CN103197641A - Heat-engine plant plant-level load and voltage integrated automatic control system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat-engine plant plant-level load and voltage integrated automatic control system and belongs to the heat-engine plant electricity generating automatic control technical field. The integrated automatic control system is composed of four parts of a gathering part, a monitoring part, a control part and a communication network part. The heat-engine plant plant-level load and voltage integrated automatic control system can conduct optimized distribution and voltage automatic control on plant-level load simultaneously. The heat-engine plant plant-level load and voltage integrated automatic control system can be seamlessly embedded in an original decentralized control system and a magnetic adjusting system of a heat-engine plant, and dispatch orders and information which is uploaded to a dispatch center are achieved by a set of programmable logic controllers and a plurality of input/output modules through a remote terminal, the input/output module, a control program of both data gathering and optimized distribution. A power supply, communication equipment and a controller of the heat-engine plant plant-level load and voltage integrated automatic control system are all in dual redundancy configuration. The heat-engine plant plant-level load and voltage integrated automatic control system has the advantages of being easy and understandable, small in online calculated quantity, capable of maintaining good economy of overall length, and meeting the requirements of a plurality of working conditions.

Description

Thermal power plant's level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage

Technical field

The invention belongs to cogeneration plant generating automatic control technology field.Be particularly related to a kind of thermal power plant level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage.

Background technology

At present, (be called for short: LDC) (be called for short: AVC) be the system of two cover independent operatings, every cover system all has independently data acquisition system (DAS), communication system, industrial control computer and monitoring and control configuration software to level of factory load distribution system of thermal power plant with level of factory voltage automatic control system.Though LDC is different with the AVC function, but the data of gathering have very most of overlapping, as analog quantity numerical value such as each set generator end active power of thermal power plant, reactive power, busbar voltages, switching value such as set state, control system switching and for example, this two cover system all need be accepted the dispatching of power netwoks instruction simultaneously.Obviously, two cover independent operating LDC and AVC have caused the repeated configuration of equipment, have wasted resource, have increased investment; Two overlap independently system simultaneously, have also increased the cost of operation maintenance in the future, so the present invention designs a kind of thermal power plant level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage (is called for short: AGVC).

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is the deficiency at existing LDC and AVC hardware repeated configuration and the existence of load optimization allocation algorithm, a kind of thermal power plant level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage are proposed, it is characterized in that this integrated automatic control system is made up of data acquisition, supervision, control and communication network four parts; System architecture is:

First opc server 1, second opc server 2, the first unit OPC client-N unit OPC client connect with first switch 1, second switch 2 by first netting twine 1, second netting twine 2 respectively; First controller, 1 second controller 2 links to each other with first switch 1, second switch 2 by first netting twine 1, second netting twine 2 respectively, first controller 1, second controller 2 are connected with a CAN bus 1, the 2nd CAN bus 2 respectively, interconnect by communication cable 3 between first controller 1 and second controller 2; First input/output module 7, second input/output module 8, the 3rd input/ output module 9 and 10 whiles of third party's communication module also connect on a CAN bus 1, the 2nd CAN bus 2; First input/output module 7 is connected with remote terminal 6 by data line respectively with second input/output module 8, and remote terminal 6 connects by communication cable 4 grid dispatching center.

Described control section is made up of first controller 1, second controller 2 of mutual redundancy, is the PLC programmable logic controller (PLC), realizes computing, logic control and communication function; Being responsible for carrying out and optimizing allocation algorithm, is the control core module.

Described data acquisition system (DAS) is made up of first input/output module 7, second input/output module 8, the 3rd input/output module 9 and third party's communication module 10, all comprise A/D(mould/number) conversion and D/A(D/A) conversion, the analog quantity of inputting modular unit collection is converted to digital quantity, output module output digital quantity; Above-mentioned input/output module all has the light-coupled isolation protection, and each module connects a CAN bus 1, the 2nd CAN bus 2 of mutual redundancy respectively, communicates by letter with controller by the CAN bus.

Described communication network is made up of two switches and netting twine, optical fiber, and communications protocol is ICP/IP protocol, and wherein switch is light mouth, electricity mouthful mixing; When apart from less than 75 meters, make electricity consumption mouth and netting twine; Greater than 75 meters, then use optical fiber and Guang Kou.

Described monitor portion is made of remote terminal, grid dispatching center, industrial computer and the monitoring and control configuration software that is installed on the industrial computer, monitoring software comprises Man Machine Interface, the operator is by Man Machine Interface on-site supervision operating mode and send steering order, the personnel that configuration software allows to have certain authority check the state of variable in the controller, revise dress Logical Configuration down, steering logic is debugged.

2 outputs of described second opc server are connected with printer 11.

Described first opc server 1, second opc server 2 be redundancy mutually.

Described first netting twine 1, second netting twine 2 be redundancy mutually.

Described first switch 1, second switch 2 be redundancy mutually.

Described third party's communication module is the communications protocol modular converter, comprises A/D mould/number conversion and D/A D/A switch, and the analog quantity of inputting modular unit collection is converted to digital quantity, output module output digital quantity; To use field bus protocol (as MODBUS, PROFIBUS etc.) always and be converted to CAN bus protocol in the rack, to improve the compatibility of AGVC system.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that this integral control system can finish level of factory load Automatic Optimal and distribute and level of factory voltage automatic control function, realized the integrated control of level of factory load/voltage; Particularly the adjustment of level of factory load secondary is optimized allocation strategy when improving full factory load responding speed, has realized the load optimum allocation, guarantees full factory better economic., saved investment and maintenance cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the integrated automatic control system structured flowchart of level of factory load/voltage.

Fig. 2 is the switch board structural representation.

Embodiment

The present invention proposes a kind of thermal power plant level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage.The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

This integrated automatic control system is made up of data acquisition, supervision, control and communication network four parts.Its system architecture is seen Fig. 1, Fig. 2.

The first redundant mutually opc server 1 is connected (N is full brand-name computer group sum) by first netting twine 1, second netting twine 2 with first switch 1, second switch 2 respectively with second opc server 2, first unit OPC client to the N unit OPC client, and 2 outputs of second opc server are connected with printer 11.In switch board 13, first controller, 1 second controller 2 links to each other with first switch 1, second switch 2 by first netting twine 1, second netting twine 2 respectively, first controller 1, second controller 2 are connected with a CAN bus 1, the 2nd CAN bus 2 respectively, interconnect by communication cable 3 between first controller 1 and second controller 2; First input/output module 7, second input/output module 8, the 3rd input/ output module 9 and 10 whiles of third party's communication module also connect on a CAN bus 1, the 2nd CAN bus 2, in switch board 13 bottoms, the air switch group is installed, air switch group both sides are installed power module respectively, and voltage table, reometer, LED light and switch, be connected to AC power 1 and AC power 2(respectively as shown in Figure 2), the voltage of power module output is connected to corresponding parts by the air switch group.First input/output module 7 is connected with remote terminal 6 by data line respectively with second input/output module 8, and remote terminal 6 connects by communication cable 4 grid dispatching center.Remote terminal 6 transmits unit information (104 stipulations) by communication cable 4 to grid dispatching center 12, also accepts dispatch command simultaneously.In order to guarantee the reliability of dispatch command and teletransmission information, remote terminal 6 carries out data interaction by data line 5 and AGVC.

Described control section is made up of first controller 1, second controller 2 of mutual redundancy, is the PLC programmable logic controller (PLC), realizes computing, logic control and communication function; Being responsible for carrying out and optimizing allocation algorithm, is the control core module.

Described data acquisition system (DAS) is made up of first input/output module 7, second input/output module 8, the 3rd input/output module 9 and third party's communication module 10, all comprise A/D mould/number conversion and D/A D/A switch, the analog quantity of inputting modular unit collection is converted to digital quantity, output module output digital quantity; Above-mentioned input/output module all has the light-coupled isolation protection, and each module connects a CAN bus 1, the 2nd CAN bus 2 of mutual redundancy respectively, communicates by letter with controller by the CAN bus.

Described communication network is made up of with redundant mutually netting twine, optical fiber two mutual redundant switches, and communications protocol is ICP/IP protocol, and wherein switch is light mouth, electric mouthful of mixing; When apart from less than 75 meters, make electricity consumption mouth and netting twine; Greater than 75 meters, then use optical fiber and Guang Kou.

Described monitor portion is made of remote terminal, grid dispatching center, industrial computer and the monitoring and control configuration software that is installed on the industrial computer, monitoring software comprises Man Machine Interface, the operator is by Man Machine Interface on-site supervision operating mode and send steering order, the personnel that configuration software allows to have certain authority check the state of variable in the controller, revise dress Logical Configuration down, steering logic is debugged.

But diffusing control system (DCS) historic data server of each unit OPC client selector component among Fig. 1 is because OPC is based on the decentralised control communication modes of Windows operating system.Can pass through third party's communication module for non-Windows operating system, use the RS485 bus, realize according to communications protocol.

Its control flow is: by input/output module collection in worksite signal (each set state), through two each other redundant CAN bus enter first controller 1, second controller 2; Dispatch command inserts remote terminal by communication cable, enters input/output module by some data lines; Optimize allocation algorithm and voltage automatic control algorithm by load, calculate meritorious, reactive power that each unit distributes, by output class I/O module (AO, DO) enter each unit scattered control system (DCS) system and excitation control system (AVR), finally finished the adjustment of load, voltage by the topworks of each unit.

Optimize allocation algorithm about the level of factory load:

Variable declarations: P _RefThe instruction of dispatching of power netwoks load, P _iBe the active power of i platform unit output, Δ P _MAX-i, Δ P _MIN-iBe respectively the bound of i platform unit load increment, N always moves the unit number for this factory, f _i(P _i) be i platform unit coal consumption curve.

1. according to coal consumption active power historical data match unit coal consumption curve: (F _i, P _i) _MBe i platform unit M group coal consumption power historical data, C _iBe fitting coefficient to be asked.By least square curve fit, then quadratic fit normal equation group is:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{C}_{i1}M+C_{i2}\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{P}_i^{\left(j\right)}+C_{i3}\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(P_i^{\left(j\right)}\right)}^2=\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{F}_i^{\left(j\right)}\\ C_{i1}\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{P}_i^{\left(j\right)}+C_{i2}\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(P_i^{\left(j\right)}\right)}^2+C_{i3}\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(P_i^{\left(j\right)}\right)}^3=\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{P}_i^{\left(j\right)}{F}_i^{\left(j\right)}\\ C_{i1}\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(P_i^{\left(j\right)}\right)}^2+C_{i2}\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(P_i^{\left(j\right)}\right)}^3+C_{i3}\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(P_i^{\left(j\right)}\right)}^4=\underset{j=1}{\overset{M}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\left(P_i^{\left(j\right)}\right)}^2{F}_i^{\left(j\right)}\end{array}\right.---\left(2.1\right)$

Separate above-mentioned equation, obtain i platform unit coal consumption curve:

2. economic optimum distributes:

The economic target function: $H=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{f}_i\left(P_i\right)---\left(2.3\right)$

Constraint condition is: P _MIN-i≤ P _i≤ P _MAX-i,

Can pass through the variational method, dynamic programming or particle cluster algorithm are optimized economic index, obtain each unit load increment size Δ P _iThis method adopts dynamic programming algorithm, and its algorithm is:

Variable declarations: X _iI platform unit total load before the representative; More than other variable symbols are same.

State transition equation: X _I+1=X _i+ P _I+1Boundary condition: X ₀=0 optimal value function:

Decision-making set: G _i(P _i)={ P _i| P _Min-i≤ P _i≤ P _Max-i, P _i+ X _I-1=X _i}

Recurrence equation: $M_i\left(X_i\right)=\underset{p}{\min }\{M_{i-1}\left(X_{i-1}\right)+f_i\left(P_i\right)\}$

The dynamic programming solution procedure:

1. order is made a list:

The first step: $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{M}_1\left(X_1\right)=f_i\left(P_i\right)\\ \mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="X"\; filenames="HDA00002974279100011.png,HDA00002974279100021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}1=P_1\\ P_{\min -1}\&le;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="P"\; filenames="HDA00002974279100011.png,HDA00002974279100021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_1\&le;P_{\max -1}\end{array}\right.$

X ₁Travel through its interval [P with a fixed step size _Min-1, P _Max-1], record relevant data simultaneously at data acquisition { X ₁, P ₁, f ₁(P ₁) in.Second step: $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{M}_2{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="HDA00002974279100011.png,HDA00002974279100021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_2=\underset{P_2}{\min }\{M_1\left(X_1\right)+f_2\left(P_2\right)\}\\ {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="HDA00002974279100011.png,HDA00002974279100021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_2={\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="X"\; filenames="HDA00002974279100011.png,HDA00002974279100021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_1+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P"\; filenames="HDA00002974279100011.png,HDA00002974279100021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_2\\ \underset{i=1}{\overset{2}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{P}_{\min -1}\&le;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="X"\; filenames="HDA00002974279100011.png,HDA00002974279100021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">X</figure-callout>}}_2\&le;\underset{i=1}{\overset{2}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{P}_{\max -i}\\ P_{\min -2}\&le;{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P"\; filenames="HDA00002974279100011.png,HDA00002974279100021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_2\&le;P_{\max -2}\end{array}\right.$

X ₂Travel through its interval with certain step-length, unite the result of calculation in a stage, calculate corresponding different X ₂The time, different P ₂Corresponding M ₂(X ₂) optimal value, record relevant data simultaneously at data acquisition { X ₂, P ₂, f ₂(P ₂).

Intermediate steps: $\left\{\begin{array}{c}{M}_j\left(X_j\right)=\underset{P_j}{\min }\{M_{j-1}\left(X_{j-1}\right)+f_j\left(P_j\right)\}\\ X_j=X_{j-1}+P_j\\ \underset{i=1}{\overset{j}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{P}_{\min -i}\&le;X_j\&le;\underset{i=1}{\overset{j}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{P}_{\max -i}\\ P_{\min -j}\&le;P_j\&le;P_{\max -j}\end{array}\right.$

Similar with the 2nd step, related data is recorded in data acquisition { X _j, P _j, f _j(P _j).

Final step: because the last stage has clearly been known X _N, therefore needn't as the front, calculate.Can go on foot in conjunction with N-1, directly calculate X _N=P _Ref, without P _NCorresponding M during value _N(X _N) value, obtain optimal value at last, be recorded in { X simultaneously _N, P _N, f _N(P _N) in.

2. backward is tabled look-up:

Corresponding full factory total load is P _RefThe time, can directly from table, find the optimization load P that N platform unit be should bear in the N stage _NIn the N-1 stage, the corresponding total load of inquiry is X _N-1=P _Ref-P _NOptimization load P _N-1According to state transition equation X _i=X _I+1-P _I+1And the like, can determine that the load in N stage is optimized allocation result { P _N, P _N-1... P ₂, P ₁, thereby finish the load distribution of entire power plant.

2, level of factory voltage automatic control algorithm

The busbar voltage setting value is sent in dispatching of power netwoks and the current voltage of power plant's bus enters the PLC control system through the AI module, by " voltage/idle conversion " module, is converted to the reactive power that full factory need provide to electrical network.The reactive power of distributing each unit output according to full factory constant power factor.

The reactive power that the full factory of variable declarations: Q sends, Q _Ref-iI platform unit reactive power apportioning cost, Q _iI platform unit reactive power real output value, Δ Q _iI platform unit reactive power increment size, Q _RefThe reactive power that full factory need send, U _RefThe busbar voltage setting value, the current busbar voltage of U, U ^kK is bus voltage value constantly, Q ^kThe idle value of the constantly full factory of k, system X impedance identifier,

Full factory power factor (PF), e _iI platform unit PID controller deviation.

2.1, voltage/idle transfer algorithm: $Q_{\mathrm{ref}}=U_{\mathrm{ref}}(\frac{U_{\mathrm{ref}}-U}{X}+\frac{Q}{U})---\left(3.1\right)$

Wherein: $X=(U^k-U^{k-i})(\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{k}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{Q}^j}{U^k}-\frac{\underset{j=1}{\overset{k-i}{\mathrm{\&Sigma;}}}{Q}^j}{U^{k-i}})---\left(3.2\right)$

When reality is used the X computing formula, system impedance is carried out through engineering approaches handle: the system impedance bound is set.When system can not the identification system impedance, getting reaches the standard grade calculated.As voltage difference U ^k-U ^K-iDuring greater than 0.5% rated voltage, computing system impedance X.

2.2, the idle allocation algorithm of constant power factor

1. calculate full factory power factor

:

2. basis Calculate the required reactive power of sending of each unit:

3. calculate the idle increment of each unit: Δ Q _i=Q _Ref-i-Q _i(3.5)

Existing excitation controller mostly is proportional controller, but the unloading phase of generator, and field voltage and set end voltage are not proportional, so that the ratio excitation controller has when unit starting is poor, control accuracy is low.Native system adopts the PID controller, and deviation is e _i=Q _Ref-Q _i, the dynamic deviation the when integral element in the PID controller can be eliminated unit starting improves control accuracy, and differentiation element can improve control response speed.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, with LDC and the AVC chemical control system processed that combines together, saved the place, investment, Installation and Debugging time and operation and maintenance expenses are used.The level of factory load is adjusted to optimize and is distributed simultaneously, and level of factory voltage automatic control system can be to total length active power, and the reactive power on-line optimization distributes.This control strategy is easily understood, and on-line calculation is little, has kept the total length better economic, can satisfy the requirement of various working.

Claims (10)

1. thermal power plant's level of factory is loaded and the integrated automatic control system of voltage, it is characterized in that, this integrated automatic control system is made up of data acquisition, supervision, control and communication network four parts, and integrated level of factory load is optimized and distributed and level of factory voltage automatic control function; System architecture is:

First opc server (1), second opc server (2), the first unit OPC client-N unit OPC client connect with first switch (1), second switch (2) by first netting twine (1), second netting twine (2) respectively; First controller (1) second controller (2) links to each other with first switch (1), second switch (2) by first netting twine (1), second netting twine (2) respectively, first controller (1), second controller (2) are connected with a CAN bus (1), the 2nd CAN bus (2) respectively, interconnect by communication cable (3) between first controller (1) and second controller (2); First input/output module (7), second input/output module (8), the 3rd input/output module (9) and third party's communication module (10) while also connect on a CAN bus (1), the 2nd CAN bus (2); First input/output module (7) is connected with remote terminal (6) by data line (5) respectively with second input/output module (8), and remote terminal (6) connects by communication cable (4) grid dispatching center (12).

2. according to the described a kind of thermal power plant of claim 1 level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage, it is characterized in that, described control section is made up of first controller (1), second controller (2) of mutual redundancy, be the PLC programmable logic controller (PLC), realize computing, logic control and communication function; Being responsible for carrying out and optimizing allocation algorithm, is the control core module.

3. according to the described a kind of thermal power plant of claim 1 level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage, it is characterized in that, described data acquisition system (DAS) is made up of first input/output module (7), second input/output module (8), the 3rd input/output module (9) and third party's communication module (10), all comprise A/D(mould/number) conversion and D/A(D/A) conversion, the analog quantity of inputting modular unit collection is converted to digital quantity, output module output digital quantity; Above-mentioned input/output module all has the light-coupled isolation protection, and each module connects a CAN bus (1), the 2nd CAN bus (2) of mutual redundancy respectively, communicates by letter with controller by the CAN bus of a pair of mutual redundancy.

4. according to the described a kind of thermal power plant of claim 1 level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage, it is characterized in that, described communication network is made up of two switches and netting twine, optical fiber, and communications protocol is ICP/IP protocol, and wherein switch is light mouth, electricity mouthful mixing; When apart from less than 75 meters, make electricity consumption mouth and netting twine; Greater than 75 meters, then use optical fiber and Guang Kou.

5. according to the described a kind of thermal power plant of claim 1 level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage, it is characterized in that, described monitor portion is made of remote terminal, industrial computer and the monitoring and control configuration software that is installed on the industrial computer, monitoring software comprises Man Machine Interface, the operator is by Man Machine Interface on-site supervision operating mode and send steering order, the personnel that configuration software allows to have certain authority check the state of variable in the controller, revise dress Logical Configuration down, steering logic is debugged.

6. according to the described a kind of thermal power plant of claim 1 level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage, it is characterized in that described second opc server (2) output is connected with printer (11).

7. according to the described a kind of thermal power plant of claim 1 level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage, it is characterized in that described first opc server (1), second opc server (2) are redundant mutually.

8. according to the described a kind of thermal power plant of claim 1 level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage, it is characterized in that described first netting twine (1), second netting twine (2) are redundant mutually.

9. according to the described a kind of thermal power plant of claim 1 level of factory load and the integrated automatic control system of voltage, it is characterized in that described first switch (1), second switch (2) are redundant mutually.

10. according to the described a kind of level of factory load of claim 1 and the integrated automatic control system of voltage, it is characterized in that, described third party's communication module is the communications protocol modular converter, comprise A/D mould/number conversion and D/A D/A switch, the analog quantity of inputting modular unit collection is converted to digital quantity, output module output digital quantity; To use field bus protocol always and be converted to CAN bus protocol in the rack, to improve the compatibility of AGVC system.

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