory development stage.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical barrier, it is the battery cell equalizing charger of core with the step-up/step-down circuit that is made of inductance and two kinds of energy-storage travelling wave tubes of electric capacity and two power MOSFETs and two Schottky diodes that the present invention proposes a kind of.
Present invention is directed to the equalizing charge that includes n element cell battery pack proposes.Battery cell equalizing charge controller technology scheme of the present invention is: by the plug CT that is connected with battery pack gang socket CZ, (n+1) individual fast acting fuse F1, F2, Fn, F (n+1), n direct current relay S1 with two pairs of normally opened contacts, S2, S (n-1), Sn, resistance R 1, Hall-type noncontact current sensor HA, energy storage inductor L, two N channel power MOS FET pipe M1, M2, three Schottky diode D1, D2, D3, storage capacitor C, eight silicon fast recovery diode D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10, D11, and battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit constitutes;
Have n element cell in the described battery pack;
The individual contact pin BP of (n+1) of described battery pack attachment plug CT, N1, N2 ..., N (n-2), N (n-1), BN by (n+1) root lead respectively with described (n+1) individual fast acting fuse F1, F2 ..., Fn, F (n+1) an end corresponding linking to each other one by one;
The other end of described fast acting fuse F1 is by the normally opened contact S1 of lead and described direct current relay S1
1Fixed contact link to each other; The other end of described fast acting fuse F2 is by the normally opened contact S1 of lead and described direct current relay S1
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact S2 of described direct current relay S2
1Fixed contact link to each other; The other end of described fast acting fuse F3 is by the normally opened contact S2 of lead and described direct current relay S2
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact S3 of described direct current relay S3
1Fixed contact link to each other; The rest may be inferred, until the other end of described fast acting fuse F (n-1) the normally opened contact S (n-2) by lead and described direct current relay S (n-2)
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact S (n-1) of described direct current relay S (n-1)
1Fixed contact link to each other; The other end of described fast acting fuse Fn is by the normally opened contact S (n-1) of lead and described direct current relay S (n-1)
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact Sn of described direct current relay Sn
1Fixed contact link to each other; The other end of described fast acting fuse F (n+1) is by the normally opened contact Sn of lead and described direct current relay Sn
2Fixed contact link to each other;
Described all direct current relay S1, S2 ..., S (n-1), Sn normally opened contact S1
1, S2
1..., S (n-1)
1, Sn
1Moving contact connect together with lead and form node P; Described node P also is wired to an end of described resistance R 1, and described node P is wired on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal P; The lead that passes the perforation of described Hall-type noncontact current sensor HA current detecting by the electric current prescribed direction that links to each other with described node P links to each other with the negative electrode of the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D4, described Schottky diode D3 and the end of described energy storage inductor L simultaneously;
Described all direct current relay S1, S2 ..., S (n-1), Sn normally opened contact S1
2, S2
2..., S (n-1)
2, Sn
2Moving contact be joined together to form node N with lead; Described node N is wired on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal N; Described node N also links to each other with source electrode, the anode of described Schottky diode D2 and the negative pole of described storage capacitor C of the anode of the other end of described resistance R 1, the negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D11, described Schottky diode D3, described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 simultaneously by lead;
Described Hall-type noncontact current sensor HA is connected on the connector base J1 of described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by the cable of positive and negative two direct current supply lines and a holding wire formation by plug connector;
Connect successively for negative electrode and anode between eight silicon fast recovery diode D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10, the D11; That is:
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D4 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D5;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D5 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D6;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D6 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D7;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D7 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D8;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D8 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D9;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D9 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D10;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D10 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D11;
The other end of described energy storage inductor L links to each other with the source electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1, the anode of described Schottky diode D1, the drain electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 and the negative electrode of described Schottky diode D2 simultaneously by lead;
The drain electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 links to each other with described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal C+ with the anodal of the negative electrode of described Schottky diode D1, described storage capacitor C simultaneously by lead;
The grid of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 links to each other with binding post 1G on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead; The source electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 links to each other with binding post 1S on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead;
The grid of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 links to each other with binding post 2G on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead; The source electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 links to each other with binding post 2S on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead;
Described all direct current relay S1, S2 ..., S (n-1), Sn coil be arranged in the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit; During described battery cell equalizing charge control and management cell operation by external power source; Described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit is core with the microprocessor, realizes battery cell equalizing charge control.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Since the present invention be a be the battery cell equalizing charge controller of core with the step-up/step-down circuit that constituted by inductance and two kinds of energy-storage travelling wave tubes of electric capacity and two power MOSFETs and two Schottky diodes.In the circuit of this equalizing charger, inductance and electric capacity constitute a typical second order oscillating circuit, the step-up/step-down circuit that the recycling power switch pipe constitutes, and the energy that can extremely efficient and convenient realization supply voltage differs between minimum each element cell shifts.Battery cell equalizing charger of the present invention is subjected to microprocessor (digital signal processor) control, finish storage capacitor precharge with following the prescribed order, each element cell supply voltage of battery pack is patrolled and examined and is stored, and the higher element cell of capacity shifts every work such as energy to capacity element cell on the low side.The present invention is provided with necessary protection link in equalization charging circuit, guarantee battery pack safety.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is battery cell equalizing charge controller circuitry schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in drawings, a kind of battery cell equalizing charge of the present invention controller, by the plug CT that is connected with battery pack gang socket CZ, (n+1) individual fast acting fuse F1, F2, Fn, F (n+1), n direct current relay S1 with two pairs of normally opened contacts, S2, S (n-1), Sn, resistance R 1, Hall-type noncontact current sensor HA, energy storage inductor L, two N channel power MOS FET pipe M1, M2, three Schottky diode D1, D2, D3, storage capacitor C, eight silicon fast recovery diode D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10, D11, and battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit constitutes.
Have n element cell in the described battery pack; The individual contact pin BP of (n+1) of described battery pack attachment plug CT, N1, N2 ..., N (n-2), N (n-1), BN by (n+1) root lead respectively with described (n+1) individual fast acting fuse F1, F2 ..., Fn, F (n+1) an end corresponding linking to each other one by one.
The other end of described fast acting fuse F1 is by the normally opened contact S1 of lead and described direct current relay S1
1Fixed contact link to each other; The other end of described fast acting fuse F2 is by the normally opened contact S1 of lead and described direct current relay S1
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact S2 of described direct current relay S2
1Fixed contact link to each other; The other end of described fast acting fuse F3 is by the normally opened contact S2 of lead and described direct current relay S2
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact S3 of described direct current relay S3
1Fixed contact link to each other; The rest may be inferred, until the other end of described fast acting fuse F (n-1) the normally opened contact S (n-2) by lead and described direct current relay S (n-2)
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact S (n-1) of described direct current relay S (n-1)
1Fixed contact link to each other; The other end of described fast acting fuse Fn is by the normally opened contact S (n-1) of lead and described direct current relay S (n-1)
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact Sn of described direct current relay Sn
1Fixed contact link to each other; The other end of described fast acting fuse F (n+1) is by the normally opened contact Sn of lead and described direct current relay Sn
2Fixed contact link to each other.
Described all direct current relay S1, S2 ..., S (n-1), Sn normally opened contact S1
1, S2
1..., S (n-1)
1, Sn
1Moving contact connect together with lead and form node P; Described node P also is wired to an end of described resistance R 1, and described node P is wired on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal P; The lead that passes the perforation of described Hall-type noncontact current sensor HA current detecting by the electric current prescribed direction that links to each other with described node P links to each other with the negative electrode of the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D4, described Schottky diode D3 and the end of described energy storage inductor L simultaneously.
Described all direct current relay S1, S2 ..., S (n-1), Sn normally opened contact S1
2, S2
2..., S (n-1)
2, Sn
2Moving contact be joined together to form node N with lead; Described node N is wired on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal N; Described node N also links to each other with source electrode, the anode of described Schottky diode D2 and the negative pole of described storage capacitor C of the anode of the other end of described resistance R 1, the negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D11, described Schottky diode D3, described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 simultaneously by lead.
Described Hall-type noncontact current sensor HA is connected on the connector base J1 of described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by plug connector by the cable of positive and negative two direct current supply lines and a holding wire formation.
Connect successively for negative electrode and anode between eight silicon fast recovery diode D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10, the D11; That is: the negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D4 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D5; The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D5 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D6; The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D6 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D7; The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D7 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D8; The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D8 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D9; The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D9 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D10; The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D10 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D11.
The other end of described energy storage inductor L links to each other with the source electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1, the anode of described Schottky diode D1, the drain electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 and the negative electrode of described Schottky diode D2 simultaneously by lead;
The drain electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 links to each other with described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal C+ with the anodal of the negative electrode of described Schottky diode D1, described storage capacitor C simultaneously by lead; The grid of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 links to each other with binding post 1G on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead; The source electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 links to each other with binding post 1S on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead.
The grid of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 links to each other with binding post 2G on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead; The source electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 links to each other with binding post 2S on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead.
Described all direct current relay S1, S2 ..., S (n-1), Sn coil be arranged in the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit; During described battery cell equalizing charge control and management cell operation by external power source; Described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit is core with the microprocessor, realizes battery cell equalizing charge control.Described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit can be selected any a digital signal processor for use, and the following examples are selected digital signal processor TMS320F28335 for use.
When battery cell equalizing charge controller of the present invention carries out battery cell equalizing charge work, the rechargeable energy of whole battery group is all provided by battery pack serial connection charge DC power supply, and battery pack serial connection charge DC power supply is generally followed the pattern work of constant voltage after the first constant current according to the concrete charging requirement of battery pack; Circuit in the battery cell equalizing charge controller is only finished the Pressure and Control of each element cell, the voltage basically identical of each element cell when making the batteries charging end.
In the battery cell equalizing charge course of work, when battery pack serial connection charge DC power supply is the battery pack serial connection charge, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 follow procedure work in the battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit in the battery cell equalizing charge controller, each course of work of equalizing charge is finished in control.
As shown in drawings, after digital signal processor TMS320F28335 must reply an initialization by cable, output control assurance n direct current relay S1, S2 of digital signal processor TMS320F28335 ..., S (n-1), Sn coil all must not the electricity, guarantee that the normally opened contact of n direct current relay is in non-closure state.By battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal P and N both end voltage U
PN, the A/D that namely delivers to digital signal processor TMS320F28335 behind the modulate circuit of the voltage on the resistance R 1 through necessity changes the input port, carries out the A/D conversion.If U
PNNon-vanishing, then exist the direct current relay normally opened contact to be in closure state, the relay fault has taken place, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 reports to the police, and digital signal processor TMS320F28335 is in wait state subsequently; If U
PNBe zero, then direct current relay be in normal condition namely all normally opened contact be in off-state, so can carry out the precharge control work of storage capacitor C.
When beginning to carry out the precharge control work of storage capacitor C at every turn, all will according to last time storage capacitor C precharge condition to change to another be the precharge element cell of storage capacitor C, press 1,2 ..., n, 1,2 ... order change electric first battery successively.If be to be storage capacitor C precharge by element cell 1 last time, then this time changing is that element cell 2 is storage capacitor C precharge.
When element cell 2 is storage capacitor C precharge, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 at first control direct current relay S2 coil get electric, two couples of normally opened contact S2 of direct current relay S2
1And S2
2Closed, so form the battery pack socket CZ of element cell 2 positive poles through having connected and N1 end, the fast acting fuse F2 arrival node P of battery cell equalizing charge controller plug CT, pass Hall current sensor current detecting hole to energy storage inductor L, Schottky diode D1, storage capacitor C arrival node N by node P by connecting lead again, held to the current path of element cell 2 negative poles through the N2 of fast acting fuse F3, the battery pack socket CZ that has connected and battery cell equalizing charge controller plug CT by node N again; This current path is a typical inductance capacitance second order oscillating circuit, supposes that loop resistance is zero, and then the electric current in this loop is changed by sinusoidal rule in time by zero beginning, and storage capacitor C voltage begins to increase by zero; Electric current when the loop changes from small to big by sinusoidal rule in time, and by the moment of big vanishing, storage capacitor C voltage is close to the twice of element cell 1 supply voltage again; Storage capacitor C attempts discharge in the other direction subsequently, but this moment, Schottky diode D1 ended, and whole opposite direction discharge loop is obstructed, and the voltage that storage capacitor C keeps filling remains unchanged.The A/D of digital signal processor TMS320F28335 correspondence conversion input port is detected the loop current signals that Hall-type noncontact current sensor HA that battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit connector seat J1 receives transmits, the storage capacitor C voltage signal of battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit connection terminal C+ input respectively during this period, just can judge the moment of storage capacitor C precharge end according to the Changing Pattern of the two.In a single day digital signal processor TMS320F28335 detects the moment that storage capacitor C precharge finishes, and digital signal processor TMS320F28335 just controls direct current relay S2 coil losing electricity, two couples of normally opened contact S2 of direct current relay S2
1And S2
2Open.Change formal equalizing charge process subsequently over to.
Follow-up equalizing charge process is from patrolling and examining work to each element cell supply voltage of battery pack.Digital signal processor TMS320F28335 carries out the battery cell supply voltage when patrolling and examining work, from the supply voltage of element cell 1 is patrolled and examined.At first the A/D of digital signal processor TMS320F28335 conversion input port detect that battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal P and N two ends send after through necessary modulate circuit voltage signal U
PNAt this moment, though resistance R 1 resistance that is connected between node P and the node N is bigger, but, resistance R 1 resistance is far smaller than N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 and the Schottky diode D1 parallel resistor resistance that is in cut-off state this moment, also is far smaller than N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 and Schottky diode D2 parallel resistor resistance; So the dividing potential drop that storage capacitor C voltage forms between node P and node N is close to zero.If U
PNBe worth bigger, then the explanation have normally opened contact should be in off-state direct current relay be in closure state, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 output relay fault alarm stops battery cell voltage and patrols and examines work.If U
PNClose to zero, illustrate that then the normally opened contact of all direct current relays is in non-closure state, the battery cell voltage work of patrolling and examining is proceeded, and control direct current relay S1 coil gets electric, two couples of normally opened contact S1 of direct current relay S1
1And S1
2Closed, the voltage of element cell 1 is delivered to the A/D conversion input port of digital signal processor TMS320F28335 through the modulate circuit of battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal P and N two ends and necessity, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 detects this input voltage several times through the extremely short time interval, to this necessary technical finesse that is equivalent to digital filtering of detected voltage process several times, obtain the element cell 1 supply voltage detected value U near actual value
1, and store at designated memory cell.Then, carry out the voltage polling work of element cell 2.Detailed process is: digital signal processor TMS320F28335 control direct current relay S1 coil losing electricity, two couples of normally opened contact S1 of direct current relay S1
2And S1
2The closed disconnection, the A/D conversion input port of digital signal processor TMS320F28335 detect that battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal P and N two ends send after through necessary modulate circuit voltage signal U
PN, as if U after specific a period of time
PNAlso keep off in zero, normally opened contact S1 then is described
1And S1
2Still be in the direct current relay of closure state, illustrate that direct current relay S1 breaks down, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 reports to the police, and stops battery cell voltage and patrols and examines work; If U in specific a period of time
PNClose to zero, illustrate that then the normally opened contact of all direct current relays is in non-closure state, the battery cell voltage work of patrolling and examining is proceeded, and control direct current relay S2 coil gets electric, two couples of normally opened contact S2 of direct current relay S2
1And S2
2Closed, the voltage voltage of element cell 2 is delivered to the A/D conversion input port of digital signal processor TMS320F28335 through the modulate circuit of battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal P and N two ends and necessity, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 detects this input voltage several times through the extremely short time interval, this digital filtering technique that is equivalent to that detected voltage process is necessary is several times handled, obtained element cell 2 supply voltage detected value U
2, and store at designated memory cell.According to above-mentioned similar mode remaining element cell supply voltage of battery pack is patrolled and examined.After patrolling and examining, whole battery group element cell supply voltage obtains n element cell supply voltage detected value U
1, U
2..., U
(n-1), U
nThe n of digital signal processor TMS320F28335 element cell supply voltage detected value U
1, U
2..., U
(n-1), U
nRelatively back ordering by size, calculate capacity and the difference between the battery cell average size, the each outwards transfer energy of element cell and the each energy size of inwardly accepting in unit of each element cell, thereby determine the each number of times that outwards shifts energy of the higher element cell of each capacity, and each capacity element cell on the low side should inwardly be accepted the number of times of energy.And then, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 carries out the higher element cell of capacity to capacity element cell transfer control of energy work on the low side.
Shifting the control of energy courses of work with the higher element cell 1 of capacity to capacity element cell 2 on the low side below is example, illustrates that the step-up/step-down circuit that is made of inductance and two kinds of energy-storage travelling wave tubes of electric capacity and two power MOSFETs and two Schottky diodes is the battery cell equalization charging circuit operation principle of core.
At first, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 at first control direct current relay S1 coil get electric, two couples of normally opened contact S1 of direct current relay S1
1And S1
2Closed; Meanwhile digital signal processor TMS320F28335 control circuit applies a direct voltage drive that is enough to make its saturation conduction by the binding post G2 on the battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit and S2 between the grid of N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 and source electrode.So form by the battery pack socket CZ of element cell 1 positive pole through having connected and BP end, the fast acting fuse F1 arrival node P of battery cell equalizing charge controller plug CT, pass Hall current sensor current detecting hole to the N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 arrival node N of energy storage inductor L, saturation conduction by node P by lead again, held to the discharge path of the element cell 1 of element cell 1 negative pole through the N1 of fast acting fuse F2, the battery pack socket CZ that has connected and battery cell equalizing charge controller plug CT by node N again.The supply voltage of element cell 1 almost All Time is applied on the energy storage inductor L, and energy storage inductor L electric current is linear to be increased, and energy storage inductor L electric current reaches set point I
MaxThe time, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 control circuit applies one by the binding post G2 on the battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit and S2 between the grid of N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 and source electrode drive the no-voltage of its shutoff, and N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 turn-offs.Because the electric current on the energy storage inductor L can not suddenly change, its self induction voltage forces Schottky diode D1 conducting, so form by the battery pack socket CZ of element cell 1 positive pole through having connected and the BP end of battery cell equalizing charge controller plug CT, fast acting fuse F1 arrives node P, pass Hall current sensor current detecting hole to energy storage inductor L by node P by lead again, Schottky diode D1, storage capacitor C arrives node N, again by node N through fast acting fuse F2, the N1 of the battery pack socket CZ that has connected and battery cell equalizing charge controller plug CT holds to the current path of element cell 1 negative pole, and this current path is exactly that element cell 1 is the path of storage capacitor C boost charge; This boost charge electric current is by I
MaxReduce to zero very soon, when the boost charge electric current is reduced to moment of zero, storage capacitor C voltage reaches one than higher numerical value; Storage capacitor C attempts discharge in the other direction subsequently, but this moment, Schottky diode D1 ended, and whole opposite direction discharge loop is obstructed, and the high voltage that storage capacitor C keeps filling remains unchanged.And then, closed normally opened contact S1 before the digital signal processor TMS320F28335 control direct current relay S1 coil losing electricity, two couples of direct current relay S1
1And S1
2Open; Digital signal processor TMS320F28335 detects voltage U
PNSignal detects voltage to U
PNAfter signal was zero, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 control direct current relay S2 coil got electric, two couples of normally opened contact S2 of direct current relay S2
1And S2
2Closed.In a single day digital signal processor TMS320F28335 detects U
PNSignal is near the supply voltage of element cell 2, and then microprocessor control circuit applies a direct voltage drive that is enough to make its saturation conduction by the binding post G1 on the battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit and S1 between the grid of N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 and source electrode; So form by storage capacitor C positive pole through Schottky diode D1, energy storage inductor L, oppositely pass Hall current sensor current detecting hole to node P, again by node P through fast acting fuse F2, the BP end of the battery pack socket CZ that has connected and battery cell equalizing charge controller plug CT, the positive pole of element cell 2, the negative pole of element cell 2, the N1 end of the battery pack socket CZ that has connected and battery cell equalizing charge controller plug CT, fast acting fuse F3, node N is supply voltage element cell 2 makeup energy on the low side to the discharge loop of the storage capacitor C of storage capacitor C negative pole; This discharging current increases sharply, in case this discharging current increases to set point I
MaxDigital signal processor TMS320F28335 control circuit applies one by the binding post G1 on the battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit and S1 between the grid of N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 and source electrode drive the no-voltage of its shutoff, and N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 turn-offs; Because the electric current on the energy storage inductor L can not suddenly change, its self induction voltage forces Schottky diode D2 conducting, so form by node N to Schottky diode D1, energy storage inductor L, oppositely pass Hall current sensor current detecting hole to node P, again by node P through fast acting fuse F2, the BP end of the battery pack socket CZ that has connected and battery cell equalizing charge controller plug CT, the positive pole of element cell 2, the negative pole of element cell 2, the N1 end of the battery pack socket CZ that has connected and battery cell equalizing charge controller plug CT, fast acting fuse F2 is to the discharge loop of node N energy storage inductor L, and the magnetic field energy of energy storage inductor L is continued to transfer in the element cell 2; The discharging current approximately linear of energy storage inductor L reduces, and all shifts away until the magnetic field energy of energy storage inductor L, and the discharging current of energy storage inductor L reduces to zero; In a single day the discharging current of energy storage inductor L reduces to zero, digital signal processor TMS320F28335 control direct current relay S2 coil losing electricity, two couples of normally opened contact S2 of direct current relay S2
1And S2
2Disconnect.The higher element cell 1 of capacity shifts the control of energy course of work to capacity element cell 2 on the low side to be finished.
Subsequently, carry out the higher element cell of remaining capacity shifts all control work from energy to capacity element cell on the low side according to above-mentioned similar control mode again.
Above-mentioned one takes turns after the higher element cell of capacity shifts all control end-of-jobs of energy to capacity element cell on the low side, and that carries out a new round again patrols and examines work and the higher element cell of capacity shifts control of energy work to capacity element cell on the low side to each cell voltage of battery pack; One constantly repeats work with taking turns, finishes until batteries charging, can guarantee the supply voltage basically identical of each element cell in the battery pack substantially, reaches the battery pack balancing charging requirement.
If under the various situations of element cell by energy storage inductor L discharge, discharging current is also non-vanishing, because causing the normally opened contact of closed direct current relay, a variety of causes throws open then Schottky diode D3 conducting afterflow.If pass through energy storage inductor L under the element cell charge condition at storage capacitor C, charging current is also non-vanishing, the normally opened contact of closed direct current relay throws open because a variety of causes causes, then silicon fast recovery diode D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10 and D11 conducting afterflow.Therefore, Schottky diode D3 and silicon fast recovery diode D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10 and D11 are set in circuit, can prevent effectively because the overvoltage of fault or control action generation in advance may cause damage to the direct current relay normally opened contact.
In circuit, arrange (n+1) individual fast acting fuse F1, F2 ..., Fn, F (n+1) can its coil losing electricity normally opened contact fault of breaking not open occur at a certain direct current relay, and other relay coil causes quick-break when short circuit overcurrent occurring between element cell after getting electric its normally opened contact closure, prevents that serious accident from appearring in battery pack.
Although top invention has been described in conjunction with figure; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment only is schematic; rather than it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; under the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a battery cell equalizing charge controller is characterized in that: have n element cell in the battery pack
By the plug CT that is connected with battery pack gang socket CZ, (n+1) individual fast acting fuse F1, F2 ..., Fn, F (n+1), have two pairs of normally opened contacts n direct current relay S1, S2 ..., S (n-1), Sn, resistance R 1, Hall-type noncontact current sensor HA, energy storage inductor L, two N channel power MOS FET pipes M1, M2, three Schottky diode D1, D2, D3, storage capacitor C, eight silicon fast recovery diode D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10, D11, and battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit constitutes;
Have n element cell in the described battery pack;
The individual contact pin BP of (n+1) of described battery pack attachment plug CT, N1, N2 ..., N (n-2), N (n-1), BN by (n+1) root lead respectively with described (n+1) individual fast acting fuse F1, F2 ..., Fn, F (n+1) an end corresponding linking to each other one by one;
The other end of described fast acting fuse F1 is by the normally opened contact S1 of lead and described direct current relay S1
1Fixed contact link to each other;
The other end of described fast acting fuse F2 is by the normally opened contact S1 of lead and described direct current relay S1
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact S2 of described direct current relay S2
1Fixed contact link to each other;
The other end of described fast acting fuse F3 is by the normally opened contact S2 of lead and described direct current relay S2
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact S3 of described direct current relay S3
1Fixed contact link to each other;
The rest may be inferred, until the other end of described fast acting fuse F (n-1) the normally opened contact S (n-2) by lead and described direct current relay S (n-2)
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact S (n-1) of described direct current relay S (n-1)
1Fixed contact link to each other; The other end of described fast acting fuse Fn is by the normally opened contact S (n-1) of lead and described direct current relay S (n-1)
2Fixed contact and the normally opened contact Sn of described direct current relay Sn
1Fixed contact link to each other; The other end of described fast acting fuse F (n+1) is by the normally opened contact Sn of lead and described direct current relay Sn
2Fixed contact link to each other;
Described all direct current relay S1, S2 ..., S (n-1), Sn normally opened contact S1
1, S2
1..., S (n-1)
1, Sn
1Moving contact connect together with lead and form node P; Described node P also is wired to an end of described resistance R 1, and described node P is wired on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal P; The lead that passes the perforation of described Hall-type noncontact current sensor HA current detecting by the electric current prescribed direction that links to each other with described node P links to each other with the negative electrode of the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D4, described Schottky diode D3 and the end of described energy storage inductor L simultaneously;
Described all direct current relay S1, S2 ..., S (n-1), Sn normally opened contact S1
2, S2
2..., S (n-1)
2, Sn
2Moving contact be joined together to form node N with lead; Described node N is wired on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal N; Described node N also links to each other with source electrode, the anode of described Schottky diode D2 and the negative pole of described storage capacitor C of the anode of the other end of described resistance R 1, the negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D11, described Schottky diode D3, described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 simultaneously by lead;
Described Hall-type noncontact current sensor HA is connected on the connector base J1 of described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by the cable of positive and negative two direct current supply lines and a holding wire formation by plug connector;
Connect successively for negative electrode and anode between eight silicon fast recovery diode D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10, the D11; That is:
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D4 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D5;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D5 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D6;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D6 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D7;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D7 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D8;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D8 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D9;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D9 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D10;
The negative electrode of described silicon fast recovery diode D10 links to each other with the anode of described silicon fast recovery diode D11;
The other end of described energy storage inductor L links to each other with the source electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1, the anode of described Schottky diode D1, the drain electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 and the negative electrode of described Schottky diode D2 simultaneously by lead;
The drain electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 links to each other with described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit input terminal C+ with the anodal of the negative electrode of described Schottky diode D1, described storage capacitor C simultaneously by lead;
The grid of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 links to each other with binding post 1G on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead; The source electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M1 links to each other with binding post 1S on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead;
The grid of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 links to each other with binding post 2G on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead; The source electrode of described N channel power MOS FET pipe M2 links to each other with binding post 2S on the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit by lead;
Described all direct current relay S1, S2 ..., S (n-1), Sn coil be arranged in the described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit; During described battery cell equalizing charge control and management cell operation by external power source; Described battery cell equalizing charge control and management unit is core with the microprocessor, realizes battery cell equalizing charge control.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310086010.7A CN103199579B (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-03-18 | Battery unit element cell equalizing charge controller |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310086010.7A CN103199579B (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-03-18 | Battery unit element cell equalizing charge controller |
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| CN103199579B CN103199579B (en) | 2014-10-22 |
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| CN110620413A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2019-12-27 | 河北电立方新能源科技有限公司 | Energy equalization circuit of battery system |
| CN112234266A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2021-01-15 | 江苏罗思韦尔电气有限公司 | Device for balancing battery monomer voltage of battery pack system |
| US11476677B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2022-10-18 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Battery pack charge cell balancing |
| US11489343B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2022-11-01 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Hardware short circuit protection in a large battery pack |
| US11552479B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-01-10 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Battery charge balancing circuit for series connections |
| US11588334B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-02-21 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Broadcast of discharge current based on state-of-health imbalance between battery packs |
| US11594892B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-02-28 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Battery pack with series or parallel identification signal |
| CN116054357A (en) * | 2023-03-30 | 2023-05-02 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Charging protection circuit and system thereof |
| US11699908B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-07-11 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Large-format battery management system identifies power degradation |
| US11705741B2 (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2023-07-18 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Mode-based disabling of communication bus of a battery management system |
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| US11489343B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2022-11-01 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Hardware short circuit protection in a large battery pack |
| US11552479B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-01-10 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Battery charge balancing circuit for series connections |
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| US11594892B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-02-28 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Battery pack with series or parallel identification signal |
| US11699908B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-07-11 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Large-format battery management system identifies power degradation |
| US11817723B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-11-14 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Large-format battery management system with in-rush protection using multiple thermistors |
| US11848580B2 (en) | 2020-06-02 | 2023-12-19 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Broadcast of discharge current based on state-of-health imbalance between battery packs |
| US11705741B2 (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2023-07-18 | Inventus Power, Inc. | Mode-based disabling of communication bus of a battery management system |
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Effective date of registration: 20201225 Address after: 236200 Yingshang County Industrial Park, Fuyang, Anhui Patentee after: ANHUI DENGGUAN NEW ENERGY ELECTRIC CAR TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: Room 402, building 24, Yuzhou Zunfu, Jinghai Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin Patentee before: Tianjin Dingsheng Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Effective date of registration: 20201225 Address after: Room 402, building 24, Yuzhou Zunfu, Jinghai Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin Patentee after: Tianjin Dingsheng Technology Development Co.,Ltd. Address before: 300072 Tianjin City, Nankai District Wei Jin Road No. 92 Patentee before: Tianjin University |
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