CN103198179B - A kind of downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree, first the evaluation index of center land use structure is determined, utilize AUTOCAD vector edition software building center land use structure model, then each center land use structure model is superposed, build center Land_use change dislocation degree evaluation model; Then each center, city Vector Topographic Map data is obtained; Then utilize AUTOCAD software to calculate and obtain each achievement data, obtain center land use structure model; Again each center land use structure model superposed and analyzes, obtaining downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index; On this basis, with AUTOCAD software for workbench finally, adjustment-evaluate-promote center land utilization efficiency.The present invention, based on data that are accurate, that should measure, is adjusted by direct visual means, promotes downtown area land utilization efficiency.

Description

A kind of downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree, belong to city planning technical field.

Background technology

Current city planning exist is larger in land use morphology determination randomness, blindness, do not have effective Land_use change guide for method people to develop limited land resource rationally and effectively, also lack the total tune in corresponding city scope and feedback method simultaneously.

Correlative study method has breakthrough in relevant tourism planning field, Tourism Economy spatial offset degree is proposed, reflect the dislocation relation (Zi) between tourist resources layout and actual tourism demand with the gap of development of regional tourism level index (Xi) and regional travel resources index (Yi), set up funtcional relationship as follows:

$Y_i=y_i/{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^n{y}_i,$ Yi is the tourist resources (formula 1) in i region

$X_i=x_i/{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^n{x}_i,$ Xi is the tourist earnings (formula 2) in i region

Z _i=(X _i-Y _i) × 100 (formula 3)

But above-mentioned Tourism Economy spatial offset degree in city planning exist in certain limitation, therefore need to provide evaluation and the feedback method of Land_use change dislocation development in center within the scope of a kind of whole city, adjustment at any time and control downtown area land utilization, to improve center land utilization efficiency.

Summary of the invention

Goal of the invention: for problems of the prior art with not enough, the invention provides a kind of downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree, the present invention is directed to the reality of downtown area Land_use change homogeneity, on the basis of land use structure model, build dislocation degree evaluation model, thus reach the object of the efficiency utilization in soil, center.

Technical scheme: a kind of downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree, first the evaluation index of center land use structure is determined, utilize AUTOCAD vector edition software building center land use structure model, then each center land use structure model is superposed, build center Land_use change dislocation degree evaluation model; Then each center, city Vector Topographic Map data is obtained; Then utilize AUTOCAD software to calculate and obtain each achievement data, obtain center land use structure model; Again each center land use structure model superposed and analyzes, obtaining downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index; On this basis, with AUTOCAD software for workbench finally, adjustment-evaluate-promote center land utilization efficiency.Comprise the following steps:

Step 1: the evaluation index determining center land use structure.Public service functions are core functions of downtown area, its structural relation also determines the composition of industry feature of center, and the development of all kinds of service sector must combine with corresponding Land_use change, therefore in planning, reflect the relation of the industrial structure with the situation of Land_use change.With regard to the public service functions of center, type of production COS, biotype COS and public type COS can be divided into, wherein, type of production service sector and biotype service sector are the leading roles of center, and in public type service, only part function is larger on the impact of center plot structure.On this basis, finally choose eight service industry classifications to reflect the dislocation development situation of center, corresponding index is the land area proportion of eight class service industries, and eight class lands used are respectively: A1(row noise land used), A2(cultural facility land used), B11(retail trade land used), B12(wholesale market land used), B14(hotel land used), B21(banking and insurance business land used), B28(exhibitions land used), B29(business setting land used);

Step 2: build center land use structure model, in AUTOCAD software, with the eight class service industries determined for axle, with the proportion of all kinds of land used for evaluation index, set up the radar mockup of the land use structure of center.In concrete model computation process, data target is relative proportion index, therefore can not do requirement for the length of axis and the ratio of model, but must ensure that the evaluation model that multiple center is formed is necessary for common scale and size;

Step 3: each center land use structure model is superposed, build center Land_use change dislocation degree evaluation model, center Land_use change dislocation degree index can be determined with following function model on this basis:

$D=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{d=1}^n{a}_d}{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^n{a}_i}=\frac{A_d}{A_i}$

In formula: " D " represents center Land_use change dislocation degree index, " a _d" represent the area of d dislocation figure institute overlay area, " A _d" represent in dislocation degree evaluation model the total graphic area that misplaces, " a _i" represent the area coverage of i-th downtown area land use structure model, " A _i" represent the total area of each center, city land use structure model;

D value reflects the development degree of misalignment between all centers, a city, D value higher then between each center functional difference larger, more be conducive to the dislocation development of each center and the efficiency utilization in soil, otherwise, then represent that Zhong Ge center, the city degree of homogenization is higher, more easily form the competition in resource and market, be unfavorable for the development of urban whole and the raising of land utilization efficiency.

Step 4: obtain each center, city Vector Topographic Map data, as the basis of data statistics, calculating;

Step 5: due to Vector Topographic Map mapping with become to scheme to need the longer cycle, therefore the Vector Topographic Map data obtained often can not reflect the latest development of Land_use change, the reply each center land use in city present situation carries out field survey, and check with Vector Topographic Map, leakage detection is filled a vacancy, and forms up-to-date complete vector topographic map data data;

Step 6: by each for city center Vector Topographic Map data with DWG file form input AUTOCAD vector edition software, utilizes software closed polygon rendering order and area measurement, stat commands, obtains the land area data of each evaluation index;

Step 7: according to the area data of each center eight, the city class land used obtained, calculate its proportion separately, and defeated AUTOCAD software, obtain the land use structure model of each center, city;

Step 8: by step 3 method, calculate the area coverage of each center land use structure model respectively, and downtown area land use structure model is superposed, calculate the dislocation development space area coverage of each center Land_use change, by the data input downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree evaluation model obtained, downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index can be obtained;

Step 9: with AUTOCAD software for workbench, by visual window adjusting each center land use morphology, repeat step 6, step 7, step 8, according to the downtown area dislocation degree index variation situation repeatedly evaluated, determine each center land use morphology, promote center land utilization efficiency.

Wherein step 2 is specially:

Step 2.1: in AUTOCAD software, with the eight class service industries determined for axle, represent the number percent shared by all kinds of service industry land scale, utilize line segment rendering order (PLINE) and rotation array order (ARRAY) to construct the structural framework of " rice " font, axis adopts the form of " stationary shaft ";

Step 2.2: take crossing point of axes as circle, utilize circular rendering order (CIRCLE) and equidistant explosion command (OFFSET) to construct equidistant concentric circles, each ring layer spacing represents the number percent of 10%;

Step 2.3: achievement data is inputted corresponding axis, can be formed and put position accordingly on each bar axis;

Step 2.4: utilize closed multi-section-line rendering order (PLINE) to be connected successively eight some positions, each center land use structure model can be formed.

Wherein step 3 is specially:

Step 3.1: the area coverage a calculating each center land use model respectively _i, directly can be obtained the area coverage of each center Land_use change radar mockup by attribute viewing command (PROPERTIES) in vector edition software AUTOCAD;

Step 3.2: the area coverage of each center land use model is summed up process, obtains the total area A that each center land use structure model covers _i;

Step 3.3: each center land use structure model is carried out equal proportion superposition, and ensures that the axis of each correspondence represents same class index;

Step 3.4: after calculating the land use structure model superposition of each center respectively, the area a of d dislocation figure institute overlay area _d, namely only by the region that a center land use structure model covers, that is the region area that individual layer covers.The closed polygon order (PLINE) of available AUTOCAD software, depicts the border in this region, then can obtain the area coverage a of dislocation figure by areal calculation order (AREA) _d;

Step 3.5: the area that each dislocation figure covers is summed up process, obtains center dislocation total graphic area A _d;

Step 3.6: the total area A that center dislocation figure covers _d, the total area A covered with each center land use structure model _iratio, be the dislocation degree index D of downtown area Land_use change.

Wherein step 9 is specially:

Step 9.1: in AUTOCAD software, according to the feasibility of present situation, adjusts each center land utilization;

Step 9.2: after adjustment, again calculates, adds up each center dependent vector data;

Step 9.3: successively according to step 7, step 8, quantum chemical method obtains the rear downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index of adjustment;

Step 9.4: carry out repeatedly Land_use change adjustment and the evaluation of dislocation degree, obtain the center Land_use change dislocation degree index under Different land use condition;

Step 9.5: the scheme that Selection Center district Land_use change dislocation degree index is the highest, with its vector drawing for foundation, adjusts Land_use change, promotes the efficiency of center Land_use change.

Owing to being the adjustment to existing center Land_use change, so the feasibility of present situation should be taken into full account.Under the restriction of downtown area tale quale, the Adjusted Option of Land_use change is limited, therefore by the calculating of the dislocation degree index of each Adjusted Option and compare, the maximal value of downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index under existence conditions can be tried to achieve, with this understanding, each center developmental difference is maximum, can display one's respective advantages, reaches the maximization of land utilization efficiency.

Beneficial effect: the downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree provided by the invention, on the one hand for the harmful competition situation of downtown area development homogeneity, propose evaluation and the application process of Land_use change dislocation degree, have more realistic meaning and use value; Propose the method for quantitatively evaluating of center dislocation development on the other hand, constructed comparatively simple and direct model intuitively, data more easily obtain, also comparatively accurate, and data objectivity is comparatively strong, and can be directly used in the adjustment and optimisation of instructing center district Land_use change.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the center land use structure illustraton of model of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is each center, Beijing land use structure illustraton of model of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the places of Beijing downtown area dislocation degree evaluation model figure of the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, illustrate the present invention further, these embodiments should be understood only be not used in for illustration of the present invention and limit the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, the amendment of those skilled in the art to the various equivalent form of value of the present invention has all fallen within the application's claims limited range.

Based on the downtown area Land_use change method that dislocation degree is evaluated, comprise 9 steps: the evaluation index first determining center land use structure, utilize AUTOCAD vector edition software building center land use structure model, then each center land use structure model is superposed, build center Land_use change dislocation degree evaluation model; Then each center, city Vector Topographic Map data is obtained; Then utilize AUTOCAD software to calculate and obtain each achievement data, obtain center land use structure model; Again each center land use structure model superposed and analyzes, obtaining downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index; On this basis, with AUTOCAD software for workbench finally, adjustment-evaluate-promote center land utilization efficiency.

Idiographic flow as shown in Figure 1, and is described in detail as follows:

Step 1: the evaluation index determining center land use structure.Public service functions are core functions of downtown area, its structural relation also determines the composition of industry feature of center, and the development of all kinds of service sector must combine with corresponding Land_use change, therefore in planning, reflect the relation of the industrial structure with the situation of Land_use change.With regard to the public service functions of center, type of production COS, biotype COS and public type COS can be divided into, wherein, type of production service sector and biotype service sector are the leading roles of center, and in public type service, only part function is larger on the impact of center plot structure.On this basis, finally choose eight service industry classifications to reflect the dislocation development situation of center, corresponding index is the land area proportion of eight class service industries, and eight class lands used are respectively: A1(row noise land used), A2(cultural facility land used), B11(retail trade land used), B12(wholesale market land used), B14(hotel land used), B21(banking and insurance business land used), B28(exhibitions land used), B29(business setting land used).

Step 2: build center land use structure model, in AUTOCAD software, with the eight class service industries determined for axle, with the proportion of all kinds of land used for evaluation index, set up the land use structure model (Fig. 2) of center.In concrete model computation process, data target is relative proportion index, therefore can not do requirement for the length of axis and the ratio of model, but must ensure that the evaluation model that multiple center is formed is necessary for common scale and size.Concrete construction method is:

Step 2.1: in AUTOCAD software, with the eight class service industries determined for axle, represent the number percent shared by all kinds of service industry land scale, utilize line segment rendering order (PLINE) and rotation array order (ARRAY) to construct the structural framework of " rice " font, axis adopts the form of " stationary shaft ";

Step 2.2: take crossing point of axes as circle, utilize circular rendering order (CIRCLE) and equidistant explosion command (OFFSET) to construct equidistant concentric circles, each ring layer spacing represents the number percent of 10%;

Step 2.3: achievement data is inputted respective axis, can be formed and put position accordingly on each bar axis;

Step 2.4: utilize closed multi-section-line rendering order (PLINE) to be connected successively eight some positions, each center land use structure model can be formed.

Step 3: each center land use structure model is superposed, build center Land_use change dislocation degree evaluation model, center Land_use change dislocation degree index can be determined with following function model on this basis:

$D=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{d=1}^n{a}_d}{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^n{a}_i}=\frac{A_d}{A_i}$

In formula: " D " represents center Land_use change dislocation degree index, " a _d" represent the area of d dislocation figure institute overlay area, " A _d" represent in dislocation degree evaluation model the total graphic area that misplaces, " a _i" represent the area coverage of i-th downtown area land use structure model, " A _i" represent the total area of each center, city land use structure model.

D value reflects the development degree of misalignment between all centers, a city, D value higher then between each center functional difference larger, more be conducive to the dislocation development of each center and the efficiency utilization in soil, otherwise, then represent that Zhong Ge center, the city degree of homogenization is higher, more easily form the competition in resource and market, be unfavorable for the development of urban whole and the raising of land utilization efficiency.Circular is:

Step 3.1: the area coverage a calculating each center land use model respectively _i(Fig. 3), directly can be obtained the area coverage of each center land use model by attribute viewing command (PROPERTIES) in vector edition software AUTOCAD;

Step 3.2: the area coverage of each center land use model is summed up process, obtains the total area A that each center land use structure model covers _i;

Step 3.3: each center land use structure model is carried out equal proportion superposition, and ensures that the axis of each correspondence represents same class index;

Step 3.4: respectively after computation model superposition, the area of dislocation figure institute overlay area, namely only by the region that a center land use structure model covers, that is the region area that individual layer covers.The closed polygon order (PLINE) of available AUTOCAD software, depicts the border in this region, then can obtain the area coverage a of dislocation figure by areal calculation order (AREA) _d(Fig. 4);

Step 3.5: the area that each dislocation figure covers is summed up process, obtains the total area A that center dislocation figure covers _d;

Step 3.6: the total area A that center dislocation figure covers _d, the total area A covered with each center land use structure model _iratio, be the dislocation degree index D of downtown area Land_use change.

Step 4: obtain each center, Beijing Vector Topographic Map data, as the basis of data statistics, calculating.

Step 5: due to Vector Topographic Map mapping with become to scheme to need the longer cycle, therefore the Vector Topographic Map data obtained often can not reflect the latest development of Land_use change, the reply each center land use in Beijing present situation carries out field survey, and check with Vector Topographic Map, leakage detection is filled a vacancy, and forms up-to-date complete vector topographic map data data.

Step 6: by each for Beijing center Vector Topographic Map data with DWG file form input AUTOCAD vector edition software, utilizes software closed polygon rendering order and area measurement, stat commands, obtains the land area data of each evaluation index.

Step 7: according to the area data of each center eight, Beijing class land used obtained, calculate its proportion separately, as shown in table 1 below:

Table 1: all kinds of land used specific density table of each center, Beijing present situation

The data of gained are inputted the respective axis of each self model, obtain the land use structure model (Fig. 3) of each center, Beijing.

Step 8: by step 3 method, calculate the area coverage of each center, Beijing land use structure model respectively, and by downtown area land use structure model superposition (Fig. 4), calculate the dislocation development space area coverage of each center Land_use change, by the data input downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree evaluation model obtained, can obtain places of Beijing downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index is 12.76%;

Step 9: with AUTOCAD software for workbench, by visual window adjusting each center land use morphology, repeat step 6, step 7, step 8, according to the places of Beijing downtown area dislocation degree index variation situation repeatedly evaluated, determine each center land use morphology, promote center land utilization efficiency.

Step 9.1: in AUTOCAD software, according to the feasibility of present situation, adjusts each center land utilization;

Step 9.2: after adjustment, again calculates, adds up each center dependent vector data;

Step 9.3: successively according to step 7, step 8, quantum chemical method obtains the rear downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index of adjustment;

Step 9.4: carry out repeatedly Land_use change adjustment and the evaluation of dislocation degree, obtain the center Land_use change dislocation degree index under Different land use condition;

Step 9.5: the scheme that Selection Center district Land_use change dislocation degree index is the highest, with its vector drawing for foundation, adjusts Land_use change, promotes the efficiency of center Land_use change.

Owing to being the adjustment to existing center Land_use change, so the feasibility of present situation should be taken into full account.Under the restriction of downtown area tale quale, the Adjusted Option of Land_use change is limited, therefore by the calculating of the dislocation degree index of each Adjusted Option and compare, the maximal value of downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index under existence conditions can be tried to achieve, with this understanding, each center developmental difference is maximum, can display one's respective advantages, reaches the maximization of land utilization efficiency.

Claims (4)

1., based on the downtown area Land_use change method that dislocation degree is evaluated, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:

Step 1: the evaluation index determining center land use structure, comprise the land area proportion of eight class lands used, eight class lands used are respectively: row noise land used, cultural facility land used, retail trade land used, wholesale market land used, hotel land used, banking and insurance business land used, exhibitions land used, business setting land used;

Step 2: build center land use structure model, in AUTOCAD software, with the eight class lands used determined for axle, with the proportion of all kinds of land used for evaluation index, set up the model of center land use structure;

Step 3: each center land use structure model is superposed, build center Land_use change dislocation degree evaluation model, center Land_use change dislocation degree index is determined in order to minor function model on this basis:

$D=\frac{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{d=1}^N{a}_d}{{\mathrm{\Σ}}_{i=1}^M{a}_i}=\frac{A_d}{A_i}$

In formula: " D " represents center Land_use change dislocation degree index, " a _d" represent the area of d dislocation figure institute overlay area, " A _d" represent in dislocation degree evaluation model the total graphic area that misplaces, " a _i" represent the area coverage of i-th downtown area land use structure model, " A _i" represent the total area of each center, city land use structure model;

Step 4: obtain each center, city Vector Topographic Map data, as the basis of data statistics, calculating;

Step 5: carry out field survey to city each center land use present situation, and check with Vector Topographic Map, leakage detection is filled a vacancy, forms up-to-date complete vector topographic map data data;

Step 6: by each for city center Vector Topographic Map data with DWG file form input AUTOCAD vector edition software, utilizes software closed polygon rendering order and area measurement, stat commands, obtains the land area data of each evaluation index;

Step 7: according to the area data of each center eight, the city class land used obtained, calculate its proportion separately, and input AUTOCAD software, obtain the land use structure model of each center, city;

Step 8: by step 3 method, calculate the area coverage of each center land use structure model respectively, and downtown area land use structure model is superposed, calculate the dislocation development space area coverage of each center Land_use change, by the data input downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree evaluation model obtained, downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index can be obtained;

Step 9: with AUTOCAD software for workbench, by visual window adjusting each center land use morphology, repeat step 6, step 7, step 8, according to the downtown area dislocation degree index variation situation repeatedly evaluated, determine each center land use morphology.

2. the downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 2 comprises the following steps:

Step 2.1: with the eight class lands used determined for axle, represent the number percent shared by all kinds of land scale, construct the structural framework of M shape, axis adopts the form of stationary shaft;

Step 2.2: be that circle constructs equidistant concentric circles with crossing point of axes, each ring layer spacing represents the number percent of 10%;

Step 2.3: achievement data is inputted corresponding axis, can be formed and put position accordingly on each bar axis;

Step 2.4: be connected successively eight some positions, can form each center land use structure model.

3. the downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 3 comprises the following steps:

Step 3.1: the area coverage a calculating each center land use structure model respectively _i;

Step 3.2: by the area coverage a of each center land use structure model _isum up process, obtain the total area A of each center land use structure model _i;

Step 3.3: each center land use structure model is carried out equal proportion superposition, and ensures that the axis of each correspondence represents same class index;

Step 3.4: after calculating the land use structure model superposition of each center respectively, the area a of d dislocation figure institute overlay area _d, namely only by the region that a center land use structure model covers, that is the region area that individual layer covers;

Step 3.5: the area that each dislocation figure covers is summed up process, obtains center dislocation total graphic area A _d;

Step 3.6: center dislocation total graphic area A _d, the total area A covered with each center land use structure model _iratio, be the dislocation degree index D of downtown area Land_use change.

4. the downtown area Land_use change method evaluated based on dislocation degree according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 9 comprises the following steps:

Step 9.1: in AUTOCAD software, according to the feasibility of present situation, adjusts each center land utilization;

Step 9.2: after adjustment, again calculates, adds up each center dependent vector data;

Step 9.3: successively according to step 7, step 8, quantum chemical method obtains the rear downtown area Land_use change dislocation degree index of adjustment;

Step 9.4: carry out repeatedly Land_use change adjustment and the evaluation of dislocation degree, obtain the center Land_use change dislocation degree index under Different land use condition;

Step 9.5: the scheme that Selection Center district Land_use change dislocation degree index is the highest, with its vector drawing for foundation, adjusts Land_use change, promotes the efficiency of center Land_use change.