CN103196911B - A kind of measurement 85the method and system of the isotopic atom number of Kr - Google Patents

A kind of measurement 85the method and system of the isotopic atom number of Kr Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN103196911B
CN103196911B CN201310080491.0A CN201310080491A CN103196911B CN 103196911 B CN103196911 B CN 103196911B CN 201310080491 A CN201310080491 A CN 201310080491A CN 103196911 B CN103196911 B CN 103196911B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
laser
wavelength
imprison
deceleration
exports
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201310080491.0A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN103196911A (en
Inventor
胡水明
程存峰
孙羽
成国胜
刘安雯
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Science and Technology of China USTC
Original Assignee
University of Science and Technology of China USTC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University of Science and Technology of China USTC filed Critical University of Science and Technology of China USTC
Priority to CN201310080491.0A priority Critical patent/CN103196911B/en
Publication of CN103196911A publication Critical patent/CN103196911A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN103196911B publication Critical patent/CN103196911B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Landscapes

  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of measurement 85the system of the isotopic atom number of Kr.Cooling laser modulating device exports by cooling laser irradiation unit 85kr cools wavelength laser and exports cooling chamber to for right 85kr gas cools, and deceleration Laser Modulation device exports by deceleration laser irradiation device 85kr deceleration wavelength laser exports velocity-reducing chamber to for right 85kr gas slows down, and imprison Laser Modulation device exports by imprison laser irradiation device 85kr imprisons wavelength laser and exports imprison chamber to for right 85kr gas is imprisoned; The number of monatomic counting assembly to the atom be held in captivity in imprison chamber counts.Irradiate cooling chamber, the laser in velocity-reducing chamber and imprison chamber is respectively 85kr cooling, the specific wavelength slowing down and imprison, therefore only have 85kr is held in captivity.The present invention does not need the electronic equipment of the costlinesses such as particle accelerator, has saved cost, and due to 85kr atom is excited to metastable state, then the efficiency be held in captivity after cooling, deceleration is high, achieves efficient measurement 85kr atom number.Present invention also offers a kind of measurement 85the method of the isotopic atom number of Kr.

Description

A kind of measurement 85the method and system of the isotopic atom number of Kr
Technical field
The present invention relates to isotope measure field, especially relate to a kind of measurement 85the method and system of the isotopic atom number of Kr.
Background technology
Isotope refers to one of multiple nucleic of the same chemical element with identical proton number. 85kr is one of isotope of Kr, 10.8 half life period.At present, due to the special chemical stability of Kr gas, right 85the measurement of Kr gas isotope concentration is applicable to carries out corresponding tracer monitoring or dating.Right 85during the measurement of Kr gas isotope concentration, because the atom number in air is fixed, therefore basis usually 85the atom number of Kr finally calculates 85the concentration of Kr.
Due to 85the natural abundance of Kr only has 10 -11, therefore measure 85the difficulty of the atom number of Kr is very large.In current prior art, right 85the measuring method of Kr gas isotope atom number mainly contains two kinds.One is low dose radiation counting (Low-Level-Counting) method, and the method utilizes 85kr has radioactivity, adopts ultra-high sensitive detector measurement 85the natural decay of Kr gas isotope, obtains this isotopic content by the intensity of radiation recorded.This direct measuring method is limited to 85the isotopic rate of decay of Kr, and 8510.8 half life period of Kr, therefore Measuring Time is longer, and the intensity of adding radioactive ray is low, and is easily subject to the interference of the signals such as cosmic rays, causes required sample size comparatively large, often needs to measure in darker underground, to shield cosmic rays.
Another kind is accelerator mass spectrometry (Accelerator-Mass-Spectrometry) method, and the method first will with particle accelerator 85the high atom of electricity of Kr accelerates to very high speed, and then the atom after will speed up carries out electron detachment, obtains the atomic nucleus that positively charged number is higher, finally measures with high-sensitive mass spectrum.The method is no longer limited to 85the isotopic natural decay speed of Kr, thus substantially reduce the time of measurement.And due to no longer by the measurement to intensity of radiation, therefore without the need to more sample size, also not be used in subsurface investigation.But because this method needs special particle accelerator, therefore cost is very expensive.And the results show, the efficiency of the method is probably 10 -5, efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
The technical matters that the present invention solves is that providing a kind of measures 85the method and system of the isotopic atom number of Kr, realizes the saving to cost, and improves the efficiency measured.
For this reason, the technical scheme of technical solution problem of the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of measurement 85the system of the isotopic atom number of Kr, described system comprises: the generating device of laser of reaction type wavelength locking, light-dividing device, cooling laser modulating device, cooling laser irradiation unit, deceleration Laser Modulation device, deceleration laser irradiation device, imprison Laser Modulation device, imprison laser irradiation device, vacuum plant and monatomic counting assembly.
Described vacuum plant comprises sample cavity connected successively, atomic beam generator, cooling chamber, velocity-reducing chamber and imprison chamber.
The generating device of laser of described reaction type wavelength locking is used for generating the laser with object wavelength by FEEDBACK CONTROL, and has the Laser output of object wavelength to described light-dividing device by described.
The laser that described light-dividing device is used for the generating device of laser of described reaction type wavelength locking exports is divided into three tunnels, exports cooling laser modulating device, deceleration Laser Modulation device and imprison Laser Modulation device respectively to.
The road Laser Modulation that described cooling laser modulating device is used for light-dividing device to export becomes to have 85kr cools the laser of wavelength, and has described 85kr cools the Laser output of wavelength to described cooling laser irradiation unit.
Described cooling laser irradiation unit is used for having described cooling laser modulating device output 85kr cool wavelength Laser output to vacuum plant cooling chamber be used for right 85the cooling of Kr gas.
The road Laser Modulation that described deceleration Laser Modulation device is used for light-dividing device to export becomes to have 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength, and have described 85the Laser output of Kr deceleration wavelength is to described deceleration laser irradiation device.
Described deceleration laser irradiation device is used for having described deceleration Laser Modulation device output 85it is right that the Laser output of Kr deceleration wavelength to the velocity-reducing chamber of vacuum plant is used for 85the deceleration of Kr gas.
The road Laser Modulation that described imprison Laser Modulation device is used for light-dividing device to export becomes to have 85kr imprisons the laser of wavelength, and has described 85kr imprisons the Laser output of wavelength to described imprison laser irradiation device.
Described imprison laser irradiation device is used for having described imprison Laser Modulation device output 85kr imprison wavelength Laser output to vacuum plant imprison chamber be used for right 85the imprison of Kr gas.
Described atomic beam generator is used for the gas atom of sample cavity to be ionized into metastable atom.
Described monatomic counting assembly is used for counting the number of the atom be held in captivity in imprison chamber.
Preferably, the generating device of laser of described reaction type wavelength locking comprises: laser power controller, Laser output head, the first beam splitter, frequency mixer, proportional integral amplifier and signal generator.
Described signal generator is for sending a periodic signal to frequency mixer and laser power controller.
Described laser power controller, modulates for the electric current of periodic signal to laser power controller sent according to described signal generator, and the wavelength of the laser exported according to the Current Control Laser output head of described laser power controller.
Described first beam splitter, be divided into reflects laser and transmission laser for the laser exported by described Laser output head, wherein, reflects laser exports described frequency mixer to, and transmission laser exports described light-dividing device to.
Frequency mixer, the periodic signal sent according to described signal generator carries out mixing demodulation to the reflects laser that the first beam splitter exports and generates feedback control signal according to the signal after mixing demodulation and object wavelength, and described feedback control signal is sent to proportional integral amplifier.
Proportional integral amplifier, carries out proportional integral amplification for the feedback control signal sent by frequency mixer, and the signal after being amplified by proportional integral is sent to the electric current that laser power controller controls described laser power controller.
Preferably, described light-dividing device comprises: the second beam splitter, the 3rd beam splitter and catoptron.
The laser that the generating device of laser of described reaction type wavelength locking exports is divided into reflects laser and transmission laser by described second beam splitter, wherein, the reflects laser that second beam splitter is divided into exports cooling laser modulating device to, and the transmission laser that the second beam splitter is divided into exports the 3rd beam splitter to.
The transmission laser that described second beam splitter exports is divided into reflects laser and transmission laser by described 3rd beam splitter, and wherein, the reflects laser that the 3rd beam splitter is divided into exports deceleration Laser Modulation device to, and the transmission laser that the 3rd beam splitter is divided into exports catoptron to.
Described catoptron exports the transmission laser that described 3rd beam splitter exports to imprison Laser Modulation device.
Preferably, it is characterized in that, described cooling laser irradiates and comprises: two the just right reflectors being placed on the both sides of described cooling chamber respectively.
Described two reflectors are used for having described cooling laser modulating device output 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength comes and goes reflection between described two reflectors.
Preferably, what described deceleration Laser Modulation device exported from imprison chamber to the direction of velocity-reducing chamber by described deceleration laser irradiation device has 85the Laser output of Kr deceleration wavelength is to velocity-reducing chamber.
Preferably, what described imprison Laser Modulation device exported from the direction of six three-dimensionals correlation between two by described imprison laser irradiation device has 85kr imprisons the Laser output of wavelength to imprisoning chamber.
Preferably, described object wavelength is 85the Absorption Line centre wavelength of Kr.
Described cooling laser modulating device comprises first sound-optic modulator, and described first sound-optic modulator is used for the road laser frequency red shift 5MHz exported by light-dividing device.
Described deceleration Laser Modulation device comprises second sound-optic modulator, and described second sound-optic modulator is used for the road laser frequency red shift 90MHz exported by light-dividing device.
Described imprison Laser Modulation device comprises the 3rd acousto-optic modulator and electrooptic modulator, and described 3rd acousto-optic modulator is used for the road laser frequency red shift 6MHz exported by light-dividing device, and described electrooptic modulator is for generation of the 4 grades of sidebands returning pump for atom.
Present invention also offers a kind of measurement 85the method of the isotopic atom number of Kr, described method comprises:
There is the laser of object wavelength by FEEDBACK CONTROL generation and the described laser with object wavelength is divided into three tunnels, being modulated into respectively and having 85kr cool wavelength laser, have 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength and having 85kr imprisons the laser of wavelength and sample gas atomic ionization is become metastable atom;
Had by described 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength cools described metastable atom;
Had by described 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength slows down to cooled atom;
Had by described 85the laser that Kr imprisons wavelength is imprisoned the atom after deceleration;
The number of the atom be held in captivity is counted.
Preferably, the number of the described atom to being held in captivity is carried out counting and is comprised:
In Preset Time, the number of the atom be held in captivity is counted.
Preferably, described object wavelength is 85the Absorption Line centre wavelength of Kr;
Be modulated into and have 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength comprises:
By laser frequency red shift 5MHz;
Be modulated into and have 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength comprises:
By laser frequency red shift 90MHz;
Be modulated into and have 85the laser that Kr imprisons wavelength comprises:
By laser frequency red shift 6MHz;
Describedly also to comprise during laser frequency red shift 6MHz: produce and be used for 4 grades of sidebands that atom returns pump.
Known by technique scheme, the generating device of laser of the reaction type wavelength locking in the present invention generates the laser being stabilized in object wavelength by FEEDBACK CONTROL, the laser with object wavelength generated is divided into three tunnels, export cooling laser modulating device, deceleration Laser Modulation device and imprison Laser Modulation device respectively to, the wavelength-modulated of the laser received arrives by cooling laser modulating device 85the cooling wavelength of Kr, exports cooling chamber pair to by cooling laser irradiation unit 85kr gas cools, and the wavelength-modulated of the laser received arrives by deceleration Laser Modulation device 85the deceleration wavelength of Kr, exports velocity-reducing chamber pair to by deceleration laser irradiation device 85kr gas slows down, and the wavelength-modulated of the laser received arrives by imprison Laser Modulation device 85the imprison wavelength of Kr, exports imprison chamber pair to by imprison laser irradiation device 85kr gas is imprisoned, and in vacuum plant, gas atom in sample cavity is ionized into metastable atom by atomic beam generator, and metastable atom is successively by behind cooling chamber, velocity-reducing chamber and imprison chamber, and owing to irradiating cooling chamber, the wavelength of laser in velocity-reducing chamber and imprison chamber is respectively 85the cooling wavelength of Kr, 85the deceleration wavelength of Kr and 85the imprison wavelength of Kr, therefore only has 85kr is held in captivity in imprison chamber, and now counted by the number of monatomic counting assembly to the atom be held in captivity in imprison chamber, it is right namely to achieve 85the number of Kr atom counts.Can find out, not need the electronic equipment of the costlinesses such as particle accelerator in technical scheme of the present invention, therefore achieve cost-saving, and due to 85kr atom is excited to metastable atom, then the efficiency be held in captivity after supercooling, process of slowing down is very high, therefore achieves and measures expeditiously 85the isotopic atom number of Kr.Prove through experiment, the present invention measures 85the isotopic efficiency of Kr reaches 0.16%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment of system provided by the invention;
It is captured single that Fig. 2 is that CCD detection arrives 85the fluoroscopic image of Kr;
Fig. 3 is that in 120 seconds, CCD detection arrives 85the fluoroscopic image of Kr atom;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of another specific embodiment of system provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of another specific embodiment of system provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation of cooling laser irradiation unit;
Fig. 7 is a kind of direction of illumination of laser irradiation device to velocity-reducing chamber that slow down;
Fig. 8 is that a kind of laser irradiation device of imprisoning is to the direction of illumination of imprisoning chamber;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the specific embodiment of method provided by the invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of another specific embodiment of method provided by the invention.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of measurement 85the specific embodiment of the system of the isotopic atom number of Kr, this system comprises: the generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking, light-dividing device 102, cooling laser modulating device 103, cooling laser irradiation unit 104, deceleration Laser Modulation device 105, deceleration laser irradiation device 106, imprison Laser Modulation device 107, imprison laser irradiation device 108, vacuum plant 109 and monatomic counting assembly 110.
Vacuum plant 109 comprises sample cavity 1091 connected successively, atomic beam generator 1092, cooling chamber 1093, velocity-reducing chamber 1094 and imprison chamber 1095.It is vacuum environment in vacuum plant 109.
The generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking for being generated the laser with object wavelength by FEEDBACK CONTROL, and will have the Laser output of object wavelength to light-dividing device 102.Wherein, the generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking generates Wavelength stabilized laser by FEEDBACK CONTROL, and here, the relative stability that Wavelength stabilized laser refers to wavelength is at least better than 10 -9laser.
Light-dividing device 102 is divided into three tunnels for the laser exported by the generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking, exports cooling laser modulating device 103, deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 and imprison Laser Modulation device 107 respectively to.Light-dividing device 102 can be made up of two beam splitters and a catoptron, or is made up of multiple beam splitter, and concrete way of realization does not add restriction.
Cooling laser modulating device 103 becomes to have for the road Laser Modulation exported by light-dividing device 102 85kr cools the laser of wavelength, and will have 85kr cools the Laser output of wavelength to cooling laser irradiation unit 104.
Cooling laser irradiation unit 104 is for having of being exported by cooling laser modulating device 103 85the Laser output that Kr cools wavelength to the cooling chamber 1093 of vacuum plant 109 for right 85the cooling of Kr gas.
Deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 becomes to have for the road Laser Modulation exported by light-dividing device 102 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength, and will have 85the Laser output of Kr deceleration wavelength is to deceleration laser irradiation device 106.
Deceleration laser irradiation device 106 is for having of being exported by deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 85the Laser output of Kr deceleration wavelength to the velocity-reducing chamber 1094 of vacuum plant 109 for right 85the deceleration of Kr gas.
Imprison Laser Modulation device 107 becomes to have for the road Laser Modulation exported by light-dividing device 102 85kr imprisons the laser of wavelength, and will have 85kr imprisons the Laser output of wavelength to imprison laser irradiation device 108.
Imprison laser irradiation device 108 is for having of being exported by imprison Laser Modulation device 107 85the Laser output that Kr imprisons wavelength to the imprison chamber 1095 of vacuum plant 109 for right 85the imprison of Kr gas.Imprison refers to more than space Preset Time atom being rested on setting, such as, atom is rested on 1*1*1mm 3more than 100ms within scope.
Atomic beam generator 1092 is for being ionized into metastable atom by the gas atom in sample cavity 1091.
Monatomic counting assembly 110 is for counting the number of the atom be held in captivity in imprison chamber 1095.
The generating device of laser 101 of the reaction type wavelength locking in this embodiment generates the laser being stabilized in object wavelength by FEEDBACK CONTROL, the laser with object wavelength generated is divided into three tunnels, export cooling laser modulating device 103, deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 and imprison Laser Modulation device 107 respectively to, the wavelength-modulated of the laser received arrives by cooling laser modulating device 103 85the cooling wavelength of Kr, exports cooling chamber 1093 to by cooling laser irradiation unit 104 right 85kr gas cools, and the wavelength-modulated of the laser received arrives by deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 85the deceleration wavelength of Kr, exports velocity-reducing chamber 1094 to by deceleration laser irradiation device 106 right 85kr gas slows down, and the wavelength-modulated of the laser received arrives by imprison Laser Modulation device 107 85the imprison wavelength of Kr, exports imprison chamber 1095 to by imprison laser irradiation device 108 right 85kr gas is imprisoned, and in vacuum plant 109, gas atom in sample cavity 1091 is ionized into metastable atom by atomic beam generator 1092, metastable atom is successively by behind cooling chamber 1093, velocity-reducing chamber 1094 and imprison chamber 1095, and owing to irradiating cooling chamber, the wavelength of laser in velocity-reducing chamber and imprison chamber is respectively 85the cooling wavelength of Kr, 85the deceleration wavelength of Kr and 85the imprison wavelength of Kr, therefore only has 85kr is held in captivity in imprison chamber, and now counted by the number of monatomic counting assembly 110 to the atom be held in captivity in imprison chamber, it is right namely to achieve 85the number of Kr atom counts.Do not need the electronic equipment of the costlinesses such as particle accelerator in this embodiment, therefore achieve cost-saving, and due to 85kr atom is excited to metastable atom, then the efficiency be held in captivity after supercooling, process of slowing down is very high, therefore achieves and measures expeditiously 85the isotopic atom number of Kr.
Usually detected by the atom of ccd detector to monatomic counting device and show the image detected.Fig. 2 is the embodiment adopting system provided by the invention, and count in the monatomic counting assembly utilizing high-sensitive ccd detector to detect single 85the fluoroscopic image of Kr atom.Whether fluorescence integrated signal intensity can show to have and be held in captivity 85kr atom, as shown in Figure 2, nothing 85kr atomic time signal intensity is about 6.0k, has 85kr atomic time signal intensity is about 6.6k.Fig. 3 counts in the monatomic counting assembly that in 120 seconds, high-sensitive ccd detector detects 85the fluoroscopic image of Kr atom, Fig. 3 shows, in 120 seconds 85kr atom be counted as 32, by the measurement of fixing a period of time, the general setting measurement time is 5 hours, to captured 85kr is monatomic to be counted, and can realize trace level activity 85the measurement of Kr concentration.Our experiments show that, when the gross sample Krypton amount used is 6 microlitres (under normal temperature-pressure condition), krypton total atom number is 1.6 × 10 17(6 microlitres/(22.4 liters/mole) × 6E23 atom/mole)), and in modern atmospheric sample 85kr isotopic abundance about 2 × 10 -11, namely total in sample 85kr content is about 3 × 10 6.According to the counting rate (1,000/hour) shown in Fig. 2, can obtain in 5 hours Measuring Time 85kr counting is approximately 5,000, therefore can obtain 85the isotopic measurement efficiency of Kr is about 0.16%.
In this embodiment, the generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking generates the laser with object wavelength by FEEDBACK CONTROL, the laser with object wavelength is divided into three tunnels, export cooling laser modulating device 103, deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 and imprison Laser Modulation device 108 respectively to, be modulated into the laser with cooling wavelength, deceleration wavelength and imprison wavelength respectively.Here, object wavelength can be 85the Absorption Line centre wavelength of Kr, i.e. 811.513nm, then cooling laser modulating device 103 can be first sound-optic modulator, and the road Laser Modulation that light-dividing device 102 exports by cooling laser modulating device 103 becomes to have 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength is specially: the road laser frequency red shift 5MHz that light-dividing device 102 exports by first sound-optic modulator; Deceleration Laser Modulation device can be second sound-optic modulator, then the road Laser Modulation that light-dividing device 102 exports by deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 becomes to have 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength is specially: the road laser frequency red shift 90MHz that light-dividing device 102 exports by second sound-optic modulator; Imprison Laser Modulation device can be the 3rd acousto-optic modulator and electrooptic modulator, then the road Laser Modulation that light-dividing device 102 exports by imprison Laser Modulation device 107 becomes to have 85the laser that Kr imprisons wavelength is specially: the road laser frequency red shift 6MHz that light-dividing device 102 exports by the 3rd acousto-optic modulator, electrooptic modulator produces 4 grades of sidebands and returns pump (repump) for atom.
The generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking in this embodiment generates Wavelength stabilized laser by FEEDBACK CONTROL, and concrete implementation method has Pound-Drever-Hall (PHD) frequency locking technology, Hansch-Couillaud (HC) frequency locking technology etc.A kind of structure being realized the generating device of laser of reaction type wavelength locking by PHD frequency locking technology is introduced below by an embodiment.
Refer to Fig. 4, the invention provides measurement 85another specific embodiment of the system of the isotopic atom number of Kr, this system comprises: the generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking, light-dividing device 102, cooling laser modulating device 103, cooling laser irradiation unit 104, deceleration Laser Modulation device 105, deceleration laser irradiation device 106, imprison Laser Modulation device 107, imprison laser irradiation device 108, vacuum plant 109 and monatomic counting assembly 110.
Wherein, the generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking comprises: signal generator 1011, laser power controller 1012, Laser output head 1013, first beam splitter 1014, frequency mixer 1015 and proportional integral amplifier 1016.
Signal generator 1011 is for sending a periodic sine wave signal to frequency mixer 1015 and laser power controller 1012.
Laser power controller 1012, the electric current of periodic sine wave signal to laser power controller 1012 for sending according to signal generator 1011 is modulated, and the wavelength of the laser exported according to the Current Control Laser output head 1013 of laser power controller 1012.Here, carrying out modulation to the electric current of laser power controller 1012 can be amplitude modulation(PAM), phase-modulation or intensity modulated.Now, owing to modulating according to the electric current of periodic sine wave signal to laser power controller 1012, the wavelength of the laser that Laser output head 1013 exports is periodically sinusoidal wave.
First beam splitter 1014, the laser for being exported by Laser output head 1012 is divided into reflects laser and transmission laser, and wherein, reflects laser exports frequency mixer 1015 to, and transmission laser exports light-dividing device 102 to.
Frequency mixer 1015, the periodic sine wave signal sent according to signal generator 1011 carries out mixing demodulation to the reflects laser that the first beam splitter 1014 exports and according to the signal after mixing demodulation and object wavelength generation feedback control signal, and feedback control signal is sent to proportional integral amplifier 1016.
Proportional integral amplifier 1016, carries out proportional integral amplification for the feedback control signal sent by frequency mixer 1015, and the signal after being amplified by proportional integral is sent to the electric current that laser power controller 1012 controls laser power controller 1012.The laser of wavelength for the purpose of Laser output head 1013 output wavelength is made according to the feedback control signal after proportional integral amplification, what export due to Laser output head is the laser of wavelength sine wave change, wavelength for the purpose of the centre wavelength that therefore for the purpose of output wavelength, wavelength refers to the laser of output.
In this embodiment, the laser that Laser output head 1013 exports is divided into the beam intensity ratio of reflects laser and transmission laser by the first beam splitter 103 or power ratio can set according to actual conditions.Such as, the reflects laser of the first beam splitter 103 output and the power ratio of transmission laser can be 1: 10.
The function of the device in the embodiment shown in other device with Fig. 1 is identical with annexation, repeats no more.
Periodic sine wave signal in this embodiment can be other sine wave signal.
Light-dividing device 102 in the embodiment provided in the present invention is divided into three tunnels for the laser exported by the generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking, exports cooling laser modulating device 103, deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 and imprison Laser Modulation device 107 respectively to.Light-dividing device 102 can comprise multiple beam splitter, and concrete way of realization does not add restriction.In the following examples, light-dividing device comprises two beam splitters and a catoptron, and the laser achieved the generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking exports is divided into three tunnels.
Refer to Fig. 5, the invention provides measurement 85another specific embodiment of the system of the isotopic atom number of Kr, this system comprises: the generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking, light-dividing device 102, cooling laser modulating device 103, cooling laser irradiation unit 104, deceleration Laser Modulation device 105, deceleration laser irradiation device 106, imprison Laser Modulation device 107, imprison laser irradiation device 108, vacuum plant 109 and monatomic counting assembly 110.
Wherein, light-dividing device 102 comprises: the second beam splitter 1021, the 3rd beam splitter 1022 and catoptron 1023.
The transmission laser that first beam splitter 1014 exports is divided into reflects laser and transmission laser by the second beam splitter 1021, wherein, the reflects laser that second beam splitter 1021 is divided into exports the transmission laser that cooling laser modulating device 103, second beam splitter 1021 is divided into and exports the 3rd beam splitter 1022 to;
The transmission laser that second beam splitter 1021 exports is divided into reflects laser and transmission laser by the 3rd beam splitter 1022, wherein, the reflects laser that 3rd beam splitter 1022 is divided into exports the transmission laser that deceleration Laser Modulation device the 105, three beam splitter 1022 is divided into and exports catoptron 1023 to;
The transmission laser that 3rd beam splitter 1022 exports is exported to imprison Laser Modulation device 107 by catoptron 1023.
The function of the device in the embodiment shown in other device with Fig. 4 is identical with annexation, repeats no more.
In this embodiment, the laser that the generating device of laser 101 of reaction type wavelength locking exports is divided into the beam intensity ratio on three tunnels by light-dividing device 102 or power ratio can set according to actual conditions.Such as, the reflects laser that exports of the second beam splitter 1021 and the power ratio of transmission laser are the power ratio of the reflects laser that exports of the 2: 3, three beam splitter 1022 and transmission laser is 1: 2.When the power of the reflects laser that the first beam splitter 1014 exports is 50mW, the power of the reflects laser that the second beam splitter 1021 exports can be 200mW, the power of the reflects laser that the 3rd beam splitter 1022 exports can be 100mW, and the power of the laser that catoptron 1023 exports can be 200mW.
In above-mentioned all embodiments provided by the invention, cooling laser irradiation unit 104 for Laser output that cooling laser modulating device 103 is exported to the cooling chamber 1093 of vacuum plant 109, for right 85the cooling of Kr gas.Cooling laser irradiation unit 104 can have various structures, only need meet this structure and make having by cooling laser modulating device 103 output 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength cools the gas atom in cooling chamber 1093.Such as, Fig. 6 provides a kind of structure of cooling laser irradiation unit 104, and cooling laser irradiation unit 104 comprises two just right reflectors, is placed on the both sides of cooling chamber 1093 respectively, and what cooling laser modulating device exported by two reflectors has 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength comes and goes reflection between two reflectors.
In above-mentioned all embodiments provided by the invention, deceleration laser irradiation device 106 for Laser output that deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 is exported to the velocity-reducing chamber 1094 of vacuum plant 109, for right 85the deceleration of Kr gas.Deceleration laser irradiation device 106 can have various structures, only need meet this structure and make having by the output of deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength slows down to the gas atom in velocity-reducing chamber 1094.Such as, the deceleration laser aid 106 in Fig. 7 can be made up of multiple catoptron, and what described deceleration Laser Modulation device 105 exported from imprison chamber 1095 to the direction of velocity-reducing chamber 1094 by the laser that the plurality of catoptron makes Laser Modulation device 105 export has 85the Laser output of Kr deceleration wavelength is to velocity-reducing chamber 1094.Here, what the plurality of catoptron made Laser Modulation device 105 export has 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength is met in velocity-reducing chamber 1094 85the heading of Kr gas atom bundle, 85kr deceleration wavelength mates with the magnetic field of velocity-reducing chamber 1094, makes 85kr gas atom bundle remain in moderating process laser that Laser Modulation device 105 exports with 85kr gas atom resonates.
In above-mentioned all embodiments provided by the invention, imprison laser irradiation device 108 for Laser output that imprison Laser Modulation device 107 is exported to the imprison chamber 1095 of vacuum plant 109, for right 85the imprison of Kr gas.Imprison laser irradiation device 108 can have various structures, only need meet this structure and make having by imprison Laser Modulation device 107 output 85the laser that Kr imprisons wavelength is imprisoned the gas atom in imprison chamber 1095.Such as, what imprison Laser Modulation device 107 can export by imprison laser irradiation device 108 has 85the laser of Kr imprison wavelength is divided into the light beam of six bundle same light intensity, and as shown in Figure 8, this six light beams exports imprison chamber 1095 to from six direction, and wherein six direction is the direction of three-dimensional correlation between two.Six direction can be the up, down, left, right, before and after six direction in imprison chamber.
Can be used in vacuum plant 109 provided by the invention to make imprison laser irradiation device 108, this six direction can for the upper and lower in imprison chamber to and to be the both direction of 45 ° to the angle in the direction of imprison chamber 1095 with velocity-reducing chamber 1094, the both direction being 45 ° with this angle distinguishes just right both direction.
Fig. 9 is that one provided by the invention is measured 85the embodiment of the method for the isotopic atom number of Kr, the method comprises:
Step 901: there is the laser of object wavelength by FEEDBACK CONTROL generation and the described laser with object wavelength is divided into three tunnels, being modulated into respectively and having 85kr cool wavelength laser, have 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength and having 85kr imprisons the laser of wavelength, and sample gas atomic ionization is become metastable atom.
Step 902: had by described 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength cools described metastable atom.
Step 903: had by described 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength slows down to cooled atom.
Step 904: had by described 85the laser that Kr imprisons wavelength is imprisoned the atom after deceleration.
Step 905: the number of the atom be held in captivity is counted.
The method can be used in arbitrary measurement provided by the invention 85in the embodiment of Kr isotope system.
In this embodiment, generated the laser being stabilized in object wavelength by FEEDBACK CONTROL, the laser with object wavelength generated is divided into three tunnels, is modulated into respectively and has 85the cooling wavelength of Kr, 85the deceleration wavelength of Kr and 85the laser of the imprison wavelength of Kr, respectively by having 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength cools metastable atom, by having 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength slows down to cooled atom, by having 85the laser that Kr imprisons wavelength is imprisoned, because the wavelength carrying out the laser cooling, slow down and imprison is respectively the atom after deceleration 85the cooling wavelength of Kr, 85the deceleration wavelength of Kr and 85the imprison wavelength of Kr, therefore only has 85kr is held in captivity, and now counts the number of the atom be held in captivity, and it is right namely to achieve 85the number of Kr atom counts.Do not need the electronic equipment of the costlinesses such as particle accelerator in this embodiment, therefore achieve cost-saving, and due to 85kr atom is excited to metastable atom, then the efficiency be held in captivity after supercooling, process of slowing down is very high, therefore achieves and measures expeditiously 85the isotopic atom number of Kr.
Refer to Figure 10, the invention provides another and measure 85the embodiment of the method for the isotopic atom number of Kr, in this embodiment, object wavelength is 85the Absorption Line centre wavelength of Kr, i.e. 811.513nm.The method comprises:
Step 1001: generate by FEEDBACK CONTROL laser that wavelength is 811.513nm and be that the laser of 811.513nm is divided into three tunnels by this wavelength, by the laser frequency red shift 5MHz of first via laser, thus is modulated into and has 85kr cool wavelength laser, by the laser frequency red shift 90MHz of the second road laser, thus be modulated into and have 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength and the laser frequency red shift 6MHz of the 3rd road laser and generation are used for atom and return pump 4 grades of sidebands, thus be modulated into and have 85kr imprisons the laser of wavelength, and sample gas atomic ionization is become metastable atom.
Step 1002: by having 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength cools metastable atom.
Step 1003: by having 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength slows down to cooled atom.
Step 1004: by having 85the laser that Kr imprisons wavelength is imprisoned the atom after deceleration.
Step 1005: make t=0.
Step 1006: the number of the atom be held in captivity is counted.
Step 1007: judge whether t is less than T, T is Preset Time, such as T=5h.If so, be then back to step 1006, now do not arrive preset time T, if not, then perform 1008, now arrive preset time T.
Step 1008: terminate counting.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a measurement 85the system of the isotopic atom number of Kr, it is characterized in that, described system comprises: the generating device of laser of reaction type wavelength locking, light-dividing device, cooling laser modulating device, cooling laser irradiation unit, deceleration Laser Modulation device, deceleration laser irradiation device, imprison Laser Modulation device, imprison laser irradiation device, vacuum plant and monatomic counting assembly;
Described vacuum plant comprises sample cavity connected successively, atomic beam generator, cooling chamber, velocity-reducing chamber and imprison chamber;
The generating device of laser of described reaction type wavelength locking is used for generating the laser with object wavelength by FEEDBACK CONTROL, and has the Laser output of object wavelength to described light-dividing device by described;
The laser that described light-dividing device is used for the generating device of laser of described reaction type wavelength locking exports is divided into three tunnels, exports cooling laser modulating device, deceleration Laser Modulation device and imprison Laser Modulation device respectively to;
The road Laser Modulation that described cooling laser modulating device is used for light-dividing device to export becomes to have 85kr cools the laser of wavelength, and has described 85kr cools the Laser output of wavelength to described cooling laser irradiation unit;
Described cooling laser irradiation unit is used for having described cooling laser modulating device output 85kr cool wavelength Laser output to vacuum plant cooling chamber be used for right 85the cooling of Kr gas;
The road Laser Modulation that described deceleration Laser Modulation device is used for light-dividing device to export becomes to have 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength, and have described 85the Laser output of Kr deceleration wavelength is to described deceleration laser irradiation device;
Described deceleration laser irradiation device is used for having described deceleration Laser Modulation device output 85it is right that the Laser output of Kr deceleration wavelength to the velocity-reducing chamber of vacuum plant is used for 85the deceleration of Kr gas;
The road Laser Modulation that described imprison Laser Modulation device is used for light-dividing device to export becomes to have 85kr imprisons the laser of wavelength, and has described 85kr imprisons the Laser output of wavelength to described imprison laser irradiation device;
Described imprison laser irradiation device is used for having described imprison Laser Modulation device output 85kr imprison wavelength Laser output to vacuum plant imprison chamber be used for right 85the imprison of Kr gas;
Described atomic beam generator is used for the gas atom of sample cavity to be ionized into metastable atom;
Described monatomic counting assembly is used for counting the number of the atom be held in captivity in imprison chamber;
Described object wavelength is 85the Absorption Line centre wavelength of Kr;
Described cooling laser modulating device comprises first sound-optic modulator, and described first sound-optic modulator is used for the road laser frequency red shift 5MHz exported by light-dividing device;
Described deceleration Laser Modulation device comprises second sound-optic modulator, and described second sound-optic modulator is used for the road laser frequency red shift 90MHz exported by light-dividing device;
Described imprison Laser Modulation device comprises the 3rd acousto-optic modulator and electrooptic modulator, and described 3rd acousto-optic modulator is used for the road laser frequency red shift 6MHz exported by light-dividing device, and described electrooptic modulator is for generation of the 4 grades of sidebands returning pump for atom;
Described light-dividing device comprises: the second beam splitter, the 3rd beam splitter and catoptron;
The laser that the generating device of laser of described reaction type wavelength locking exports is divided into reflects laser and transmission laser by described second beam splitter, wherein, the reflects laser that second beam splitter is divided into exports cooling laser modulating device to, and the transmission laser that the second beam splitter is divided into exports the 3rd beam splitter to;
The transmission laser that described second beam splitter exports is divided into reflects laser and transmission laser by described 3rd beam splitter, and wherein, the reflects laser that the 3rd beam splitter is divided into exports deceleration Laser Modulation device to, and the transmission laser that the 3rd beam splitter is divided into exports catoptron to;
Described catoptron exports the transmission laser that described 3rd beam splitter exports to imprison Laser Modulation device;
The power ratio of the reflects laser that the second beam splitter exports and transmission laser is 2:3, and the power ratio of the reflects laser that the 3rd beam splitter exports and transmission laser is 1:2.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the generating device of laser of described reaction type wavelength locking comprises: laser power controller, Laser output head, the first beam splitter, frequency mixer, proportional integral amplifier and signal generator;
Described signal generator is for sending a periodic signal to frequency mixer and laser power controller;
Described laser power controller, modulates for the electric current of periodic signal to laser power controller sent according to described signal generator, and the wavelength of the laser exported according to the Current Control Laser output head of described laser power controller;
Described first beam splitter, be divided into reflects laser and transmission laser for the laser exported by described Laser output head, wherein, reflects laser exports described frequency mixer to, and transmission laser exports described light-dividing device to;
Frequency mixer, the periodic signal sent according to described signal generator carries out mixing demodulation to the reflects laser that the first beam splitter exports and generates feedback control signal according to the signal after mixing demodulation and object wavelength, and described feedback control signal is sent to proportional integral amplifier;
Proportional integral amplifier, carries out proportional integral amplification for the feedback control signal sent by frequency mixer, and the signal after being amplified by proportional integral is sent to the electric current that laser power controller controls described laser power controller.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cooling laser irradiates and comprises: two the just right reflectors being placed on the both sides of described cooling chamber respectively;
Described two reflectors are used for having described cooling laser modulating device output 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength comes and goes reflection between described two reflectors.
4. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, what described deceleration Laser Modulation device exported from imprison chamber to the direction of velocity-reducing chamber by described deceleration laser irradiation device has 85the Laser output of Kr deceleration wavelength is to velocity-reducing chamber.
5. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, what described imprison Laser Modulation device exported from the direction of six three-dimensionals correlation between two by described imprison laser irradiation device has 85kr imprisons the Laser output of wavelength to imprisoning chamber.
6. a measurement 85the method of the isotopic atom number of Kr, is characterized in that, described method is used for the system as claimed in claim 1, and described method comprises:
There is the laser of object wavelength by FEEDBACK CONTROL generation and the described laser with object wavelength is divided into three tunnels, being modulated into respectively and having 85kr cool wavelength laser, have 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength and having 85kr imprisons the laser of wavelength and sample gas atomic ionization is become metastable atom;
Had by described 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength cools described metastable atom;
Had by described 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength slows down to cooled atom;
Had by described 85the laser that Kr imprisons wavelength is imprisoned the atom after deceleration;
The number of the atom be held in captivity is counted;
Described object wavelength is 85the Absorption Line centre wavelength of Kr;
Be modulated into and have 85the laser that Kr cools wavelength comprises:
By laser frequency red shift 5MHz;
Be modulated into and have 85the laser of Kr deceleration wavelength comprises:
By laser frequency red shift 90MHz;
Be modulated into and have 85the laser that Kr imprisons wavelength comprises:
By laser frequency red shift 6MHz;
Describedly also to comprise during laser frequency red shift 6MHz: produce and be used for 4 grades of sidebands that atom returns pump.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the number of the described atom to being held in captivity is carried out counting and comprised:
In Preset Time, the number of the atom be held in captivity is counted.
CN201310080491.0A 2012-10-12 2013-03-13 A kind of measurement 85the method and system of the isotopic atom number of Kr Active CN103196911B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201310080491.0A CN103196911B (en) 2012-10-12 2013-03-13 A kind of measurement 85the method and system of the isotopic atom number of Kr

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201210387220.5 2012-10-12
CN201210387220 2012-10-12
CN201310080491.0A CN103196911B (en) 2012-10-12 2013-03-13 A kind of measurement 85the method and system of the isotopic atom number of Kr

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN103196911A CN103196911A (en) 2013-07-10
CN103196911B true CN103196911B (en) 2015-12-02

Family

ID=48719603

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201310080491.0A Active CN103196911B (en) 2012-10-12 2013-03-13 A kind of measurement 85the method and system of the isotopic atom number of Kr

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN103196911B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106440482A (en) * 2016-12-01 2017-02-22 无锡溥汇机械科技有限公司 Air-blast atomizing refrigeration device

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
X.Du et al..A new method of measuring 81Kr and 85Kr abundances inA new method of measuring 81Kr and 85Kr abundances in environmental samples.《Geophysical Research Letters》.2003,第30卷(第20期),HLS 4-1. *
亚稳态氪原子饱和吸收光谱无调制激光稳频;吴仡等;《量子电子学报》;20090131;第26卷(第1期);24-25 *
激光冷却囚禁亚稳态氪原子同位素;蒋蔚等;《中国科学技术大学学报》;20080630;第38卷(第6期);693-696 *
激光冷却获得高亮度的亚稳态惰性气体原子束和原子阱;程存峰等;《物理学报》;20111231;第60卷(第10期);103701-2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN103196911A (en) 2013-07-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Anthony et al. Observation of parity nonconservation in Møller scattering
Bemporad et al. Reactor-based neutrino oscillation experiments
CN101887009B (en) Intrinsic safety photoacoustic spectrum gas monitoring system based on optical acoustic sensor
Alshudifat et al. Reexamining Gamow-Teller decays near Ni 78
CN103196911B (en) A kind of measurement 85the method and system of the isotopic atom number of Kr
Paret et al. Transverse Schottky and beam transfer function measurements in space charge affected coasting ion beams
Lobach et al. Measurements of undulator radiation power noise and comparison with ab initio calculations
Uesaka et al. Compact neutron sources for energy and security
Rossi et al. A prototype liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber for the study of UV laser multi-photonic ionization
Tovesson et al. Neutron-Induced Fission Cross Section of P 233 a between 1.0 and 3.0 MeV
CN116124812A (en) Material composition on-line detection system based on neutron generator
Ohgaki et al. Non-destructive inspection system for special nuclear material using inertial electrostatic confinement fusion neutrons and Laser Compton Scattering Gamma-rays
Corbetta et al. Triple-GEM detectors operation under gas recirculation in high-rate radiation environment
CN203287319U (en) Device utilizing consecutive 473nm laser to measure radiation lifetime of rare earth ions in solid
CN102262080B (en) Method for measuring radiative properties of rare-earth ions in solid based on single-color continuous laser
WO2004029601A1 (en) Labelled neutron generator
CN203299126U (en) Device for measuring radiation lifetime of rare earth ions in solid by continuously utilizing 532nm laser device
Arutyunyan et al. Electron Beam Loss Monitor of Areal Accelerator Based on Pin-Photodiodes
RU2356036C2 (en) Method of detecting and identifying covered dangerous objects
Huang et al. p-Carbon CNI polarimetry in the AGS and RHIC.
Djie et al. Conditions for the production of promethium in stellar atmospheres.
Ressegotti GEM detectors for the Upgrade of the CMS Muon Forward system
Bernabei et al. DAMA/LIBRA-phase1 results and perspectives of the phase2
Da Silva et al. Neutron emission spectra obtained by a double neutron-gamma discrimination technique
Brooks et al. Heavy-Flavor Production via Single Muon Detection in the PHENIX Detector at s= 200 GeV

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant