CN103196521A - Float switch type free flow discharge forecast device for upper reservoir dam of pumped storage power plant - Google Patents
Float switch type free flow discharge forecast device for upper reservoir dam of pumped storage power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN103196521A CN103196521A CN2013100798182A CN201310079818A CN103196521A CN 103196521 A CN103196521 A CN 103196521A CN 2013100798182 A CN2013100798182 A CN 2013100798182A CN 201310079818 A CN201310079818 A CN 201310079818A CN 103196521 A CN103196521 A CN 103196521A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a float switch type free flow discharge forecast device for an upper reservoir dam of a pumped storage power plant, and aims at providing the float switch type free flow discharge forecast device capable of raising the alarm reliably and quickly when free flow discharge occurs. The technical scheme provided by the invention is that the device comprises a control loop and an alarm loop, wherein the control loop comprises a relay, a control loop power supply and a float switch; the float switch is vertically fixed in an overflow dam section to be tested or near an upstream dam surface of the dam section, and achieves on-off according to a dam-front water level of the upper reservoir; one end of the control loop power supply is electrically connected with one end of a relay coil, and the other end is connected with the float switch in series and then electrically connected with the other end of the relay coil; the alarm loop comprises an alarm loop power supply; one end of the power supply is electrically connected with one contact reed of the relay, and the other end is connected with an alarm device in series and then electrically connected to another contact reed of the relay. The float switch type free flow discharge forecast device is suitable for hydraulic and hydro-power engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of the alarm device, particularly a kind of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam for monitoring and prediction hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam generation free dredging flow, mainly be applicable in the Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering.
Background technology
The release floodwatering facility of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam is usually designed to the overflow weir form of no gate control, when upper storage reservoir is taken out when causing upstream water level to surpass the weir crest elevation because of super, storehouse water is namely through the overflow weir free dredging flow, not only bring economic loss to power plant, simultaneously also the energy dissipater is caused to a certain degree loss, even form potential safety hazard.If when the upper storage reservoir dam took place or is about to free dredging flow takes place, the staff of power plant can in time obtain early warning information, just can stop pumping, thereby reduce or avoid economic loss.
Though present domestic hydroenergy storage station all is provided with, lower storage reservoir water level detector and alarm, but the water level at its place, monitoring point not necessarily can represent upstream water level, and the warning function of most water level detector and alarms is very imperfect, lack onsite alarming and remote notification function, therefore be necessary to design a kind of independently monitoring prediction device, for power plant provides one reliably, obtain the information approach whether dam free dredging flow takes place or is about to take place rapidly, simultaneously also for having conventional water level detector and alarm now in power failure, means are observed and predicted in a kind of backup that circuit damage or sensor fault etc. in particular cases provide.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: at problems of the prior art, a kind of float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam is provided, can reliably give the alarm rapidly when free dredging flow occurring, to reach minimizing or to avoid economic loss and safeguard the purpose that dam safety moves.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam, and it is characterized in that: it includes control loop and alarm circuit; Wherein control loop comprises relay, control loop power supply, and vertically be fixed in overflow monolith to be measured or close on monolith upstream dam facing and realize the float switch of break-make according to the upper storage reservoir upstream water level, described control loop power supply one end and relay coil wherein an end are electrically connected, and are electrically connected with the relay coil other end behind the other end series connection float switch; Described alarm circuit comprises the alarm circuit power supply, and this power supply one end is electrically connected with one of them contact reed of relay, is electrically connected to another contact reed of relay behind the other end series connection warning device.
Described float switch comprises the steel water level pipe that vertically is fixed in overflow monolith to be measured or closes on monolith upstream dam facing, is fixedly installed in the triggering telegraph key in this water level pipe, thereby and can be in water level pipe the movable control of easy on and off trigger the float of telegraph key break-make; Wherein trigger telegraph key and be positioned at more than the overflow elevation, its two ends are electrically connected with the control loop power positive cathode respectively; Float is positioned at and triggers the telegraph key below, and the water level pipe bottom is equipped be used to the detachable small opening lid that prevents that float from dropping in manage.
Described triggering telegraph key comprises the coaxial hollow housing that is fixed on the water level pipe inwall, one is shaped on a support in this housing, with cantilevered fashion two corresponding shell fragments are up and down arranged fixedly on this support, and two shell fragments are electrically connected with the control loop power positive cathode respectively, be equipped with on the end face of housing bottom can be under the float effect easy on and off slide, to control the push rod of two shell fragment foldings.
Described push rod comprises coaxial arrangement body of rod on the end face of housing bottom, and these body of rod two ends are respectively equipped with and prevent it from upper limit dish and lower limit dish that housing comes off, and wherein the upper limit panel surface is equipped with the striker corresponding with shell fragment.
Described water level pipe bottom is the water inlet segment that has one group of boring, and its length is 20cm, and percentage of open area is not less than 20%.
Described water level pipe top exceeds dam crest face 10cm, and mouth of pipe place is provided with conical blast cap.
Described warning device is made up of the sound and light alarm module and the SMS module that seal in alarm circuit after parallel with one another.
Described control loop power supply and alarm circuit power supply are formed by transformer and the rectification circuit that is connected in its output terminal, and it is output as the direct current that is less than or equal to 36V.
Described rectification circuit output end is parallel with the lithium battery group.
Described transformer comprises a primary coil and two secondary coils, and wherein primary coil connects the 220V alternating current, and two secondary coils are electrically connected with two rectification circuits respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: 1, consider from security standpoint, trigger the working current that the interior spring copper sheet of telegraph key should not directly carry warning device, so will trigger the design of telegraph key and warning device in two independent loops (control loop and alarm circuit), two loops contact by electromagnetic relay, wherein trigger the loop at telegraph key place as the input circuit (control loop) of electromagnetic relay, the loop at warning device place is as the output loop (alarm circuit) of electromagnetic relay; When hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir upstream water level reaches the overflow elevation, float triggers the push rod of telegraph key in the water level pipe with the rising of intraluminal fluid face and jack-up, promoting two shell fragments is in contact with one another, the float switch closure, the control loop conducting, electromagnetic relay work is the conducting alarm circuit then, send warning in modes such as sound, light, notes, remind the relevant responsible official of field personnel or far-end to stop pumping, compared to prior art, its feedback is reliable more rapidly, thereby reduces or avoided economic loss and safeguarded the dam safety operation.2, be down to the overflow elevation when following when the upper storage reservoir upstream water level, float descends with the intraluminal fluid face in the water level pipe, and the push rod that triggers telegraph key is glided by the deadweight effect, two shell fragments separate immediately, and control loop disconnects, and two contacts of electromagnetic relay reed separates, alarm circuit disconnects, and warning stops; Under this state (not alarm condition), two loops all disconnect, so power consumption is few.3, two ring current output terminals all are parallel with the lithium battery group, as standby power supply, have guaranteed the operate as normal of device under the non-transformer situation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the on-the-spot scheme of installation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 triggers the telegraph key structural drawing among the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to sectional view.
Fig. 4 is that the B-B of Fig. 1 is to sectional view.
Fig. 5 is that the C-C of Fig. 1 is to sectional view.
Fig. 6 is the structural drawing of push rod among the present invention.
Fig. 7 is circuit theory synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
As Fig. 1-shown in Figure 7, present embodiment includes separate control loop and alarm circuit; Wherein control loop comprises relay 1, control loop power supply 2, and vertically be fixed in overflow monolith to be measured or close on monolith upstream dam facing, be used for the float switch 3 of monitoring upstream water level, described control loop power supply 2 one ends and relay 1 coil wherein an end are electrically connected, and other end series connection float switch 3 backs are electrically connected with the relay 1 coil other end; Described alarm circuit comprises alarm circuit power supply 4, and this power supply one end is electrically connected with one of them contact reed of relay 1, is electrically connected to another contact reed of relay 1 behind the other end series connection warning device; Described control loop power supply 2 and alarm circuit power supply 4 are output as the direct current that is less than or equal to 36V.
Described float switch 3 comprises the steel water level pipe 3-1 that vertically is fixed in overflow monolith to be measured or closes on monolith upstream dam facing, is fixedly installed in the triggering telegraph key 3-2 in this water level pipe, and places the float 3-3 in this water level pipe; Described triggering telegraph key 3-2 is positioned at more than the overflow elevation, and its two ends are electrically connected with control loop power supply 2 both positive and negative polarities respectively; Float 3-3 is positioned at and triggers telegraph key 3-2 below, can trigger the break-make of telegraph key 3-2 with control according to water level easy on and off activity in the pipe.
In this example, described water level pipe 3-1 is standard DN65 coating steel pipe (external diameter 76mm, internal diameter 68mm, wall thickness 4mm), vertically be fixed in overflow monolith to be measured or close on the upstream dam facing of monolith, its bottom is positioned at the following about 70cm of overflow elevation, and the top exceeds dam crest face 10cm; Water level pipe 3-1 top is run, plays and cuts down the storehouse water wave to the effect of water level influence in managing, and the bottom is the water inlet segment that has one group of boring, and its length is 20cm, and percentage of open area is not less than 20%(area ratio), be beneficial to into water; Water level pipe 3-1 bottom is equipped with detachable small opening lid 3-4, and float 3-3 dropped from the pipe end in preventing from managing, but silt or dirt in the while vent pipe.In order to prevent that rainwater and foreign material from falling in the water level pipe 3-1, is provided with conical blast cap 5 at top mouth of pipe place.
Described float 3-3 is stainless steel or plastics shell hollow sealing spheroid, external diameter 60mm, and surfacing is smooth, can easy on and off activity in water level pipe 3-1.
Described triggering telegraph key 3-2 comprises by the coaxial hollow housing 3-2-1 that is fixed on the water level pipe 3-1 inwall of bolt, one is shaped on a support 3-2-2 in this housing, with cantilevered fashion two corresponding shell fragment 3-2-3 are up and down arranged fixedly on this support, and two shell fragment 3-2-3 are electrically connected with control loop power supply 2 both positive and negative polarities respectively, on the end face of housing 3-2-1 bottom push rod 3-2-4 is installed, can under float 3-3 effect, slide by easy on and off, thereby control the folding of two shell fragment 3-2-3, realize the break-make of control loop.Described housing 3-2-1 is plastic material cylindrical cavity structure, external diameter 68mm, cavity internal diameter 60mm, side thickness 4mm; Upper base thickness of slab 5mm bores 3
Air hole 9 and 1
Cable outlet hole 10; The thickness of slab 20mm that goes to the bottom, corresponding upper plate air hole position is same bores 3
Air hole 9(be used for the balance pipe internal gas pressure), bore 1 at the lower shoe circle centre position in addition
Push rod sliding eye 11.Two shell fragment 3-2-3 are arranged side by side up and down, the about 3mm of vertical interval, and cable of every shell fragment 3-2-3 welding is drawn the both positive and negative polarity that is connected to control loop power supply 2 respectively from cable outlet hole 10.
Described push rod 3-2-4 comprises body of rod 3-2-5, upper limit dish 3-2-6, lower limit dish 3-2-7 and striker 3-2-8, and wherein body of rod 3-2-5, upper limit dish 3-2-6, lower limit dish 3-2-7 are plastic material; Body of rod 3-2-5 diameter 10mm wherein, long 27mm is coaxially installed in the push rod sliding eye 11 on the housing 3-2-1 lower shoe, and can be free to slide in this sliding eye; Upper limit dish 3-2-6 diameter 20mm, thick 3mm, lower limit dish 3-2-7 diameter 50mm, thick 3mm is used for preventing that the body of rod 3-2-5 from coming off from housing 3-2-1 lower shoe; Striker 3-2-8 is copper cone, bottom surface diameter 5mm, high 10mm.
Whole triggering telegraph key 3-2, specifically installs elevation and is calculated as follows in water level pipe 3-1 by two M8 * 20 bolt: when spheroid float 3-3 floated in the water, its deadweight and buoyant equilibrium made that the float quality is m, and it is h highly that float does not have in the entry, then has
In the formula, ρ is the density of water, gets 1.0 * 10
3Kg/m
3G is acceleration of gravity; D is the float external diameter, and this example is 60mm.The substitution data can solve h.When water level reaches overflow elevation H
OverflowThe time, float 3-3 end face complete jack-up push rod 3-2-4 just gives the alarm with closed circuit, so trigger telegraph key 3-2 bottom surface elevation H
Open CloseShould be high together with the float 3-3 end face of this moment, namely have
Described warning device comprises the on-the-spot sound and light alarm of sound and light alarm module 6() and SMS module 7(remote short messages notice), be connected serially in the alarm circuit after both parallel connections.
Described control loop power supply 2 and alarm circuit power supply 4 are formed by transformer and the rectification circuit that is connected in its output terminal, and it is output as the direct current that is less than or equal to 36V.In this example, described transformer comprises a primary coil and two secondary coils, the external 220V alternating current of primary coil wherein, two secondary coils are electrically connected with two rectification circuits of control loop power supply 2 and alarm circuit power supply 4 respectively, and the output terminal of each rectification circuit all is parallel with lithium battery group 8; This moment, the mode of operation of two ring currents can be divided into two kinds of external power supply and internal cell (lithium battery group) power supplies, wherein external power supply is provided by civil power (AC220V), by being output as fixed voltage (≤36V) direct current behind transformer and the rectification circuit; Internal cell power supply is to utilize lithium battery group 8 to have can to discharge and recharge operation repeatedly and memory-less effect characteristics almost, be connected in parallel on the output terminal of rectification circuit after, for control loop and alarm circuit provide interim standby power supply.Two kinds of working mode change are as follows: when external power supply was communicated with, civil power for entire circuit provides working power, charged to lithium battery group 8 behind step-down rectifier simultaneously; When external power supply was opened circuit, lithium battery group 8 transferred discharge mode automatically to, bore the effect into the entire circuit power supply, and storing electricity can make device continue more than the warning 2h.Because this device inner two loops when not reporting to the police all are in off state, therefore per day consumed power is few.
This routine detector and alarm comprises that also an electric box 12(is positioned at the above eminence of dam crest, and by support bed hedgehopping 5cm), described relay 1, control loop power supply 2, alarm circuit power supply 4 and SMS module 7 all are arranged in this electric box, and 6 of sound and light alarm modules are positioned at this electric box outside; Extend the outside after the both positive and negative polarity cable of control loop power supply 2 passes this electric box, be electrically connected with two shell fragment 3-2-3 respectively.
The principle of work of present embodiment is: when hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir upstream water level reaches the overflow elevation, liquid level rises synchronously in the water level pipe 3-1, float 3-3 rises with water level simultaneously, the push rod 3-2-4 jack-up of telegraph key will be triggered, promoting two shell fragment 3-2-3 is in contact with one another, float switch 3 closures, the control loop conducting, the electromagnetic relay 1 conducting alarm circuit then of working, sound and light alarm module 6 and SMS module 7 work, send warning in modes such as sound, light, notes, remind the relevant responsible official of field personnel or far-end to stop pumping.Otherwise, when hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir upstream water level is down to the overflow elevation when following, float 3-3 descends with water level, the push rod 3-2-4 that triggers telegraph key glides under the self gravitation effect, two shell fragment 3-2-3 separate immediately, and control loop disconnects, and 1 two contacts of electromagnetic relay reed separates, alarm circuit disconnects, and warning stops.
Claims (10)
1. the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of a hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam, it is characterized in that: it includes control loop and alarm circuit; Wherein control loop comprises relay (1), control loop power supply (2), and vertically be fixed in overflow monolith to be measured or close on monolith upstream dam facing and realize the float switch (3) of break-make according to the upper storage reservoir upstream water level, described control loop power supply (2) one ends and relay (1) coil wherein an end are electrically connected, and other end series connection float switch (3) back is electrically connected with relay (1) the coil other end; Described alarm circuit comprises alarm circuit power supply (4), and this power supply one end is electrically connected with one of them contact reed of relay (1), is electrically connected to another contact reed of relay (1) behind the other end series connection warning device.
2. the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described float switch (3) comprises the steel water level pipe (3-1) that vertically is fixed in overflow monolith to be measured or closes on monolith upstream dam facing, is fixedly installed in the triggering telegraph key (3-2) in this water level pipe, and can be at water level pipe (3-1) thus in the float (3-3) of the movable control triggering of easy on and off telegraph key (3-2) break-make; Wherein trigger telegraph key (3-2) and be positioned at more than the overflow elevation, its two ends are electrically connected with control loop power supply (2) both positive and negative polarity respectively; Float (3-3) is positioned at and triggers telegraph key (3-2) below, and water level pipe (3-1) bottom is equipped be used to the detachable small opening lid (3-4) that prevents that float (3-3) from dropping in manage.
3. the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described triggering telegraph key (3-2) comprises the coaxial hollow housing (3-2-1) that is fixed on water level pipe (3-1) inwall, one is shaped on a support (3-2-2) in this housing, with cantilevered fashion two corresponding shell fragments (3-2-3) are up and down arranged fixedly on this support, and two shell fragments (3-2-3) are electrically connected with control loop power supply (2) both positive and negative polarity respectively, are equipped with on the end face of housing (3-2-1) bottom to slide by easy on and off under float (3-3) effect, to control the push rod (3-2-4) of two shell fragments (3-2-3) folding.
4. the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described push rod (3-2-4) comprises coaxial arrangement body of rod (3-2-5) on the end face of housing (3-2-1) bottom, these body of rod two ends are respectively equipped with upper limit dish (3-2-6) and the lower limit dish (3-2-7) that prevents that it from coming off from housing (3-2-1), and wherein the striker (3-2-8) corresponding with shell fragment (3-2-3) is equipped with on upper limit dish (3-2-6) surface.
5. according to the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of claim 2 or 3 or 4 described hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dams, it is characterized in that: described water level pipe (3-1) bottom is the water inlet segment that has one group of boring, its length is 20cm, and percentage of open area is not less than 20%.
6. according to the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of claim 2 or 3 or 4 described hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dams, it is characterized in that: described water level pipe (3-1) top exceeds dam crest face 10cm, and mouth of pipe place is provided with conical blast cap (5).
7. according to the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dams, it is characterized in that: described warning device is made up of the sound and light alarm module (6) that seals in alarm circuit after parallel with one another and SMS module (7).
8. according to the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dams, it is characterized in that: described control loop power supply (2) and alarm circuit power supply (4) are formed by transformer and the rectification circuit that is connected in its output terminal, and it is output as the direct current that is less than or equal to 36V.
9. the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described rectification circuit output end is parallel with lithium battery group (8).
10. according to Claim 8 or the float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of 9 described hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dams, it is characterized in that: described transformer comprises a primary coil and two secondary coils, wherein primary coil connects the 220V alternating current, and two secondary coils are electrically connected with two rectification circuits respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310079818.2A CN103196521B (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2013-03-13 | The float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310079818.2A CN103196521B (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2013-03-13 | The float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103196521A true CN103196521A (en) | 2013-07-10 |
| CN103196521B CN103196521B (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310079818.2A Expired - Fee Related CN103196521B (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2013-03-13 | The float switch formula free dredging flow detector and alarm of hydroenergy storage station upper storage reservoir dam |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108318108A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-07-24 | 朱艳青 | A kind of water level electric controling switch |
| CN111076860A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-28 | 云南农业大学 | Repairable piezometric tube |
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| US20060208915A1 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-21 | Stuart Oakner | Liquid level sensor switch |
| CN200990340Y (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-12-12 | 张晓坤 | Submensible automatic liquid level switch |
| CN201635766U (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2010-11-17 | 潘如春 | Automatic switch for roadway drainage |
| CN201943078U (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-08-24 | 歌山建设集团有限公司 | Unmanned dewatering pump for tube well |
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2013
- 2013-03-13 CN CN201310079818.2A patent/CN103196521B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060208915A1 (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-21 | Stuart Oakner | Liquid level sensor switch |
| CN200990340Y (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-12-12 | 张晓坤 | Submensible automatic liquid level switch |
| CN201635766U (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2010-11-17 | 潘如春 | Automatic switch for roadway drainage |
| CN201943078U (en) * | 2010-12-20 | 2011-08-24 | 歌山建设集团有限公司 | Unmanned dewatering pump for tube well |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108318108A (en) * | 2018-02-23 | 2018-07-24 | 朱艳青 | A kind of water level electric controling switch |
| CN111076860A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-28 | 云南农业大学 | Repairable piezometric tube |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN103196521B (en) | 2015-11-18 |
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